Belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device, and relates to a belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device, the belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device comprises a balance box, a frame, a brake block, a friction plate, a straightening wheel and a spring, a balance box is inserted into the frame, wedge grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balance box, and two concave cavities are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balance box, brake blocks are clamped inside the two wedge grooves, and the two brake blocks are fixedly connected to the friction plate on one side adjacent to the frame by screws, in addition to utilizing the balance box and the frame, the invention only adds springs, brake blocks and friction plates, and does not have a complicated connecting rod transmission mechanism, thereby avoiding the problems of torque transmission and movement flexibility due to many parts, many hinge points, and easy rust at the hinges, so as to achieve the protection device with the characteristics of simple structure, flexible movement and higher braking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment and is applied to the oil extraction industry, in particular to a load-off safety protection device for a belt-type oil pumping unit. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the vast majority of domestic belt-type oil pumps are not equipped with load-off safety protection devices, posing a huge safety hazard. Among those that have been equipped with load-off safety protection devices, there are two types: one is called a vertical oil pump anti-fall device, which is composed of a load spring, a telescopic rod, a slider and a connecting rod clamping mechanism. When the load is off, the telescopic rod loses its upward pulling force, the load spring extends, pushing the slider downward, and transmitting torque to the friction plate through the connecting rod clamping mechanism, so that the friction plate clamps the oil pump column from both sides, thereby braking and preventing the oil pump balance box from falling and causing an accident; the other is called a vertical oil pump counterweight anti-fall emergency brake device, which is divided into tower rack type and frame rack type. The tower-type rack type is composed of a load spring, a suspension ring, a brake arm, a friction plate and a connecting rod reversing mechanism. When the load is off, the suspension ring loses the upward pulling force, the load spring extends, and the connecting rod reversing mechanism is driven to move. The brake arm extends outward, pushing the friction plate and the inner wall of the rack tube to brake frictionally, thereby preventing the counterweight (box) from falling. The frame-type rack type is composed of a load spring, a suspension ring, a suspension arm and a connecting rod reversing mechanism. When the load is off, the suspension ring loses the upward pulling force, the load spring extends, and the connecting rod reversing mechanism is driven to move. The suspension arm extends outward and hangs on the anti-fall hanging bar on the tower to ensure that the counterweight (box) will not fall down, thereby achieving safety protection.

[0003] Although the above two load-off safety protection devices have different braking (stopping) methods, they both have the disadvantages of complex structure, many connecting rod mechanism parts, many hinge points, easy rust at the hinges, and large load spring volume. In addition, the entire device occupies a large space, which affects the counterweight of the balance box. When the oil pump is off-loaded, the safety protection device takes effect and the counterweight (box) is braked and stopped in the air. During subsequent processing, the load belt must be lifted to lower the counterweight (box), which makes the operation difficult. In particular, the second type of vertical oil pump counterweight anti-fall emergency brake device, the frame-type rack type, adopts a method in which the suspension arm extends outward and is hung on the anti-fall hanging bar. Since the counterweight (box) is heavy and the kinetic energy impact is large, there is a greater safety risk. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a safe and reliable braking device which has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and maintain, and does not require external force but relies on the potential energy and kinetic energy of the balance box itself to generate braking force. When the oil pump is off-load, it can prevent the balance box from freely falling and damaging the equipment, causing accidents that endanger production and personal safety.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: the present invention proposes a belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device, including a balance box, a frame, a brake block, a friction plate, a straightening wheel and a spring, a balance box is inserted into the frame, wedge-shaped grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balance box, and two concave cavities are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balance box, brake blocks are clamped inside the two wedge-shaped grooves, and the two brake blocks are fixedly connected to the friction plate on one side adjacent to the frame by screws, the insides of the four concave cavities are rotatably connected to the straightening wheels through a rotating shaft, and the four straightening wheels protrude from the inside of the concave cavities and contact the inner wall of the frame, so that a certain gap is formed between the balance box and the frame to ensure that the friction plate does not contact the frame, the bottoms of the two wedge-shaped grooves are provided with concave holes, and the bottom ends of the two brake blocks are provided with seat holes corresponding to the two concave holes one by one, and the seat holes and the corresponding concave holes are combined into a cavity, and a spring is fixed inside the cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the brake block is a steel wedge block, the side of the wedge block forms a wedge angle with the vertical direction, and the wedge angle is a friction self-locking angle, and the angle of the friction self-locking angle is not greater than 8.5°.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped groove is inclined downward and inward at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, so that the brake block will not slide out automatically, and the inclination angle is greater than the self-locking angle of the wedge block. At the same time, the angle of the bottom of the wedge block is consistent with the bottom angle of the wedge-shaped groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame is the main component of the oil pump, and the frame is made of H-shaped steel and is in the shape of a column, and column surfaces are formed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the friction plate and the column surfaces on both sides of the inner wall of the frame form a friction pair for braking.

