A magnetic bearing and a magnetic bearing system

Abstract

This invention provides a magnetic levitation bearing and a magnetic levitation bearing system. The magnetic levitation bearing includes: a bearing housing, an axial bearing, and a radial bearing. The axial bearing and the radial bearing are arranged along the axial direction of a rotating shaft. The axial bearing includes an axial bearing rotor, and the radial bearing includes a radial bearing rotor. The axial bearing rotor is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft. The axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor are connected axially to each other on the rotating shaft. The axial bearing acts on the rotating shaft through the axial bearing rotor, and the radial bearing acts on the rotating shaft through the radial bearing rotor. According to this invention, the radial dimension of the magnetic levitation bearing can be reduced, and the rotor's fixed frequency can be increased, so that the strength of the bearing rotor can effectively meet the requirements at high power and high speed. This makes it suitable for high-power, ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation systems and more suitable for high-speed applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic levitation bearing technology, specifically to a magnetic levitation bearing and a magnetic levitation bearing system. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic levitation bearings are a new type of bearing that uses electromagnetic force to levitate a shaft. Integrated radial and axial bearings offer a new design approach for small-volume bearings. However, for practical industrial applications, determining how to arrange the radial and axial bearings to achieve optimal rotor dynamics while maintaining a simple bearing structure, easy assembly, and a bearing assembly solution that simultaneously addresses electrical, bearing cooling, and rotor characteristics presents a significant design challenge.

[0003] The prior art patent with patent number CN109707735A discloses a magnetic levitation bearing, see attached. Figure 1 - Existing technical diagram. Includes an axial magnetic bearing stator, rotor laminations 53 and thrust disk 52, stator laminations 14, permanent magnet bias magnet 12, magnetic ring 11, axial control coil 221 and radial control coil 15. The permanent magnet bias magnet 12 is sleeved on the outside of the stator laminations 14; the magnetic ring 11 is sleeved on the outside of the permanent magnet bias magnet 12; the axial control coil 221 is disposed between the upper magnetic pole 21 and the lower magnetic pole 3 to generate axial control magnetic flux to control the axial movement of the magnetic bearing; the radial control coil 15 is disposed on the stator laminations 14 to generate radial control magnetic flux to control the radial movement of the magnetic bearing. The permanent magnet bias reduces the rotor eddy current loss of the magnetic bearing.

[0004] Although this bearing structure has a small axial dimension, its radial bearing rotor outer diameter is large. When the rotor operates at high power and high speed, the strength of the bearing rotor often cannot meet the requirements, or even if the strength requirements are met, the assembly requirements are often not met. Therefore, this structural design is not suitable for high-power, ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation systems.

[0005] Because existing magnetic levitation bearings have problems such as excessively large radial dimensions, resulting in insufficient strength of the bearing rotor at high power and high speed, and are unsuitable for high power and ultra-high speed magnetic levitation systems, this invention studies and designs a magnetic levitation bearing and a magnetic levitation bearing system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of excessive radial size in the existing magnetic levitation bearings, thereby providing a magnetic levitation bearing and a magnetic levitation bearing system.

[0007] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation bearing, comprising:

[0008] The bearing housing, axial bearing, and radial bearing are arranged along the axial direction of a rotating shaft. The axial bearing includes an axial bearing rotor, and the radial bearing includes a radial bearing rotor. The axial bearing rotor is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft. The radial bearing rotor is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft. The axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor are connected in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The axial bearing acts on the rotating shaft through the axial bearing rotor, and the radial bearing acts on the rotating shaft through the radial bearing rotor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the axial bearing includes an axial bearing stator, the radial bearing includes a radial bearing stator, at least a portion of the structure of the axial bearing stator is located on the outer periphery of the axial bearing rotor, at least a portion of the structure of the radial bearing stator is located on the outer periphery of the radial bearing rotor, and the magnetic levitation bearing further includes a magnet located between the axial bearing stator and the radial bearing stator, the magnet being capable of providing bias magnetic circuits for the axial bearing and the radial bearing respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments, one end of the magnet along the axial direction of the shaft is connected to the axial bearing stator, and the other end of the magnet is connected to the radial bearing stator. The magnetic circuit generated by the magnet passes through the axial bearing stator, the axial bearing rotor, the radial bearing rotor, the radial bearing stator, and the magnet to form a bias magnetic flux loop.

[0011] In some embodiments, the axial bearing stator includes a front axial core, an axial winding frame, an axial winding, and a rear axial core. The radially outer end of the front axial core is connected to the radially outer end of the rear axial core, and the radially inner end of the front axial core and the radially inner end of the rear axial core form a first accommodating space. The axial winding frame is disposed in the first accommodating space, and the axial winding is wound on the axial winding frame. The axial control magnetic circuit generated by the axial winding passes through the rear axial core, the axial bearing rotor, and the front axial core to form an axial control magnetic circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the rear axial core is a circular disc structure, and the front axial core is also a ring structure. The front axial core includes a first ring-shaped portion, a first cylindrical portion, and a second ring-shaped portion. The first cylindrical portion is a cylinder. One axial end of the first cylindrical portion is connected to the radial inner end of the first ring-shaped portion, and the other axial end of the first cylindrical portion is connected to the radial outer end of the second ring-shaped portion. The outer diameter of the first ring-shaped portion is larger than the outer diameter of the second ring-shaped portion, and the inner diameter of the first ring-shaped portion is larger than the inner diameter of the second ring-shaped portion. The first accommodating space is formed by the first cylindrical portion, the second ring-shaped portion, and the rear axial core.

[0013] In some embodiments, the radial bearing stator includes a radial ring, a radial stator core, and a radial winding. The radial stator core is located on the inner circumference of the radial ring, and the radial winding is wound on the radial stator core. The radial control magnetic circuit generated by the radial winding passes through the radial stator core and the radial bearing rotor to form a radial control magnetic loop.

