A method and system for preparing metal matrix composite sheet

Abstract

The present invention provides a preparation method and system device of a metal-based composite plate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cooling a metal-based melt to a semi-solid slurry, mixing the mixture with reinforcing particles, and performing casting and rolling after electromagnetic vibration to obtain a metal-based composite plate with small grains. The preparation method can improve the mechanical properties of the metal-based composite plate, reduce the grain size of the composite plate, and improve the tensile strength and elongation at break. The system device used for the preparation method comprises a mixing device, an outlet channel arranged on one side of the lower part of the mixing device, and an electromagnetic vibration device and a casting and rolling device connected to the outlet channel and arranged in sequence. The device has a simple structure and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material forming, and in particular to a preparation method and system device of a metal-based composite plate. Background Art

[0002] Continuous casting and rolling of metal alloys refers to the process in which the metal alloy melt is rolled and deformed while being continuously cast and solidified. The liquid metal alloy is directly poured into the gap between the rolls. The rolls act as a crystallizer and simultaneously roll and deform the metal. This process is also called liquid rolling or ingot rolling. The distance from the front edge of the feed nozzle to the center line of the casting roll is called the casting and rolling zone. When the liquid metal enters the casting and rolling zone through the feed nozzle, it immediately meets the two rotating casting rolls. The heat of the liquid metal is continuously transferred to the casting roll from a direction perpendicular to the casting roll surface, causing the temperature of the liquid metal attached to the surface of the casting roll to drop sharply. Therefore, the liquid metal is cooled, crystallized, and solidified on the surface of the casting roll. As the casting roll continues to rotate, the heat of the liquid metal continues to be transferred to the casting and rolling, and is continuously taken away by the cooling water in the casting roll. The crystals continue to grow into the liquid, and the solidified layer thickens accordingly. The liquid metal contacts the two casting rolls at basically the same time and crystallizes at the same time. The crystallization process and conditions are the same, and the speed and thickness of the solidified layer are formed at the same time. When the thickness of the solidified layer on both sides gradually increases with the rotation of the casting rolls and meets below the center line of the two casting rolls, the casting process is completed. The solidified structure is then rolled by the two casting rolls and given a certain rolling processing rate. The liquid metal is cast and rolled into a cast plate. This is the basic principle of continuous casting and rolling.

[0003] Particle-reinforced metal matrix composites are metal matrix composites that include metal or alloy matrices reinforced with carbide, nitride, graphite and other particles. The matrix metal and reinforcing particles can be selected according to the working conditions. Commonly used particles include silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, titanium boride, boron nitride and graphite. The particle size is generally 3.5 to 10 μm. There are also particles <3.5 μm and 30 μm, and the content range is 5% to 75%, depending on the needs. The metal matrix includes aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, iron and their alloys. The manufacturing methods include powder metallurgy, casting, vacuum pressure impregnation and co-spray deposition. It can be made into parts directly, or it can be made into ingots and then hot extruded, forged, rolled, etc.

[0004] CN105312520B discloses a continuous casting and rolling method for manufacturing silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite profiles. Silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite slurry is prepared by a mechanical stirring method, and the slurry is continuously and evenly injected into a casting and rolling molten pool composed of two casting and rolling roller units through a distribution component to achieve continuous casting and rolling of silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite profiles. However, the grains of the metal alloy are coarse and the mechanical properties of the metal alloy cast-rolled plate are poor.

[0005] CN110935852A discloses a continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composite material plate and strip preparation equipment and method, wherein the manufacturing equipment includes a fiber wire feeding mechanism, a casting front box, a casting and rolling mechanism, and a cooling system. The fiber wire feeding mechanism is provided with a front pressure plate, a rear pressure plate and a fiber protection gas circulation system, and has fiber gas protection and tensioning functions, but the metal alloy has coarse grains and the mechanical properties of the metal alloy cast and rolled plate are poor.

[0006] CN1325197C discloses a twin-roller ultra-high-speed continuous casting machine for magnesium thin plate and strip, which is composed of a solidification roll, a forming roll, and an integrated front box overflow nozzle. It is a twin-roller continuous casting machine that relies on rotating solidification rolls to drag liquid metal. Solidification and forming of the magnesium thin plate and strip are completed at different positions on the solidification roll and the forming roll respectively. However, the grains of the metal alloy are coarse and the mechanical properties of the metal alloy cast and rolled plate are poor.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for preparing fine-grained metal-based composite sheets to improve the mechanical properties of metal-based composite sheets. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The preparation method comprises mixing a semi-solid slurry and a reinforcing particle body, and then subjecting the mixture to electromagnetic vibration and then casting and rolling to obtain a metal-based composite plate material with small grains. The system device used for the preparation method comprises a mixing device, an outlet channel, an electromagnetic vibration device and a casting and rolling device, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the metal-based composite plate material, reducing the grain size of the composite plate material, and improving the tensile strength and elongation at break.

