A device for blocking vaginal canal of uterine cancer

Abstract

The invention discloses a uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments, and comprising a bandage, a shaft tube, an expansion ring and an air bag; wherein the expansion ring is sleeved on the shaft tube, and the expansion ring is surrounded by a plurality of fan-shaped expansion blocks, and each expansion block is provided with an extension block along the circumferential direction, and / or a groove is provided to enable adjacent expansion blocks to be mutually engaged and connected, and the radial size of the extension block is the same as the radial size of the expansion ring, and the radial size of the groove is the same as the radial size of the expansion ring; on the one hand, the vaginal canal is blocked and sealed before cutting, and on the other hand, the vaginal canal to be cut is fixed to the shaft tube in advance, so that it is convenient to be directly pulled out by the shaft tube later, and the operation is safe and convenient; adjacent expansion blocks are provided with extension blocks along the circumferential direction, and / or grooves are provided, and when the expansion blocks are expanded along the radial direction, it can be ensured as much as possible that the outer periphery is nearly on a circumferential surface, thereby increasing the contact area between the expansion ring surface and the vaginal canal, and enhancing the connection reliability and sealing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a special surgical instrument for vaginal canal excision of uterine cancer. Background Art

[0002] Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in my country. Most cervical cancers are found in stage I and II, and surgery is the main treatment for this stage. In the past 20 years, laparoscopic surgery (including traditional laparoscopy and robot-assisted laparoscopy) has gradually replaced open surgery and has become the dominant surgical method due to its advantages of precision, safety, fast recovery, and short hospital stay. However, in 2018, two very important studies found that the recurrence and survival rates after laparoscopic surgery were significantly lower than those after open surgery, which caused an uproar in the international obstetrics and gynecology community. After controversial discussions, several issues in the laparoscopic surgery steps were considered to be the key to the problem.

[0003] Among them, the way of disconnecting the vagina under laparoscopy varies according to the doctor's personal habits, and often cannot firmly follow the principle of no tumor, so that the cancer lesions are exposed to the abdominal cavity, greatly increasing the risk of tumor cell dissemination. This issue is also emphasized in the "Several Opinions of Chinese Experts on Issues Related to Laparoscopic Surgery for Cervical Cancer" just released. How to isolate the tumor on the cervix and its surface and disconnect the vagina without tumor is a crucial link in reducing the risk of tumor dissemination. However, performing tumor-free operations based solely on the doctor's personal habits cannot guarantee the effect of disconnecting the vagina and removing the uterus without tumor every time. For example, the traditional surgical process is that after the ultrasonic knife cuts the vaginal canal, the channel leading to the cervix from the vaginal canal is completely or semi-open in the abdominal cavity. Under the squeezing of the uterine manipulator and the clamping action of the dragging clamp inserted here, there is a great possibility that cancer cells will fall and spread. Therefore, it is the goal of the present invention to ensure that the vagina is disconnected and the uterus is removed in a standardized manner without tumors to the greatest extent, that is, to reliably close the vaginal canal during the operation and perfectly complete the final step. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine cancer, which utilizes a bandage on the outer sleeve of the vaginal canal and an expansion ring placed in the inner cavity of the vaginal canal as a "splint", and pushes the expansion ring to expand radially outward through the expansion effect of an air bag, thereby tightly clamping the vaginal canal therein, and at the same time, with the help of the axial sealing function of the expansion ring and the air bag, the uterus is reliably sealed at the inner end of the expansion ring before cutting the vaginal canal during surgery, eliminating the possibility of cancer cell metastasis, and in addition, the vaginal canal to be severed is tightly fixed to the shaft tube in advance, and can be directly pulled out by the shaft tube after being severed, and the operational convenience is obvious at a glance; in addition, adjacent expansion blocks are circumferentially provided with extension blocks and / or grooves are opened, and when the expansion blocks are radially expanded, the outer periphery can be ensured to be nearly on a circumferential surface as much as possible, thereby increasing the contact area between the expansion ring surface and the vaginal canal, and enhancing the connection reliability and sealing effect.

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems of lack of blocking procedures before hysterectomy in the prior art, or poor reliability of blocking procedures, and high cancer cell metastasis, the present invention provides a uterine cancer vaginal canal blocking device, which includes a bandage, a shaft tube, an expansion ring and an air bag;

[0006] A bandage, the bandage having a connecting piece for looping and connecting two ends of the bandage, and used for looping around the outer wall of the vaginal canal during surgery;

[0007] The expansion ring is sleeved on the shaft tube and is used to be placed in the vaginal canal during surgery. The expansion ring is surrounded by a plurality of fan-shaped expansion blocks, and each expansion block is provided with an extension block along the circumferential direction, and / or a groove is provided so that adjacent expansion blocks can be mutually engaged and connected, wherein the radial dimension of the extension block is the same as the radial dimension of the expansion ring, and the radial dimension of the groove is the same as the radial dimension of the expansion ring;

[0008] The airbag is arranged between the inner ring surface of the expansion ring and the shaft tube. The airbag is connected to the air pumping device through an air tube. The pumping action of the airbag blocks and isolates the inner cavity of the vaginal tube from the position of the expansion ring, and at the same time pushes the outer periphery of the expansion ring to expand outward to press the vaginal tube against the inner ring surface of the bandage.

