A flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of cable technology, and specifically discloses a flame-retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable, comprising a wire core and an inner frame, wherein a plurality of wire cores are inserted into a mounting groove in the inner frame, a flame-retardant sleeve is wrapped on the outer side of the inner frame, a flame-retardant agent is filled in the flame-retardant sleeve, an outer frame is installed on the outer side of the flame-retardant sleeve, and an outer skin is wrapped on the outer side of the outer frame. The present invention installs the outer frame on the outer side of the flame-retardant sleeve, which has a certain elasticity. When the outer skin is squeezed, the force is applied to the outer frame through the outer skin, which has a buffering and unloading effect on the internal structure, and can protect the internal flame-retardant sleeve to avoid the flame-retardant sleeve from being crushed due to squeezing; a cutting knife is arranged inside a square box, and when the outer skin is squeezed, the flame-retardant sleeve is blocked by the square box, so that there is always a gap between the cutting knife and the flame-retardant sleeve, and the two cannot contact each other. When a fire occurs inside, it is cut under the action of air pressure, thereby avoiding the situation that the flame-retardant sleeve is damaged by external force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and in particular relates to a flame-retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy cable is a power cable that uses aluminum as the main conductor material and is produced by adding other alloy elements and undergoing special processes. First of all, traditional cables mainly use copper as the conductor material, but copper resources are limited and the price is high. Therefore, people began to study the use of aluminum as an alternative to conductor materials; aluminum has good electrical conductivity and low cost, making aluminum alloy cables an economical and effective choice. Aluminum alloy cables are mainly used in power transmission and distribution systems, such as transmission lines, substations, industrial electricity, etc.; it has the advantages of light weight, low price, and good electrical conductivity, which can reduce the cost of the power system and improve energy efficiency; with the advancement of technology and the promotion of application, the application field of aluminum alloy cables will continue to expand. During use, cables often spontaneously combust due to aging, short circuits, and short circuits, which greatly affects the transmission efficiency.

[0003] In the Chinese patent with publication number CN 117524572 A, the first extruded plate and the second extruded plate are arranged near the partition plate, and the barrier layer can be torn apart by the expansion of the wire itself, so that the flame retardant can be used for flame retardant and fire extinguishing at the corresponding position. The barrier layer and the partition plate can separate different wires and flame retardants, thereby reducing the space occupied. The extra space can be used to improve the power transmission capacity or improve the flame retardant effect.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned wires have the following problems during use:

[0005] Firstly, when it is squeezed from the outside, the squeezing force can easily cause the barrier layer to come into contact with the cutting knife, thereby causing the barrier layer to be damaged, resulting in the leakage of the flame retardant therein without a fire. Secondly, in the event of a fire, after the barrier layer is cut, the size of the cut seam is small, the flame retardant cannot be discharged quickly, and the fire extinguishing speed is slow. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution, including a wire core, an inner frame, a plurality of wire cores are inserted into a mounting groove in the inner frame, a flame retardant sleeve is wrapped around the outer side of the inner frame, a flame retardant is filled in the flame retardant sleeve, an outer frame is installed outside the flame retardant sleeve, and an outer skin is wrapped around the outer side of the outer frame;

[0008] The flame retardant sleeve is provided with a recessed portion inside, a sealing inner fixing ring is fixedly mounted on the inner frame and abuts against the surface of the recessed portion, and a cutting knife for cutting a cutting seam in the flame retardant sleeve is mounted on the sealing inner fixing ring;

[0009] The cutting knife is provided with a knife protection mechanism, which is fixedly mounted on the concave support ring;

[0010] The flame retardant sleeve is provided with a cutting seam expansion mechanism, and the cutting seam expansion mechanism is activated to expand the cutting seam cut by the cutting knife at the flame retardant sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the exoskeleton comprises long rods and annular blocks, the annular blocks are fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed long rods, and the plurality of annular blocks are evenly spaced on the long rods.

[0012] Preferably, the flame retardant sleeve includes a sealing portion, and multiple flame retardant sleeves are connected end to end in sequence. A cavity for gas circulation is provided in the inner skeleton, and a sealing plate for separating the cavities is installed at the cavity. The multiple cavities are connected through flow holes.

[0013] Preferably, a sealing inner fixing ring is installed at a position corresponding to the sealing part in the inner skeleton, and a sealing outer fixing ring is installed at a position corresponding to the sealing inner fixing ring on the outer skeleton, and the outer surfaces of the sealing inner fixing ring and the sealing outer fixing ring are respectively in contact with the inner walls on both sides of the sealing part.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of first convex balls are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sealing inner fixed ring, a plurality of circumferentially distributed second convex balls are fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the sealing outer fixed ring, and grooves are provided at positions of the sealing portion corresponding to the first convex balls and the second convex balls.