[0009] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a metal matrix composite plate, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) cooling the metal-based melt to a semi-solid state to obtain a semi-solid slurry;

[0012] (2) mixing the semi-solid slurry and the reinforcement particles to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase;

[0013] (3) The semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase is subjected to electromagnetic vibration and then cast and rolled to obtain a metal-based composite plate.

[0014] The present invention cools the metal-based melt to a semi-solid state to obtain a semi-solid slurry, at which point the temperature is above the solid-liquid two-phase region in the phase diagram, and the semi-solid slurry still has good fluidity; the semi-solid slurry and the reinforcing particles are mixed to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase, at which point the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase contains liquid metal, a primary metal matrix phase and solid reinforcing particles, and the solid reinforcing particles, as heterogeneous nucleation particles, can play a heterogeneous nucleation role, increase the nucleation position of the metal matrix, and promote grain refinement; the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcing phase is subjected to electromagnetic vibration, so that mechanical waves or mechanical disturbances are loaded on the slurry to be solidified, and the grains to be thixoformed and crystallized are broken by the action of mechanical transverse waves, so as to further refine the grains, and then cast and rolled to obtain a metal-based composite plate with a small grain size, a near-net shape, improved tensile strength and elongation at break, and improved mechanical properties.

[0015] Preferably, the semi-solid slurry in step (1) contains liquid metal and a primary metal matrix phase.

[0016] Preferably, the metal in step (1) comprises any one of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy or iron alloy, or a combination of at least two of them, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are: a combination of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy, a combination of titanium alloy and copper alloy, a combination of titanium alloy, copper alloy and iron alloy, etc.

[0017] The metal-based melt described in the present invention includes a pure metal melt or a metal alloy melt. The metal alloy melt is not limited to containing only metals, but may also contain non-metallic substances, as long as it is an alloy melt with metal elements as the main body. The alloy may be, for example, AZ91D magnesium alloy, AZ31D magnesium alloy or 7075 aluminum alloy.

[0018] Preferably, the molten metal-based melt is kept warm before the temperature is lowered.

[0019] In the present invention, the molten metal-based melt is kept warm before being cooled down in order to promote the uniformity of the melt composition and stabilize the melt state in the liquid phase region.

[0020] Preferably, the insulation time is 15 to 25 min, for example, it can be 15 min, 16 min, 17 min, 18 min, 19 min, 20 min, 21 min, 22 min, 23 min, 24 min or 25 min.

[0021] Preferably, the mixing in step (2) is carried out under stirring.

[0022] Preferably, the stirring time is 1 to 120 min, for example, it can be 1 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, 60 min, 70 min, 80 min, 90 min, 100 min, 110 min or 120 min, etc., preferably 5 to 60 min.

[0023] Preferably, the stirring comprises mechanical stirring and / or ultrasonic stirring.

[0024] Preferably, the rotation speed of the mechanical stirring is 1 to 3000 r / min, for example, it can be 1 r / min, 10 r / min, 100 r / min, 300 r / min, 500 r / min, 800 r / min, 1000 r / min, 1500 r / min, 2000 r / min, 2500 r / min or 3000 r / min, etc., preferably 5 to 200 r / min.

[0025] Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20 to 130 kHz, for example, it can be 20 kHz, 30 kHz, 40 kHz, 50 kHz, 60 kHz, 70 kHz, 80 kHz, 90 kHz, 100 kHz, 110 kHz, 120 kHz or 130 kHz.

[0026] Preferably, the reinforced particulate body comprises any one of carbide, nitride, oxide, carbon fiber, glass fiber, graphene, carbon nanotube or graphite or a combination of at least two thereof, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are: a combination of carbide and nitride, a combination of oxide and carbon fiber, a combination of oxide and graphite, a combination of glass fiber, graphene and carbon nanotube, etc.

[0027] The carbide in the present invention can be either a single carbide or a mixture of multiple carbides, and is not particularly limited herein.

[0028] The nitride in the present invention may be a single carbide or a mixture of multiple nitrides, and is not particularly limited herein.

