A kind of ground film laying equipment for agricultural cultivation

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and specifically relates to a ground film laying device for agricultural cultivation. Through the setting of a fertilizer feeding mechanism, fertilizer can be supplemented simultaneously when laying the ground film, and it can be ensured that the fertilizer can be more accurately and concentratedly poured into the seed pit to ensure full utilization of the fertilizer; through the setting of an irrigation device, water can be automatically extracted while releasing fertilizer, and the water can be synchronized to achieve the synchronous release of fertilizer and water, so as to improve the coordination between fertilizer and water and improve the overall effect of water on planting after film covering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and in particular relates to a ground film laying device for agricultural cultivation. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrialization, automated and semi-automated mechanical equipment has gradually become popular in agricultural production and has significantly improved the efficiency of agricultural production.

[0003] At present, laying of ground film is a common planting method in agricultural cultivation. The traditional method is mostly manual laying, but this is inefficient and requires a lot of manpower. Gradually, most agricultural machinery is used for automatic laying. For example, a tractor can be used in conjunction with an external covering shovel to achieve rapid laying of ground film. However, in the crop cultivation stage, this method is too single in function. In fact, before laying the ground film, fertilizers still need to be supplemented by other means, which causes asynchrony in production steps and is difficult to meet the needs of efficient agricultural operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ground film laying device for agricultural cultivation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A ground film laying device for agricultural cultivation, comprising a carrier plate and a control panel, wherein the upper end of the carrier plate is symmetrically provided with a winding roller through a bracket, wherein one of the winding rollers is detachably fixedly connected to the bracket and a motor connected to the winding roller is provided on one side of the bracket, a film pressing roller is provided on the lower side of the carrier plate, and soil covering shovels are provided on the left and right sides of the film pressing roller, and a fertilizer dispensing mechanism is also provided in the middle of the carrier plate;

[0007] The fertilizer dispensing mechanism comprises a fertilizer storage cylinder, a fertilizer distribution roller and a material guide assembly, wherein the fertilizer storage cylinder is embedded in the middle of the upper side of the carrier plate, a connecting cover connected to the fertilizer storage cylinder is provided on the lower side of the carrier plate, the fertilizer distribution roller is rotatably arranged in the connecting cover and extends into the fertilizer storage cylinder, the number of the material guide assemblies is two and they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the carrier plate to correspond to the fertilizer distribution roller, and the fertilizer distribution roller is transmission-connected to the external transmission mechanism;

[0008] A plurality of fertilizer distribution grooves are evenly arranged on the side of the fertilizer distribution drum, a guide cover matching the fertilizer distribution grooves is arranged on the lower side of the connection cover, and the guide cover is connected and matched with the material guiding assembly.

[0009] The material guide assembly includes a rotary vane, a synchronizer and an opener and shutter. The rotary vane is arranged on the side of the fertilizer distribution drum and corresponds one-to-one with the number and position of the fertilizer distribution grooves on the vertical section. The synchronizer is fixed on the side of the fertilizer storage cylinder and abuts and matches the rotary vane. The opener and shutter is arranged at the lower end of the guide cover and is connected and matched with the synchronizer.

[0010] The rotating blade is in a spiral structure which gradually approaches from the edge of the fertilizer distribution drum to the center side.

[0011] The synchronizer includes an abutment rod, a lifting rod, a sleeve and a traction cable. The abutment rod is integrally connected to the lifting rod and the axis of the abutment rod is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting rod. The lifting rod is slidably connected to the fertilizer storage cylinder up and down through a bracket. The upper end of the lifting rod is provided with a limiting plate located on the upper side of the bracket. The lifting rod sleeve is provided with a spring located between the limiting plate and the bracket. The axis of the abutment rod extends toward one side of the fertilizer distribution drum until it abuts and matches with the rotating blade. The sleeve is provided on the lower side of the connecting cover. One end of the traction cable is connected to the end of the lifting rod, and the other end of the traction cable passes through the connecting cover and is connected to the opener and closer.

[0012] The opener and closer includes a conduit, a pull rod and a conical plug. The conduit is a hollow structure and is connected to the guide cover. The lower end of the conduit is a frustum structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom. The pull rod is elastically slidably arranged in the conduit through a bracket. The conical plug is connected to the lower end of the pull rod. The diameter of the conical plug gradually increases from top to bottom and the maximum diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the lower end of the conduit. The upper end of the pull rod is connected to the other end of the traction cable.

