A vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method based on ABAQUS platform considering road roughness

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of vehicle-bridge system dynamics analysis, and specifically relates to a vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method based on the ABAQUS platform that considers road surface unevenness. The initial model of the vehicle and bridge is established using the ABAQUS software, and the model is output as an .inp file. A function of the road surface elevation with the vehicle's forward distance is generated in the MATLAB software, and the ordinate values ​​of the road surface components in the initial bridge model are replaced to generate a new .inp file for vehicle-bridge system calculation and analysis. The present invention utilizes the powerful dynamic solution function of ABAQUS to intuitively establish a vehicle-bridge coupling model, avoiding the need to write a large amount of dynamic equation codes. At the same time, the factor of road surface unevenness is considered in subsequent analysis, thereby ensuring the accuracy of numerical calculations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of vehicle-bridge system dynamics analysis, and in particular relates to a vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method based on an ABAQUS platform and taking into account road surface irregularities. Background Art

[0002] The main live load of the bridge structure during operation is the load of moving vehicles. When a vehicle travels on the bridge deck at a certain speed, the vibration of the vehicle and the vibration of the bridge affect each other, which is called vehicle-bridge coupled vibration. Some bridge accidents are caused by the vibration of moving vehicles. Therefore, in addition to meeting the static design strength, the bridge should also have good dynamic working performance to ensure driving safety and driver comfort.

[0003] At present, the main analysis methods for vehicle-bridge coupling are (1) field test method, (2) theoretical analysis method, and (3) numerical simulation method.

[0004] Field tests require complicated preparations, have high economic and time costs, and a single test may not be universally representative; theoretical analysis methods are only applicable to simple models; numerical simulation methods treat the vehicle-bridge coupling problem as two interrelated motion equation systems, one for bridge vibration analysis and the other for vehicle vibration analysis, using the coordination of wheel and bridge deck vertical displacement to consider the contact between the vehicle and the bridge deck, and solving this equation system by writing a specific program. With the development of commercial analysis software, researchers can avoid compiling complex special programs and use its mature pre-processing and solver modules to achieve visual modeling of bridge structures and analysis of vehicle-bridge coupling problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method based on the ABAQUS platform taking into account the uneven road surface, aiming to solve the problems of complex modeling, low calculation efficiency, and inconsistency between simulation and actual conditions in vehicle-bridge coupling problems.

[0006] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method based on the ABAQUS platform taking into account the uneven road surface. The initial model of the vehicle and bridge is established using the ABAQUS software and output as a .inp file. The function of the road elevation with the vehicle's forward distance is generated in the MATLAB software, and the ordinate values ​​of the road surface components in the initial bridge model are replaced to generate a new .inp file for vehicle-bridge system calculation and analysis.

[0007] The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step (1): Establish a vehicle model in ABAQUS software and set vehicle parameters;

[0009] Step (2): Establish bridge and road surface models in ABAQUS software and set relevant attribute parameters such as geometry and material;

[0010] Step (3): Assemble in ABAQUS software, set analysis steps and divide the mesh;

[0011] Step (4): Define the contact between the wheel and the road surface in ABAQUS software, set the load and boundary conditions, and generate the Job-0.inp file;

[0012] Step (5): extract the node numbers and coordinates of the components in the Job-0.inp file and save them as data1, data2, and data3, which contain the relevant data of the upper bridge approach, the main bridge, and the lower bridge approach, respectively;

[0013] Step (6): Run the createrough.m file that uses the harmonic superposition method to simulate road surface roughness in MATLAB software to generate road surface roughness data and save it as m.mat;

[0014] Step (7): Run the changedata.m file in MATLAB software with inputs of data1, data2, data3 and the roughness data m.mat generated by createrough.m, replace the node vertical coordinates in step (5) with the roughness data in step (6), and generate newdata1, newdata2, newdata3;

[0015] Step (8): Run the writeinp.m file in MATLAB software with the input of the starting and ending line numbers of the component node information in Job-0.inp, replace the corresponding components in Job-0.inp with newdata1, newdata2, and newdata3, and generate Job-1.inp;

[0016] Step (9): Submit Job-1.inp in ABAQUS software for calculation and analysis.

