A reducer with overload protection function and an overload protection method

Abstract

The application provides a reducer with overload protection function and an overload protection method thereof, which comprises a central shaft, a first end cover, a sliding sleeve, a first thrust bearing, a first spring and an input shaft; the central shaft is a hollow shaft, the first end cover is installed at the first end of the central shaft, the sliding sleeve is arranged at the middle position in the central shaft through threaded connection; the input shaft is formed into spline connection with the sliding sleeve; the first thrust bearing is installed on the shoulder of the sliding sleeve close to the first end cover; a plurality of first springs are arranged between the first end cover and the first thrust bearing; when the input shaft rotates along the first rotation direction with a first torsion, the sliding sleeve can be driven to move to a first position; when the input shaft rotates along the first rotation direction with a second torsion, the sliding sleeve can be driven to move to a second position; after the sliding sleeve moves from the first position to the second position, the threaded connection between the sliding sleeve and the central shaft is released. The application can realize the function of overload protection and avoid damage of the equipment on one side of the input shaft due to overload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of speed reducers, and in particular relates to a speed reducer with an overload protection function and an overload protection method. Background Art

[0002] The Chinese patent application number 202111073052.8 discloses a harmonic reducer. When the control unit obtains that the real-time current of the motor is greater than the preset maximum current value, the control unit immediately controls the clutch to switch from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the output shaft is disconnected from the load connection disk. The output shaft idles and cannot transmit torque to the load connection disk. The load connection disk loses power input and cannot continue to rotate, thereby timely avoiding collisions. It has a faster response speed, effectively ensures the safety of collaborative personnel, and prevents the damage and failure of the harmonic reducer. However, this structure is relatively complex and requires reprogramming of the control program. The axial size of the entire module will also increase significantly, which is not conducive to the development of the module towards miniaturization and lightweighting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a reducer with an overload protection function, which can automatically disconnect the connection to protect the motor after the load exceeds a predetermined value.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a speed reducer with an overload protection function, comprising a central shaft, including a first end cover, a sliding sleeve, a first thrust bearing, a first spring and an input shaft;

[0005] The central shaft is a hollow shaft, the first end cover is mounted on the first end of the central shaft, and the sliding sleeve is arranged at a middle position in the central shaft through a threaded connection; the input shaft and the sliding sleeve are spline-connected; the first thrust bearing is mounted on a shoulder of the sliding sleeve near the first end cover; a plurality of first springs are arranged between the first end cover and the first thrust bearing;

[0006] When the input shaft rotates along the first rotation direction with a first torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve to rotate along the first rotation direction and move along the first direction to the first position;

[0007] When the input shaft rotates along the first rotation direction with the second torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve to rotate along the first rotation direction and move along the first direction to the second position;

[0008] The second torque is greater than the first torque, and the first direction is toward the first end cover; after the sliding sleeve moves from the first position to the second position, the threaded connection between the sliding sleeve and the central shaft is released.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a second end cover, a second thrust bearing and a second spring;

[0010] The second end cover is mounted on the second end of the central shaft, and the second thrust bearing is mounted on a shoulder of the sliding sleeve close to the second end cover; a plurality of second springs are provided between the second end cover and the second thrust bearing;

[0011] When the input shaft rotates along the second rotation direction with the third torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve to rotate along the second rotation direction and move along the second direction to the third position;

[0012] When the input shaft rotates along the second rotation direction with a fourth torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve to rotate along the second rotation direction and move along the second direction to a fourth position;

[0013] The fourth torque is greater than the third torque, the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction; after the sleeve moves from the third position to the fourth position, the threaded connection between it and the central shaft is released.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner end surface of the first end cover is provided with first receiving portions, the number of which is equal to the number of the first springs, for receiving one end of the first spring; the outer end surface of the first thrust bearing is provided with first connecting columns, the number of which is equal to the number of the first springs, for sleeve-connecting the other end of the first spring;

[0015] The inner end surface of the second end cover is provided with second receiving portions equal in number to the second springs for receiving one end of the second spring; the outer end surface of the second thrust bearing has second connecting columns equal in number to the second springs for sleeve connection with the other end of the second spring.

[0016] Furthermore, the first end cover and the second end cover are both mounted on the ends of the central shaft through threaded connections.

[0017] Furthermore, the reducer is a harmonic reducer, and the central shaft is a wave generator of the harmonic reducer.