[0029] The oxide in the present invention may be a single carbide or a mixture of multiple oxides, and is not particularly limited herein.

[0030] Preferably, the carbide includes silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide or tungsten carbide.

[0031] Preferably, the nitride includes boron nitride, phosphorus nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, magnesium nitride, aluminum nitride, manganese nitride or zirconium nitride.

[0032] Preferably, the oxide includes titanium oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or tungsten oxide.

[0033] Preferably, the particle size of the reinforced particles is 0.1 to 200 μm, for example, 0.1 μm, 1 μm, 10 μm, 30 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 130 μm, 150 μm, 180 μm or 200 μm, preferably 5 to 100 μm.

[0034] Preferably, the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the reinforced particles is (200-1.5):1, for example, it can be 200:1, 180:1, 150:1, 130:1, 100:1, 50:1, 25:1, 20:1, 15:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1 or 1.5:1, etc., and is preferably (20-4):1.

[0035] The mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the reinforced particles in the present invention is (200-1.5):1, which can ensure that the metal matrix composite plate has a sufficient volume fraction of the particle reinforcement phase and avoid the difficulty of casting and rolling caused by the low fluidity of the mixed slurry.

[0036] Preferably, the volume solid fraction of the semi-solid slurry is 1 to 80%, for example, it can be 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 80%, etc., preferably 12 to 30%.

[0037] The volume solid phase ratio of the semi-solid slurry in the present invention is 1-80%, which can ensure the thixoforming characteristics of the semi-solid slurry and avoid the difficulty in forming the cast and rolled plate due to the poor fluidity of the slurry.

[0038] Preferably, the amplitude of the electromagnetic vibration in step (3) is 0.5 to 50 mm, for example, it can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm or 50 mm.

[0039] Preferably, the frequency of the electromagnetic vibration is 0.1 to 1000 Hz, for example, it can be 0.1 Hz, 1 Hz, 10 Hz, 100 Hz, 200 Hz, 400 Hz, 500 Hz, 600 Hz, 700 Hz, 800 Hz or 1000 Hz, etc., preferably 5 to 100 Hz.

[0040] Preferably, the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase flows under the driving force of gas pressure and is cast and rolled after electromagnetic vibration.

[0041] Preferably, the gas comprises any one of argon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen or helium, or a combination of at least two of them, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are: a combination of argon and carbon dioxide, a combination of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride, a combination of sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen and helium, etc.

[0042] Preferably, the pressure of the gas is 0.1-70 MPa, for example, 0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 1 MPa, 10 MPa, 20 MPa, 30 MPa, 40 MPa, 50 MPa, 60 MPa or 70 MPa, etc., preferably 0.2-10 MPa.

[0043] Preferably, the casting includes eccentric twin-roll casting or non-eccentric twin-roll casting, preferably eccentric twin-roll casting.

[0044] The present invention adopts eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling, which can effectively increase the area of ​​the casting and rolling solidification zone and improve the stability of the casting and rolling process.

[0045] Preferably, the rotation speed of the lower rolling roller in the casting is 1 to 3000 r / min, for example, it can be 1 r / min, 10 r / min, 100 r / min, 200 r / min, 500 r / min, 800 r / min, 1000 r / min, 1500 r / min, 2000 r / min, 2500 r / min or 3000 r / min, etc., preferably 50 to 1000 r / min.

[0046] Preferably, the rotation speed of the upper roller in the casting is 1 to 3000 r / min, for example, it can be 1 r / min, 10 r / min, 100 r / min, 200 r / min, 500 r / min, 800 r / min, 1000 r / min, 1500 r / min, 2000 r / min, 2500 r / min or 3000 r / min, etc., preferably 50 to 1000 r / min.

[0047] In eccentric twin-roll casting, the lower roll has a cooling function and the upper roll has a deformation function. In non-eccentric twin-roll casting, both the lower roll and the upper roll have both cooling and deformation functions.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) keeping the molten metal-based melt warm for 15 to 25 minutes, and then cooling it to a semi-solid state to obtain a semi-solid slurry;

[0050] (2) mixing a semi-solid slurry with a mass ratio of (200-1.5):1 and a reinforcing particle body with a particle size of 0.1-200 μm under mechanical stirring and / or ultrasonic stirring for 1-120 min, wherein the speed of the mechanical stirring is 1-3000 r / min and the frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20-130 kHz, to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 1-80%;

[0051] (3) A gas with a pressure of 0.1 to 70 MPa is used to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase to flow, and then the slurry is cast and rolled after electromagnetic vibration with an amplitude of 0.5 to 50 mm and a frequency of 0.1 to 1000 Hz, wherein the casting and rolling adopts non-eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling or eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling, and the rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling is 1 to 3000 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roll is 1 to 3000 r / min, so as to obtain a metal-based composite plate.

