A wave energy power generation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a wave energy power generation device, including a main structure, a generator set and a piston assembly, wherein the main structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, the bottom of which has an outer edge along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of support columns are evenly fixed at the lower end of the outer edge, and the support columns are fixed in the offshore waters; the upper cavity of the main structure is divided into an upper hydraulic cylinder and a lower hydraulic cylinder by a middle partition, and the piston assembly is composed of an upper piston, a connecting piston and a lower water storage piston, and the lower water storage piston has a water storage cavity; a hollow support column is installed at the center of the middle partition, and the generator set is installed at the upper end of the hollow support column through a generator set mounting bracket, and a channel communicating with the cavity in the upper hydraulic cylinder is opened at the top of the hollow support column; plungers are symmetrically installed on both sides of the hollow support column, and the plungers pass through the oil return holes opened on the middle partition. The invention has high energy utilization, small footprint, high power generation efficiency, easy disassembly and parts replacement, and low maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a power generation device, in particular to a wave energy power generation device, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation. Background Art

[0002] Wave energy comes from wind. The wind acts on the seawater over thousands of miles to accelerate the waves, making the waves have great energy. However, due to the large pulsation of wave energy, it cannot be applied to power generation systems. After the energy conversion device converts the captured wave energy into mechanical energy, it is usually necessary to set up an energy output system between the generator and the wave energy conversion device to smooth out the peaks and fill the valleys, thereby stabilizing the input power of the generator. This system is not only complex in structure, but also has low conversion efficiency.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with application number 201711042907.4 provides a hydraulic wave power generation device, which uses a float to collect the up and down floating of waves, and converts the energy into electrical energy through a power conversion device between the float and the generator. The power conversion device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a first control valve, an accumulator, an oil tank and a hydraulic motor. The up and down floating of the float drives the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move up and down; the up and down movement of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pumps the hydraulic oil in the oil tank into the accumulator through the control valve, and the hydraulic oil in the accumulator drives the hydraulic motor to rotate; the hydraulic motor power is connected to the generator and can drive the generator to generate electricity. By using a hydraulic cylinder with continuous oil supply, the energy of the waves is collected, and the generator is driven unidirectionally to generate electricity through the accumulator and the hydraulic motor. This power generation system uses the hydraulic system oil circuit to store energy and generate electricity. The energy is converted into mechanical energy, hydraulic energy, mechanical energy and electrical energy in sequence, and it goes through multiple energy conversion stages in between, which greatly reduces the power generation efficiency. At the same time, power control components such as solenoid valves need to be installed. Once a component fails, the entire system will be unable to generate electricity, and the stability is poor. The float in the device is placed on the upper part, separated from the power generation equipment, occupies a large area and has a high cost.