[0014] In some embodiments, the radial stator core is a circular disc structure, and the radial ring is also a ring structure. The radial ring includes a third annular portion and a second cylindrical portion. The second cylindrical portion is a cylinder, and one axial end of the second cylindrical portion is connected to the radial outer end of the third annular portion. The second cylindrical portion and the third annular portion form a second receiving space to accommodate the radial stator core.

[0015] In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit generated by the magnet forms a first bias magnetic flux loop through the rear axial core, the axial bearing rotor, the radial bearing rotor, the radial stator core, the radial ring, and the magnet; the magnetic circuit generated by the magnet forms a second bias magnetic flux loop through the rear axial core, the front axial core, the axial bearing rotor, the radial bearing rotor, the radial stator core, the radial ring, and the magnet.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bearing housing is a cylindrical structure, which includes a first space for accommodating the axial bearing and a second space for accommodating the radial bearing. The inner diameter of the inner wall of the first space is larger than the inner diameter of the inner wall of the second space. A stepped structure is formed at the junction of the first space and the second space. The stepped structure includes a first end face of the housing. The axial bearing abuts against the first end face of the housing. The inner wall of the second space is formed as a first cylindrical surface of the housing.

[0017] In some embodiments, a baffle is also included, wherein an annular groove is provided at one axial end of the bearing housing located in the second space, the bottom of the annular groove forms the second end face of the housing, and the baffle is disposed on the second end face of the housing.

[0018] In some embodiments, when the axial bearing includes a rear axial core, the rear axial core abuts against the first end face of the housing; when the radial bearing includes a radial ring, the radial ring is in contact with the first cylindrical surface of the housing; a radial bearing positioning hole is also provided on the bearing housing at a position opposite to the second space, the radial bearing positioning hole extending from the outer wall of the bearing housing to the inner wall.

[0019] In some embodiments, the bearing housing is further provided with a housing through hole, which extends axially from the first end face of the housing to the second end face of the housing, and the housing through hole can position the axial bearing;

[0020] The bearing housing is also provided with a housing outlet hole, which extends from the inner wall of the bearing housing to the outer wall.

[0021] The axial bearing also includes an axial bearing lead wire, and the radial bearing also includes a radial bearing lead wire. One end of the axial bearing lead wire is connected to the axial winding, and the other end is led out from the housing outlet hole. One end of the radial bearing lead wire is connected to the radial winding, and the other end passes through the housing through hole and the housing outlet hole in sequence and is led out.

[0022] The present invention also provides a magnetic levitation bearing system, which includes the magnetic levitation bearing described in any of the preceding claims, and further includes a cooling channel capable of cooling the axial bearing and the radial bearing.

[0023] In some embodiments, when the bearing housing is a cylindrical structure, and its interior includes a first space for accommodating the axial bearing and a second space for accommodating the radial bearing: cooling holes are provided on the bearing housing through its outer wall to its inner wall;

[0024] When the axial bearing includes an axial bearing stator and the radial bearing includes a radial bearing stator:

[0025] The cooling channel includes a first cooling channel and a second cooling channel. The housing cooling hole is opposite to and communicates with the first space. The first cooling channel includes a first axial cooling hole and a second axial cooling hole. The first axial cooling hole passes through the axial bearing stator along the axial direction, and the second axial cooling hole passes through the radial bearing stator along the axial direction.

[0026] The second cooling channel includes a radial cooling hole, a third axial cooling hole, and a fourth axial cooling hole. The radial cooling hole penetrates the axial bearing stator radially, the third axial cooling hole penetrates the axial bearing rotor axially, and the fourth axial cooling hole penetrates the radial bearing rotor axially.

[0027] In some embodiments, when the axial bearing stator includes a front axial core, an axial winding skeleton, an axial winding, and a rear axial core, the axial core, the rear axial core, and the axial winding skeleton are all provided with the first axial cooling holes axially opposite to each other. When the radial bearing includes a radial stator core and a radial ring, the radial stator core and the radial ring are both provided with the second axial cooling holes axially opposite to each other.

[0028] In some embodiments, when the axial bearing stator includes a front axial core, an axial winding skeleton, an axial winding, and a rear axial core, the rear axial core is provided with a radial cooling hole at a position opposite to the housing cooling hole, and the radial cooling hole extends from the radial outer end of the rear axial core to its radial inner end; the third axial cooling hole and the fourth axial cooling hole are arranged opposite each other axially.

[0029] The magnetic levitation bearing and magnetic levitation bearing system provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This invention configures the axial bearing as including an axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing as including a radial bearing rotor, with the axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor located on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and connected axially. This allows the axial bearing to act on the rotating shaft through the axial bearing rotor, and the radial bearing to act on the rotating shaft through the radial bearing rotor. Compared to the prior art where both the axial and radial bearings share a rotor, this invention arranges the axial and radial bearings axially and allows them to act on the bearings through their respective rotors. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the superposition of the axial bearing stator and the radial bearing stator in the radial direction caused by the shared rotor, thereby effectively reducing the radial dimension of the magnetic levitation bearing, improving the rotor's fixed frequency, and ensuring that the strength of the bearing rotor can effectively meet the requirements at high power and high speed. This invention is suitable for high power and ultra-high speed magnetic levitation systems and is more suitable for high-speed applications.