[0013] The material guiding assembly also includes a watering device, which includes a water storage cylinder, a piston cylinder and a drainage component. When the watering device is provided, the synchronizer is not connected to the bracket, the lifting rod extends into the piston cylinder and the limit plate is slidingly and sealingly connected to the piston cylinder, the spring sleeve is arranged on the lifting rod and is located between the limit plate and the bottom wall of the piston cylinder, the water storage cylinder is arranged on the upper end of the carrier plate and is connected to the lower end of the piston cylinder through a one-way water inlet valve and a conduit, and the drainage component is arranged on the lower side of the conduit.

[0014] The drainage component includes a temporary storage cylinder, a closed ring and a plug. The temporary storage cylinder is a hollow circular ring structure and is concentrically connected to the conduit through a bracket. The diameter of the lower opening of the temporary storage cylinder is larger than the diameter of the conduit. A movable groove is opened on the lower side of the conduit. The closed ring is slidably sleeved on the conduit and is connected to the pull rod through the movable groove via a connecting rod. The plug is a circular ring structure and the distance between the inner and outer ring surfaces matches the spacing distance between the lower opening of the temporary storage cylinder and the conduit. The plug is connected to the temporary storage cylinder and the conduit in a sliding and sealing manner. The lower side of the plug away from the conduit is an inclined surface and the length after being connected to the closed ring is larger than the length of the movable groove. The lower end of the piston cylinder is connected to the upper side of the temporary storage cylinder through a one-way drainage valve and a conduit.

[0015] With respect to the lifting stroke of the lifting rod, the traction cable pulls the pull rod only when the lifting rod moves downward to a position of two-thirds of the stroke.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0017] Through the setting of the fertilizer feeding mechanism, fertilizer can be supplemented simultaneously when laying the ground film, and it can be ensured that the fertilizer can be more accurately and concentratedly delivered to the planting pit to ensure full utilization of the fertilizer; through the setting of the watering device, water can be automatically extracted while releasing fertilizer, and the water can be synchronized to achieve the simultaneous release of fertilizer and water, so as to improve the coordination between fertilizer and water and improve the overall effect of water on planting after film covering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further illustrated by means of the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a mulch film laying device for agricultural cultivation.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram from another angle of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0024] Carrier plate 1, winding roller 11, motor 12, film pressing roller 13, soil covering shovel 14, fertilizer storage cylinder 2, fertilizer distribution roller 21, connecting cover 22, fertilizer distribution groove 23, guide cover 24, rotary vane 3, abutment rod 4, lifting rod 41, sleeve 42, traction cable 43, limit plate 44, spring 45, conduit 5, pull rod 51, conical plug 52, piston cylinder 6, temporary storage cylinder 7, closing ring 71, plug 72, movable groove 73. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Example 1: Figure 1-5 As shown, a ground film laying device for agricultural cultivation includes a carrier plate 1 and a control panel. A winding roller 11 is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the carrier plate 1 through a bracket, one of the winding rollers 11 is detachably fixedly connected to the bracket, and a motor 12 connected to the winding roller 11 is arranged on one side of the bracket. A film pressing roller 13 is arranged at the lower side of the carrier plate 1, and a soil covering shovel 14 is arranged on the left and right sides of the film pressing roller 13. A fertilizer dispensing mechanism is also arranged in the middle of the carrier plate 1;

[0027] The fertilizer dispensing mechanism comprises a fertilizer storage cylinder 2, a fertilizer distribution roller 21 and a material guide assembly. The fertilizer storage cylinder 2 is embedded in the middle of the upper side of the carrier plate 1. A connecting cover 22 communicating with the fertilizer storage cylinder 2 is provided on the lower side of the carrier plate 1. The fertilizer distribution roller 21 is rotatably arranged in the connecting cover 22 and extends into the fertilizer storage cylinder 2. There are two material guide assemblies and they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the carrier plate 1 to correspond to the fertilizer distribution roller 21. The fertilizer distribution roller 21 is transmission-connected to the external transmission mechanism.

[0028] A plurality of fertilizer distribution grooves 23 are evenly formed on the side of the fertilizer distribution drum 21 , and a guide cover 24 matching the fertilizer distribution grooves 23 is provided at the lower side of the connecting cover 22 , and the guide cover 24 is connected and matched with the material guiding assembly.

[0029] Before covering the film, first install the carrier plate 1 on an external traction device such as a tractor, and then install the ground film roll on the winding roller 11 provided with a motor 12, wherein the winding roller 11 and the bracket are detachably fixedly connected and can be connected in the form of bolts, so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the ground film roll. After the installation is completed, the end of the ground film roll is sequentially wound through another winding roller 11 and the die roller, so that the ground film is located at the lower side and contacts the ground when it finally passes through the die roller. In this way, during traction, the ground film is slowly released by the motor 12 and the soil covering shovel 14 compacts the soil on the side of the ground film, so that the ground film can be covered on the ground and stabilized.

