A coal-feeding and material-distributing device for a fixed-bed gasifier under normal pressure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary devices for reaction furnaces, and in particular to a coal-adding flap material-distributing device for a fixed-bed gasifier at normal pressure, comprising a rotating shaft, a flap, a handle, a fixing member and three positioning structures. The rotating shaft rotates and penetrates through the side wall of the coal distributor, and is rotatably connected to the furnace top cover. The flap cover is arranged on the material discharge port and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; the handle is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft extending outside the coal distributor; the three positioning structures are respectively arranged at the top, middle and bottom of the outer wall of the coal distributor, the fixing member and the three positioning structures are all detachably connected, the handle can be clamped with the fixing member, and by installing the fixing member in different positioning structures and clamping the handle in the fixing member, the flap can be rotated and fixed to adjust the opening state of the corresponding material discharge port. The present invention can manually adjust the generator to appropriately discharge more coal in the direction of the furnace during the coal-adding process, adjust the gasification intensity, so that the material layer is evenly distributed, and reduce furnace deviation and flaming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reaction furnace auxiliary devices, and in particular to a coal-adding, flap-turning and material-distributing device for a normal-pressure fixed-bed gasifier. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric pressure fixed bed coal gasifier uses qualified anthracite, bituminous coal or coke as raw materials, and uses air and steam mixed gas as gasifier. A series of redox reactions occur at high temperature and normal pressure to produce coal gas with CO and H2 as the main combustible components. Atmospheric pressure fixed bed coal gasifier has the advantages of simple equipment flow, low operating cost, flexible production organization, etc. It is a "small, flexible and fast" equipment in the coal chemical industry, and is widely used in the production of fuel gas required by various thermal furnaces such as steel rolling furnace, annealing furnace, forging furnace, steel pipe furnace, glass furnace, aluminum melting furnace, copper furnace, ceramic furnace, etc.

[0003] At present, the gas of the atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier is usually discharged in the form of a single outlet pipe. The outlet pipe is installed on the side of the top of the furnace, and the coal feeding device is usually installed at the center of the top of the furnace. Since the installation position of the outlet pipe deviates from the center of the furnace, the airflow is concentrated to the outlet pipe, which makes the gasification reaction of the material layer near the outlet pipe intense, the coal block burns quickly, the material layer is easy to burn through, and the flame moves upward, resulting in strong combustion areas and weak combustion areas in the furnace, which is not conducive to the full combustion of coal. In addition, during the long-term operation of the coal feeder and ash discharger, due to wear, material accumulation, local blockage and other problems, uneven coal feeding and ash discharge will occur. Therefore, the above reasons are likely to cause the material layer in the furnace to be skewed after the generator has run for a certain period of time. Usually, the material level at the outlet pipe is about 600 to 800 mm lower than the other side, which affects the full combustion of coal and is not conducive to the energy-saving operation of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a coal-feeding flap-distributing device for a fixed-bed gasifier at atmospheric pressure, which can be manually adjusted to allow the gasifier to properly feed more coal in the direction of the furnace during the coal-feeding process, thereby adjusting the gasification intensity, so that the material layer is evenly distributed and the furnace deviation and flaming are reduced.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A coal-adding flap distribution device for a normal-pressure fixed-bed gasifier is installed on the inner side of a coal distributor feed port, and comprises a rotating shaft, a flap, a handle, a fixing part and three positioning structures. The rotating shaft rotates and penetrates through the side wall of the coal distributor, and the end of the rotating shaft extending into the coal distributor is rotatably connected to the furnace top cover, the flap cover is arranged on a feed port of the furnace top cover away from the gas outlet, and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; the handle is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft extending outside the coal distributor; the three positioning structures are respectively arranged on the top, middle and bottom of the outer side wall of the coal distributor, the fixing part is detachably connected to the three positioning structures, the end of the handle away from the rotating shaft can be clamped with the fixing part, and by installing the fixing part in different positioning structures and clamping the handle in the fixing part, the flap can be rotated and fixed to adjust the opening state of the corresponding feed port.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning structure is two sleeves arranged in parallel.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing member is a U-shaped rod with two ends detachably inserted into two sleeves.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft extending into the coal distributor is eccentrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the flap.

[0010] Preferably, the shape of the flap is adapted to the shape of the feed opening, and both are elliptical.