[0031] 2. This invention also incorporates magnets between the axial and radial bearing stators, enabling the magnets to simultaneously and separately provide bias magnetic circuits for both the axial and radial bearings. This allows the axial and radial bearings to share a common magnet structure, forming a hybrid three-degree-of-freedom bearing structure. This results in lower heat generation and lower losses. Compared to existing technologies that separate the radial and axial bearings, this effectively shortens the axial dimension. The optimized bearing arrangement meets the requirements of bearing assembly, and the rotor exhibits higher modal frequencies, making it suitable for ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation applications. This invention features a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for widespread application in various rotating machinery supported by magnetic bearings. It is highly feasible, easy to assemble, and can be widely used in ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation, providing valuable reference for the industrial application of ultra-high-speed magnetic bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a general cross-sectional view of a magnetic levitation bearing in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the magnetic levitation bearing system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2a yes Figure 2 The left view;

[0035] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3a yes Figure 3 The overall assembly structure diagram of the magnetic levitation bearing;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit principle structure of the magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4a yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part A;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal sectional view and schematic diagram of the cooling structure of the magnetic levitation bearing of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6a yes Figure 6 A longitudinal section of the bearing housing;

[0042] Figure 6b yes Figure 6a A three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing housing;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the cooling flow path at the rear axial core of the magnetic levitation bearing system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7a yes Figure 7 AA sectional view.

[0045] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0046] Figure 1 1. Permanent magnet; 2. Rotor core; 3. Axial control winding; 5. Axial core.

[0047] Figures 2-7a1. Bearing housing; 101. Housing outlet hole; 102. First end face of housing; 103. First cylindrical surface of housing; 104. Housing cooling hole; 105. Second end face of housing; 106. Radial bearing positioning hole; 107. Housing through hole; 108. First space; 109. Second space; 2. Axial bearing; 201. Front axial core; 2011. First annular portion; 2012. First cylindrical portion; 2013. Second annular portion; 201-1. Axial bearing cooling hole; 202. Axial winding skeleton; 203. Axial winding; 204. Rear axial core; 204-1. First end face of axial bearing; 204-2. Radial cooling hole; 206. 501. Axial bearing lead wire; 3. Axial bearing rotor; 4. Radial bearing; 501. Magnet; 6. Radial ring; 7. Third annular part; 8. Second cylindrical part; 9. Radial bearing; 10. Radial bearing first end face; 11. Radial bearing positioning hole; 12. Radial stator core; 13. Radial winding; 14. Radial bearing lead wire; 15. Radial bearing rotor; 16. Baffle; 17. Offset magnetic circuit; 18. Axial control magnetic circuit; 19. Radial control magnetic circuit; 100. Radial bearing lead wire; 100. Shaft; 11. First cooling gas circuit; 12. Second cooling gas circuit; 13. Rotor hot air; 14. Cooling gas outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0048] like Figure 2-7a As shown, the present invention provides a magnetic levitation bearing (preferably a three-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation bearing assembly, mainly used in magnetic levitation motor products), which includes:

[0049] The bearing housing 1, the axial bearing 2, and the radial bearing 3 are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5. The axial bearing 2 includes an axial bearing rotor 501, and the radial bearing 3 includes a radial bearing rotor 502. The axial bearing rotor 501 is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 5 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 5. The radial bearing rotor 502 is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 5 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 5. The axial bearing rotor 501 and the radial bearing rotor 502 are connected in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5. The axial bearing 2 acts on the rotating shaft 5 through the axial bearing rotor 501, and the radial bearing 3 acts on the rotating shaft 5 through the radial bearing rotor 502.

[0050] This invention configures the axial bearing as including an axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing as including a radial bearing rotor. The axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor are located on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and are connected axially. This allows the axial bearing to act on the rotating shaft through the axial bearing rotor, and the radial bearing to act on the rotating shaft through the radial bearing rotor. Compared with the prior art where both the axial and radial bearings share a rotor, this invention arranges the axial and radial bearings axially and allows them to act on the bearings through their respective rotors. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the superposition of the axial bearing stator and the radial bearing stator in the radial direction caused by the shared rotor, thereby effectively reducing the radial dimension of the magnetic levitation bearing, improving the rotor's fixed frequency, and ensuring that the strength of the bearing rotor can effectively meet the requirements at high power and high speed. This invention is suitable for high power and ultra-high speed magnetic levitation systems and is more suitable for high-speed applications.

[0051] This invention proposes a three-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation bearing assembly structure. By combining radial and axial bearing structures, the radial and axial dimensions of the bearing are shortened. The bearings are rationally arranged to meet assembly requirements, and the cooling channel design improves the cooling efficiency of the magnetic bearing. This provides a practical design approach for the industrial application of magnetic levitation bearings.

[0052] The beneficial effects are as follows:

[0053] 1. The magnetic bearing of the present invention adopts a three-degree-of-freedom bearing structure, which can shorten the radial and axial length of the rotor. Compared with the prior art, the radial dimension is smaller, and the axial dimension is shorter than that of ordinary radial and axially separated magnetic bearings. This effectively improves the rotor's fixed frequency, solves the problem of insufficient fixed frequency of the rotor at high speed, and the rotor has a higher modal frequency, making it more suitable for high-speed applications.

[0054] 2. This invention adopts a hybrid three-degree-of-freedom bearing structure, which results in low heat generation and low loss;

[0055] 3. This invention has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, making it suitable for widespread application in various rotating machinery supported by magnetic bearings;

[0056] 4. This invention is highly feasible and easy to assemble, and can be widely used in the field of ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation. It also has positive reference value for the industrial application of ultra-high-speed magnetic bearings.

[0057] In some embodiments, the axial bearing 2 includes an axial bearing stator, the radial bearing 3 includes a radial bearing stator, at least a portion of the structure of the axial bearing stator is located on the outer periphery of the axial bearing rotor 501, at least a portion of the structure of the radial bearing stator is located on the outer periphery of the radial bearing rotor 502, and the magnetic levitation bearing further includes a magnet 301 located between the axial bearing stator and the radial bearing stator, the magnet 301 being able to provide bias magnetic circuits for the axial bearing and the radial bearing respectively.