[0004] Moreover, the generators used in the prior art for wave energy generation are mostly bidirectionally rotating, and the internal coil of the generator rotates to cut the magnetic flux lines and start generating electricity. However, when the generator rotates in both directions, it needs to go through the process of unidirectional rotation - unidirectional rotation braking - reverse direction start - reverse direction rotation. The huge inertia that needs to be overcome during the braking process causes energy loss and wear of the generator parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome various deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a wave energy power generation device with high energy utilization rate, small footprint, low cost and high power generation efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a wave energy power generation device, including a main structure, a generator set and a piston assembly. The main structure is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the bottom has an outer edge along the circumferential direction. A plurality of support columns are evenly fixed at the lower end of the outer edge, and the support columns are fixed in the offshore waters; the upper end cavity of the main structure is divided into an upper hydraulic cylinder and a lower hydraulic cylinder by a middle partition, and the piston assembly is composed of an upper piston, a connecting piston and a lower water storage piston. The surface area of ​​the upper piston is smaller than the surface area of ​​the lower water storage piston. The upper piston is arranged in the lower hydraulic cylinder, and its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the lower hydraulic cylinder and is provided to a sealing ring at the contact position between the upper piston and the lower hydraulic cylinder. A limiting ring is fixed at the bottom of the lower hydraulic cylinder cavity to limit the stroke of the upper piston. The upper piston and the lower water storage piston are connected by a connecting piston. The lower water storage piston A water storage cavity is provided inside, and a water injection hole is provided at the bottom of the water storage cavity, and the water injection hole is sealed by a water storage plunger and a sealing rubber ring; a hollow support column is installed at the center of the middle partition, and the generator set is installed at the upper end of the hollow support column through the generator set mounting bracket, and a channel communicating with the cavity in the upper hydraulic cylinder is provided at the top of the hollow support column; plungers are symmetrically installed on both sides of the hollow support column, and the plungers pass through the oil return holes provided on the middle partition, and a conical rubber plug is fixed at the lower end of the plunger, and a permanent strong magnet is fixed at the bottom of the conical rubber plug, and a compression spring is set on the upper part of the plunger, and the bottom of the compression spring is fixed to the middle partition, and the upper end of the compression spring is connected to the limit plate on the top of the plunger; the middle partition is made of non-magnetic material, and the upper end piston is made of magnetic material, and the cavity of the lower hydraulic cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0007] In the initial state, the plunger is acted upon by the plunger's own weight, the elastic force of the compression spring and the upward buoyancy of the hydraulic oil, so that the conical rubber plug at the bottom of the plunger is sealed at the two oil return holes of the middle partition; a certain amount of water is filled into the water storage cavity in the lower water storage piston as required. Since the device is arranged in offshore waters, when high tide or waves come, as the depth of the device being flooded increases, that is, the displacement volume of the piston increases, the piston is subjected to an upward buoyancy. When the buoyancy is greater than the weight of the piston assembly, the piston assembly will be pushed upward as a whole. As the upper piston moves upward, the plunger is subjected to the upward force of the spring and the upward force generated by the pressure difference between the lower hydraulic cylinder and the upper hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the conical rubber plug tightly blocks the oil return hole, and the hydraulic oil in the lower hydraulic cylinder can only enter the upper hydraulic cylinder through the hollow support column. When the hydraulic oil flows upward, it flows through the generator set to drive the generator set to generate electricity; as the upper piston and the permanent strong magnet at the lower end of the plunger are As the distance between them approaches, the magnetic attraction between them gradually increases. When the combined force of the magnetic attraction and gravity is greater than the combined force of the elastic force of the compression spring and the pressure difference between the upper and lower hydraulic cylinders, the conical rubber plug at the bottom of the plunger will break away from the oil return hole and drive the plunger to move downward and close to the upper surface of the upper piston. With the tide or the decline of the waves, the buoyancy of the piston gradually decreases. The gravity of the piston overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring, so that the piston assembly moves downward as a whole. With the downward movement of the piston, the pressure in the lower hydraulic cylinder decreases. Under the action of gravity and pressure difference, the hydraulic oil in the upper hydraulic cylinder flows into the lower hydraulic cylinder through the oil return hole, completing a self-circulating power generation process. When the piston assembly descends to a certain distance, the magnetic force between the upper piston and the permanent strong magnet at the bottom of the plunger gradually decreases. The plunger moves upward due to the elastic restoring force of the compression spring until the conical rubber plug resumes blocking the oil return hole. The above power generation process is repeated when the next wave or high tide comes.

[0008] In order to keep the piston assembly moving in the vertical direction at all times and prevent the lateral force between the main structure and the sealing ring from being generated during the movement of the piston assembly, causing the piston seal to fail, a number of slide rail guide holes are opened around the lower water storage piston, and a number of slide rails are fixed to the lower end of the bottom outer edge of the main structure. The lower end of the slide rail is fixed to the inner side of the support column through a slide rail bracket. The lower water storage piston passes through the slide rail through the slide rail guide hole and moves up and down along the slide rail.