[0030] Before covering the film, in order to ensure that the nutrients of the crops are sufficient during the growth stage, it is often necessary to apply fertilizers simultaneously. Therefore, in order to reduce the production process and the time flow, the fertilizer can be stored in the fertilizer storage cylinder 2, and the fertilizer distribution drum 21 is provided with a gear ring on one side of the end extending from the connecting cover 22, and another motor 12 is provided on the carrier plate 1, and the output shaft is connected with a gear meshing with the gear ring, so the fertilizer distribution drum 21 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the gear and the gear ring, and the rotation speed of the motor 12 is controlled to match the spacing of the ground seed pits;

[0031] When the fertilizer distribution drum 21 rotates, the fertilizer distribution groove 23 will circulate through the fertilizer storage cylinder 2. At this time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer storage cylinder 2 will fill the fertilizer distribution groove 23. Until the fertilizer distribution drum 21 continues to rotate until the fertilizer distribution groove 23 faces the ground, the fertilizer will be introduced into the material guide assembly, and finally synchronized with the continuous movement of the fertilizer distribution drum 21 to apply the fertilizer to the seed pit to complete the fertilization, so that automatic fertilization and film covering can be achieved in the film covering stage to meet the growth needs of crops and improve planting efficiency.

[0032] The material guide assembly includes a rotary vane 3, a synchronizer and an opener and shutter. The rotary vane 3 is arranged on the side of the fertilizer distribution drum 21 and corresponds to the number and position of the fertilizer distribution grooves 23 on the vertical section. The synchronizer is fixedly arranged on the side of the fertilizer storage cylinder 2 and abuts against the rotary vane 3. The opener and shutter is arranged at the lower end of the guide cover 24 and is connected and matched with the synchronizer.

[0033] The rotating blade 3 is in a spiral structure which gradually approaches the center side from the edge of the fertilizer distribution drum 21.

[0034] The synchronizer includes an abutment rod 4, a lifting rod 41, a sleeve 42 and a traction cable 43. The abutment rod 4 is integrally connected with the lifting rod 41 and the axis of the abutment rod 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting rod 41. The lifting rod 41 is connected to the fertilizer storage cylinder 2 for sliding up and down through a bracket. The upper end of the lifting rod 41 is provided with a limit plate 44 located on the upper side of the bracket. The lifting rod 41 is sleeved with a spring 45 located between the limit plate 44 and the bracket. The axis of the abutment rod 4 extends toward one side of the fertilizer distribution drum 21 until it abuts and matches with the rotary vane 3. The sleeve 42 is provided on the lower side of the connecting cover 22. One end of the traction cable 43 is connected to the end of the lifting rod 41, and the other end of the traction cable 43 passes through the connecting cover 22 and is connected to the opener and closer.

[0035] The opener and closer includes a conduit 5, a pull rod 51 and a conical plug 52. The conduit 5 is a hollow structure and is connected to the guide cover 24. The lower end of the conduit 5 is a frustum structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom. The pull rod 51 is elastically slidably arranged in the conduit 5 through a bracket. The conical plug 52 is connected to the lower end of the pull rod 51. The diameter of the conical plug 52 gradually increases from top to bottom and the maximum diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the lower end of the conduit 5. The upper end of the pull rod 51 is connected to the other end of the traction cable 43.

[0036] During the rotation of the fertilizer distribution drum 21, the rotary vane 3 connected to the side of the fertilizer distribution drum 21 moves synchronously. In the initial state, the lifting rod 41 in the synchronizer keeps moving upward due to the action of the limiting plate 44, the spring 45 and the bracket, and with the continuous movement of the rotary vane 3, it will gradually abut the abutment rod 4, so that it will gradually move downward, that is, drive the lifting rod 41 to move downward. Due to the limitation of the sleeve 42 and one end of the traction cable 43 is connected to the lower end of the lifting rod 41, the downward movement of the lifting rod 41 will pull the traction cable 43, thereby pulling the pull rod 51 in the guide tube 5 upward, wherein the pull rod 51 is elastically slidably connected to the guide tube 5 through the bracket, and will keep moving downward in the initial state, while the elastic pull rod 51 is elastically slidably connected to the guide tube 5 through the bracket. The elastic sliding method can be adopted, such as spring 45, spring sheet, etc. When the pull rod 51 moves upward, the conical plug 52 will gradually move upward. At this time, the interval between the conical plug 52 and the conduit 5 is enlarged, so the fertilizer can be discharged from the conduit 5 to the seed pit on the lower side. Due to the centralized guiding effect of the conduit 5, it can avoid that the fertilizer particles are scattered everywhere and cannot be concentrated in the seed pit and cause waste, and ensure that the nutrients provided to the crops are sufficient. When the abutment rod 4 is separated from the rotary vane 3, the lifting rod 41 and the pull rod 51 will be reset through the elastic sliding effect of the spring 45 and the pull rod 51, and the pull rod 51 moves downward, which will cause the conical plug 52 to block the opening on the lower side of the conduit 5, thereby preparing for the next centralized discharge of fertilizer.