[0058] This invention also incorporates magnets between the axial and radial bearing stators, enabling the magnets to simultaneously and separately provide bias magnetic circuits for both the axial and radial bearings. This allows the axial and radial bearings to share a common magnet structure, forming a hybrid three-degree-of-freedom bearing structure. This results in lower heat generation and lower losses. Compared to existing technologies that separate the radial and axial bearings, this effectively shortens the axial dimension. The optimized bearing arrangement meets the requirements of bearing assembly, and the rotor exhibits higher modal frequencies, making it suitable for ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation applications. This invention features a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for widespread application in various rotating machinery supported by magnetic bearings. It is highly feasible, easy to assemble, and can be widely used in ultra-high-speed magnetic levitation, providing valuable reference for the industrial application of ultra-high-speed magnetic bearings.

[0059] In some embodiments, one end of the magnet 301 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the axial bearing stator, and the other end of the magnet 301 is connected to the radial bearing stator. The magnetic circuit generated by the magnet 301 passes through the axial bearing stator, the axial bearing rotor 501, the radial bearing rotor 502, the radial bearing stator, and the magnet 301 to form a bias magnetic flux loop. This is a further preferred structural form of the magnet of the present invention, that is, one axial end of the magnet is connected to the axial bearing stator and the other axial end is connected to the radial bearing stator, so that the bias magnetic circuit generated by the magnet can pass through the axial stator and the radial bearing stator respectively, and form a bias magnetic flux loop through the axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor, thereby achieving the effect of simultaneously providing bias magnetic circuits for the axial bearing and the radial bearing.

[0060] The bias magnetic circuit 23 provided by magnet 301 is a closed loop formed by magnet-front / rear axial iron core-axial air gap-rotor-radial stator-magnet, providing bias for both radial and axial directions; the axial control magnetic circuit 205 is a closed loop formed by front axial iron core-air gap-rotor-rear axial iron core, and the plane of the loop is parallel to the rotor axis; the radial control magnetic circuit 305 is a radial control loop magnetic circuit formed by radial stator-radial air gap-rotor-radial air gap-radial stator, and the plane of the loop is perpendicular to the axis.

[0061] In some embodiments, the axial bearing stator includes a front axial core 201, an axial winding frame 202, an axial winding 203, and a rear axial core 204. The radially outer end of the front axial core 201 is connected to the radially outer end of the rear axial core 204, and the radially inner end of the front axial core 201 and the radially inner end of the rear axial core 204 form a first receiving space. The axial winding frame 202 is disposed in the first receiving space, and the axial winding 203 is wound on the axial winding frame 202. The axial winding 203 is radially opposite to the axial bearing rotor 501 (it can be directly opposite, slightly inclined, or not directly opposite, as long as it can provide an axial control magnetic circuit to pass through the axial bearing rotor). The axial control magnetic circuit generated by the axial winding 203 passes through the rear axial core 204, the axial bearing rotor 501, and the front axial core 201 to form an axial control magnetic circuit.

[0062] This is a preferred structural form of the axial bearing stator of the present invention, which includes a front axial core 201, an axial winding frame 202, an axial winding 203, and a rear axial core 204. The front axial core and the rear axial core can form a first accommodating space for the axial winding frame. The axial winding is wound on the axial winding frame, thereby forming an axial control magnetic circuit on the rear axial core, the axial bearing rotor, and the front axial core, thus forming an axial control magnetic circuit, thereby controlling the offset or movement of the shaft in the axial direction.

[0063] In some embodiments, the rear axial core 204 is a circular disc structure, and the front axial core 201 is also a ring structure. The front axial core 201 includes a first annular portion 2011, a first cylindrical portion 2012, and a second annular portion 2013. The first cylindrical portion 2012 is a cylinder. One axial end of the first cylindrical portion 2012 is connected to the radial inner end of the first annular portion 2011, and the other axial end of the first cylindrical portion 2012 is connected to the radial outer end of the second annular portion 2013. The outer diameter of the first annular portion 2011 is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular portion 2013, and the inner diameter of the first annular portion 2011 is larger than the inner diameter of the second annular portion 2013. The first accommodating space is formed by the first cylindrical portion 2012, the second annular portion 2013, and the rear axial core 204.

[0064] This is a further preferred structural form of the front and rear axial cores of the present invention, namely, the rear axial core is a circular disc structure, and the front axial core includes the first and second annular portions and the first cylindrical portion, thereby forming a first accommodating space for accommodating the axial winding skeleton through the first cylindrical portion, the second annular portion and the rear axial core.

[0065] The front axial core 201 of the present invention has an axial skeleton mounting groove inside, through which the axial winding skeleton 202 is fixed to the front axial core 201. An axial winding 203 is wound inside the axial winding skeleton 202, through which the axial winding 203 provides axial control magnetic flux. A magnet fixing bracket is provided on the first end face 204-1 of the axial bearing of the rear axial core 204. The magnet fixing bracket is installed on the first end face 204-1 of the axial bearing by screws. The magnet 301 is installed on the rear axial core 204. On the core; the radial stator core 303 has a 4-pole structure, with a radial winding 304 wound on each pole, and two opposite control windings connected in series to provide control magnetic flux for the radial direction; the radial stator core 303 is fitted inside the radial ring 302, which is fitted inside the first cylindrical surface 103 of the bearing housing; the magnet 301 is located between the radial ring 302 and the rear axial core 204, with one side in contact with the first end face of the rear axial core 204 and the other side in contact with the first end face of the radial ring 302.

[0066] In some embodiments, the radial bearing stator includes a radial ring 302, a radial stator core 303, and a radial winding 304. The radial stator core 303 is located on the inner circumference of the radial ring 302, and the radial winding 304 is wound on the radial stator core 303. The radial winding 304 is radially opposite to the radial bearing rotor 502 (it can be directly opposite, slightly inclined, or not directly opposite, as long as it can provide a radial control magnetic circuit to pass through the radial bearing rotor). The radial control magnetic circuit generated by the radial winding 304 forms a radial control magnetic loop through the radial stator core 303 and the radial bearing rotor 502.