[0015] Preferably, the tool protection mechanism includes a square box, the square box is fixedly connected to the recessed support ring, the cutting knife is inserted into the square box, and the cutting knife is fixedly connected to the tool holder, which is slidably connected to the square box through an upper sliding groove, and the tool holder is fixedly connected to the piston plate.

[0016] Preferably, the piston plate is located on the side of the square box away from the flame retardant sleeve, and an intercepting spring is installed between the piston plate and the inner frame. The intercepting spring is used to give the piston plate a force to move away from the flame retardant sleeve. The piston plate is slidably connected to the lower sliding groove, and the end of the square box away from the flame retardant sleeve is connected to the cavity in the inner frame.

[0017] Preferably, two cutting seam expansion mechanisms are provided, and the two are respectively located on both sides of the cutting knife, and the cutting seam expansion mechanism includes an expansion frame, which is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the square box, and an expansion moving block is slidably mounted on the expansion frame, and the expansion moving block is slidably connected to the guide groove, and two expansion push blocks are installed on each of the expansion moving blocks, and the two expansion push blocks are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the expansion frame, and a first energy storage spring is installed between the two expansion push blocks.

[0018] Preferably, the expansion push block is rotatably connected to the expansion moving block via a rotating shaft, and a second energy storage spring is installed between the expansion push block and the expansion moving block. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism is started, the second energy storage spring is used to pull the expansion push block to move toward the side close to the expansion moving block; an intercepting block is slidably installed in the expansion frame, and when the cutting seam expansion mechanism is not started, the intercepting block is located between the expansion moving block and the expansion push block, and the intercepting block is fixedly connected to an intercepting rod, and the end of the intercepting rod is provided with an oblique angle, and the end of the intercepting rod is inserted into the square box.

[0019] Preferably, an arc-shaped cutting portion is provided on the expansion push block, and when the cutting seam expansion mechanism is not started, the expansion push block tilts toward the side away from the flame retardant sleeve; when the cutting seam expansion mechanism is started, the expansion push block rotates to a vertical state under the action of the second energy storage spring.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention installs the exoskeleton on the outside of the flame retardant sleeve, which has a certain elasticity. When the outer skin is squeezed, the force is applied to the exoskeleton through the outer skin, which has a buffering and force-relieving effect on the internal structure, and can protect the internal flame retardant sleeve to prevent the flame retardant sleeve from being broken due to squeezing.

[0022] Second, the present invention arranges the cutting knife inside the square box. When squeezing the outer skin, the flame retardant sleeve is blocked by the square box, so that there is always a gap between the cutting knife and the flame retardant sleeve, and the two cannot contact each other. When a fire occurs inside, it is cut open under the action of air pressure, thereby avoiding the situation where the flame retardant sleeve is damaged by external force.

[0023] 3. The present invention is provided with a cutting seam expansion mechanism, which can expand the cutting seam after the cutting knife cuts the cutting seam, thereby accelerating the outflow speed of the flame retardant and extinguishing the fire more quickly.

[0024] 4. The present invention provides an expansion push block with adjustable angle in the cutting seam expansion mechanism. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism is not started, the arc-shaped cutting portion is inclined toward the side away from the flame-retardant sleeve, and there is no possibility of contact between the two. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism is started, it is inclined toward the side close to the flame-retardant sleeve, and it enters the flame-retardant sleeve through the cutting seam. Under the action of the first energy storage spring, the cutting seam of the flame-retardant sleeve is expanded, which can avoid cutting of the arc-shaped cutting portion of the flame-retardant sleeve cup. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer skin in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3This is one of the internal structure schematic diagrams of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame retardant sleeve in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a connection diagram of the recessed support ring, the tool protection mechanism, and the cutting seam expansion mechanism in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a connection diagram of the tool protection mechanism and the cutting seam expansion mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure.