[0009] Furthermore, in the uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device provided by the present invention, a one-way valve structure is provided in the tracheal tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device provided by the present invention further includes a support plate, which is sleeved on the shaft tube and serves as a mounting carrier for the expansion ring and the airbag.

[0011] Furthermore, the uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device provided by the present invention also includes a slide rail and groove group, the slide rail and groove group includes a groove and a slide rail, the slide rail is radially arranged on the end face of the expansion block, and the groove is radially opened on the support plate.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to improve the reliability of clamping, the uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device provided by the present invention has convex ribs on the outer ring surface of the expansion ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device provided by the present invention also includes an anti-slip ring, which is sleeved on the shaft tube and arranged on the inner end face of the expansion ring, and the diameter of the anti-slip ring is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion ring in the unexpanded state. At the same time, the outer diameter of the bandage when it is wrapped around the outer wall of the vaginal canal is smaller than the diameter of the anti-slip ring, which is used to stop the bandage axially at the outer end face of the anti-slip ring.

[0014] The vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine cancer of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the limited technology: the present invention clamps the vaginal canal between the bandage and the expansion ring, and the inner cavity of the vaginal canal is separated by the expansion ring and the air bag. On the one hand, the vaginal canal is blocked and sealed before cutting, and on the other hand, the vaginal canal to be cut is fixed to the shaft tube in advance, which is convenient for direct pulling and removal by the shaft tube later, and the operation is safe and convenient; adjacent expansion blocks are added with extension blocks along the circumferential direction, and / or grooves are opened. When the expansion blocks expand radially, it can be ensured as much as possible that the outer periphery is nearly on a circumferential surface, thereby increasing the contact area between the expansion ring surface and the vaginal canal, and enhancing the connection reliability and sealing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the expansion ring and the air bag of a uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion ring of a vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support plate of a vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an expansion ring, an air bag, a support plate and a shaft tube of a vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine cancer.

[0020] Among them: 1. binding belt; 2. shaft tube; 3. expansion ring; 4. air bag; 5. extension block; 6. groove; 7. support plate; 70. slide groove; 71. slide rail; 8. anti-slip ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0022] It should be noted that the "inner end", "outer end", "inner end surface" and "outer end surface" mentioned in the present application all refer to the end of the surgical instrument inserted into the vaginal canal as the inner end and the other end as the outer end. These are only regulations made for the convenience of expression and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the present application.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present application provides a uterine cancer vaginal canal sealing and blocking device, which includes a bandage 1, a shaft tube 2, an expansion ring 3 and an air bag 4; the bandage 1 has a connecting piece for winding and connecting the two ends of the bandage 1, which is used to be wound around the outer wall of the vaginal canal during surgery; the expansion ring 3 is sleeved on the shaft tube 2, and is used to be placed in the vaginal canal during surgery, and the expansion ring 3 is surrounded by a plurality of fan-shaped expansion blocks, each expansion block is circumferentially provided with an extension block 5, and / or a groove 6 is provided to enable adjacent expansion blocks to be mutually engaged and connected, wherein the radial dimension of the extension block 5 is the same as the radial dimension of the expansion ring 3, and the radial dimension of the groove 6 is the same as the radial dimension of the expansion ring 3; the purpose of this arrangement is to achieve an axial sealing effect and increase the clamping strength of the vaginal canal, because: each expansion block maintains a complete ring shape in the unexpanded state, and under the expansion force of the air bag 4, each expansion block moves in its own radial direction, and at the same time of outward movement, due to the arrangement of the extension block 5 and the groove 6, the adjacent expansion blocks still maintain an overlapping state, and the labyrinth sealing mode is maintained in the axial direction;

[0024] In this embodiment, the airbag 4 is used as the expansion power source of the expansion ring 3. Figure 5 As shown, the airbag 4 is arranged between the inner ring surface of the expansion ring 3 and the shaft tube 2, and the airbag 4 is connected to the pumping device (not shown in the figure) by the trachea. The pumping action of the airbag 4 blocks and separates the inner cavity of the vaginal canal from the position of the expansion ring 3, and at the same time pushes the outer periphery of the expansion ring 3 to expand outward to press the vaginal canal against the inner ring surface of the bandage 1. In order to effectively maintain the expansion and compression state, a one-way valve structure is arranged in the tracheal pipeline;

[0025] As a further optimization solution, in order to facilitate the installation of the expansion ring 3 and accurately control the expansion path of the expansion block, this embodiment further includes a support plate 7, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the support plate 7 is sleeved on the shaft tube 2 and serves as a mounting carrier for the expansion ring 3 and the airbag 4. The support plate 7 also includes a slide rail and a slide groove group, which includes a slide groove 70 and a slide rail 71. The slide rail 71 is radially arranged on the end face of the expansion block, and the slide groove 70 is radially opened on the support plate 7.