[0067] This is a preferred structural form of the radial bearing stator of the present invention, which includes a radial stator core 303 and a radial ring 302. The radial ring can form a second accommodating space for the radial stator core. The radial winding is wound on the radial stator core, thereby forming a radial control magnetic circuit on the radial stator core, the radial ring and the radial bearing rotor, thus forming a radial control magnetic circuit, thereby controlling the offset or movement of the rotor shaft in the radial direction.

[0068] In some embodiments, the radial stator core 303 is a circular disc structure, and the radial ring 302 is also a ring structure. The radial ring 302 includes a third annular portion 3021 and a second cylindrical portion 3022. The second cylindrical portion 3022 is a cylinder, and one axial end of the second cylindrical portion 3022 is connected to the radial outer end of the third annular portion 3021. The second cylindrical portion 3022 and the third annular portion 3021 form a second receiving space to accommodate the radial stator core 303. This is a further preferred structural form of the radial stator core and radial ring of the present invention, that is, the radial stator core is a circular disc structure, and the radial ring includes a third annular portion and a second cylindrical portion, thereby forming a second receiving space to accommodate the radial stator core.

[0069] In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit generated by the magnet 301 forms a first bias magnetic flux loop through the rear axial core 204, the axial bearing rotor 501, the radial bearing rotor 502, the radial stator core 303, the radial ring 302, and the magnet 301; the magnetic circuit generated by the magnet 301 forms a second bias magnetic flux loop through the rear axial core 204, the front axial core 201, the axial bearing rotor 501, the radial bearing rotor 502, the radial stator core 303, the radial ring 302, and the magnet 301.

[0070] By setting front and rear axial iron cores, this invention enables a portion of the bias magnetic circuit to form a circulating magnetic circuit through only the rear axial iron core, while another portion of the bias magnetic circuit forms a circulating magnetic circuit through both the front and rear axial iron cores. This enhances the driving magnetic flux to the axial bearing rotor and improves the axial driving capability.

[0071] like Figure 4 The diagram shows the magnetic circuit principle of the bearing. The bias magnetic circuit 23 provided by the magnet 301 uses axial magnetization, with the N pole facing the rear axial core. The magnetic circuit forms a closed loop through the magnet, front / rear axial core, axial air gap, rotor, radial stator, and magnet, providing bias for both radial and axial directions. The axial control magnetic circuit 205 is a closed loop through the front axial core, air gap, rotor, and rear axial core, with the plane of the loop parallel to the rotor axis. The radial control magnetic circuit 305 is a radial control loop magnetic circuit through the radial stator, radial air gap, rotor, radial air gap, and radial stator, with the plane of the loop perpendicular to the axis.

[0072] In some embodiments, the bearing housing 1 is a cylindrical structure, which includes a first space 108 for accommodating the axial bearing 2 and a second space 109 for accommodating the radial bearing 3. The inner diameter of the inner wall of the first space 108 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner wall of the second space 109. A stepped structure is formed at the junction of the first space 108 and the second space 109. The stepped structure includes a first end face 102 of the housing. The axial bearing 2 abuts against the first end face 102 of the housing. The inner wall of the second space is formed as a first cylindrical surface 103 of the housing.

[0073] This is a preferred structural form of the bearing housing of the present invention. The first space and the second space respectively accommodate the axial bearing and the radial bearing, and a stepped structure is formed at the junction of the two spaces. The first end face of the housing is used to abut against the axial bearing, thereby providing axial thrust to the axial bearing and thus acting on the rotating shaft to provide axial thrust. The inner wall of the second space is formed as a first cylindrical surface of the housing that contacts the radial bearing. The axial bearing 2 is mounted in the housing via the first end face 102, and the radial bearing 3 is mounted in the housing via the first cylindrical surface 103. The radial bearing is arranged close to the motor. A heat insulation baffle 4 is mounted on the housing, located on the side of the radial bearing closest to the motor, to prevent heat transfer from the motor rotor to the bearing.

[0074] The bearing housing 1 of the present invention is made of non-magnetic material. The axial bearing 2 is installed in the housing through the first end face 102 of the housing and is positioned in the circumferential direction through the housing through hole 107. The radial bearing 3 is installed in the housing through the first cylindrical surface 103 of the housing and is positioned in the circumferential direction through the radial bearing positioning hole 106. The radial bearing is arranged close to the motor. The heat-insulating baffle 4 is installed on the second end face of the housing, located on the side of the radial bearing close to the motor, and is used to block the heat transfer of the motor rotor to the bearing.

[0075] In some embodiments, a baffle 4 is also included. An annular groove is provided at one axial end of the bearing housing 1 located in the second space 109. The bottom of the annular groove forms the second end face 105 of the housing, and the baffle 4 is disposed on the second end face 105 of the housing. The present invention also provides heat insulation through the baffle. Since the motor is located on the side of the baffle away from the radial bearing, the baffle effectively prevents the heat generated by the motor from affecting the normal operation of the magnetic levitation bearing.

[0076] In some embodiments, when the axial bearing 2 includes a rear axial core 204, the rear axial core 204 abuts against the first end face 102 of the housing; when the radial bearing 3 includes a radial ring 302, the radial ring 302 is connected to the first cylindrical surface 103 of the housing; a radial bearing positioning hole 106 is also provided on the bearing housing 1 at a position opposite to the second space, and the radial bearing positioning hole 106 extends from the outer wall of the bearing housing 1 to the inner wall.

[0077] The present invention can position the installation position of the radial bearing through the radial bearing positioning hole, and can form axial thrust and support by abutting the first end face of the housing through the rear axial iron core, and the radial ring is used to support the radial stator iron core in the radial direction.