[0033] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tool protection mechanism in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting seam expansion mechanism in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1, wire core; 2, inner frame; 201, blocking plate; 202, flow hole; 3, outer frame; 4, outer skin; 5, flame retardant sleeve; 501, sealing part; 502, recessed part; 503, cutting line;

[0036] 6. Sealing inner fixing ring; 601. First convex ball; 7. Sealing outer fixing ring; 701. Second convex ball;

[0037] 8. Concave support ring; 9. Cutting knife;

[0038] 10. Tool protection mechanism; 1001. Square box; 1002. Tool holder; 1003. Upper slide groove; 1004. Piston plate; 1005. Lower slide groove;

[0039] 11. Cutting seam expansion mechanism; 1101. Expansion frame; 1102. Expansion moving block; 1103. Expansion push block; 1104. Arc-shaped cutting portion; 1105. Guide groove; 1106. Blocking block; 1107. Blocking rod; 1108. First energy storage spring; 1109. Second energy storage spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 A flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable, comprising a wire core 1 and an inner frame 2, wherein the multiple wire cores 1 are inserted into the mounting groove of the inner frame 2, the outer side of the inner frame 2 is wrapped with a flame retardant sleeve 5, the flame retardant sleeve 5 is filled with a flame retardant, an outer frame 3 is installed on the outer side of the flame retardant sleeve 5, the outer frame 3 comprises a long rod and an annular block, the annular block is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed long rods, and a plurality of annular blocks are evenly distributed on the long rods, the outer side of the outer frame 3 is wrapped with an outer skin 4, the outer skin 4 is made of heat-resistant material (such as PEP material) to prevent the outer skin 4 from melting during the temperature rise, and the wire core 1 inside thereof shows signs of catching fire. When the temperature rises, it can be stably wrapped on the outer side of the wire core 1 to prevent the outside air from entering it, and prevent the fire from spreading. The wire core 1 is made of aluminum alloy material, which is light in weight and more suitable for laying long-distance cables;

[0042] The exoskeleton 3 is installed on the outside of the flame retardant sleeve 5 and has a certain elasticity. When the outer skin 4 is squeezed, the force is applied to the exoskeleton 3 through the outer skin 4, which has a buffering and force-relieving effect on the internal structure, and can protect the internal flame retardant sleeve 5 to prevent the flame retardant sleeve 5 from being broken due to squeezing.

[0043] In a further embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the flame retardant sleeve 5 includes a sealing portion 501, and multiple flame retardant sleeves 5 are connected end to end in sequence. The sealing portion 501 exists as a seal at the end of the flame retardant sleeve 5. The flame retardant sleeve 5 is composed of a single independent cavity, which together forms a space separated from each other for storing flame retardants on the outer side of the inner skeleton 2 and the core 1. When a fire occurs, the flame retardant sleeve 5 at the corresponding position is cut open to release the flame retardant inside. The flame retardant serves to prevent the fire from continuing. The cables at other positions are not affected. When a fire occurs in the cable, only the damaged part needs to be replaced, and the replacement cost and maintenance difficulty are lower.

[0044] At the same time, in order to facilitate the cutting operation of the flame retardant sleeve 5, a cavity for gas circulation is provided in the inner frame 2, and a sealing plate 201 for separating the cavity is installed at the cavity, and the sealing plate 201 divides the cavity into a plurality of non-communicating spaces, inside which air circulates through the circulation holes 202, and the plurality of cavities are connected through the circulation holes 202; the inner frame 2 is provided with a plurality of branches, and the branches are used to accommodate a plurality of cores 1, and the branches are provided with a hollow shape, which can be used for air circulation, and the sealing plate 201 therein divides the cavity into a plurality of non-communicating spaces, and the plurality of cavities are connected through the circulation holes 202, so that the spaces between the flame retardant sleeve 5 and the core 1 are separated from each other, that is, different spaces are provided corresponding to different flame retardant sleeves 5, and the air pressure of different spaces is increased, which will not affect the air pressure of other parts;

[0045] More specifically, in order to seal the two ends of the flame retardant sleeve 5, the sealing part 501 needs to be sealed at both ends. The thickness of the sealing part is smaller than that of the main part, and there is a gap between it and the inner frame 2. During use, it is easy to shake and bend, and its position is easy to change. In order to better fit the sealing part 501, a sealing inner fixing ring 6 is installed at the position of the sealing part 501 in the inner frame 2, and a sealing outer fixing ring 7 is installed at the position of the sealing inner fixing ring 6 on the outer frame 3. The outer surfaces of the sealing inner fixing ring 6 and the sealing outer fixing ring 7 are respectively fitted with the inner walls on the inner and outer sides of the sealing part 501. The sealing inner fixing ring 6 and the sealing outer fixing ring 7 are installed at the position where two adjacent sealing parts 501 are connected, which can fit with the outer surface of the flame retardant sleeve 5, so as to support and fix the flame retardant sleeve 5.