[0011] Preferably, the side walls of the coal distributor and the furnace top cover are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft via an axle seat.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing sleeve sleeved on the rotating shaft is installed in the shaft seat on the side wall of the coal distributor.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention provides a coal-adding flap material-distributing device for a fixed-bed gas generator at normal pressure. The handle can be turned to drive the flap to rotate and the flap at three flipping angles can be fixed by fixing parts and a positioning mechanism, so that the opening state of the discharge port away from the gas outlet can be adjusted according to the flaming situation of the generator, so that the generator can appropriately discharge more coal in the direction away from the furnace during the coal adding process, adjust the gasification intensity, and make the material layer evenly distributed, thereby reducing furnace deviation and flaming; the even distribution of the material layer can also reduce the coal consumption of the same furnace type equipment from 300 kg / hour to 262.5 kg / hour under the same operating load, and the energy-saving effect is obvious. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the exterior of the coal distributor when the discharge port is half-opened according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a normal pressure fixed bed coal gasifier in the prior art during operation;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a top view of the exterior of the coal distributor when the discharge port is half-opened;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a front view of the exterior of the coal distributor when the discharge port is half-opened;

[0019] Figure 5 It is an overall schematic diagram of the interior of the coal distributor when the discharge port is closed according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a side view of the interior of the coal distributor when the discharge port is closed according to the present invention.

[0021] In the attached drawings, 11, rotating shaft; 12, flap; 121, connecting rod; 13, handle; 14, fixing part; 15, positioning structure; 2, coal distributor; 3, coal adding system; 4, generator; 41, material layer; 42, gas outlet; 5, furnace top cover; 51, feed port; 6, shaft seat; 61, sealing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] See also Figure 1-4The coal-feeding flap distribution device for a normal-pressure fixed-bed gasifier provided in this embodiment is installed on the inner side of the feed port of the coal distributor 2, and includes a rotating shaft 11, a flap 12, a handle 13, a fixing part 14 and three positioning structures 15. The rotating shaft 11 passes through the side wall of the coal distributor 2 and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the coal distributor 2 through the shaft seat 6. The end of the rotating shaft 11 extending into the coal distributor 2 is also rotatably connected to the furnace top cover 5 through the shaft seat 6; wherein, a sealing shaft sleeve 61 sleeved on the rotating shaft 11 is installed in the shaft seat 6 on the side wall of the coal distributor 2 to prevent the gas in the coal distributor 2 from leaking out along the gap between the rotating shaft 11 and the shaft seat 6.

[0026] The flap 12 is arranged on the discharge port 51 of the furnace top cover 5 away from the gas outlet 42, and is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 11 extending into the coal distributor 2, wherein the shape of the flap 12 is adapted to the shape of the discharge port 51, both are elliptical, and the plane size of the flap 12 is slightly larger than the size of the discharge port 51; the handle 13 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 11 extending outside the coal distributor 2, preferably, the handle 13, the flap 12 and the rotating shaft 11 are all made of metal materials, such as iron or steel, so that the handle 13 and the flap 12 can be welded and fixed to the rotating shaft 11 to improve the overall strength and durability to adapt to the working environment.

[0027] The three positioning structures 15 are respectively arranged at the top, middle and bottom of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2, and the fixing member 14 and the three positioning structures 15 are detachably connected. The end of the handle 13 away from the rotating shaft 11 can be clamped with the fixing member 14. By installing the fixing member 14 on different positioning structures 15 and clamping the handle 13 on the fixing member 14, the flap 12 can be rotated and fixed to adjust the opening state of the corresponding discharge port 51. Preferably, the positioning structure 15 is two sleeves arranged in parallel, the inner diameters of the two sleeves are the same, and the lengths are both less than the length of the portion of the rotating shaft 11 extending outside the coal distributor 2, so as to prevent the sleeves from hindering the rotation of the handle 13. Among them, the two sleeves arranged at the top of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 are horizontally welded in parallel on the coal distributor 2 just above the rotating shaft 11, the two sleeves arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 are vertically welded in parallel on the coal distributor 2 at a 45-degree angle to the rotating shaft 11, and the two sleeves arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 are horizontally welded in parallel on the coal distributor 2 at a 110-degree angle to the rotating shaft. Correspondingly, the fixing member 14 is a U-shaped rod with two ends detachably plugged into the two sleeves. The U-shaped rod is made of an iron round rod bent into a U shape. The diameter of the U-shaped rod is the same as the inner diameter of the sleeve, which can reduce the shaking of the U-shaped rod. When the handle 13 is turned to rotate the flap 12 to the required angle, the projection of the handle 13 on the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 is just between the two sleeves. At this time, the U-shaped rod can be put on the handle 13, and the two ends of the U-shaped rod are respectively inserted into the two sleeves, thereby limiting the rotation of the rotating shaft 11.

[0028] It should be noted that the coal-loading flap distribution device for the atmospheric pressure fixed-bed gas generator provided in this embodiment corresponds to the discharge port 51 of the furnace top cover 5 away from the gas outlet 42, and in this embodiment, there are four discharge ports 51 on the furnace top cover 5 and they are symmetrically arranged. Therefore, the number of the coal-loading flap distribution device for the atmospheric pressure fixed-bed gas generator provided in this embodiment is set to two, which respectively correspond to the two discharge ports 51 away from the gas outlet 42.

