A double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties

Abstract

The present invention proposes a double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable stress performance, including a roof upper skin cross beam system, a roof lower skin grid structure system, a V-column system, a string structure system, and a control connection component system; the V-column system connects the roof upper skin cross beam system to form an upper rigid frame structure system; the string structure system is connected to the upper rigid frame structure system to form a "rigid frame structure system with strings"; the control connection component system connects the "rigid frame structure system with strings" and the roof lower skin grid structure system. The structural system proposed by the present invention combines the characteristics of the rigid frame structure system, the string structure system, and the space grid structure system. By applying prestress and reasonably selecting the spring stiffness to actively control the stress performance of each part, the cross-sectional size and material consumption of the structural components are effectively reduced. It can be used to set a lightweight roof with double-skin building skins of different functions and forms, and obtain a light and transparent architectural effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of construction engineering, and in particular relates to a roof structure system in a large-span building. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of social and economic levels and construction technology, the shapes of roofs of large-span buildings (such as terminal buildings, high-speed railway stations, exhibition halls, theaters, museums, etc.) are becoming more and more complex and diverse. The traditional single-form large-span structural system (such as rigid frame structure, arch structure, truss structure, grid structure, lattice shell structure, cable structure, membrane structure) often cannot meet the needs of building roofs, and it is necessary to adopt two or more structural forms for hybrid combination.

[0003] In recent years, a variety of hybrid structures have been applied to large-span spatial structures, such as cable dome structures that combine cables, membranes and compression rods, suspensory dome structures that combine cable domes with single-layer spherical lattice shells, beam-string structures or suspensory truss structures that combine beams, arches or trusses with tensile members, cable-arch structures that combine arches with cables, and cable-stayed grid structures that combine towers, cables and grid structures. Application projects include Sydney Convention and Exhibition Center, Hamburg History Museum, Berlin New Railway Station, Hohhot Civil Aviation Hangar, Beijing Asian Games Complex, New Guangzhou Railway Station, etc. On the one hand, the above-mentioned hybrid spatial structures are only applicable to single-layer roofs. When it is required to set up a double-layer skin with different functions and forms in the roof in some cases, these structural systems are no longer applicable. On the other hand, the components of these hybrid structural systems are passively combined, and it is impossible to actively control the internal forces and deformations of each part under various working conditions to meet the needs of structural stress and architectural form.

[0004] In view of the above reasons, the development of a hybrid structural system that can set up a double-layer building skin and can easily actively control the internal forces and deformations between the various components of the structure is of great significance for meeting the increasingly complex and diverse roof forms and force requirements and ensuring the stable mechanical properties of the various components of the hybrid structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid roof structure system that can actively control the stress and deformation of each component of the structure, and can set a double-layer building skin with different functions and forms in the roof to meet the increasingly complex and diverse building roof forms and stress requirements.

[0006] The above purpose can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable force performance, including an upper roof skin, a lower roof skin, a V-column system, a string structure system, and a control connection component system;

[0008] The roof upper skin adopts the roof upper skin cross beam system;

[0009] The lower skin of the roof adopts a lower skin grid structure system;

[0010] The V-column system is arranged below the upper skin of the roof, connecting the cross beam system of the upper skin of the roof to form an upper rigid frame structure system;

[0011] The string structure system is arranged below the upper skin of the roof, applies prestress, is connected to the V-column system, and is connected to the upper rigid frame structure system to form a "rigid frame structure system with string", which is used to control the bending moment and deformation in the steel beam of the upper skin roof, which is beneficial to reducing the cross-sectional size and material consumption of the steel beam of the upper skin;

[0012] The regulating connection component system is arranged between the upper skin of the roof and the lower skin of the roof, connecting the "rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings" and the grid structure system of the lower skin of the roof, and is used to actively control the stress performance of each part of the structural components in the structural system.

[0013] The cross steel beams on the roof surface are arranged in combination with the roof superstructure surface, and include the roof surface oblique steel beams 1, the roof surface transverse steel beams 2 and the roof surface side beams 3; wherein,

[0014] A number of roof upper skin oblique steel beams 1 are evenly arranged obliquely, and a number of roof upper skin transverse steel beams 2 are evenly arranged transversely. The two are cross-connected to form a grid. The roof upper skin side beams 3 are set at the edge. The three constitute a grid-like roof upper skin cross beam system, and the numerous intersections inside it form the upper skin steel beam cross nodes S.