[0012] Furthermore, the axial centerline direction of the concave hole is parallel to the side direction of the wedge-shaped groove, and the axial centerline of the seat hole coincides with the axial centerline of the concave hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the friction plate is formed by splicing four friction blocks, and the four friction blocks are each provided with screw holes distributed in a rectangular array.

[0014] Furthermore, in addition to the spring, an electric motor or an electromagnetic device may be used to provide the motive force to push the brake block upward.

[0015] Furthermore, brake plates are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame, and the height and width of the brake plates are consistent with the height and width of the frame, so that the friction plate and one side of the straightening wheel are in contact with the inner wall of the brake plate.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) In addition to the use of a balance box and a frame, the present invention only adds springs, brake blocks and friction plates, and does not have a complicated connecting rod transmission mechanism, thereby avoiding the problems of torque transmission and movement flexibility caused by many parts, many hinge points, and easy corrosion at the hinges, thereby achieving a protective device with simple structure, flexible movement, and higher braking efficiency.

[0019] 2) The spring, brake block and friction plate used in the present invention have simple structural features, small quantity and are easy to process. In particular, the spring does not need to bear a large load and is much smaller in size than the first two devices, so the overall space occupied is small and the impact on the structure of the balance box is also small.

[0020] 3) The present invention is very convenient to install. It only needs to put the brake block with the friction plate installed into the wedge-shaped groove of the balance box and the spring into the seat hole. It does not require pins, keys, bolts and other connections and fixation, and is also very convenient to maintain.

[0021] 4) The present invention utilizes the principle of weightlessness of freely falling objects. Only a small spring needs to be installed, and a small force can be used to push the brake block to slide. When the friction plate on the brake block contacts the frame (or the brake plate on the frame), the friction force drives the brake block to continue sliding, thereby increasing the braking force. At the same time, through the self-locking design of the brake block, under the action of the gravity component of the balance box, the brake block is continuously squeezed, and the braking force is continuously increased until the balance box is completely braked, thereby realizing that the braking force comes from the gravity of the balance box, making the braking performance safer and more reliable.

[0022] 5) Using the principle of friction self-locking, a brake block smaller than the self-locking angle is wedged (stuck) between the balance box and the frame to prevent the balance box from falling, and the tighter it is, the safer and more reliable it is. This is a brake using the balance box's own gravity. The heavier the balance box, the greater the braking force, and no external braking force is required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device of the present invention when it works normally.

[0024] Figure 2It is a top view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional view of the brake pad of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the protection device of the present invention in the braking state.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the balance box of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device in the second embodiment of the present invention when it works normally.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a top view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device in the braking state according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1-balance box; 2-frame; 3-brake block; 4-friction plate; 5-concave hole; 6-righting wheel; 7-spring; 8-wedge groove; 9-seat hole; 10-concave cavity; 11-brake plate; 12-screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments described are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device comprises a balance box 1, a frame 2, a brake block 3, a friction plate 4, a straightening wheel 6 and a spring 7. The balance box 1 is inserted into the frame 2. The length of the balance box 1 is 1200 mm, the width is 380 mm, and the height is 180 mm. Wedge-shaped grooves 8 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balance box 1, and two concave cavities 10 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balance box 1. Brake blocks 3 are clamped inside the two wedge-shaped grooves 8, and the two brake blocks 3 are fixed to one side of the frame 2 by screws. A friction plate 4 is connected, and the interiors of the four concave cavities 10 are rotatably connected to the straightening wheels 6 through a rotating shaft, and the four straightening wheels 6 protrude from the interior of the concave cavities 10 and contact the inner wall of the frame 2, so that a certain gap is formed between the balance box 1 and the frame 2 to ensure that the friction plate 4 does not contact the frame 2, and concave holes 5 are provided at the bottoms of the two wedge-shaped grooves 8. At the same time, seat holes 9 corresponding to the two concave holes 5 are provided at the bottom ends of the two brake blocks 3, and the seat holes 9 and the corresponding concave holes 5 are combined into a cavity groove, and a spring 7 is fixed inside the cavity groove.