[0078] In some embodiments, the bearing housing 1 is further provided with a housing through hole 107, which extends axially from the first end face 102 of the housing to the second end face 105 of the housing, and the housing through hole 107 can position the axial bearing;

[0079] The bearing housing 1 is also provided with a housing outlet hole 101, which extends from the inner wall of the bearing housing 1 to the outer wall.

[0080] The axial bearing also includes an axial bearing lead wire 206, and the radial bearing also includes a radial bearing lead wire 306. One end of the axial bearing lead wire 206 is connected to the axial winding 203, and the other end is led out from the housing outlet hole 101. One end of the radial bearing lead wire 306 is connected to the radial winding 304, and the other end passes through the housing through hole 107 and the housing outlet hole 101 in sequence and is led out.

[0081] The present invention also enables effective positioning of the axial bearing installation through the housing through hole opened on the bearing housing, and the lead wire of the radial bearing can also be led out through the housing through hole and led out to the outside of the bearing from the housing outlet hole; while the lead wire of the axial bearing is led out directly through the housing outlet hole, effectively completing the internal and external connection of the lead wire of the magnetic levitation bearing.

[0082] like Figure 5 The diagram shows the wiring of an existing magnetic levitation bearing. The axial bearing lead wire 206 is fixed to the front axial iron core by a wire clamp and is led out directly through the housing outlet hole 101 on the housing. The radial bearing lead wire 306 passes through the housing through hole 107 on the housing and is led out through the housing outlet hole 101.

[0083] The present invention also provides a magnetic levitation bearing system, comprising the magnetic levitation bearing described in any of the preceding claims, and further comprising a cooling channel capable of cooling the axial bearing and the radial bearing. The present invention also enables separate cooling of the axial bearing and the radial bearing during operation by providing the cooling channel, ensuring suitability for high-speed operating conditions.

[0084] In some embodiments, when the bearing housing 1 is a cylindrical structure, and its interior includes a first space for accommodating the axial bearing 2 and a second space for accommodating the radial bearing 3: a housing cooling hole 104 is provided on the bearing housing 1 in a manner that penetrates its outer wall to its inner wall;

[0085] The cooling channel includes a first cooling channel and a second cooling channel. The housing cooling hole 104 is opposite to and communicates with the first space. The first cooling channel includes a first axial cooling hole and a second axial cooling hole. The first axial cooling hole passes through the axial bearing stator along the axial direction, and the second axial cooling hole passes through the radial bearing stator along the axial direction.

[0086] The second cooling channel includes a radial cooling hole, a third axial cooling hole, and a fourth axial cooling hole. The radial cooling hole penetrates the axial bearing stator radially (preferably through the rear axial core), the third axial cooling hole penetrates the axial bearing rotor axially, and the fourth axial cooling hole penetrates the radial bearing rotor axially.

[0087] This is a preferred structural form of the cooling channel of the present invention. The first cooling channel is used to cool the axial bearing stator and the radial bearing stator. Further, the first axial cooling hole is used to cool the axial bearing stator, the second axial cooling hole is used to cool the radial bearing stator, the second cooling channel is used to cool the axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor. Specifically, the radial cooling hole is used to introduce external cooling air to the axial bearing rotor and the radial bearing rotor. The third axial cooling hole can cool the axial bearing rotor, and the fourth axial cooling hole can cool the radial bearing rotor.

[0088] The two cooling channels of the present invention are as follows: the first channel is an axial cooling circuit that cools the bearing stator: the cooling gas passes through the housing-axial bearing-radial bearing-heat insulation baffle-ambient gas to form a circuit; the second channel is a radial cooling circuit that cools the bearing rotor: the cooling gas passes through the housing-rear axial core-radial bearing rotor-heat insulation baffle-ambient gas to form a circuit.

[0089] In some embodiments, when the axial bearing includes a front axial core 201, a rear axial core 204, and an axial winding frame 202, the front axial core 201, the rear axial core 204, and the axial winding frame 202 are all provided with the first axial cooling holes axially opposite to each other. When the radial bearing includes a radial stator core 303 and a radial ring 302, the radial stator core 303 and the radial ring 302 are all provided with the second axial cooling holes axially opposite to each other.

[0090] This is a further preferred structural form of the first axial cooling hole and the second axial cooling hole of the present invention, namely, the first axial cooling hole is axially oppositely provided on the front axial core 201, the rear axial core 204 and the axial winding skeleton 202, so that cooling gas can pass through the front axial core 201, the rear axial core 204 and the axial winding skeleton to cool them; the second axial cooling hole is axially oppositely provided on the radial stator core 303 and the radial ring 302, so that cooling gas can pass through the radial stator core 303 and the radial ring 302 to cool them.

[0091] In some embodiments, when the axial bearing includes a rear axial core 204, the rear axial core 204 is provided with a radial cooling hole 204-2 at a position opposite to the housing cooling hole 104, the radial cooling hole 204-2 extending from the radial outer end to the radial inner end of the rear axial core 204; the third axial cooling hole and the fourth axial cooling hole are arranged opposite each other axially.

[0092] This is the preferred structural form of the radial cooling holes of the present invention, namely, they are opened inside the rear axial core and extend radially from the outer end to the inner end (the radial cooling holes are sealed from the outside in the axial direction). This effectively introduces cooling gas radially from the cooling holes in the shell to cool the axial and radial bearing rotors. The third and fourth axial cooling holes are axially opposite each other, ensuring gas flow and improving the cooling effect on the axial and radial rotors. A plurality of through radial cooling holes 204-2 are evenly arranged radially in the rear axial core 204 for cooling the bearing rotor. The number of cooling holes needs to be appropriate; in actual use, it can be comprehensively evaluated based on two indicators: bearing heat generation and without affecting the performance of the magnetic bearing.