[0009] In order to limit the range of motion of the piston assembly and to make the piston assembly play a buffering role when it moves to the upper and lower limit positions, to prevent the upper piston from generating excessive impact force when it contacts the permanent strong magnet and destroying the permanent strong magnet, the upper and lower sides of the slide rail are installed with adjustable limit rings, the lower part of the upper limit ring and the upper part of the lower limit ring are both made of rubber, and the lower part of the permanent strong magnet has a rubber ring. The upper limit ring and the lower limit ring can move up and down on the slide rail and be fixed at any desired position. Specifically, the limit ring and the slide rail can be connected by threads.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to buffer the impact force between the upper piston and the limiting ring when the upper piston moves to the lower limit position, a rubber buffer pad is provided on the upper end of the limiting ring.

[0011] In order to maintain and repair the generator set inside the main structure, the upper end of the main structure is an open structure and is sealed by an upper cover and an upper cover sealing ring. The top of the upper cover is also provided with a hanging ear.

[0012] In order to prevent the piston assembly from bringing some water into the cavity in the lower hydraulic cylinder when it moves upward, a dynamic seal is provided at the contact position between the limit ring and the upper piston.

[0013] Preferably, the water storage plunger can be a solenoid valve, which is connected to the water storage chamber water injection system. A liquid level sensor is installed at the lower end of the support column, and the liquid level sensor transmits the current water level signal to the controller. The controller adjusts the weight of the water in the water storage chamber by measuring the current water level data. The range of up and down movement of the float is adjusted by adjusting the overall weight of the piston assembly, so as to adapt to the changes in wave size during the day and night and seasons, better adapt to waves of different sizes, optimize the power generation efficiency at different times, and further improve the power generation efficiency.

[0014] The generator set is a small hydroelectric generator set, and a propeller driving the generator set to generate electricity is fixed on the upper end of the generator set. The present invention can also adopt other forms of hydroelectric generator sets.