[0034] The axial centerline of the concave hole 5 is parallel to the side direction of the wedge-shaped groove 8 , and the axial centerline of the seat hole 9 coincides with the axial centerline of the concave hole 5 .

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the brake block 3 is a steel wedge block, the side of the wedge block forms a wedge angle with the vertical direction, and the wedge angle is a friction self-locking angle. At the same time, the friction self-locking angle of the brake block 3 is 8°, the base inclination angle is 10°, and the width is 360mm.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom surface of the wedge groove 8 is inclined downward and inward at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, so that the brake block 3 will not slide out automatically, and the inclination angle is greater than the self-locking angle of the wedge block. At the same time, the angle of the bottom of the wedge block is consistent with the bottom angle of the wedge groove 8, so that the angle of the wedge groove 8 matches that of the brake block 3.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the frame 2 is the main component of the oil pumping unit, and the frame 2 is made of H-shaped steel and is in the shape of a column. At the same time, column surfaces are formed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame 2.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the friction plate 4 forms a friction pair with the column surfaces on both sides of the inner wall of the frame 2 for braking.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the friction plate 4 has a length of 360 mm, a width of 237 mm, and a thickness of 8 mm, and is formed by splicing four friction blocks, and the four friction blocks are provided with screw holes 12 distributed in a rectangular array.

[0040] At the same time, in addition to the spring 7, an electric motor or an electromagnetic device can also be used to provide the motive force to push the brake block 3 upward.

[0041] In addition, the protection device provided in this embodiment can be applied to belt-type oil pumping units of various types of frames, and can also be applied to various vertical oil pumping units.

[0042] Specific: such as Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device when it is working normally. When the oil pump is working normally or stopped, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a static state as shown in the figure. Then, because the elastic force of the spring 7 at this time is less than the weight of the brake block 3, the brake block 3 sits on the wedge-shaped groove 8 of the balance box 1 under the action of gravity, so that the spring 7 is in a compressed state, so that the friction plate 4 does not contact the frame 2, and no braking action is generated, which can ensure that the balance box 1 as a whole can move up and down freely;

[0043] like Figure 4The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device in the braking state. When the oil pump is unloaded, the balance box 1 loses its upward pulling force and falls with gravity acceleration under the action of gravity. At this time, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a weightless state, and the force of the brake block 3 on the bottom surface of the wedge groove 8 on both sides of the balance box 1 disappears, so that the brake block 3 slides upward along the wedge surface of the wedge groove 8 under the elastic force of the spring 7. When the friction plate 4 contacts the column surface on the frame 2 to generate friction, the friction force drives the brake block 3 to continue to move upward (relative to the balance box 1) to generate a larger friction force. Since the wedge angle of the upper part of the brake block 3 is smaller than the self-locking angle, the balance box 1 will not push the brake block 3 downward along the frame 2, but squeezes the brake block 3 toward the frame 2 in the vertical plane of gravity. The tighter the pressure is, the greater the friction force is until the brake is completely applied, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents such as the balance box freely falling and damaging the equipment or causing personal injury due to the unloading of the oil pump.

[0044] Embodiment 2: Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, brake plates 11 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame 2, and the height and width of the brake plates 11 are consistent with the height and width of the frame 2, so that the friction plate 4 and one side of the straightening wheel 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the brake plate 11, and a brake pair is formed by the friction plate 4 and the brake plate 11 to complete the braking. At the same time, by installing the brake plate 11 on the frame 2, the strength of the frame 2 can be enhanced.

[0045] The brake plate 11 in this embodiment can also be replaced by a friction plate. Meanwhile, this embodiment can also be applied to other types of frames 2, such as a cylindrical frame.