[0093] like Figure 6The diagram shows the cooling principle of an existing magnetic levitation bearing. Cooling holes 104 are arranged circumferentially on the bearing housing 1; their number can be determined according to requirements, and their shape can be round, oblong, or other. Radial cooling holes 204-2 on the rear axial core are evenly distributed on the rear axial core, corresponding to the cooling holes 104. The structure includes a rotating shaft 5, a first cooling gas circuit 6, a second cooling gas circuit 7, cooling gas flowing through the rotor (i.e., rotor hot air 8), and a cooling gas outlet 9. Cooling holes are provided on the end faces of the front axial core 201, rear axial core 204, axial winding frame 202, radial stator core 303, radial ring 302, and heat-insulating baffle 4. All cooling holes are coaxially arranged to form the bearing's axial cooling channel, i.e., the first circuit, used to cool the bearing stator and coil. Several radial cooling holes are arranged radially on the rear axial core 204, corresponding to the holes on the housing. Cooling gas flows through these holes to the rotor and then out through the stator-rotor air gap, forming a radial cooling channel, i.e., the second circuit, used to cool the rotor. The above-mentioned axial and radial cooling channels together constitute the bearing's cooling system, which can provide specialized cooling for the bearing stator and rotor, resulting in better cooling effect.

[0094] like Figure 7 The diagram shows an existing rear axial core cooling channel. The rear axial core 204 has several radially evenly arranged through-holes for cooling the bearing rotor. The cooling holes can be circular, oblong, or other shapes, and the number of holes can be determined based on a comprehensive evaluation of both bearing heat generation and performance without affecting the magnetic bearing.

[0095] Working principle: Four control windings are wound on the radial stator core, with two coils connected in series to form a magnetic circuit, providing radial control current. When the rotor is subjected to a downward disturbance force and deviates from its equilibrium position, the displacement sensor detects the amount of displacement of the rotor from its reference position. The controller converts this displacement signal into a control signal, supplying current to the control coil. The generated magnetic flux is superimposed or weakened by the magnetic flux of the magnet, and the magnetic force acting on the rotor restores the rotor to its equilibrium position. In the axial direction, the axial coil provides axial control current. When the rotor is subjected to a rightward disturbance force and deviates to the right, the axial displacement sensor detects the deviation and feeds the signal back to the axial bearing. The magnetic flux generated by the axial coil is superimposed on the left side by the magnetic flux of the magnet, and the magnetic force pulls the rotor back to the left. Similarly, whether the rotor is subjected to an upward, leftward, or rightward disturbance force, the rotor can be returned to its equilibrium position by superimposing the control magnetic flux and the bias magnetic flux.

[0096] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic bearing, characterized by: Comprise: The bearing shell (1), axial bearing (2) and radial bearing (3), the axial bearing (2) and the radial bearing (3) are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (5), the axial bearing (2) comprises axial bearing rotor (501), the radial bearing (3) comprises radial bearing rotor (502), the axial bearing rotor (501) is arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (5) and is integrated with the rotating shaft (5) and rotates, the radial bearing rotor (502) is arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (5) and is integrated with the rotating shaft (5) and rotates, the axial bearing rotor (501) and the radial bearing rotor (502) are connected in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (5), the axial bearing (2) acts on the rotating shaft (5) through the axial bearing rotor (501), and the radial bearing (3) acts on the rotating shaft (5) through the radial bearing rotor (502); The axial bearing (2) comprises an axial bearing stator, the radial bearing (3) comprises a radial bearing stator, at least part of the structure of the axial bearing stator is located on the outer periphery of the axial bearing rotor (501), at least part of the structure of the radial bearing stator is located on the outer periphery of the radial bearing rotor (502), and the magnetic suspension bearing further comprises a magnetic steel (301), the magnetic steel (301) is located between the axial bearing stator and the radial bearing stator, and the magnetic steel (301) can provide a bias magnetic circuit for the axial bearing and the radial bearing respectively; One end of the magnetic steel (301) is connected with the axial bearing stator along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (5), the other end of the magnetic steel (301) is connected with the radial bearing stator, and the magnetic circuit generated by the magnetic steel (301) passes through the axial bearing stator, the axial bearing rotor (501), the radial bearing rotor (502), the radial bearing stator and the magnetic steel (301) to form a bias magnetic flux loop.

2. The magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, wherein: The axial bearing stator comprises a front axial core (201), an axial winding skeleton (202), an axial winding (203) and a rear axial core (204), the radial outer end of the front axial core (201) is connected with the radial outer end of the rear axial core (204), the radial inner end of the front axial core (201) and the radial inner end of the rear axial core (204) surround a first containing space, the axial winding skeleton (202) is arranged in the first containing space, and the axial winding (203) is wound on the axial winding skeleton (202), and the axial control magnetic circuit generated by the axial winding (203) passes through the rear axial core (204), the axial bearing rotor (501) and the front axial core (201) to form an axial control magnetic loop.

3. The magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 2, wherein: The rear axial core (204) is a circular ring disc structure, the front axial core (201) is also a ring structure, and the front axial core (201) comprises a first ring part (2011), a first cylindrical part (2012) and a second ring part (2013), the first cylindrical part (2012) is a cylinder, one axial end of the first cylindrical part (2012) is connected with a radial inner end of the first ring part (2011), the other axial end of the first cylindrical part (2012) is connected with a radial outer end of the second ring part (2013), an outer diameter of the first ring part (2011) is greater than an outer diameter of the second ring part (2013), and an inner diameter of the first ring part (2011) is greater than an inner diameter of the second ring part (2013), and the first cylindrical part (2012), the second ring part (2013) and the rear axial core (204) surround the first containing space.