[0017] Step (1) is specifically as follows:

[0018] Step (11): In the component module of ABAQUS software, the vehicle body is modeled as a three-dimensional linear discrete rigid body according to the vehicle geometry;

[0019] Step (12): In the property module of ABAQUS software, set a reference point at the center of gravity of the vehicle and assign inertial properties, including mass and moment of inertia parameters;

[0020] Step (13): In the interaction module of ABAQUS software, set the wheel reference point and the contact reference point, assign mass to the wheel reference point, assign springs and dampers to the connection between the wheel reference point and the contact reference point, and assign springs and dampers to the connection between the wheel reference point and the vehicle body.

[0021] Step (3) is specifically as follows:

[0022] Step (31): during assembly and meshing, the upper bridge approach road surface, the main bridge deck, and the lower bridge approach road surface have continuous meshes of the same size at the wheel tracks;

[0023] Step (32): set two analysis steps, the first one is a static general analysis step, and the second one is a dynamic implicit analysis step;

[0024] Step (33): Limit the maximum incremental step size of the dynamic implicit analysis step.

[0025] Step (4) is specifically as follows:

[0026] Step (41): Create an interaction property and set its normal behavior to hard contact;

[0027] Step (42): setting the interaction between the wheel and the road surface, selecting the bridge surface as the main contact surface, and selecting the contact reference point as the secondary contact surface;

[0028] Step (43): Release all vertical degrees of freedom of the vehicle, and the other degrees of freedom are determined according to the inertial properties assigned in step (12).

[0029] In step (5), data1 indicates that the component is the upper bridge approach road surface data, data2 indicates that the component is the main bridge deck data, and data3 indicates that the component is the lower bridge approach road surface data, which includes the component node number and coordinate information.

[0030] The input of the createrough.m file in step (6) that uses the harmonic superposition method to simulate road surface roughness includes the road surface roughness coefficient, grid size and road surface length; the output of the createrough.m file is a set of zero-mean stationary Gauss random processes generated by the harmonic superposition method, that is, the road surface elevation.

[0031] Step (7) is specifically as follows:

[0032] Step (71): the changedata.m file is used to automatically replace node coordinates. Its input is data1, data2, data3 and the unevenness data m.mat generated by createrough.m. Before replacing the coordinates, the m.mat data is divided into three corresponding sections according to the number of nodes that need to be replaced in data1, data2, and data3. The program first groups the node information according to the vertical coordinates, selects the road surface and bridge deck nodes that need to be replaced, and then groups these nodes according to the horizontal coordinates to form several columns of wheel tracks. Finally, the vertical coordinates are replaced with the unevenness data in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the wheel track. newdata1, newdata2, and newdata3 are the component information of the upper bridge approach road surface, the main bridge deck, and the lower bridge approach road surface containing uneven road surface respectively.

[0033] Step (72): The end of the road surface before going up the bridge and the beginning of the bridge deck have the same elevation; the beginning of the road surface after going down the bridge and the end of the bridge deck have the same elevation.

[0034] Step (8) is specifically:

[0035] Step (81): writeinp.m file is used to automatically modify the original inp file, and its input is the start and end line numbers of the node information of the component in Job-0.inp;

[0036] Step (82): The output of the writeinp.m file is Job-1.inp.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0038] The present invention utilizes MATLAB software programming to generate road surface unevenness data, and quickly modifies ABAQUS node coordinates to simulate actual road conditions, and then submits the data to ABAQUS software for calculation. The present invention utilizes the powerful dynamic solution function of ABAQUS software to intuitively establish a vehicle-bridge coupling model, and at the same time considers the factor of road surface unevenness in subsequent analysis, thereby ensuring the accuracy of numerical calculation.

[0039] The present invention uses ABAQUS software to establish an initial model for vehicle-bridge model coupling analysis, wherein the vehicle is established using a three-dimensional linear discrete rigid body, and the model is simplified to ensure compliance with actual conditions.