[0015] The present invention utilizes the water storage piston at the lower end to increase the displacement volume, thereby increasing the buoyancy and the power generation, so that the wave energy can be fully utilized; and the short displacement stroke of the large-bore hydraulic cylinder is converted into the long stroke of the long small-diameter channel of the hollow support column outside the generator set, thereby providing a continuous and stable driving force for the generator set. The hydraulic cylinder used does not need to be very long to achieve the purpose of continuous and stable power generation, which greatly reduces the cost; the present invention adjusts the gravity of the buoyancy by adjusting the water volume of the water storage piston at the lower end, so that the initial position of the piston assembly can be changed and the movement range of the piston can be adjusted to improve the utilization rate of waves of different heights; the oil return hole and the movable plunger arranged on the middle partition can enable the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder to be continuously circulated, and no additional driving force is required to ensure that the generator set can obtain relatively stable and pressurized hydraulic oil, so that the generator set can continuously and stably obtain the power generation driving force; compared with other wave energy power generation devices, the present invention has a simple structure, does not require other power control links and sensors, has stable performance, is easy to disassemble and replace parts, and has low maintenance cost; the use of oil as hydraulic power greatly reduces the corrosion of internal core components and increases the service life of the power generation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a top view of the main structure and its internal structure in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plunger and the hollow support column in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston assembly in the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1. Main structure; 1.1. Upper hydraulic cylinder; 1.2. Lower hydraulic cylinder; 2. Generator set; 3. Piston assembly; 3.1. Upper piston; 3.2. Connecting piston; 3.3. Lower water storage piston; 3.4. Water storage cavity; 3.5. Water injection hole; 3.6. Water storage plunger; 3.7. Sealing rubber ring; 3.8. Guide hole of slide rail; 4. Outer edge; 5. Support column; 6. Sealing ring; 7. Limiting ring; 8. Middle partition; 9. Hollow support column; 10. Generator set mounting bracket; 11. Plunger; 12. Oil return hole; 13. Conical rubber plug; 14. Permanent strong magnet; 15. Compression spring; 16. Limiting plate; 17. Slide rail; 18. Slide rail bracket; 19. Upper limit ring; 20. Lower limit ring; 21. Rubber buffer pad; 22. Upper cover; 23. Upper cover sealing ring; 24. Hanging ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a wave energy power generation device includes a main structure 1, a generator set 2 and a piston assembly 3. The main structure is a hollow cylindrical structure 1, and the bottom has an outer edge 4 along the circumferential direction. A plurality of support columns 5 are evenly fixed at the lower end of the outer edge 4, and the support columns 5 are fixed in the offshore waters; the upper end cavity of the main structure 1 is divided into an upper hydraulic cylinder 1.1 and a lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 by a middle partition 8. The piston assembly 3 is composed of an upper piston 3.1, a connecting piston 3.2 and a lower water storage piston 3.3. The upper piston The surface area of ​​3.1 is smaller than that of the lower water storage piston 3.3. The upper piston 3.1 is arranged in the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2. Its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 and is provided with a sealing ring 6 at the contact position between the upper piston 3.1 and the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2. A limiting ring 7 is fixed at the bottom of the cavity of the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 to limit the stroke of the upper piston 3.1. The upper piston 3.1 is connected to the lower water storage piston 3.3 through the connecting piston 3.2. The lower water storage piston 3.3 has A water storage cavity 3.4 is provided with a water injection hole 3.5 at the bottom of the water storage cavity 3.4, and the water injection hole 3.5 is sealed by a water storage plunger 3.6 and a sealing rubber ring 3.7; a hollow support column 9 is installed at the center of the middle partition 8, and the generator set 2 is installed at the upper end of the hollow support column 9 through the generator set mounting bracket 10, and a channel communicating with the inner cavity of the upper hydraulic cylinder 1.1 is opened at the top of the hollow support column 9; plungers 11 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the hollow support column 9, and the plungers 11 pass through the middle partition 8. An oil return hole 12 is opened on the partition plate 8, and a conical rubber plug 13 is fixed at the lower end of the plunger 11, a permanent strong magnet 14 is fixed to the bottom of the conical rubber plug 13, a compression spring 15 is set on the upper part of the plunger 11, the bottom of the compression spring 15 is fixed to the middle partition plate 8, and the upper end of the compression spring 15 is connected to the limit plate 16 at the top of the plunger 11; the middle partition plate 8 is made of non-magnetic material, the upper end piston 3.1 is made of magnetic material, and the cavity of the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0024] In the initial state, the plunger 11 is subjected to the combined effect of the plunger's own weight, the elastic force of the compression spring 15 and the upward buoyancy of the hydraulic oil, so that the conical rubber plug 13 at the bottom of the plunger 11 is sealed at the two oil return holes 12 of the middle partition 8; the water storage cavity 3.4 in the water storage piston 3.3 at the lower end is filled with a certain amount of water as needed. Since the device is set in offshore waters, when high tide or waves come, as the depth of the device being flooded increases, that is, the displacement volume of the piston increases, the piston is subjected to an upward buoyancy. When the buoyancy is greater than the piston When the gravity of the assembly is applied, the piston assembly 3 will be pushed upward as a whole. As the upper piston 3.1 moves upward, the plunger 11 is subjected to the upward force of the spring and the upward force generated by the pressure difference between the upper hydraulic cylinder 1.1 and the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2. At this time, the conical rubber plug 13 tightly blocks the oil return hole 12, and the hydraulic oil in the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 can only enter the upper hydraulic cylinder 1.1 through the hollow support column 9. When the hydraulic oil flows upward, it flows through the generator set 2 to drive the generator set to generate electricity; as the upper piston 3.1 and the permanent strong magnet 1 at the lower end of the plunger 11 4, the magnetic attraction between them gradually increases. When the combined force of the magnetic attraction and gravity is greater than the combined force of the elastic force of the compression spring 15 and the pressure difference between the upper and lower hydraulic cylinders, the conical rubber plug 13 at the bottom of the plunger 11 will break away from the oil return hole 12 and drive the plunger 11 to move downward and close to the upper surface of the upper piston 3.1; with the return tide or the decline of waves, the buoyancy of the piston gradually decreases, and the piston's own gravity overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring 15, so that the piston assembly 3 moves downward as a whole, and as the piston As the piston assembly 3 moves downward, the pressure in the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 decreases, and the hydraulic oil in the upper hydraulic cylinder 1.1 flows into the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 through the oil return hole 12 under the action of gravity and pressure difference, completing a self-circulating power generation process; when the piston assembly 3 descends to a certain distance, the magnetic force between the upper piston 3.1 and the permanent strong magnet 14 at the bottom of the plunger gradually decreases, and the plunger 11 moves upward due to the elastic restoring force of the compression spring 15 until the conical rubber plug 13 resumes blocking the oil return hole 12; the above power generation process is repeated when the next wave or high tide comes.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to keep the piston assembly 3 moving in the vertical direction at all times and prevent the piston assembly 3 from generating lateral force between the main structure 1 and the sealing ring 6 during movement, which may cause the piston seal to fail, a plurality of slide rail guide holes 3.8 are provided around the lower water storage piston 3.3, and a plurality of slide rails 17 are fixed to the lower end of the outer edge of the bottom of the main structure 1. The lower end of the slide rail 17 is fixed to the inner side of the support column 5 through a slide rail bracket 18. The lower water storage piston 3.3 passes through the slide rail 17 through the slide rail guide hole 3.8 and moves up and down along the slide rail.