[0018] Furthermore, the reducer further comprises a stirring ring arranged in the sealing cavity;

[0019] The stirring ring comprises a spline portion, a connecting portion and a turntable portion which are sequentially connected along the axial direction;

[0020] The spline portion is mounted on the outer wall of the central shaft via a spline, the connecting portion is located on the inner side of the cylindrical portion of the flexible wheel and extends to the outer side of its flange portion, the turntable portion is located between the flange portion and the flexible wheel pressure cover; the flange portion is provided with a plurality of oil holes, and a plurality of oil carrying plates are provided on the disk surface of the turntable portion facing the flange portion.

[0021] Furthermore, a limiting boss is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft, the end face of the spline portion facing the first end cover is limited by the limiting boss, and the end face close to the second end cover is limited by the flexible bearing mounting ring.

[0022] Furthermore, the harmonic reducer further comprises a cross bearing, a rigid wheel, a rigid wheel gland, a first sealing ring, a flexible bearing, a support bearing and a second sealing ring;

[0023] The first sealing ring is provided between the outer center hole of the flexible wheel cover and the center shaft, between the inner and outer rings of the cross bearing, and between the outer center hole of the rigid wheel cover and the center shaft;

[0024] The flexspline pressure cover, the flange of the flexspline and the outer ring of the cross bearing are fixedly connected in sequence along the second direction; the inner ring of the cross bearing, the rigid wheel and the rigid wheel pressure cover are fixedly connected in sequence along the second direction;

[0025] Support bearings are provided between the inner center hole of the flexible wheel cover and the center axis, and between the inner center hole of the rigid wheel cover and the center axis;

[0026] An end surface of the flexible bearing mounting ring facing the second end cover abuts against the inner ring of the support bearing on this side.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for overload protection of a reducer, comprising:

[0028] A sliding sleeve and an input shaft are provided inside the central shaft, wherein the sliding sleeve is configured to be spline-connected to the input shaft and threadedly connected to the central shaft;

[0029] Inputting a first torque along a first rotation direction into the input shaft, wherein the first torque acts on the sliding sleeve to form a first driving force along a first direction, and drives the sliding sleeve to move to a first position;

[0030] After the first torque increases to the second torque, the first driving force increases to the second driving force and drives the sliding sleeve to move to the second position;

[0031] After the sliding sleeve moves from the first position to the second position, the threaded connection between the sliding sleeve and the central shaft is released.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0033] Inputting a third torque along the second rotation direction into the input shaft, wherein the third torque acts on the sliding sleeve to form a third driving force along the second direction and drives the sliding sleeve to move to a third position;

[0034] After the third torque increases to a fourth torque, the third driving force increases to a fourth driving force and drives the sliding sleeve to move to a fourth position;

[0035] After the sliding sleeve moves from the third position to the fourth position, the threaded connection between the sliding sleeve and the central shaft is released;

[0036] The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention provides an overload protection mechanism between the center shaft and the input shaft of the reducer. When the load increases to a certain level, the input shaft drives the sliding sleeve to move until the connection between the sliding sleeve and the center shaft is released, making it impossible for the input shaft to drive the center shaft to rotate, thereby achieving the overload protection function and preventing the equipment on the input shaft side from being damaged due to overload.

[0039] 2. The overload protection mechanism of the present invention can gradually increase the input torque of the input shaft in a relatively linear trend when an overload occurs, thereby avoiding a sudden increase in the motor current at the input end and affecting the life of the motor.

[0040] 3. The input end of the present invention will drive the sleeve to move a short distance after the torque is input and only after reaching balance can it drive the central shaft to rotate, so that there is a certain buffer in the early stage of the torque input to avoid the torque being directly loaded on the central shaft.

[0041] 4. In the present invention, an efficient lubrication means is added to the inner cavity of the reducer, so that the lubricating liquid can repeatedly act on the meshing parts of the flexible wheel and the rigid wheel, thereby lubricating the components there, reducing the wear of the meshing parts, and extending the service life of the reducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural stereogram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 a side view of the structure of the illustrated embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Structural cross-section view in the AA direction;

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point I in the middle;

[0046] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of position II in the middle;

[0047] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A structural perspective view of the stirring member in the embodiment shown;

[0048] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A structural perspective view of the central axis in the embodiment shown;

[0049] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A structural perspective view of the sliding sleeve in the embodiment shown;