[0015] The roof lower skin grid structure system is combined with the roof lower building skin, including the roof lower skin oblique steel beam 12, the roof lower skin transverse steel beam 13, and the roof lower skin edge beam 14; wherein,

[0016] A number of oblique steel beams 12 of the lower skin of the roof are evenly arranged obliquely, and a number of transverse steel beams 13 of the lower skin of the roof are evenly arranged transversely, and the two are cross-connected to form a grid shape, and the side beams 14 of the lower skin of the roof are arranged at the edge. The three constitute the grid structure system of the lower skin of the roof, and the numerous intersections inside are the intersection nodes X of the lower skin steel beams;

[0017] The ends of the lower skin oblique steel beams 12 and the lower skin transverse steel beams 13 intersect with the lower skin edge beams 14, and the intersection point is the lower skin grid structure column foot 15; the lower skin edge beams 14 are connected to the lower skin foundation through the lower skin grid structure column foot 15.

[0018] The V-column system is arranged below the roof upper skin, connecting the roof upper skin cross beam system and the roof foundation, and includes multiple groups of V-columns; each group of V-columns includes two inwardly inclined steel columns 4 and one outwardly inclined steel column 5; the tops of the inwardly inclined steel columns and the outwardly inclined steel columns are connected to the roof upper skin cross beam system, and the bottoms of the inwardly inclined steel columns 4 and the outwardly inclined steel columns are connected to the roof foundation, wherein:

[0019] The top end of the inwardly inclined steel column 4 is connected to the inner steel beam of the cross beam system of the roof upper skin, and the connection point is the top node 7 of the inwardly inclined steel column;

[0020] The top end of the outward-inclined steel column 5 is connected to the edge beam of the cross beam system of the roof upper surface, and the connection point is the outward-inclined steel column top node 8;

[0021] It is connected to the roof foundation through the V-column foot node 6.

[0022] The string structure system is arranged at the lower part of the cross beam system on the roof surface, connected to the V-column, and includes multiple string braces; each string brace includes a transverse steel tie rod 9, four oblique steel tie rods 10 and two bracing rods 11; wherein,

[0023] The top end of the oblique steel tie rod 10 is connected to the top node 7 of the inwardly inclined steel column of the V-column;

[0024] The top end of the support rod 11 is connected to the cross beam system of the roof upper skin;

[0025] The bottom ends of two inclined string steel rods 10 and a string support rod 11 intersect, and the intersection point is a string support node Z. Both ends of the string transverse steel rod 9 are respectively connected to the two string support nodes.

[0026] The regulating connection component system is arranged between the rigid frame structure system with tension strings and the lower skin grid structure system, connecting the tension string structure system and the lower skin grid structure system to form a double-skin roof hybrid structure system whose stress performance can be actively controlled; the regulating connection component system includes a plurality of spring connection units 16; the axial stiffness of each spring connection unit is determined according to the stress characteristics of the upper rigid frame structure system and the lower surface grid structure system of the roof, and is used to actively control the stress performance of each part of the structural components in the structural system; the upper end of the spring connection unit 16 is connected to the intersection node Z of the tension string transverse steel tie rod 9, the tension string oblique steel tie rod 10 and the strut 11, and the lower end is connected to the intersection node X of the lower skin oblique steel beam 12 and the lower skin transverse steel beam 13.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the spring connection unit with limited stiffness may be an element formed by disc springs connected in series.

[0028] Furthermore, the spring connection unit 16 includes a connecting ear plate 16-1, a sleeve 16-2, a cross-shaped movable link 16-3 and a disc spring string 16-4; wherein:

[0029] There are two connecting ear plates 16-1, which are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the sleeve 16-2, and are respectively used to connect the upper and lower structural systems (the rigid frame structural system with string tension and the lower cross grid structural system); the upper connecting ear plate is fixed to the cross-shaped movable connecting rod 16-3, and the lower connecting ear plate is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve 16-2;

[0030] The disc spring string 16-4 and the cross-shaped movable link 16-3 are both confined in a sleeve 16-2 with sealing plates at both ends, and the cross-shaped movable link 16-3 in the sleeve 16-2: its cross bar divides the disc spring string 16-4 into two parts, and its vertical bar passes through the through hole of the disc spring string 16-4, thereby providing variable axial elastic stiffness; the vertical bar of the cross-shaped movable link 16-3, its upper end is fixed to the connecting ear plate at the same position, and its lower end is free (i.e. not fixed) to the connecting ear plate at the same position; the connecting rod can move up and down in the sleeve by compressing the disc spring string 16-4.

[0031] As a preferred solution, the cross beam system of the roof upper skin, the connection nodes between the oblique steel beams of the roof upper skin and the oblique steel beams of the roof upper skin and the transverse steel beams of the roof upper skin adopt rigid joints.

[0032] As a preferred solution, the cross-grid structural system of the lower building skin of the roof adopts rigid joints between the oblique steel beams of the lower skin of the roof and at the nodes between the oblique steel beams of the lower skin of the roof and the transverse steel beams of the lower skin of the roof.

[0033] As a preferred solution, the inwardly inclined steel column of the V-pillar is a fusiform column.