[0026] In this embodiment, the number of the guide holes 3.8 and the guide rails 17 is four.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to limit the range of motion of the piston assembly and enable the piston assembly 3 to play a buffering role when it moves to the upper and lower limit positions, to prevent the upper piston 3.1 from generating excessive impact force when it contacts the permanent strong magnet 14 and destroying the permanent strong magnet 14, the upper and lower sides of the slide rail 17 are installed with adjustable limit rings, the lower part of the upper limit ring 19 and the upper part of the lower limit ring 20 are both made of rubber, and the lower part of the permanent strong magnet 14 has a rubber ring. The upper limit ring 19 and the lower limit ring 20 can both move up and down on the slide rail 17 and be fixed at any desired position. Specifically, the limit ring and the slide rail can be connected by a threaded connection. Furthermore, in order to buffer the impact force between the upper piston 3.1 and the limit ring 7 when it moves to the lower limit position, a rubber buffer pad 21 is provided at the upper end of the limit ring 7.

[0028] In order to maintain and repair the generator set 2 inside the main structure 1 , the upper end of the main structure 1 is an open structure and is sealed by an upper cover 22 and an upper cover sealing ring 23 . The top of the upper cover 22 also has a hanging ear 24 .

[0029] In order to prevent the piston assembly from bringing some water into the cavity in the lower hydraulic cylinder 1.2 when moving upward, a dynamic seal is provided at the contact position between the limit ring 7 and the upper piston 3.1.

[0030] Preferably, the water storage plunger 3.6 can be a solenoid valve, which is connected to the water storage chamber water injection system. A liquid level sensor is installed at the lower end of the support column 5. The liquid level sensor transmits the current water level signal to the controller, and the controller adjusts the weight of the water in the water storage chamber by measuring the current water level data. By adjusting the overall weight of the piston assembly to adjust the up and down movement range of the float, it can adapt to the changes in wave size during the day and night and seasons, better adapt to waves of different sizes, optimize the power generation efficiency at different times, and further improve the power generation efficiency.

[0031] The generator set 2 is a small hydroelectric generator set, and a propeller driving the generator set to generate electricity is fixed on the upper end of the generator set. The present invention can also adopt other forms of hydroelectric generator sets and is not limited to the structure shown in the figure.