[0037] Example 2: Figure 1-5As shown, it is a further improvement on the basis of Example 1, the material guide assembly also includes a watering device, the watering device includes a water storage cylinder, a piston cylinder 6 and a drainage component, when the watering device is provided, the synchronizer is not connected to the bracket, the lifting rod 41 extends into the piston cylinder 6 and the limiting plate 44 is slidingly and sealingly connected to the piston cylinder 6, the spring 45 is sleeved on the lifting rod 41 and is located between the limiting plate 44 and the bottom wall of the piston cylinder 6, the water storage cylinder is provided at the upper end of the carrier plate 1 and is connected to the lower end of the piston cylinder 6 through a one-way water inlet valve and a conduit 5, and the drainage component is provided on the lower side of the conduit 5.

[0038] The drainage component includes a temporary storage tube 7, a closed ring 71 and a plug 72. The temporary storage tube 7 is a hollow circular ring structure and is concentrically connected to the conduit 5 through a bracket. The diameter of the lower opening of the temporary storage tube 7 is larger than the diameter of the conduit 5. A movable groove 73 is opened on the lower side of the conduit 5. The closed ring 71 is slidably sleeved on the conduit 5 and is connected to the pull rod 51 through a connecting rod passing through the movable groove 73. The plug 72 is a circular ring structure and the distance between the inner and outer ring surfaces matches the spacing distance between the lower opening of the temporary storage tube 7 and the conduit 5. The plug 72 is connected to the temporary storage tube 7 and the conduit 5 in a sliding and sealing manner. The lower side of the plug 72 away from the conduit 5 is an inclined surface and the length after being connected to the closed ring 71 is greater than the length of the movable groove 73. The lower end of the piston cylinder 6 is connected to the upper side of the temporary storage tube 7 through a one-way drainage valve and the conduit 5.

[0039] With respect to the lifting stroke of the lifting rod 41 , the pulling cable 43 pulls the pulling rod 51 only when the lifting rod 41 moves downward to a position of two-thirds of the stroke.