[0034] As a preferred solution, the V-pillar camber column adopts a uniform cross-section round steel pipe column with a slenderness ratio close to 200.

[0035] As a preferred solution, the column bottoms and column tops of the V-pillar outward-inclined steel column and the inward-inclined steel column adopt hinged nodes.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the structural system proposed by the present invention organically combines the various parts into a whole, and adjusts the strength of the interaction between the various parts through the idea of ​​active control, taking advantage of each other's strengths and making up for each other's weaknesses, giving full play to the mechanical performance of the structure, and is a new structural system that fully utilizes the efficiency of structural materials. The specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0037] 1) Applicable to double-layer building skins: In the structural system provided by the present invention, an upper building skin can be arranged at the cross beams of the upper rigid frame structure, and a lower building skin can be arranged at the lower cross beams, which can meet the demand of arranging double-layer building skins with different functions and forms in one structural system.

[0038] 2) Actively control the stress performance of the structure: By adjusting the connection component system (a number of spring connection units with finite stiffness) to connect the upper rigid frame structure system and the lower grid structure system, and selecting the appropriate spring axial stiffness, the strength of the interaction between the upper rigid frame structure system and the lower cross grid structure system can be actively controlled. On the one hand, the upper rigid frame structure system is used to suspend part of the load borne by the lower cross grid structure system to reduce the internal force and deformation of the cross grid structure system. On the other hand, the upper rigid frame structure system is prevented from exerting excessive "squeezing" and "pulling" effects on the lower cross grid structure, which may lead to the destruction of the lower grid structure system.

[0039] 3) The structural system is highly efficient in stress: A string structure system is added to the lower part of the rigid frame structure system to form a rigid frame structure system with strings. Prestress is applied to the string steel tie rods to control the bending moment and deformation in the steel beams of the upper skin roof, which is beneficial to reducing the cross-sectional size and material consumption of the upper skin steel beams.

[0040] 4) The roof components are light and slender: Part of the load borne by the cross-grid structure of the lower skin is suspended on the rigid frame structure of the upper skin, and the "squeezing" and "pulling" effects of the upper rigid frame structure on the lower grid structure system under strong winds and earthquakes are reduced by adjusting the connection component system (setting axial spring connection units with limited stiffness), thereby greatly reducing the internal force and deformation of the lower grid structure. The component size of the grid structure can be controlled to be smaller, achieving the effect of lightness and transparency of the lower skin grid structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is an axial schematic diagram of a double-skin roof hybrid structure system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is an axial schematic diagram of an upper cross steel beam in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is an axial schematic diagram of the lower cross grid steel beam in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is an axial schematic diagram of a V-pillar, a cable-string support structure and a spring connection unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of node connection of a spring connection unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a spring connection unit component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] in,

[0048] The upper skin of the roof is provided with an oblique steel beam 1, the upper skin of the roof is provided with a transverse steel beam 2, and the upper skin of the roof is provided with an edge beam 3;

[0049] Inwardly inclined steel column 4, outwardly inclined steel column 5, column foot node 6, inwardly inclined steel column column top node 7, outwardly inclined steel column column top node 8;

[0050] Transverse steel tie rod 9, oblique steel tie rod 10, support rod 11;

[0051] The oblique steel beams 12 of the lower skin of the roof, the transverse steel beams 13 of the lower skin of the roof, the side beams 14 of the lower skin of the roof, and the column foot 15 of the grid structure of the lower skin of the roof;

[0052] The spring connection unit 16 includes a connecting ear plate 16 - 1 , a sleeve 16 - 2 , a cross-shaped movable connecting rod 16 - 3 , and a disc spring string 16 - 4 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solution provided by the present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent with the following description.

[0054] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application have better practicability and are not any form of limitation to the present application. The technical features or combinations of technical features described in the embodiments of the present application should not be considered to be isolated, and they can be combined with each other to achieve better technical effects. The scope of the preferred implementation of the present application may also include other implementations, and this should be understood by those skilled in the art of the present application embodiment.

[0055] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0056] The drawings of this application are in very simplified form and in non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the restrictive conditions under which this application can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship, or adjustment of size should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application. The same reference numerals appearing in the drawings of this application represent the same features or components, which can be applied in different embodiments.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable force performance includes an upper roof skin, a lower roof skin, a V-column system, a string structure system, and a control connection component system;

[0058] The roof upper skin adopts the roof upper skin cross beam system;

[0059] The lower skin of the roof adopts a lower skin grid structure system;

[0060] The V-column system is arranged below the upper skin of the roof, connecting the cross beam system of the upper skin of the roof to form an upper rigid frame structure system;

[0061] The string structure system is arranged below the upper skin of the roof, applies prestress, is connected to the V-column system, and is connected to the upper rigid frame structure system to form a "rigid frame structure system with string", which is used to control the bending moment and deformation in the steel beam of the upper skin roof, which is beneficial to reducing the cross-sectional size and material consumption of the steel beam of the upper skin;

[0062] The regulating connection component system is arranged between the upper skin of the roof and the lower skin of the roof, connecting the "rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings" and the grid structure system of the lower skin of the roof, and is used to actively control the stress performance of each part of the structural components in the structural system.