[0026] Taking into account that the friction force increased by the mucous membrane of the inner cavity of the vaginal canal during actual operation will greatly affect the reliability of clamping, in order to improve the reliability of clamping, the outer ring surface of the expansion ring 3 is provided with convex ribs; in addition, it also includes an anti-slip ring 8, which is sleeved on the shaft tube 2 and arranged on the inner end surface of the expansion ring 3, and the diameter of the anti-slip ring 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion ring 3 in the unexpanded state. At the same time, the outer diameter of the bandage 1 when it is wrapped around the outer wall of the vaginal canal is smaller than the diameter of the anti-slip ring 8, which is used to axially stop the bandage 1 at the outer end surface of the anti-slip ring 8.

[0027] Working process and principle: the device is inserted into the vagina, and the bandage is put in through the laparoscope. The bandage is wound around the outer wall of the vaginal canal and the end of the bandage is pressed against the outer end surface of the anti-slip ring. At this time, the airbag is inflated by the air pump device. As the airbag swells, the expansion block is pushed to expand outward. Under the directional restriction of the slide rail and the slide groove, the expansion block is strictly expanded outward along the radial direction. Due to the design of the extension blocks and grooves that are interlocked and connected to each other, the adjacent expansion blocks in the axial direction are expanded at the same time. There is still overlap between the expansion blocks, forming a labyrinth sealing effect in the axial direction. In addition, the inner ring surface of the bulged airbag fits tightly against the outer wall of the shaft tube, and the outer ring surface fits tightly against the inner ring surface of the expansion ring. As a result, the lumen of the vaginal canal is effectively sealed and blocked. After the vaginal canal is subsequently cut off, the shaft tube can be pulled to remove the severed uterus. Due to the large resistance in this process, a stop anti-slip ring is specially provided in this embodiment. The outer diameter of the bandage located on the outer wall of the vaginal canal is smaller than the diameter of the stop ring, so that the bandage is axially stopped at the anti-slip ring, which can effectively prevent the bandage from slipping off.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified and replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vaginal canal blocking device for uterine cancer, characterized in that: It includes bandage, shaft tube, expansion ring and air bag; A bandage, the bandage having a connecting piece for looping and connecting two ends of the bandage, and used for looping around the outer wall of the vaginal canal during surgery; The expansion ring is sleeved on the shaft tube and is used to be placed in the vaginal canal during surgery. The expansion ring is surrounded by a plurality of fan-shaped expansion blocks, and each expansion block is provided with an extension block along the circumferential direction, and / or a groove is provided so that adjacent expansion blocks can be mutually engaged and connected, wherein the radial dimension of the extension block is the same as the radial dimension of the expansion ring, and the radial dimension of the groove is the same as the radial dimension of the expansion ring; The airbag is arranged between the inner ring surface of the expansion ring and the shaft tube. The airbag is connected to the air pumping device through an air tube. The pumping action of the airbag blocks and isolates the inner cavity of the vaginal tube from the position of the expansion ring, and at the same time pushes the outer periphery of the expansion ring to expand outward to press the vaginal tube against the inner ring surface of the bandage.

2. The vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve structure is arranged in the trachea pipeline.

3. The vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a support disk, which is sleeved on the shaft tube and serves as a mounting carrier for the expansion ring and the airbag.

4. The vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a slide rail and a slide groove group, which includes a slide groove and a slide rail. The slide rail is radially arranged on the end surface of the expansion block, and the slide groove is radially opened on the support plate.

5. The vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring surface of the expansion ring is provided with convex ribs.

6. The vaginal canal sealing and blocking device for uterine canceration according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-slip ring, which is sleeved on the shaft tube and arranged on the inner end face of the expansion ring, and the diameter of the anti-slip ring is larger than the outer diameter of the expansion ring in an unexpanded state. At the same time, the outer diameter of the bandage when it is wrapped around the outer wall of the vaginal tube is smaller than the diameter of the anti-slip ring, which is used to stop the axial direction of the bandage on the outer end face of the anti-slip ring.

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