[0046] Specific: such as Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device when it is working normally. When the oil pump is working normally or stopped, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a static state as shown in the figure. Then, because the elastic force of the spring 7 at this time is less than the weight of the brake block 3, the brake block 3 sits on the wedge-shaped groove 8 of the balance box 1 under the action of gravity, so that the spring 7 is in a compressed state, so that the friction plate 4 does not contact the frame 2, and no braking action is generated, which can ensure that the balance box 1 as a whole can move up and down freely;

[0047] like Figure 8The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection device in the braking state. When the oil pump is unloaded, the balance box 1 loses its upward pulling force and falls with gravity acceleration under the action of gravity. At this time, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a weightless state, and the force of the brake block 3 on the bottom surface of the wedge groove 8 on both sides of the balance box 1 disappears, so that the brake block 3 slides upward along the wedge surface of the wedge groove 8 under the elastic force of the spring 7. When the friction plate 4 contacts the brake plate 11 on the frame 2 to generate friction, the friction force drives the brake block 3 to continue to move upward (relative to the balance box 1) to generate a greater friction force. Since the wedge angle of the upper part of the brake block 3 is smaller than the self-locking angle, the balance box 1 will not push the brake block 3 downward along the frame 2, but squeeze the brake block 3 toward the frame 2 in the vertical plane of gravity. The tighter the pressure, the greater the friction until the brake is completely applied, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents such as the balance box freely falling and damaging the equipment or causing personal injury due to the unloading of the oil pump.

Claims

1. The belt-type oil pumping unit off-load safety protection device is characterized by: The invention comprises a balancing box (1), a frame (2), a brake block (3), a friction plate (4), a straightening wheel (6) and a spring (7); the balancing box (1) is inserted into the frame (2); wedge-shaped grooves (8) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balancing box (1); and two concave cavities (10) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the balancing box (1); brake blocks (3) are clamped inside the two wedge-shaped grooves (8); and the friction plates (4) are fixedly connected to the two brake blocks (3) on one side adjacent to the frame (2) by screws; and the insides of the four concave cavities (10) are rotated by a rotating shaft. The balance box (1) and the frame (2) are dynamically connected with a straightening wheel (6), and the four straightening wheels (6) protrude from the inside of the concave cavity (10) and contact the inner wall of the frame (2), so that a certain gap is formed between the balance box (1) and the frame (2), ensuring that the friction plate (4) does not contact the frame (2), the bottom of the two wedge-shaped grooves (8) are each provided with a concave hole (5), and the bottom ends of the two brake blocks (3) are each provided with a seat hole (9) corresponding to the two concave holes (5), and the seat hole (9) and the corresponding concave hole (5) are combined into a cavity, and a spring (7) is fixed inside the cavity; The brake block (3) is a steel wedge block, the side of the wedge block forms a wedge angle with the vertical direction, and the wedge angle is a friction self-locking angle, and the angle of the friction self-locking angle is not greater than 8.5°; The bottom surface of the wedge-shaped groove (8) is inclined downward and inward at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, so that the brake block (3) will not slide out automatically, and the inclination angle is greater than the self-locking angle of the wedge block, and the angle of the bottom of the wedge block is consistent with the bottom angle of the wedge-shaped groove (8); The friction plate (4) forms a friction pair with the column surfaces on both sides of the inner wall of the frame (2) for braking.

2. The belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame (2) is a main component of the oil pump, and the frame (2) is made of H-shaped steel and is in the shape of a column, and both sides of the inner wall of the frame (2) form column surfaces.

3. The belt pumping unit load-off safety protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The axis centerline direction of the concave hole (5) is parallel to the side direction of the wedge-shaped groove (8), and the axis centerline of the seat hole (9) coincides with the axis centerline of the concave hole (5).

4. The belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The friction plate (4) is formed by splicing four friction blocks, and the four friction blocks are each provided with screw holes (12) distributed in a rectangular array.

5. The belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In addition to the spring (7), an electric motor or an electromagnetic device can also be used to provide the motive force to push the brake block (3) upward.

6. The belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Braking plates (11) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the inner wall of the frame (2), and the height and width of the braking plates (11) are consistent with the height and width of the frame (2), so that the friction plate (4) and one side of the straightening wheel (6) are in contact with the inner wall of the braking plate (11).

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