[0063] like Figure 2 The cross beam system of the roof upper skin is arranged according to the roof upper structure skin, including the roof upper skin oblique steel beam 1, the roof upper skin transverse steel beam 2 and the roof upper skin edge beam 3; wherein,

[0064] A number of roof upper skin oblique steel beams 1 are evenly arranged obliquely, and a number of roof upper skin transverse steel beams 2 are evenly arranged transversely. The two are cross-connected to form a grid. The roof upper skin side beams 3 are set at the edge. The three constitute a grid-like roof upper skin cross beam system, and the numerous intersections inside it form the upper skin steel beam cross nodes S.

[0065] Preferably, the cross steel beams of the superstructure skin, the diagonal steel beams of the roof skin, and the connection nodes of the diagonal steel beams of the roof skin and the transverse steel beams of the roof skin adopt rigid connection nodes. With such a design, the cross steel beams of the roof superstructure skin have greater bending and torsional rigidity in and out of the plane, which enhances the integrity of the roof and can support the large cantilever structure of the roof eaves.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the roof lower skin grid structure system is arranged according to the lower building skin of the roof, including the lower skin oblique steel beam 12, the lower skin transverse steel beam 13, and the lower skin edge beam 14; wherein,

[0067] A number of oblique steel beams 12 of the lower skin of the roof are evenly arranged obliquely, and a number of transverse steel beams 13 of the lower skin of the roof are evenly arranged transversely, and the two are cross-connected to form a grid shape, and the side beams 14 of the lower skin of the roof are arranged at the edge. The three constitute the grid structure system of the lower skin of the roof, and the numerous intersections inside are the intersection nodes X of the lower skin steel beams;

[0068] The ends of the lower skin oblique steel beams 12 and the lower skin transverse steel beams 13 intersect with the lower skin edge beams 14, and the intersection point is the lower skin grid structure column foot 15; the lower skin edge beams 14 are connected to the lower skin foundation through the lower skin grid structure column foot 15.

[0069] Preferably, in the cross-grid structural system of the lower building skin of the roof, rigid joints are used between the oblique steel beams of the lower skin of the roof and at the connection nodes between the oblique steel beams of the lower skin of the roof and the transverse steel beams of the lower skin of the roof. With such a design, the bending rigidity and torsional rigidity of the steel beams at the lower building skin of the roof are relatively strong in the plane and out of the plane, thereby enhancing the integrity of the roof.

[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the V-column system is arranged below the upper skin of the roof, connecting the cross beam system of the upper skin of the roof and the roof foundation, and includes multiple groups of V-columns; each group of V-columns includes two inward-inclined steel columns 4 and one outward-inclined steel column 5, wherein:

[0071] The top end of the inward-inclined steel column 4 is connected to the roof upper skin steel beam (the roof upper skin oblique steel beam 1, the roof upper skin transverse steel beam 2), and the connection point is the inward-inclined steel column top node 7;

[0072] The top end of the outward-inclined steel column 5 is connected to the roof upper skin edge beam 3, and the connection point is the outward-inclined steel column top node 8;

[0073] It is connected to the roof foundation through the V-column foot node 6; during implementation, the bottom ends of the inwardly inclined steel column 4 and the outwardly inclined steel column 5 can be connected together to the roof foundation, or can be connected to the roof foundation separately.

[0074] Preferably, the tops of the inwardly inclined steel columns 4 and the outwardly inclined steel columns 5 of the V-columns are connected to the intersection nodes S of the upper skin oblique steel beams 1 and the upper skin transverse steel beams 2 of the roof, and are hinged to the upper skin transverse steel beams of the roof;

[0075] Preferably, the V-pillar inward-inclined steel column adopts a shuttle-shaped column with a variable cross-section. Such a design can reduce the cross-sectional dimensions of the column bottom and column top while ensuring the strength and stable bearing capacity of the column, making the column appearance more slender and beautiful;

[0076] Preferably, the V-pillar outward column adopts a uniform cross-section round steel pipe column with a slenderness ratio close to 200. With such a design, the column has a slimmer and lighter appearance while meeting the bearing capacity of the steel column.

[0077] Preferably, the column bottom and column top of the V-pillar outward-inclined steel column and the inward-inclined steel column adopt hinged nodes. Such a design can avoid the steel column from being subjected to bending moment, and the column cross-section size is slimmer, the node is simpler, and the force is more reasonable.