[0052] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system device for preparing metal-based composite plates, and the system device is used in the method for preparing metal-based composite plates described in the first aspect; the system device includes a mixing device, an outlet channel arranged on one side of the lower part of the mixing device, and an electromagnetic vibration device and a casting and rolling device connected to the outlet channel in sequence.

[0053] The metal-based melt is cooled in a mixing device to form a semi-solid state, and reinforcement particles are added to the mixing device to mix the semi-solid slurry and the reinforcement particles. The heterogeneous nucleation effect increases the nucleation position of the metal matrix, promotes grain refinement, and obtains a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase. After the semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase passes through an outlet channel, it is electromagnetically vibrated by an electromagnetic vibration device, and the grains that are about to be thixoformed and crystallized are broken by the action of mechanical shear waves, thereby achieving the effect of further refining the grains. The semi-solid slurry is cast and rolled by a casting and rolling device to obtain a metal-based composite sheet.

[0054] Preferably, the system device further comprises a gas releasing device.

[0055] Preferably, the gas release device is arranged at the front end of the mixing device.

[0056] The gas release device in the present invention fills the mixing device with high-pressure gas, so that the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase flows under the pressure of the gas and flows out from the outlet channel.

[0057] Preferably, the mixing device comprises a mixing box.

[0058] Preferably, the mixing box is provided with a heating device.

[0059] In the present invention, the mixing box is provided with a heating device, which heats the molten metal-based melt while keeping it warm before cooling, so as to ensure that the metal in the mixing box remains in a liquid state.

[0060] Preferably, a stirring device is provided in the mixing box.

[0061] Preferably, the stirring device comprises a mechanical stirring device and / or an ultrasonic stirring device.

[0062] Preferably, a temperature measuring device is provided in the mixing box.

[0063] The present invention has no limitation on the temperature measuring device, and any instrument known to those skilled in the art for measuring temperature may be used, or a resistance heating system with digitally controlled temperature may be used, and no special limitation is made here.

[0064] Preferably, a solid adding device is provided in the mixing box.

[0065] The present invention has no limitation on the solid adding device, and any device for solid adding known to those skilled in the art may be used, and no special limitation is made herein.

[0066] Preferably, a heating device is provided on the outlet channel.

[0067] The present invention provides a heating device on the outlet channel to ensure that the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase will not solidify into a full solid state after flowing out from the outlet channel, so as to maintain the fluidity of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase.

[0068] Preferably, the casting and rolling device comprises an eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling device or a non-eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling device.

[0069] Preferably, the casting and rolling device comprises a lower roll and an upper roll.

[0070] Preferably, the ratio of the diameters of the lower roller to the upper roller is 1 to 3, for example, it may be 1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.3, 2.5, 2.8 or 3.

[0071] In the present invention, the diameters of the lower roller and the upper roller may be equal or unequal. When the diameters of the lower roller and the upper roller are unequal, asynchronous rolling can be achieved to optimize the texture distribution of the cast plate.

[0072] Preferably, the roll gap width between the lower roller and the upper roller is 0.1 to 20 mm, for example, it can be 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm or 20 mm.

[0073] The present invention provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite sheet using a system device for preparing a metal-based composite sheet, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0074] (1) turning on the heating device in the mixing box, keeping the melted metal-based melt in the mixing box of the mixing device for 15 to 25 minutes, turning off the heating device in the mixing box, observing the temperature measuring device in the mixing box, cooling the metal-based melt to a semi-solid state, and obtaining a semi-solid slurry;

[0075] (2) adding a reinforcing particle body with a particle size of 0.1 to 200 μm into a mixing box through a solid adding device, and using a mechanical stirring device and / or an ultrasonic stirring device to stir and mix the semi-solid slurry and the reinforcing particle body in a mass ratio of (200 to 1.5):1 for 1 to 120 minutes, wherein the speed of the mechanical stirring is 1 to 3000 r / min, and the frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20 to 130 kHz, to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 1 to 80%;