[0050] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the embodiment shown when the sliding sleeve is in the first position;

[0051] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the sliding sleeve in the second position in the illustrated embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment discloses a speed reducer with an overload protection function, including a central shaft 11, a first end cover 12, a sliding sleeve 13, a first thrust bearing 14, a first spring 15, an input shaft 16, a second end cover 17, a second thrust bearing 18, and a second spring 19. The input shaft 1 can be the main shaft of a motor, or it can be connected to the main shaft of the motor through a coupling to achieve power input.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, the central shaft 11 is a hollow shaft having a first internal thread 11.5 at the first end, a second internal thread 11.6 at the second end, and a third internal thread 11.4 between the first and second ends.

[0055] The outer circumferential surface of the first end cap 12 is provided with a first external thread, which connects with the first internal thread 11.5 to enable the first end cap 12 to be installed on the first end of the central shaft 11. Similarly, the outer circumferential surface of the second end cap 17 is provided with a second external thread, which connects with the second internal thread 11.6 to enable the second end cap 17 to be installed on the second end of the central shaft 11.

[0056] like Figure 8As shown, the diameter of the middle portion of the sliding sleeve 13 is larger than that of the end portions, forming an outwardly protruding structure. The outer circumferential surface of this structure is provided with a third external thread 13.1, which forms a threaded connection with the third internal thread 11.4, enabling the sliding sleeve 13 to be installed in the middle position within the central shaft 11. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve 13 is provided with a first internal spline 13.2, and the outer circumferential surface of the input shaft 16 is provided with a first external spline, which connects to the first external spline to enable the sliding sleeve 13 to be installed on the input shaft 16.

[0057] The ends of the sleeve 13 are shoulder structures. The first thrust bearing 14 is mounted on the shoulder of the sleeve 13 near the first end cap 12. Similarly, the second thrust bearing 18 is mounted on the shoulder of the sleeve 13 near the second end cap 17. Four first springs 15 are evenly distributed along the circumference between the first end cap 12 and the first thrust bearing 14. Four second springs 19 are evenly distributed along the circumference between the second end cap 17 and the second thrust bearing 18. The thrust bearings are designed to ensure that the outer and inner rings of the thrust bearings rotate relative to each other when the sleeve 13 moves axially and rotates about its axis. This prevents the outer ring from rotating with the inner ring, but allows the inner ring to move axially, compressing the springs.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, to more conveniently secure the springs, the inner end surface of the first end cap 12 is provided with a number of first receiving portions 12.1, equal in number to the number of first springs 15, for accommodating one end of the first springs 15. The outer end surface of the first thrust bearing 14 has a number of first connecting posts 14.1, equal in number to the number of first springs 15, for sleeved engagement with the other end of the first spring 15. Similarly, the inner end surface of the second end cap 17 is provided with a number of second receiving portions 17.1, equal in number to the number of second springs 19, for accommodating one end of the second springs 19; and the outer end surface of the second thrust bearing 18 has a number of second connecting posts 18.1, equal in number to the number of second springs 19, for sleeved engagement with the other end of the second spring 19.

[0059] In order to facilitate accurate positioning of the center position when the sliding sleeve 13 is reset, as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, the input shaft 16 is provided with a radial slot 16.1 penetrating to its surface along the radial direction, and the positioning spring 22 and the positioning steel ball 21 are arranged in the radial slot 16.1, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 13 is provided with a positioning slot 13.3 matched with the positioning steel ball 21. When the sliding sleeve 13 is in the initial position, the positioning steel ball 21 is pressed by the positioning spring 22, and a part of the positioning steel ball 21 is located in the positioning slot 13.3. When the sliding sleeve 13 moves, the positioning slot 13.3 is axially offset relative to the positioning steel ball 21, and at this time, the positioning steel ball 21 is separated from the positioning slot 13.3. When the sliding sleeve 13 returns to the original position, the positioning slot 13.3 is axially aligned with the positioning steel ball 21 again, and at this time, the positioning steel ball 21 enters the positioning slot 13.3 again, and at this time, the sliding sleeve 13 and the input shaft 16 form a relatively weak axial connection, so that the rotation of the input shaft 16 appears a slight jerk, and at this time, it can be considered that the sliding sleeve 13 returns to the original position.