4. The magnetic bearing of claim 2, wherein: The radial bearing stator comprises a radial ring (302), a radial stator core (303) and a radial winding (304), the radial stator core (303) is located at an inner periphery of the radial ring (302), and the radial winding (304) is wound on the radial stator core (303), and a radial control magnetic circuit generated by the radial winding (304) passes through the radial stator core (303) and the radial bearing rotor (502) to form a radial control magnetic loop.

5. The magnetic bearing of claim 4, wherein: The radial stator core (303) is a circular ring disc structure, the radial ring (302) is also a ring structure, and the radial ring (302) comprises a third ring part (3021) and a second cylindrical part (3022), the second cylindrical part (3022) is a cylinder, one axial end of the second cylindrical part (3022) is connected with a radial outer end of the third ring part (3021), and the second cylindrical part (3022) and the third ring part (3021) surround a second containing space containing the radial stator core (303).

6. The magnetic bearing of claim 4, wherein: A magnetic circuit generated by the magnetic steel (301) passes through the rear axial core (204), the axial bearing rotor (501), the radial bearing rotor (502), the radial stator core (303), the radial ring (302) and the magnetic steel (301) to form a first bias magnetic flux loop, and a magnetic circuit generated by the magnetic steel (301) passes through the rear axial core (204), the front axial core (201), the axial bearing rotor (501), the radial bearing rotor (502), the radial stator core (303), the radial ring (302) and the magnetic steel (301) to form a second bias magnetic flux loop.

7. The magnetic bearing of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: The bearing shell (1) is a cylindrical structure, and the inside thereof comprises a first space (108) for accommodating the axial bearing (2) and a second space (109) for accommodating the radial bearing (3), the inner diameter of the inner wall of the first space (108) is greater than that of the second space (109), a step structure is formed at the joint of the first space (108) and the second space (109), the step structure comprises a shell first end face (102), the axial bearing (2) abuts against the shell first end face (102), and the inner wall of the second space is formed as a shell first cylindrical surface (103).

8. The magnetic bearing of claim 7, wherein: Further comprising a baffle plate (4), an axial end of the bearing shell (1) at the second space (109) is provided with an annular recess, the bottom of the annular recess forms a shell second end face (105), and the baffle plate (4) is arranged on the shell second end face (105).

9. The magnetic bearing of claim 7, wherein: When the axial bearing (2) comprises a rear axial core (204), the rear axial core (204) abuts against the shell first end face (102), and when the radial bearing (3) comprises a radial ring (302), the radial ring (302) abuts against the shell first cylindrical surface (103); the bearing shell (1) is further provided with a radial bearing positioning hole (106) at a position opposite to the second space, and the radial bearing positioning hole (106) penetrates from the outer wall to the inner wall of the bearing shell (1).

10. The magnetic bearing of claim 8, wherein: The bearing shell (1) is further provided with a shell via hole (107), the shell via hole (107) penetrates from the shell first end face (102) to the shell second end face (105) in the axial direction, and the shell via hole (107) can position the axial bearing; The bearing shell (1) is further provided with a shell wire outlet hole (101), the shell wire outlet hole (101) penetrates from the inner wall to the outer wall of the bearing shell (1); When the axial bearing stator comprises an axial winding (203) and the radial bearing stator comprises a radial winding (304), the axial bearing further comprises an axial bearing lead wire (206), and the radial bearing further comprises a radial bearing lead wire (306), one end of the axial bearing lead wire (206) is connected with the axial winding (203), and the other end thereof is led out from the shell wire outlet hole (101), one end of the radial bearing lead wire (306) is connected with the radial winding (304), and the other end thereof penetrates through the shell via hole (107) and the shell wire outlet hole (101) in sequence and is led out.

11. A magnetic bearing system characterized by: The magnetic bearing system of claim 11, further comprising a cooling channel capable of cooling the axial bearing and the radial bearing.

12. The magnetic bearing system of claim 11, wherein: When the bearing housing (1) is a cylindrical structure, and the inside of the bearing housing (1) comprises a first space for accommodating the axial bearing (2) and a second space for accommodating the radial bearing (3), the bearing housing (1) is provided with a housing cooling hole (104) penetrating through the outer wall to the inner wall of the bearing housing (1); When the axial bearing (2) comprises an axial bearing stator, and the radial bearing (3) comprises a radial bearing stator, the cooling channel comprises a first cooling channel and a second cooling channel, the housing cooling hole (104) is opposite to and communicates with the first space, the first cooling channel comprises a first axial cooling hole and a second axial cooling hole, the first axial cooling hole penetrates through the axial bearing stator in the axial direction, and the second axial cooling hole penetrates through the radial bearing stator in the axial direction; The second cooling channel comprises a radial cooling hole (204-2), a third axial cooling hole and a fourth axial cooling hole, the radial cooling hole (204-2) penetrates through the axial bearing stator in the radial direction, the third axial cooling hole penetrates through the axial bearing rotor in the axial direction, and the fourth axial cooling hole penetrates through the radial bearing rotor in the axial direction.

13. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 12, wherein: When the axial bearing stator comprises a front axial core (201), an axial winding former (202), an axial winding (203) and a rear axial core (204), the first axial cooling hole is arranged on the front axial core (201), the rear axial core (204) and the axial winding former (202) in the axial direction opposite to each other, and when the radial bearing comprises a radial stator core (303) and a radial ring (302), the second axial cooling hole is arranged on the radial stator core (303) and the radial ring (302) in the axial direction opposite to each other.

14. The magnetic bearing system according to claim 12, wherein: When the axial bearing stator comprises a front axial core (201), an axial winding former (202), an axial winding (203) and a rear axial core (204), the radial cooling hole (204-2) is arranged on the rear axial core (204) in the radial direction opposite to the housing cooling hole (104), and the radial cooling hole (204-2) penetrates through from the radial outer end of the rear axial core (204) to the radial inner end of the rear axial core (204); and the third axial cooling hole and the fourth axial cooling hole are arranged in the axial direction opposite to each other. ​

Images