[0076] (3) A gas with a pressure of 0.1 to 70 MPa is released from a gas release device, and a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase flows through an electromagnetic vibration device with an amplitude of 0.5 to 50 mm and a frequency of 0.1 to 1000 Hz for electromagnetic vibration, and then cast and rolled in a casting and rolling device. The rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling device is 1 to 3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the upper roll is 1 to 3000 r / min, the ratio of the diameter of the lower roll to the upper roll is 1 to 3, and the roll gap width between the lower roll and the upper roll is 0.1 to 20 mm, thereby obtaining a metal-based composite sheet.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0078] (1) The preparation method of the metal-based composite plate provided by the present invention comprises mixing a semi-solid slurry with a reinforced particle body and subjecting the mixture to electromagnetic vibration to prepare a metal-based composite plate having fine grains and a grain size of ≤100.5 μm. Under preferred conditions, the grain size is ≤50.9 μm.

[0079] (2) The preparation method of the metal-based composite sheet provided by the present invention has a uniform structure, excellent mechanical properties, a tensile strength of ≥168MPa, and an elongation at break of ≥1.2%. Under preferred conditions, the tensile strength is ≥190MPa and the elongation at break is ≥2.3%;

[0080] (3) The preparation method of the metal matrix composite plate provided by the present invention belongs to the near-net-shape forming technology and has high efficiency;

[0081] (4) The system device for preparing the metal-based composite plate provided by the present invention has a simple structure and a short process, which can reduce the preparation cost of the metal-based composite plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] Figure 1It is a system device for preparing metal-based composite plates used in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0083] In the figure: 1-mixing box; 2-stirring device; 3-temperature measuring device; 4-solid adding device; 5-gas releasing device; 6-electromagnetic vibration device; 7-lower roller; 8-upper roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0085] The present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0086] 1. Implementation

[0087] Example 1

[0088] This embodiment provides a system device for preparing a metal matrix composite plate, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system device includes a mixing device, the mixing device includes a mixing box 1, the mixing box 1 is provided with a heating device, a stirring device 2, a temperature measuring device 3 and a solid adding device 4 are arranged in the mixing box 1, and the stirring device 2 adopts a mechanical stirring device; a gas release device 5 is arranged at the front end of the mixing device, an outlet channel is arranged on one side of the lower part of the mixing device, the outlet channel is provided with a heating device, and an electromagnetic vibration device 6 and a casting and rolling device are sequentially arranged in connection with the outlet channel, wherein the casting and rolling device adopts an eccentric double-roller casting and rolling device, the casting and rolling device includes a lower roller 7 and an upper roller 8, the ratio of the diameter of the lower roller 7 to the upper roller 8 is 1.5, and the roller gap width between the lower roller 7 and the upper roller 8 is 7mm.

[0089] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate. The preparation method is performed in the system device provided in this embodiment, and comprises the following steps:

[0090] (1) turning on the heating device in the mixing box 1, keeping the melted AZ91D magnesium alloy in the mixing box 1 of the mixing device at 720° C. for 20 min, turning off the heating device in the mixing box 1, observing the temperature measuring device 3 in the mixing box 1, cooling the AZ91D magnesium alloy melt to a semi-solid state of 590° C., and obtaining a semi-solid slurry;

[0091] (2) adding silicon carbide with a particle size of 5 μm into the mixing box 1 through the solid adding device 4 in the mixing box 1, and mechanically stirring the semi-solid slurry and silicon carbide with a mass ratio of 15:1 for 50 minutes, wherein the speed of the mechanical stirring is 150 r / min, and a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 16% is obtained;

[0092] (3) Argon gas with a pressure of 0.2 MPa is released from the gas release device 5 to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase to flow, and the semi-solid slurry is electromagnetically vibrated by the electromagnetic vibration device 6 with an amplitude of 50 mm and a frequency of 5 Hz, and then cast and rolled in the casting and rolling device. The rotation speed of the lower roller 7 in the casting and rolling device is 100 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roller 8 is 100 r / min, thereby obtaining a metal-based composite plate.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] This embodiment provides a system device for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The difference between the system device and Example 1 is that the ratio of the diameter of the lower roller to the upper roller is 1, the roll gap width between the lower roller and the upper roller is 0.1 mm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0095] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate. The preparation method is performed in the system device provided in this embodiment, and comprises the following steps:

[0096] (1) turning on the heating device in the mixing box, keeping the melted AZ31D magnesium alloy melt at 710° C. in the mixing box of the mixing device for 25 min, turning off the heating device in the mixing box, observing the temperature measuring device in the mixing box, cooling the AZ31D magnesium alloy melt to a semi-solid state of 575° C., and obtaining a semi-solid slurry;