[0040] The present invention organically combines the advantages of MATLAB software in programming and data processing with finite element analysis of ABAQUS software, uniformly sets all parameters of road surface unevenness in MATLAB, avoids writing a large number of codes for dynamic equations, and realizes efficient and accurate vehicle-bridge coupling modeling and analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method taking into account road surface irregularities based on the ABAQUS platform.

[0042] Figure 2 The ABAQUS software vehicle model provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 An ABAQUS software bridge model is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 A global rendering of the initial model of ABAQUS software is provided for the embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 The file structure of data.2 provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 A set of elevation versus distance curves of uneven data is provided for the embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 The file structure of newdata2 provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 A vehicle-bridge coupling model taking into account road irregularities is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] like Figure 1-8 As shown in the figure, a vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method considering road surface irregularities based on the ABAQUS platform specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] The establishment of the vehicle model takes a standard five-axle vehicle as an example. Figure 2 As shown,

[0052] In the component module of ABAQUS, the car body is modeled as a three-dimensional linear discrete rigid body according to the size of the vehicle. Here, the car body is divided into the front and rear, and they are assembled to form a whole vehicle. In the property module, the mass and moment of inertia are assigned to the center of gravity of the car body. The tire is represented by a reference point, a suspension is created between the tire and the car body, a corresponding contact reference point is set below the tire reference point, and spring and damping connectors are created for the tire reference point and the contact reference point to simulate a real tire.

[0053] The establishment of the bridge model takes a common hollow slab beam bridge as an example. Figure 3 As shown,

[0054] In the component module of ABAQUS software, according to the actual size of the bridge, a three-dimensional solid unit is used to build the bridge, and the material and section properties are assigned to it in the property module. Similarly, the upper bridge approach road surface model and the lower bridge approach road surface model are established.

[0055] In ABAQUS software, all components are assembled in the assembly module.

[0056] In the ABAQUS software, two analysis steps are set in the analysis step module. The first one is the static general analysis step, and the second one is the implicit dynamics analysis step.

[0057] In the ABAQUS software, create a new contact attribute named int-1 in the interaction module and set its normal behavior to hard contact. Set contact for the road surface and the wheel, with the master surface as the road surface and the slave surface as the contact reference point.

[0058] In the load module of ABAQUS software, gravity is applied at the center of gravity of the vehicle body and the reference point of the wheels to release all vertical degrees of freedom of the vehicle. The other degrees of freedom are determined according to the corresponding inertial properties.

[0059] In the mesh module of ABAQUS software, meshes are divided for each component.

[0060] The job module in ABAQUS software writes the input file to generate Job-0.inp. The initial model in ABAQUS is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0061] Extract the node numbers and coordinates of the parts in the Job-0.inp file and save them as data1, data2, and data3. Figure 5 This is the file structure of data.2.

[0062] Run the createrough.m file in MATLAB software to generate road roughness data and save it as m.mat. Figure 6 It is a curve of elevation versus distance for a set of uneven data.

[0063] Run the changedata.m file in MATLAB software to replace the node ordinates of the original component with the uneven data and generate newdata1, newdata2, and newdata3. Figure 7 This is the file structure of newdata2.

[0064] Run the writeinp.m file in MATLAB software, replace the corresponding components in Job-0.inp with newdata1, newdata2, and newdata3, and generate Job-1.inp. Figure 8 This is a vehicle-bridge coupling model with uneven road surface.

[0065] Submit Job-1.inp in ABAQUS for analysis and calculation.

[0066] The present invention utilizes MATLAB to generate road surface irregularities and conveniently and quickly modify the .inp file, utilizes ABAQUS to establish a vehicle-bridge coupling model and perform calculations, avoids writing a large number of codes for dynamic equations, and realizes efficient and accurate vehicle-bridge coupling modeling and analysis.