[0040] In order to further ensure that the fertilizer can more effectively penetrate into the corresponding seed pit, during the upward movement of the lifting rod 41, a negative pressure will be generated in the piston cylinder 6 through the limit plate 44, and then water will be drawn from the water storage cylinder into the piston cylinder 6 through the one-way water inlet valve and the hose. When the lifting rod 41 moves downward, the water will be input into the temporary storage cylinder 7 from the one-way drain valve and the hose through the limit plate 44. Since the lifting rod 41 will not pull the traction cable 43 until it moves down to two-thirds of the descending stroke, when transferring the water from the piston cylinder 6 to the temporary storage cylinder 7, the effect of transferring the water first without opening the conical plug 52 can be achieved, so as to avoid the discharge of water and fertilizer being out of sync. When the fertilizer and water are all ready, the traction cable 43 lifts the pull rod 51 upward. At this time, the cone plug 52 The shaped plug 52 moves upward to open the conduit 5, and at the same time, the pull rod 51 moves upward to drive the closed ring 71 to move upward through the connecting rod, thereby causing the plug 72 to move upward to open the gap between the temporary storage tube 7 and the conduit 5, so that water and fertilizer will be discharged downward simultaneously. Due to the effect of water, on the one hand, it can lubricate the soil and infiltrate the fertilizer, so that the nutrients in the fertilizer can enter the soil more effectively. At the same time, the infiltrated fertilizer and the soil can adsorb each other, further avoiding the fertilizer from splashing around during the falling process. Furthermore, in the early stage of film covering, proper water replenishment is performed on the seed pit, which can promote the growth of crops on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can cooperate with the water retention effect of the film covering to improve the overall planting effect of the film covering. At the same time, fixed-point water replenishment can also save water, reduce the waste of water resources, and be more conducive to planting needs.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mulch film laying device for agricultural cultivation, comprising a carrier plate and a control panel, wherein a winding roller is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the carrier plate through a bracket, characterized in that: One of the winding rollers is detachably fixedly connected to the bracket, and a motor connected to the winding roller is provided on one side of the bracket. A film pressing roller is provided on the lower side of the carrier plate, and soil covering shovels are provided on the left and right sides of the film pressing roller. A fertilizer dispensing mechanism is also provided in the middle of the carrier plate. The fertilizer dispensing mechanism comprises a fertilizer storage cylinder, a fertilizer distribution roller and a material guide assembly, wherein the fertilizer storage cylinder is embedded in the middle of the upper side of the carrier plate, a connecting cover connected to the fertilizer storage cylinder is provided on the lower side of the carrier plate, the fertilizer distribution roller is rotatably arranged in the connecting cover and extends into the fertilizer storage cylinder, the number of the material guide assemblies is two and they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the carrier plate to correspond to the fertilizer distribution roller, and the fertilizer distribution roller is transmission-connected to the external transmission mechanism; A plurality of fertilizer distribution grooves are evenly opened on the side of the fertilizer distribution drum, and a guide cover matching the fertilizer distribution grooves is provided on the lower side of the connecting cover, and the guide cover is connected and matched with the material guide assembly; The material guide assembly includes a rotary vane, a synchronizer and an opener and a shutter, wherein the rotary vane is arranged on the side of the fertilizer distribution drum and corresponds to the number and position of the fertilizer distribution grooves on the vertical section, the synchronizer is fixedly arranged on the side of the fertilizer storage cylinder and abuts against the rotary vane, and the shutter is arranged at the lower end of the guide cover and connected to the synchronizer; The rotating blade is in a spiral structure that gradually approaches the center of the fertilizer distribution drum from the edge thereof; The synchronizer comprises an abutment rod, a lifting rod, a sleeve and a traction cable, the abutment rod is integrally connected with the lifting rod and the axis of the abutment rod is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting rod, the lifting rod is slidably connected to the fertilizer storage cylinder up and down through a bracket, the upper end of the lifting rod is provided with a limiting piece located on the upper side of the bracket, the lifting rod sleeve is provided with a spring located between the limiting piece and the bracket, the abutment rod extends along its own axis to one side of the fertilizer distribution drum until it abuts and matches with the rotary blade, the sleeve is provided on the lower side of the connecting cover, one end of the traction cable is connected to the lifting rod end, and the other end of the traction cable passes through the connecting cover and is connected to the switch; The opener and closer includes a conduit, a pull rod and a conical plug. The conduit is a hollow structure and is connected to the guide cover. The lower end of the conduit is a frustum structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom. The pull rod is elastically slidably arranged in the conduit through a bracket. The conical plug is connected to the lower end of the pull rod. The diameter of the conical plug gradually increases from top to bottom and the maximum diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the lower end of the conduit. The upper end of the pull rod is connected to the other end of the traction cable.

2. The agricultural film laying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material guiding assembly also includes a watering device, which includes a water storage cylinder, a piston cylinder and a drainage component. When the watering device is provided, the synchronizer is not connected to the bracket, the lifting rod extends into the piston cylinder and the limit plate is slidingly and sealingly connected to the piston cylinder, the spring sleeve is arranged on the lifting rod and is located between the limit plate and the bottom wall of the piston cylinder, the water storage cylinder is arranged on the upper end of the carrier plate and is connected to the lower end of the piston cylinder through a one-way water inlet valve and a conduit, and the drainage component is arranged on the lower side of the conduit.

3. The agricultural film laying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage component includes a temporary storage cylinder, a closed ring and a plug. The temporary storage cylinder is a hollow circular ring structure and is concentrically connected to the conduit through a bracket. The diameter of the lower opening of the temporary storage cylinder is larger than the diameter of the conduit. A movable groove is opened on the lower side of the conduit. The closed ring is slidably sleeved on the conduit and is connected to the pull rod through the movable groove via a connecting rod. The plug is a circular ring structure and the distance between the inner and outer ring surfaces matches the spacing distance between the lower opening of the temporary storage cylinder and the conduit. The plug is connected to the temporary storage cylinder and the conduit in a sliding and sealing manner. The lower side of the plug away from the conduit is an inclined surface and the length after being connected to the closed ring is larger than the length of the movable groove. The lower end of the piston cylinder is connected to the upper side of the temporary storage cylinder through a one-way drainage valve and a conduit.

4. The agricultural film laying equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the lifting stroke of the lifting rod, the pulling cable pulls the pull rod only when the lifting rod moves downward to a position of two-thirds of the stroke.

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