[0060] As shown in the drawings, Figure 9 The application also discloses a method for overload protection when the motor rotates in the positive direction, which comprises the following steps:

[0061] At the time of starting, the input shaft 16 rotates in the first rotation direction with the first torque T1, and at this time, the driving sliding sleeve 13 rotates in the first rotation direction and moves in the first direction and compresses the first spring 15. When the sliding sleeve 13 moves to the position where the first spring 15 cannot be compressed any more, that is, the axial force generated by the first torque T1 is equal to the elastic force generated by the first spring 15 after being compressed, at this time, the axial force generated by the first torque T1 cannot drive the sliding sleeve 13 to move any more, and therefore, the sliding sleeve 13 is kept in the first position at this time, and the critical torque corresponding to the first spring 15 is the first torque T1, and the first position is the critical position of the speed reducer when rotating in the positive direction under the first torque T1. Therefore, as long as the input torque does not exceed the first torque T1 corresponding to the spring, the speed reducer can be driven to work normally.

[0062] As shown in the drawings, Figure 10 When the load of the output end of the speed reducer increases, the input torque of the motor increases to the second torque T2, and the rotating speed decreases, and at this time, the axial force generated by the second torque T2 exceeds the axial force generated by the first torque T1, and at this time, the driving sliding sleeve 13 moves in the first direction and continues to compress the first spring 15. If the load of the output end is large, so that the axial force generated by the second torque T2 can drive the sliding sleeve 13 to move to the position where the sliding sleeve 13 and the central shaft 11 are threadedly disconnected, at this time, the sliding sleeve 13 is no longer affected by the axial force generated by the second torque T2, and is kept in the second position under the elastic force of the first spring 15, the input shaft 16 returns to normal rotation, and the central shaft 11 is no longer driven to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of overload protection when rotating in the positive direction.

[0063] Similarly, the present invention also discloses an overload protection method for a motor during reverse rotation, the principle of which is the same as that of the overload protection method for a motor during forward rotation, and the method includes:

[0064] The input shaft 16 rotates in the second direction with the third torque, driving the sleeve 13 to rotate in the second direction and move in the second direction to the third position. The critical torque corresponding to the second spring 19 is the third torque, and the third position is the critical position when the reducer reverses under the third torque.

[0065] When the load at the output end increases, the input torque of the input shaft 16 increases to the fourth torque. At this time, the axial force generated by the fourth torque drives the sleeve 13 to rotate along the second rotation direction while moving along the second direction. When the threaded connection between the sleeve 13 and the center shaft 11 is released, the sleeve 13 reaches the fourth position. At this time, the input shaft 16 resumes normal speed and no longer drives the center shaft 11 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of overload protection under reverse drive.

[0066] The first direction is a direction close to the first end cover 12 , and the second direction is a direction close to the second end cover 17 .

[0067] It can be known that the specifications of the first spring 15 and the second spring 19 determine the size of the critical torque and the position of the critical position. Therefore, if the critical torque and the critical position need to be changed, the initial compression degree of the first spring 15 and the second spring 19 can be changed by changing the specifications of the first spring 15 and the second spring 19, or by changing the screwing depth of the first end cover 12 and the second section 17.

[0068] As a preferred example, the reducer is a harmonic reducer, and the central shaft 11 is a wave generator of the harmonic reducer. The harmonic reducer also includes a flexspline cover 1, a cross bearing 2, a flexspline 3, a rigid spline 4, a rigid spline cover 5, a first sealing ring 6, a flexible bearing 7, a flexible bearing mounting ring 8, a support bearing 10, and a second sealing ring 20.

[0069] A first sealing ring 6 is installed between the outer center hole of the flexspline cover 1 and the central shaft 11, between the inner and outer rings of the cross bearing 2, and between the outer center hole of the rigid wheel cover 5 and the central shaft 11. This sealing mechanism forms a sealed cavity 100 within the reducer. This sealing mechanism is conventional and will not be described in detail.

[0070] The flexible wheel cover 1, the flange of the flexible wheel 3 and the outer ring of the cross bearing 2 are fixedly connected in sequence along the second direction using long screws; the inner ring of the cross bearing 2, the rigid wheel 4 and the rigid wheel cover 5 are fixedly connected in sequence along the second direction using long screws.

[0071] Support bearings 10 are provided between the inner center hole of the flexible wheel cover 1 and the center axis 11, and between the inner center hole of the rigid wheel cover 5 and the center axis 11. The end surface of the flexible bearing mounting ring 8 facing the second end cover 17 abuts the inner ring of the support bearing 10 on that side.