[0029] See also Figure 5 and 6 In another embodiment, an L-shaped connecting rod 121 is welded to one end of the rotating shaft 11 extending into the coal distributor 2, and the end of the connecting rod 121 away from the rotating shaft 11 extends downward and is eccentrically welded to the upper surface of the flap 12. Compared with connecting the flap 12 from one side of the flap 12, connecting the flap 12 from the top of the flap 12 can shorten the horizontal distance from the center of gravity of the flap 12 to the rotating shaft 11, reduce the gravitational torque of the flap 12, and thus enable the rotating shaft 11 to be rotated by the handle 13 more effortlessly.

[0030] Working process and principle of the present invention:

[0031] When no flame is seen when looking into the generator 4, it indicates that the material layer 41 in the generator 4 is evenly distributed. First, turn the handle 13 to drive the flap 12 to rotate via the rotating shaft 11 until the flap 12 forms a 90-degree angle with the furnace top cover 5, i.e., the material discharge port 51 is fully opened. At this time, the projection of the handle 13 on the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 is just located between the two sleeves at the top of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2. Then, put a U-shaped rod on the handle 13, and insert the two ends of the U-shaped rod into the above-mentioned two sleeves respectively to limit the rotation of the rotating shaft 11. When the coal adding system 3 discharges coal through the coal distributor 2, there is no obstruction, thereby maintaining the even distribution of the material layer 41 in the generator 4.

[0032] When a large flame is seen when looking into the generator 4, it indicates that the material layer 41 in the generator 4 is greatly skewed. First, turn the handle 13 to drive the flap 12 to rotate via the rotating shaft 11 until the flap 12 and the furnace top cover 5 form an angle of 0 degrees, i.e., the discharge port 51 is completely closed. Then, the two ends of the U-shaped rod are respectively inserted into the two sleeves at the bottom of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 so that the handle 13 can be supported on the U-shaped rod. When the coal adding system 3 discharges coal through the coal distributor 2, the discharge port 51 away from the gas outlet 42 can be completely blocked, so that the coal blocks can only enter the generator 4 through the discharge port 51 close to the gas outlet 42, and fall into the low position of the material layer 41 in the generator 4, so that the material layer 41 is redistributed evenly.

[0033] When you peek into the generator 4 and see a small flame, it means that there is a small deviation in the material layer 41 in the generator 4. First, turn the handle 13 to drive the flap 12 to rotate through the rotating shaft 11 until the flap 12 and the furnace top cover 5 form a 45-degree angle, that is, the unloading port 51 is half-open. At this time, the projection of the handle 13 on the outer wall of the coal distributor 2 is just located between the two sleeves in the middle of the outer wall of the coal distributor 2. Then put the U-shaped rod on the handle 13, and insert the two ends of the U-shaped rod into the above-mentioned two sleeves respectively to limit the rotation of the rotating shaft 11. When the coal adding system 3 unloads coal through the coal distributor 2, some coal blocks can roll downward along the flap 12 and fall into the low position of the material layer 41 in the generator 4 under the action of inertia, so that the material layer 41 is redistributed evenly.

[0034] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal-feeding flap distribution device for a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier, installed on the inner side of a feed inlet of a coal distributor (2), characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotating shaft (11), a flap (12), a handle (13), a fixing member (14) and three positioning structures (15); the rotating shaft (11) rotates and penetrates the side wall of the coal distributor (2); and the end of the rotating shaft (11) extending into the coal distributor (2) is rotatably connected to the furnace top cover (5); the flap (12) is arranged on a feed opening (51) of the furnace top cover (5) away from the gas outlet (42), and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (11); the handle (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (11) extending outside the coal distributor (2); the three positioning structures (15) are respectively arranged outside the coal distributor (2) and the fixing member (14) is fixedly connected to the fixing member (14) and the fixing member (15 ... The top, middle and bottom of the side wall, the fixing member (14) and the three positioning structures (15) are all detachably connected, and the end of the handle (13) away from the rotating shaft (11) can be clamped with the fixing member (14). By installing the fixing member (14) on different positioning structures (15) and clamping the handle (13) in the fixing member (14), the flap (12) can be rotated and fixed to adjust the opening state of the corresponding discharge port (51); the positioning structure (15) is two sleeves arranged in parallel; the end of the rotating shaft (11) extending into the coal distributor (2) is eccentrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the flap (12).

2. The coal-feeding and material-distributing device for a fixed-bed gasifier at atmospheric pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member (14) is a U-shaped rod with two ends detachably inserted into two sleeves.

3. The coal-feeding and material-distributing device for a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the flap (12) is adapted to the shape of the feed opening (51), and both are elliptical.

4. The coal-feeding and material-distributing device for a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the coal distributor (2) and the furnace top cover (5) are both rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (11) via a shaft seat (6).

5. The device for feeding coal and distributing materials in a fixed bed gasifier under normal pressure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing shaft sleeve (61) sleeved on the rotating shaft (11) is installed in the shaft seat (6) on the side wall of the coal distributor (2).

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