Claims

1. A vehicle-bridge coupling analysis method based on ABAQUS platform considering road surface irregularities, characterized in that: The initial models of the vehicle and bridge were established using ABAQUS software and exported as .inp files. The function of the road elevation and the vehicle's forward distance was generated in MATLAB software, and the ordinate values ​​of the road components in the initial bridge model were replaced to generate a new .inp file for vehicle-bridge system calculation and analysis. The method specifically comprises the following steps: Step (1): Establish a vehicle model in ABAQUS software and set vehicle parameters; Step (2): Establish bridge and pavement models in ABAQUS software and set geometry and material related property parameters; Step (3): Assemble in ABAQUS software, set analysis steps and divide the mesh; Step (4): Define the contact between the wheel and the road surface in ABAQUS software, set the load and boundary conditions, and generate the Job-0.inp file; Step (5): extract the node numbers and coordinates of the components in the Job-0.inp file and save them as data1, data2, and data3, which contain the relevant data of the upper bridge approach, the main bridge, and the lower bridge approach, respectively; Step (6): Run the createrough.m file that uses the harmonic superposition method to simulate road surface roughness in MATLAB software to generate road surface roughness data and save it as m.mat; Step (7): Run the changedata.m file in MATLAB software with inputs of data1, data2, data3 and the roughness data m.mat generated by createrough.m, replace the node vertical coordinates in step (5) with the roughness data in step (6), and generate newdata1, newdata2, newdata3; Step (8): Run the writeinp.m file in MATLAB software with the input of the starting and ending line numbers of the component node information in Job-0.inp, replace the corresponding components in Job-0.inp with newdata1, newdata2, and newdata3, and generate Job-1.inp; Step (9): Submit Job-1.inp in ABAQUS software for calculation and analysis; Step (1) is specifically as follows: Step (11): In the component module of ABAQUS software, the vehicle body is modeled as a three-dimensional linear discrete rigid body according to the vehicle geometry; Step (12): In the property module of ABAQUS software, set a reference point at the center of gravity of the vehicle and assign inertial properties, including mass and moment of inertia parameters; Step (13): In the interaction module of ABAQUS software, set the wheel reference point and the contact reference point, assign mass to the wheel reference point, assign spring and damping to the connection between the wheel reference point and the contact reference point, and assign spring and damping to the connection between the wheel reference point and the vehicle body; The input of the createrough.m file for simulating road roughness by using the harmonic superposition method in step (6) includes the road roughness coefficient, the grid size and the road length; the output of the createrough.m file is a set of zero-mean stationary Gauss random processes of various states generated by the harmonic superposition method, that is, the road elevation; Step (7) is specifically as follows: Step (71): the changedata.m file is used to automatically replace the node coordinates. Its input is data1, data2, data3 and the roughness data m.mat generated by createrough.m. newdata1, newdata2 and newdata3 are the component information of the upper bridge approach road surface, the main bridge deck and the lower bridge approach road surface containing roughness respectively. Step (72): The end of the road surface before going up the bridge and the beginning of the bridge deck have the same elevation; the beginning of the road surface after going down the bridge and the end of the bridge deck have the same elevation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step (3) is specifically as follows: Step (31): during assembly and meshing, the upper bridge approach road surface, the main bridge deck, and the lower bridge approach road surface have continuous meshes of the same size at the wheel tracks; Step (32): set two analysis steps, the first one is a static general analysis step, and the second one is a dynamic implicit analysis step; Step (33): Limit the maximum incremental step size of the dynamic implicit analysis step.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Step (4) is specifically as follows: Step (41): Create an interaction property and set its normal behavior to hard contact; Step (42): setting the interaction between the wheel and the road surface, selecting the bridge surface as the main contact surface, and selecting the contact reference point as the secondary contact surface; Step (43): Release all vertical degrees of freedom of the vehicle, and the other degrees of freedom are determined according to the inertial properties assigned in step (12).

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (5), data1 indicates that the component is the upper bridge approach road surface data, data2 indicates that the component is the main bridge deck data, and data3 indicates that the component is the lower bridge approach road surface data, which includes the component node number and coordinate information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Step (8) is specifically: Step (81): writeinp.m file is used to automatically modify the original inp file, and its input is the start and end line numbers of the node information of the component in Job-0.inp; Step (82): The output of the writeinp.m file is Job-1.inp.

Images