[0097] (2) adding carbon fiber with a particle size of 8 μm into the mixing box through a solid adding device in the mixing box, mechanically stirring and mixing the semi-solid slurry and carbon fiber with a mass ratio of 10:1 for 5 minutes, wherein the speed of the mechanical stirring is 200 r / min, and a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 12% is obtained;

[0098] (3) Argon gas with a pressure of 1 MPa is released from a gas release device to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase to flow, and the slurry is electromagnetically vibrated by an electromagnetic vibration device with an amplitude of 4 mm and a frequency of 20 Hz, and then cast and rolled in a casting and rolling device. The rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling device is 50 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roll is 50 r / min, thereby obtaining a metal-based composite plate.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] This embodiment provides a system device for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The difference between the system device and Example 1 is that the ratio of the diameter of the lower roller to the upper roller is 3, the roll gap width between the lower roller and the upper roller is 1.5 mm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0101] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate. The preparation method is performed in the system device provided in this embodiment, and comprises the following steps:

[0102] (1) Turn on the heating device in the mixing box, keep the melted 7075 aluminum alloy in the mixing box of the mixing device at 650° C. for 15 minutes, turn off the heating device in the mixing box, observe the temperature measuring device in the mixing box, and cool the 7075 aluminum alloy to a semi-solid state of 610° C. to obtain a semi-solid slurry;

[0103] (2) adding alumina particles with a particle size of 20 μm into the mixing box through a solid adding device in the mixing box, and mechanically stirring the semi-solid slurry and alumina particles with a mass ratio of 5:1 for 60 minutes, wherein the speed of the mechanical stirring is 5 r / min, to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 21%;

[0104] (3) Helium with a pressure of 5 MPa is released from a gas release device to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase to flow, and the semi-solid slurry is electromagnetically vibrated by an electromagnetic vibration device with an amplitude of 1 mm and a frequency of 50 Hz, and then cast and rolled in a casting and rolling device. The rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling device is 200 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roll is 200 r / min, thereby obtaining a metal-based composite plate.

[0105] Example 4

[0106] This embodiment provides a system device for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The difference between the system device and Example 1 is that the stirring device adopts an ultrasonic stirring device, the roll gap width between the lower roller and the upper roller is 15 mm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0107] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate. The preparation method is performed in the system device provided in this embodiment, and comprises the following steps:

[0108] (1) Turn on the heating device in the mixing box, keep the melted 7075 aluminum alloy in the mixing box of the mixing device at 650° C. for 15 minutes, turn off the heating device in the mixing box, observe the temperature measuring device in the mixing box, and cool the 7075 aluminum alloy to a semi-solid state of 610° C. to obtain a semi-solid slurry;

[0109] (2) adding silicon carbide with a particle size of 50 μm into the mixing box through a solid adding device in the mixing box, and mixing the semi-solid slurry and silicon carbide with a mass ratio of 4:1 by ultrasonic stirring for 60 minutes, wherein the frequency of ultrasonic stirring is 20 Hz, and a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 15% is obtained;

[0110] (3) The gas release device releases nitrogen dioxide with a pressure of 10 MPa to drive the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase to flow, and the semi-solid slurry is electromagnetically vibrated by an electromagnetic vibration device with an amplitude of 0.5 mm and a frequency of 100 Hz, and then cast and rolled in a casting and rolling device. The rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling device is 600 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roll is 600 r / min, to obtain a metal-based composite plate.

[0111] Example 5

[0112] This embodiment provides a system device for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The difference between the system device and Example 1 is that the stirring device adopts an ultrasonic stirring device, the roll gap width between the lower roller and the upper roller is 20 mm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0113] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate. The preparation method is performed in the system device provided in this embodiment, and comprises the following steps:

[0114] (1) turning on the heating device in the mixing box, keeping the melted copper-iron 10 alloy melt at 1100° C. in the mixing box of the mixing device for 15 minutes, turning off the heating device in the mixing box, observing the temperature measuring device in the mixing box, cooling the copper-iron 10 alloy melt to 850° C. semi-solid, and obtaining a semi-solid slurry;

[0115] (2) adding silicon nitride with a particle size of 100 μm into the mixing box through a solid adding device in the mixing box, and mixing the semi-solid slurry and silicon nitride with a mass ratio of 15:1 by ultrasonic stirring for 50 minutes, wherein the frequency of ultrasonic stirring is 130 Hz, and a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 30% is obtained;

[0116] (3) The semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase is driven to flow by nitrogen gas at a pressure of 5 MPa released from a gas release device, and is electromagnetically vibrated by an electromagnetic vibration device with an amplitude of 0.5 mm and a frequency of 100 Hz, and then cast and rolled in a casting and rolling device. The rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling device is 1000 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roll is 1000 r / min, to obtain a metal-based composite plate.