[0072] In order to lubricate the outer gear teeth of the cylindrical portion of the flexspline 3 and the inner gear teeth of the rigid wheel 4 and reduce the wear of the gear teeth, the reducer further includes a stirring ring 9 disposed in the sealed cavity 100 .

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, the stirring ring 9 comprises a spline portion 9.1, a connecting portion 9.2 and a rotating disk portion 9.3 which are sequentially connected in the axial direction. The outer circumferential surface of the central shaft 11 is provided with a second external spline 11.2.

[0074] The spline portion 9.1 has a second inner spline, and the second inner spline is connected to the second outer spline 11.2 to realize the installation of the spline portion 9.1 on the outer wall of the center axis 11. The connecting portion 9.2 is located on the inner side of the cylindrical portion of the flexible wheel 3 and extends to the outer side of its flange portion. The turntable portion 9.3 is located between the flange portion and the flexible wheel pressure cover 1. The flange portion is provided with 12 oil holes 3.1 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the turntable portion 9.3 is provided with 12 oil carrying plates 9.4 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the disk surface of the side facing the flange portion. In the sealing cavity 100, the space between the flexible wheel pressure cover 1 and the cross bearing 2 has a larger diameter, so the lubricating fluid will flow back to the bottom of the space. As shown Figure 4 As shown, when the central shaft 11 rotates, it drives the stirring ring 9 to rotate synchronously. The lubricating liquid at the bottom of the space between the flexspline cover 1 and the cross bearing 2 is driven by the oil carrying plate 9.4 to the top of the space. Then, it flows downward under the action of gravity. Part of the lubricating liquid flows through the oil hole 3.1 to the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the flexspline 3, then flows along the surface of the cylindrical portion to the outer gear teeth, lubricating the meshing gear teeth, and finally flows back to the bottom of the space between the flexspline cover 1 and the cross bearing 2. This cycle will achieve lubrication of the meshing gear teeth. This method can achieve good lubrication with less lubricating liquid.

[0075] In order to facilitate the installation and positioning of the stirring ring 9, a limiting boss 11.3 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft 11. The limiting boss 11.3 is located on the side of the second external spline 11.2 close to the first end cover 12. The end face of the spline part 9.1 facing the first end cover 12 is limited by the limiting boss 11.3, and the end face close to the second end cover 17 is limited by the flexible bearing mounting ring 8.

[0076] Matters not described in detail in the present invention are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art and are therefore not described in detail.

[0077] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, a specific direction structure and operation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0078] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified and replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A speed reducer with an overload protection function, comprising a central shaft (11), characterized in that: It comprises a first end cover (12), a sliding sleeve (13), a first thrust bearing (14), a first spring (15) and an input shaft (16); The central shaft (11) is a hollow shaft, the first end cover (12) is mounted on the first end of the central shaft (11), and the sliding sleeve (13) is arranged at a middle position in the central shaft (11) through a threaded connection; the input shaft (16) and the sliding sleeve (13) form a spline connection; the first thrust bearing (14) is mounted on a shoulder of the sliding sleeve (13) near the first end cover (12); a plurality of first springs (15) are arranged between the first end cover (12) and the first thrust bearing (14); When the input shaft (16) rotates along a first rotation direction with a first torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve (13) to rotate along the first rotation direction and move along a first direction to a first position; When the input shaft (16) rotates along the first rotation direction with the second torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve (13) to rotate along the first rotation direction and move along the first direction to the second position; The second torque is greater than the first torque, and the first direction is toward the first end cover (12); after the sliding sleeve (13) moves from the first position to the second position, the threaded connection between it and the central shaft (11) is released; The reducer is a harmonic reducer, the central shaft (11) is a wave generator of the harmonic reducer, and the harmonic reducer has a sealed cavity (100); the reducer further includes a stirring ring (9) arranged in the sealed cavity (100); The stirring ring (9) comprises a spline portion (9.1), a connecting portion (9.2), and a rotating disk portion (9.3) which are sequentially connected along the axial direction; The spline portion (9.1) is mounted on the outer wall of the central shaft (11) via a spline, the connecting portion (9.2) is located on the inner side of the cylindrical portion of the flexible wheel (3) and extends to the outer side of its flange portion, and the turntable portion (9.3) is located between the flange portion and the flexible wheel pressure cover (1); the flange portion is provided with a plurality of oil holes (3.1), and the turntable portion (9.3) is provided with a plurality of oil carrying plates (9.4) on a side of the disk facing the flange portion.