[0078] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the string structure system is arranged at the lower part of the cross beam system on the roof surface, and includes multiple string braces; each string brace includes a transverse steel tie rod 9, four oblique steel tie rods 10 and two braces 11; wherein,

[0079] A transverse steel tie rod 9, connecting the bottom ends of the support rod 11 and the oblique steel tie rod 10;

[0080] The top end of the inclined steel tie rod 10 is connected to the top node 7 of the inwardly inclined steel column of the V-column, and the bottom end of the inclined steel tie rod 10 is connected to the bottom end of the support rod 11 and the transverse steel tie rod 9;

[0081] The top end of the support rod 11 is connected to the cross beam system of the roof upper skin, and the bottom end of the support rod 11 is connected to the bottom end of the oblique steel tie rod 10 and the transverse steel tie rod 9;

[0082] The bottom ends of two inclined string steel rods 10 and a string support rod 11 intersect, and the intersection point is a string support node Z. Both ends of the string transverse steel rod 9 are respectively connected to the two string support nodes.

[0083] In the embodiment, six groups of V-columns and the cross beam system of the roof upper skin constitute a rigid frame structure system, and five string-cable braces and the rigid frame structure system constitute a string-cable rigid frame structure system. The rigid frame structure system is connected to the roof foundation through the V-column foot node 6.

[0084] The regulating connection component system is arranged between the rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings and the lower skin grid structure system, connecting the tensioned string structure system and the lower skin grid structure system to form a double-skin roof hybrid structure system whose stress performance can be actively controlled; the regulating connection component system includes a plurality of spring connection units 16; the axial stiffness of each spring connection unit is determined according to the stress characteristics of the upper rigid frame structure system and the lower surface grid structure system of the roof, and is used to actively control the stress performance of each part of the structural components in the structural system.

[0085] As shown in FIG1 , a spring connection unit 16 with limited stiffness is provided between the rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings and the lower skin grid structure system to connect the two into a double-skin roof hybrid structure system whose stress performance can be actively controlled. Figure 4As shown, in the embodiment, the upper end of the spring connection unit 16 is connected to the intersection node Z of the chord transverse steel tie rod 9, the chord diagonal steel tie rod 10 and the strut 11, and the lower end is connected to the intersection node X of the lower skin diagonal steel beam 12 and the lower skin transverse steel beam 13.

[0086] Preferably, the spring connection unit with limited stiffness can be an element formed by a series connection of disc springs. With such a design, the strength of the interaction between the upper frame structure system and the lower cross grid structure system can be actively controlled by selecting the appropriate axial stiffness of the disc springs. The connection unit can provide stiffness requirements that meet the force performance in a smaller size space, and the appearance of the connection unit is more beautiful.

[0087] like Figure 5 In the embodiment, the spring connection unit 16 includes a connecting ear plate 16-1, a sleeve 16-2, a cross-shaped movable link 16-3 and a disc spring string 16-4, wherein:

[0088] There are two connecting ear plates 16-1, which are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the sleeve 16-2, and are respectively used to connect the upper and lower structural systems (the rigid frame structural system with tensioned strings and the lower cross grid structural system); the upper connecting ear plate is fixed to the cross-shaped movable rod 16-3, and the lower connecting ear plate is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve 16-2;

[0089] The disc spring string 16-4 and the cross-shaped movable link 16-3 are both confined in a sleeve 16-2 with sealing plates at both ends, and the cross-shaped movable link 16-3 in the sleeve 16-2: its cross bar divides the disc spring string 16-4 into two parts, and its vertical bar passes through the through hole of the disc spring string 16-4, thereby providing variable axial elastic stiffness; the vertical bar of the cross-shaped movable link 16-3, its upper end is fixed to the connecting ear plate at the same position, and its lower end is free (i.e. not fixed) to the connecting ear plate at the same position; the connecting rod can move up and down in the sleeve by compressing the disc spring string 16-4.

[0090] In the embodiment, the two connecting ear plates 16-1 of the spring connecting unit 16 are respectively connected to two nodes, wherein one connecting node is the intersection node Z of the chord transverse steel tie rod 9, the chord diagonal steel tie rod 10 and the strut 11; the other connecting node is the intersection node X of the lower skin diagonal steel beam 12 and the lower skin transverse steel beam 13, and the spring connecting unit is hinged to the lower skin transverse steel beam.

[0091] The design principle (working principle) and stress characteristics of the above structural system are:

[0092] The structural system proposed by the present invention combines the characteristics of the rigid frame structural system, the string structural system, and the space grid structural system:

[0093] A stable upper rigid frame structure system is composed of the upper skin inclined steel beam 1, the upper skin transverse steel beam 2, the upper skin edge beam 3, the inwardly inclined steel column 4 and the outwardly inclined steel column 5. It has good vertical bearing capacity, vertical stiffness, lateral bearing capacity and lateral stiffness, which can ensure the safety of the entire roof under strong winds and earthquakes and meet the force requirements under various loads.