[0117] Example 6

[0118] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method differs from that in Embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry and silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 20:1 to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 12%. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0119] Example 7

[0120] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method differs from that in Embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry and silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 4:1 to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 30%. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0121] Example 8

[0122] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method differs from that in Embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 200:1 to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 1%. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0123] Example 9

[0124] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method differs from that in Embodiment 1 only in that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry and silicon nitride in step (2) is controlled to be 1.5:1 to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcing phase with a volume solid phase ratio of 80%. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0125] 2. Comparison

[0126] Comparative Example 1

[0127] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method is different from Example 1 only in that step (1) does not cool the material to a semi-solid slurry, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method is different from Example 1 only in that silicon carbide is not added in step (2), and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0130] Comparative Example 3

[0131] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate material. The method is different from Example 1 only in that electromagnetic vibration is not performed in step (3), and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0132] 3. Test and Results

[0133] Test method for grain size of metal matrix composite sheet: measured according to ASTM E112-1996.

[0134] Test method for tensile strength of metal matrix composite panels: measured according to ASTM D 3552-96 (07).

[0135] Test method for elongation at break of metal matrix composite sheet: measured according to ASTM D 3552-96 (07).

[0136] The test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0137] Table 1

[0138] Grain size (μm) Tensile strength(MPa) Elongation at break (%) Example 1 41.2 220 3.1 Example 2 50.9 190 2.4 Example 3 35.6 421 5.7 Example 4 41.2 409 4.8 Example 5 100.5 310 10.7 Example 6 45.6 204 5.4 Example 7 35.2 246 2.3 Example 8 69.2 171 2.5 Example 9 50.2 168 1.2 Comparative Example 1 80.2 163 2.8 Comparative Example 2 102.1 125 4.8 Comparative Example 3 76.4 162 2.0

[0139] From Table 1, we can see the following points:

[0140] (1) The present invention provides a method for preparing a metal-based composite plate, wherein the preparation method comprises mixing a semi-solid slurry and a reinforcing particle body, and then subjecting the mixture to electromagnetic vibration and then casting and rolling to obtain a metal-based composite plate with small grains, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the metal-based composite plate, and improving the tensile strength and elongation at break. Specifically, in Examples 1 to 9, the grain size is ≤100.5 μm, the tensile strength is ≥168 MPa, and the elongation at break is ≥1.2%. Under preferred conditions, the grain size is ≤50.9 μm, the tensile strength is ≥190 MPa, and the elongation at break is ≥2.3%;

[0141] (2) Combining Example 1 with Examples 6 to 9, it can be seen that the mass ratios of the semi-solid slurry and silicon nitride in Examples 1 and Examples 6 to 7 are controlled to be 15:1, 20:1 and 4:1, respectively. Correspondingly, the volume solid fractions of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase are 16%, 12% and 30%, respectively. Compared with Examples 8 to 9 in which the mass ratios of the semi-solid slurry and silicon nitride are controlled to be 200:1 and 1.5:1, respectively, and correspondingly, the volume solid fractions of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase are 1% and 80%, respectively, the grain sizes of the metal matrix composite plates in Examples 1 and Examples 6 to 7 are 41.2 μm, 45.6 μm and 35.2 μm, respectively, and the tensile strength is The tensile strengths of the metal matrix composite plates in Examples 8 to 9 were 220 MPa, 204 MPa and 246 MPa, respectively, and the elongations at break were 3.1%, 5.4% and 2.3%, respectively. The grain sizes of the metal matrix composite plates in Examples 8 to 9 were 69.2 μm and 50.2 μm, respectively, and the tensile strengths were 171 MPa and 168 MPa, respectively, and the elongations at break were 2.5% and 1.2%, respectively. It can be seen that the mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the reinforced particles is controlled within the range of (20 to 4): 1, and the volume solid phase ratio of the corresponding semi-solid slurry containing the reinforced phase is controlled within the range of 12 to 30%, which can reduce the grain size of the metal matrix composite plate and improve the tensile strength and elongation at break.