2. The reducer with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a second end cover (17), a second thrust bearing (18) and a second spring (19); The second end cover (17) is mounted on the second end of the central shaft (11), and the second thrust bearing (18) is mounted on a shoulder of the sliding sleeve (13) close to the second end cover (17); a plurality of second springs (19) are provided between the second end cover (17) and the second thrust bearing (18); When the input shaft (16) rotates along the second rotation direction with a third torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve (13) to rotate along the second rotation direction and move along the second direction to a third position; When the input shaft (16) rotates along the second rotation direction with a fourth torque, it can drive the sliding sleeve (13) to rotate along the second rotation direction and move along the second direction to a fourth position; The fourth torque is greater than the third torque, the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction; after the sliding sleeve (13) moves from the third position to the fourth position, the threaded connection between it and the central shaft (11) is released.

3. The reducer with overload protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner end surface of the first end cover (12) is provided with first receiving portions (12.1) equal in number to the first springs (15) for receiving one end of the first springs (15); the outer end surface of the first thrust bearing (14) is provided with first connecting columns (14.1) equal in number to the first springs (15) for sleeve-connecting the other end of the first springs (15); The inner end surface of the second end cover (17) is provided with second receiving portions (17.1) of the same number as the second springs (19) for receiving one end of the second springs (19); the outer end surface of the second thrust bearing (18) is provided with second connecting columns (18.1) of the same number as the second springs (19) for sleeve-connecting the other end of the second springs (19).

4. The reducer with overload protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first end cover (12) and the second end cover (17) are both mounted on the ends of the central shaft (11) through threaded connections.

5. The reducer with overload protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting boss (11.3) is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft (11); the end face of the spline portion (9.1) facing the first end cover (12) is limited by the limiting boss (11.3); and the end face of the spline portion (9.1) facing the second end cover (17) is limited by the flexible bearing mounting ring (8).

6. The reducer with overload protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The harmonic reducer further comprises a cross bearing (2), a rigid wheel (4), a rigid wheel pressure cover (5), a first sealing ring (6), a flexible bearing (7), a support bearing (10) and a second sealing ring (20); The first sealing ring (6) is provided between the outer center hole of the flexible wheel cover (1) and the center shaft (11), between the inner and outer rings of the cross bearing (2), and between the outer center hole of the rigid wheel cover (5) and the center shaft (11); The flexible wheel pressure cover (1), the flange portion of the flexible wheel (3) and the outer ring of the cross bearing (2) are fixedly connected in sequence along the second direction; the inner ring of the cross bearing (2), the rigid wheel (4) and the rigid wheel pressure cover (5) are fixedly connected in sequence along the second direction; Support bearings (10) are provided between the inner center hole of the flexible wheel cover (1) and the center shaft (11), and between the inner center hole of the rigid wheel cover (5) and the center shaft (11); The end surface of the flexible bearing mounting ring (8) facing the second end cover (17) abuts against the inner ring of the support bearing (10) on that side.

7. An overload protection method, used for the reducer with overload protection function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: A sliding sleeve (13) and an input shaft (16) are provided inside the central shaft (11), and the sliding sleeve (13) is configured to be spline-connected to the input shaft (16) and threadedly connected to the central shaft (11); A first torque along a first rotational direction is inputted into the input shaft (16), the first torque acting on the sliding sleeve (13) forming a first driving force along a first direction, and driving the sliding sleeve (13) to move to a first position; After the first torque increases to a second torque, the first driving force increases to a second driving force and drives the sliding sleeve (13) to move to a second position; After the sliding sleeve (13) moves from the first position to the second position, the threaded connection between the sliding sleeve (13) and the central shaft (11) is released.

8. The overload protection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A third torque in the second rotational direction is inputted into the input shaft (16), and the third torque acts on the sliding sleeve (13) to form a third driving force in the second direction, and drives the sliding sleeve (13) to move to a third position; After the third torque increases to a fourth torque, the third driving force increases to a fourth driving force and drives the sliding sleeve (13) to move to a fourth position; After the sliding sleeve (13) moves from the third position to the fourth position, the threaded connection between the sliding sleeve (13) and the central shaft (11) is released; The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

Images