[0094] The string structure system is composed of transverse steel tie rods 9, diagonal steel tie rods 10 and struts 11. The transverse steel tie rods 9, diagonal steel tie rods 10 and struts 11 are added below the rigid frame structure system to form a "rigid frame structure system with string". By applying prestress in the steel tie rods, the bending moment and deformation of the upper skin cross steel beams (roof upper skin diagonal steel beams 1, roof upper skin transverse steel beams 2) under the vertical load can be effectively reduced, and the cross-sectional size and material consumption of the upper skin cross steel beams (roof upper skin diagonal steel beams 1, roof upper skin transverse steel beams 2) can be reduced to achieve a thin and light architectural effect on the roof upper skin.

[0095] A stable spatial grid structure system (grid structure system under the roof) is formed by the oblique steel beams 12 of the roof lower skin, the transverse steel beams 13 of the roof lower skin, and the side beams 14 of the roof lower skin. When the cross-sectional dimensions of the grid components are designed to be relatively slender, the deformation of the grid structure under the action of the dead load is relatively large, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the specification limit.

[0096] When the steel frame on the roof surface is subjected to large wind pressure, snow pressure or a major earthquake, the cross steel beams of the upper frame structure will undergo large vertical and lateral deformations, thereby exerting a large "squeezing" or "pulling" effect on the lower cross grid structure, which can easily lead to damage to the lower delicate cross grid structure. To this end, the mechanism of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0097] On the one hand, the lower skin space grid structure is connected to the "rigid frame structure system with strings" by regulating the connection component system. By reasonably controlling the construction sequence, the lower skin space grid structure system is installed later than the "rigid frame structure system with strings". Part of the dead load borne by the lower skin space grid structure is suspended on the "rigid frame structure system with strings", which greatly reduces the internal force and deformation of the lower skin space grid structure components under the vertical load, which is conducive to designing the components of the cross grid structure to be slender and achieving the light and transparent architectural effect of the lower skin of the roof.

[0098] On the other hand, the control connection component system connecting the lower skin grid structure and the "rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings" uses spring connection units with limited stiffness as the elements. By selecting and adjusting the appropriate spring axial stiffness, the strength of the interaction between the lower skin grid structure and the "rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings" is actively controlled:

[0099] In this way, on the one hand, the upper rigid frame structure system can be used to suspend part of the load borne by the lower space grid structure system, thereby reducing the internal force and deformation of the lower cross grid structure system. On the other hand, it can avoid the upper rigid frame structure system from exerting excessive "squeezing" and "pulling" on the lower space grid structure under strong winds and earthquakes, thereby preventing the lower skin space grid structure system from being damaged.

[0100] The structural system proposed by the present invention organically combines the various parts of the structure into a whole, and adjusts the strength of the interaction between the various parts through the idea of ​​active control, taking advantage of each other's strengths and making up for each other's weaknesses, giving full play to the force performance of the structure, and is a new structural system that fully utilizes the efficiency of structural materials. Its structural characteristics ensure that a double-layer building skin with different functions and forms can be set in the roof, and the internal forces and deformations of different components of the structure can be conveniently actively controlled to ensure that the roof exerts stable mechanical properties to meet the increasingly complex and diverse building roof forms and force requirements.

[0101] During implementation, the angle between the upper oblique steel beam 1 of the roof surface and the upper transverse steel beam 2 of the roof surface can be changed, and the oblique steel beam 1 can also be orthogonal to the upper transverse steel beam 2 of the roof surface. When the connection node between the upper oblique steel beam 1 of the roof surface and the upper transverse steel beam 2 of the roof surface is rigidly connected, the cross steel beams of the roof superstructure surface have large bending and torsional rigidity in and out of the plane, which enhances the integrity of the roof and can support the large cantilever structure of the roof eaves. However, in the non-cantilever area, the connection node between the upper oblique steel beam 1 of the roof surface and the upper transverse steel beam 2 of the roof surface can be designed as a hinged or semi-rigid node.

[0102] During implementation, the cross-sectional types of the upper skin oblique steel beams 1, the upper skin transverse steel beams 2, and the upper skin edge beams 3 can be closed cross-sectional types, such as box cross-sectional types, circular cross-sectional types, etc., or can be designed as open cross-sectional types, such as I-shaped cross-sectional types, C-shaped cross-sectional types, etc. Generally, when the closed cross-sectional types are designed, the torsional resistance and overall performance of the roof are better.