[0142] (3) Combining Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that in step (1) of Example 1, the temperature is lowered to a semi-solid slurry. Compared with the case where step (1) of Comparative Example 1 is not lowered to a semi-solid slurry, the grain size of the metal-based composite plate in Example 1 is 41.2 μm, the tensile strength is 220 MPa, and the elongation at break is 3.1%. The grain size of the metal-based composite plate in Comparative Example 1 is 80.2 μm, the tensile strength is 163 MPa, and the elongation at break is 2.8%. It can be seen that the present invention cools the metal-based composite plate to a semi-solid slurry in step (1), which can reduce the grain size of the metal-based composite plate and improve the tensile strength and elongation at break.

[0143] (4) Combining Example 1 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that in Example 1, silicon carbide is added in step (2). Compared with Comparative Example 2 in which silicon carbide is not added in step (2), the grain size of the metal-based composite plate in Example 1 is 41.2 μm and the tensile strength is 220 MPa, while the grain size of the metal-based composite plate in Comparative Example 2 is 102.1 μm and the tensile strength is 125 MPa. It can be seen that the addition of reinforcing particles in step (2) of the present invention can not only meet the requirements of the elongation at break of the metal-based composite plate, but also reduce the grain size of the metal-based composite plate and improve the tensile strength.

[0144] (5) Combining Example 1 with Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that in Example 1, step (3) performs electromagnetic vibration. Compared with Comparative Example 3 in which step (3) does not perform electromagnetic vibration, the grain size of the metal-based composite plate in Example 1 is 41.2 μm, the tensile strength is 220 MPa, and the elongation at break is 3.1%. The grain size of the metal-based composite plate in Comparative Example 3 is 76.4 μm, the tensile strength is 162 MPa, and the elongation at break is 2.0%. It can be seen that the electromagnetic vibration in step (3) of the present invention can reduce the grain size of the metal-based composite plate and improve the tensile strength and elongation at break.

[0145] In summary, the preparation method of the metal-based composite plate provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: mixing a semi-solid slurry and a reinforced particle body, and then subjecting the mixture to electromagnetic vibration and then casting and rolling to obtain a metal-based composite plate with small grains, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the metal-based composite plate, and improving the tensile strength and elongation at break. The grain size is ≤100.5 μm, the tensile strength is ≥168 MPa, and the elongation at break is ≥1.2%. Under preferred conditions, the grain size is ≤50.9 μm, the tensile strength is ≥190 MPa, and the elongation at break is ≥2.3%.

[0146] The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a metal matrix composite sheet, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Cooling the metal-based melt to a semi-solid state to obtain a semi-solid slurry; (2) mixing the semi-solid slurry and the reinforcement particles to obtain a semi-solid slurry containing a reinforcement phase; The mass ratio of the semi-solid slurry to the reinforced particles is (20-4):1; The volume solid phase ratio of the semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase is 12-30%; (3) The semi-solid slurry containing the reinforcement phase flows under the driving force of a gas pressure of 0.1-70 MPa, and is cast and rolled after electromagnetic vibration to obtain a metal matrix composite sheet; The casting and rolling comprises eccentric twin-roll casting and rolling; The rotation speed of the lower roll in the casting and rolling process is 1-3000 r / min, and the rotation speed of the upper roll in the casting and rolling process is 1-3000 r / min.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal in step (1) includes any one of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy or iron alloy, or a combination of at least two of them.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before cooling down in step (1), the molten metal-based melt is kept warm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulation time is 15 to 25 minutes.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing in step (2) is carried out under stirring.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring time is 1 to 120 min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring includes mechanical stirring and / or ultrasonic stirring.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the mechanical stirring is 1-3000 r / min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frequency of the ultrasonic stirring is 20-130 kHz.

10. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced particles in step (2) include any one of carbides, nitrides, oxides, carbon fibers, glass fibers, graphene, carbon nanotubes or graphite, or a combination of at least two of them.

11. The preparation method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The carbide includes silicon carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide or tungsten carbide.

12. The preparation method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The nitride includes boron nitride, phosphorus nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, magnesium nitride, aluminum nitride, manganese nitride or zirconium nitride.

13. The preparation method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The oxide includes titanium oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or tungsten oxide.

14. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the enhanced particles in step (2) is 0.1-200 μm.

15. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude of the electromagnetic vibration in step (3) is 0.5~50mm.

16. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of the electromagnetic vibration in step (3) is 0.1~1000 Hz.

17. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas includes any one of argon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen or helium, or a combination of at least two of them.

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