Claims

1. A wave energy power generation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main structure (1), a generator set (2) and a piston assembly (3). The main structure (1) is a hollow cylindrical structure, and has an outer edge (4) at the bottom along the circumferential direction. A plurality of support columns (5) are evenly fixed at the lower end of the outer edge (4), and the support columns (5) are fixed in the offshore waters. The upper cavity of the main structure (1) is divided into an upper hydraulic cylinder (1.1) and a lower hydraulic cylinder (1.2) by a middle partition (8). The piston assembly (3) is composed of an upper piston (3.1), a connecting piston (3.2) and a lower water storage piston (3.3). The surface area of ​​the upper piston (3.1) is The upper piston (3.1) is arranged in the lower hydraulic cylinder (1.2), and its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the lower hydraulic cylinder (1.2). A sealing ring (6) is arranged at the contact position between the upper piston (3.1) and the lower hydraulic cylinder (1.2). A limiting ring (7) is fixed at the bottom of the cavity of the lower hydraulic cylinder (1.2) to limit the stroke of the upper piston (3.1). The upper piston (3.1) and the lower water storage piston (3.3) are connected through a connecting piston (3.2). The lower water storage piston (3.3) has a water storage cavity (3.4) therein. ), a water injection hole (3.5) is provided at the bottom of the water storage cavity (3.4), and the water injection hole (3.5) is sealed by a water storage plunger (3.6) and a sealing rubber ring (3.7); a hollow support column (9) is installed at the center of the middle partition (8), and the generator set (2) is installed at the upper end of the hollow support column (9) through a generator set mounting bracket (10), and a channel communicating with the inner cavity of the upper hydraulic cylinder (1.1) is provided at the top of the hollow support column (9); plungers (11) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the hollow support column (9), and the plungers (11) pass through the middle partition ( 8), and a conical rubber plug (13) is fixed at the lower end of the plunger (11), a permanent strong magnet (14) is fixed at the bottom of the conical rubber plug (13), a compression spring (15) is sleeved on the upper part of the plunger (11), the bottom of the compression spring (15) is fixed to the middle partition (8), and the upper end of the compression spring (15) is connected to the limit plate (16) at the top of the plunger (11); the middle partition (8) is made of non-magnetic material, the upper piston (3.1) is made of magnetic material, and the cavity of the lower hydraulic cylinder (1.2) is filled with hydraulic oil; A plurality of slide rail guide holes (3.8) are provided around the lower water storage piston (3.3); a plurality of slide rails (17) are fixed to the lower end of the outer edge of the bottom of the main structure (1); the lower end of the slide rail (17) is fixed to the inner side of the support column (5) through a slide rail bracket (18); the lower water storage piston (3.3) passes through the slide rail (17) through the slide rail guide hole (3.8) and moves up and down along the slide rail; The upper and lower sides of the slide rail (17) are provided with adjustable limit rings, the lower part of the upper limit ring (19) and the upper part of the lower limit ring (20) are both made of rubber, and the lower part of the permanent strong magnet (14) has a rubber ring; A rubber buffer pad (21) is provided at the upper end of the limiting ring (7); The upper end of the main structure (1) is an open structure and is sealed by an upper cover (22) and an upper cover sealing ring (23). The top of the upper cover (22) is also provided with a hanging ear (24).

2. The wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dynamic seal is provided at the contact position between the limiting ring (7) and the upper piston (3.1).

3. The wave energy power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The water storage plunger (3.6) is a solenoid valve connected to the water storage chamber water injection system. A liquid level sensor is installed at the lower end of the support column (5). The liquid level sensor transmits the current water level signal to the controller. The controller adjusts the weight of the water in the water storage chamber by measuring the current water level data.

4. The wave energy power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The generator set (2) is a small hydroelectric generator set, and a propeller for driving the generator set to generate electricity is fixed at the upper end of the generator set.

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