[0103] During implementation, the column bottom node 6 and column top node 7 of the inward-inclined steel column 4 can be hinged nodes or rigid nodes. The column bottom node 6 and column top node 8 of the outward-inclined steel column 5 can be hinged nodes or rigid nodes. Generally, when the node is designed as a hinged node, the node structure is simple and the appearance is more beautiful. The column bottom node 6 of the inward-inclined steel column 4 and the column bottom node 6 of the outward-inclined steel column 5 of the same group of V-columns can be connected to the foundation separately, or they can be combined into one node and connected to the foundation.

[0104] During implementation, the inward-inclined steel column 4 and the outward-inclined steel column 5 can be a closed section, such as a circular tube section, a box section, an elliptical section, etc., or an open section, such as an I-section, a cross section, etc. The inward-inclined steel column 4 and the outward-inclined steel column 5 can be designed as a uniform cross-section column, a shuttle column, or other forms of variable cross-section columns along the length direction of the column. When the inward-inclined steel column 4 is generally designed as a shuttle column with a closed cross-section, the cross-section size is small and the stable bearing capacity is better. The outward-inclined steel column 5 is generally designed as a uniform cross-section steel column with a closed cross-section, the cross-section size is small and the stable bearing capacity is better.

[0105] During implementation, the material of the transverse steel tie rod 9 and the oblique steel tie rod 10 can be a steel tie rod, or a flexible structural material such as a steel strand, a steel wire rope, or a steel wire bundle.

[0106] During implementation, the number of V-columns can be three, four, five, six, etc., whichever can maintain the stability of the structure. The number of cable braces can be two, three, four, five, etc., which needs to be determined according to the size of the roof and the number of V-columns.

[0107] During implementation, the angle between the oblique steel beam 12 under the roof and the transverse steel beam 13 under the roof can be changed, and the oblique steel beam 12 under the roof can also be orthogonal to the transverse steel beam 13 under the roof. Generally, the connection node between the oblique steel beam 12 under the roof and the transverse steel beam 13 under the roof is a rigid or semi-rigid node. With such a design, the bending rigidity and torsional rigidity of the steel beam at the surface of the lower building of the roof are strong in the plane and out of the plane, thereby enhancing the integrity of the roof. The linear shape of the oblique steel beam 12 under the roof and the transverse steel beam 13 under the roof can be a straight line or a curve.

[0108] During implementation, the cross-sectional type of the lower skin oblique steel beam 12 and the lower skin transverse steel beam 13 of the roof can be a closed cross-sectional type, such as a box cross-sectional type, a circular cross-sectional type, etc., or can be designed as an open cross-sectional type, such as an I-shaped cross-sectional type, a C-shaped cross-sectional type, etc. Generally, when the closed cross-sectional type is designed, the torsional resistance and overall performance of the roof are better.

[0109] During implementation, the column foot node 15 connecting the cross grid system under the roof and the foundation can be a rigid node or a hinged node. Generally, when it is designed as a hinged node, the structure is simpler and the construction is more convenient.

[0110] During implementation, the spring connection unit may be composed of a spring string of disc springs to provide spring stiffness, or may be composed of other materials or structures such as wire springs, rubber springs, hydraulic oil, etc. that can provide limited elastic stiffness.

[0111] Preferably, when the spring connection unit adopts a disc spring, the axial stiffness is large, and the axial stiffness that meets the structural force requirements can be provided within a limited size range, and the durability and mechanical stability of the connection element are better.

[0112] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0113] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any changes or modifications made by any person skilled in the art based on the above disclosed technical contents shall be deemed as equivalent effective embodiments and shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties, comprising an upper roof skin and a lower roof skin, characterized in that: It also includes V-column system, string structure system, and control connection component system; The roof upper skin adopts the roof upper skin cross beam system; The roof lower skin adopts the roof lower skin grid structure system; The V-column system is arranged below the roof upper skin and connects the cross beam system of the roof upper skin to form an upper rigid frame structure system; The string structure system is set below the roof skin, applies prestress, is connected to the V-column system, and is connected to the upper rigid frame structure system to form a "rigid frame structure system with string". It is used to control the bending moment and deformation in the steel beams of the upper skin roof, which is conducive to reducing the cross-sectional size and material consumption of the steel beams of the upper skin roof; The regulating connection component system is arranged between the upper skin of the roof and the lower skin of the roof, connecting the "rigid frame structure system with tensioned strings" and the grid structure system of the lower skin of the roof, and is used to actively control the stress performance of each structural component in the double-skin roof hybrid structure system; the regulating connection component system includes a plurality of spring connection units (16), and the axial stiffness of each spring connection unit is determined according to the stress characteristics of the upper rigid frame structure system and the grid structure system of the lower skin of the roof.

2. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof upper skin cross beam system is arranged in combination with the roof superstructure skin, and includes a roof upper skin oblique steel beam (1), a roof upper skin transverse steel beam (2), and a roof upper skin edge beam (3), wherein: A plurality of roof upper skin oblique steel beams (1) are evenly arranged obliquely, a plurality of roof upper skin transverse steel beams (2) are evenly arranged transversely, the two are cross-connected to form a grid, and the roof upper skin edge beams (3) are arranged at the edges. The three constitute a grid-like roof upper skin cross beam system, and the numerous intersection points inside the system form upper skin steel beam cross nodes S.

3. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof lower skin grid structure system is combined with the roof lower building skin setting, including the roof lower skin oblique steel beam (12), the roof lower skin transverse steel beam (13), and the roof lower skin edge beam (14); wherein, A plurality of roof lower skin oblique steel beams (12) are evenly arranged obliquely, a plurality of roof lower skin transverse steel beams (13) are evenly arranged transversely, the two are cross-connected to form a grid, and the roof lower skin edge beams (14) are arranged at the edge. The three constitute the roof lower skin grid structure system, and the numerous intersection points inside the system are the lower skin steel beam intersection nodes X; The roof lower skin edge beam (14) is connected to the roof lower skin foundation.

4. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: The V-column system is arranged below the roof skin, connecting the roof skin cross beam system and the roof foundation, and includes multiple groups of V-columns; each group of V-columns includes two inward-inclined steel columns (4) and one outward-inclined steel column (5); the tops of the inward-inclined steel columns and the outward-inclined steel columns are connected to the roof skin cross beam system, and the bottoms of the inward-inclined steel columns (4) and the outward-inclined steel columns are connected to the roof foundation, wherein: The top of the inward-inclined steel column (4) is connected to the inner steel beam of the roof upper skin cross beam system, and the connection point is the inward-inclined steel column top node (7); The top of the outward-inclined steel column (5) is connected to the edge beam of the cross beam system on the roof surface, and the connection point is the outward-inclined steel column top node (8); It is connected to the roof foundation through the V-column foot node (6).

5. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 4, characterized in that: The string structure system is arranged at the lower part of the cross beam system on the roof surface and connected to the V-column, and includes multiple string braces; each string brace includes a transverse steel tie rod (9), four oblique steel tie rods (10) and two support rods (11); wherein, The top end of the oblique steel tie rod (10) is connected to the inward-inclined steel column top node (7) of the V-column; The top end of the support rod (11) is connected to the cross beam system of the roof surface; The lower ends of the two oblique steel tie rods (10) and a support rod (11) intersect, and the intersection point is a chord support node Z. The two ends of the transverse steel tie rod (9) are respectively connected to the two chord support nodes Z.

6. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control connection component system is arranged between the rigid frame structure system with tension strings and the roof lower skin grid structure system, connecting the tension string structure system and the roof lower skin grid structure system to form a double-skin roof hybrid structure system whose stress performance can be actively controlled; the upper end of the spring connection unit (16) is connected to the intersection node Z of the transverse steel tie rod (9), the oblique steel tie rod (10) and the support rod (11), and the lower end is connected to the intersection node X of the roof lower skin oblique steel beam (12) and the roof lower skin transverse steel beam (13).

7. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spring connection unit is an element formed by connecting disc springs in series; The spring connection unit (16) comprises a connecting ear plate (16-1), a sleeve (16-2), a cross-shaped movable connecting rod (16-3) and a disc spring string (16-4); There are two connecting lugs (16-1), which are located on the upper and lower sides of the sleeve (16-2) and are used to connect the rigid frame structure system with the tensioned string and the lower cross grid structure system respectively; the upper connecting lug is fixed to the cross-shaped movable connecting rod (16-3), and the lower connecting lug is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve (16-2); The disc spring string (16-4) and the cross-shaped movable link (16-3) are both confined within a sleeve (16-2) having sealing plates at both ends. Within the sleeve (16-2), the cross-shaped movable link (16-3) comprises: a horizontal rod which divides the disc spring string (16-4) into two upper and lower parts; a vertical rod which passes through a through hole of the disc spring string (16-4) to provide variable axial elastic stiffness; an upper end of the vertical rod of the cross-shaped movable link (16-3) is fixed to a connecting ear plate at the same position, while a lower end thereof is free to connect the connecting ear plate at the same position; and the cross-shaped movable link moves up and down within the sleeve by compressing the disc spring string (16-4).

8. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roof upper skin cross beam system adopts rigid connection nodes at the connection nodes between the roof upper skin oblique steel beams and the roof upper skin oblique steel beams and the roof upper skin transverse steel beams.

9. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the roof lower skin grid structure system, rigid joints are used between the roof lower skin oblique steel beams and at the intersection nodes between the roof lower skin oblique steel beams and the roof lower skin transverse steel beams.

10. The double-skin roof hybrid structure system with actively controllable mechanical properties according to claim 6, characterized in that: The column bottoms and column tops of the V-column outward-inclined steel column and the inward-inclined steel column adopt hinged nodes.

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