[0046] At the same time, in order to allow the sealing inner fixing ring 6 and the sealing outer fixing ring 7 to clamp the sealing part 501 of the flame-retardant sleeve 5, a plurality of first convex balls 601 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sealing inner fixing ring 6, and a plurality of circumferentially distributed second convex balls 701 are fixedly installed on the inner surface of the sealing outer fixing ring 7, and grooves are provided at the positions of the sealing part 501 corresponding to the first convex balls 601 and the second convex balls 701; the positions of the sealing inner fixing ring 6, the sealing outer fixing ring 7 and the flame-retardant sleeve 5 are clamped and fixed by the grooves and the first convex balls 601 and the second convex balls 701, so that the position of the flame-retardant sleeve 5 is tightened to prevent its position from shifting during the squeezing process.

[0047] In a further embodiment, in order to be able to cut the flame retardant sleeve 5 when the wire core 1 shows signs of fire or catches fire, so that the flame retardant inside it can leak out, a recessed portion 502 is provided inside the flame retardant sleeve 5, and a sealed inner fixed ring 6 is fixedly installed on the inner frame 2 to abut against the surface of the recessed portion 502. The sealed inner fixed ring 6 can support a part of the recessed area at the flame retardant sleeve 5, that is, the recessed portion 502, so that the cutting knife 9 can cut the flame retardant sleeve 5, and a cutting knife 9 for cutting a cutting seam in the flame retardant sleeve 5 is installed at the sealed inner fixed ring 6;

[0048] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, in order to better protect the flame retardant sleeve 5 and prevent the cutting knife 9 from cutting the flame retardant sleeve 5 when the outer skin 4 is squeezed from the outside, a knife protection mechanism 10 needs to be installed at the cutting knife 9. The knife protection mechanism 10 is fixedly installed on the recessed support ring 8. The cutting knife 9 can only be pushed by the gas pressure to cut the flame retardant sleeve 5 when the gas pressure at the inner frame 2 increases. Under the pressure of the outside, the cutting knife 9 will not contact the cutting knife 9;

[0049] More specifically, Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the tool protection mechanism 10 includes a square box 1001, the square box 1001 is fixedly connected to the recessed support ring 8, the cutting knife 9 is inserted into the square box 1001, and the tool holder 1002 fixedly connected to the cutting knife 9 is slidably connected to the square box 1001 through an upper slide groove 1003, the tool holder 1002 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 1004, the piston plate 1004 is located on the side of the square box 1001 away from the flame retardant sleeve 5, and a blocking spring is installed between the piston plate 1004 and the inner frame 2, and the blocking spring is used to give the piston plate 10 04 moves away from the flame retardant sleeve 5, the piston plate 1004 is slidably connected with the lower sliding groove 1005, and the end of the square box 1001 away from the flame retardant sleeve 5 is connected with the cavity in the inner frame 2. When the wire core 1 is on fire, the temperature rises, and the air pressure inside the cavity corresponding to the ignition point rises. The air pressure will push the piston plate 1004 and the knife holder 1002 and the cutting knife 9 to move to the side close to the flame retardant sleeve 5, cut the flame retardant sleeve 5, and leak out the flame retardant filled therein. The flame retardant prevents the spread of fire and controls the fire.

[0050] Specifically, the cutting knife 9 is located inside the square box 1001. When the outer skin 4 is squeezed, there is always a gap between the cutting knife 9 and the flame retardant sleeve 5, and the two cannot contact each other. Therefore, the flame retardant sleeve 5 will not be cut by the cutting knife 9 due to external force. It can only be cut under the action of air pressure when a fire occurs inside it, thereby avoiding the situation where the flame retardant sleeve 5 is damaged by external force.

[0051] After the cutting knife 9 cuts through the flame retardant sleeve 5, the flame retardant filled therein will enter the area where the wire core 1 is located. However, the cutting seam cut by the cutting knife 9 is small, and the flame retardant flows out slowly, which cannot ensure that the flame retardant can be quickly filled into the position of the wire core 1 in the first time, and the flame retardant progress is slow. Therefore, a cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is installed at the flame retardant sleeve 5. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is started, the cutting seam cut by the cutting knife 9 at the flame retardant sleeve 5 can be expanded. A cutting line 503 is set at the position of the flame retardant sleeve 5 corresponding to the cutting knife 9. The cutting line 503 makes the cutting of the cutting knife 9 easier.

[0052] Specifically, Fig.10As shown, two cutting seam expansion mechanisms 11 are provided, and the two are respectively located on both sides of the cutting knife 9, and the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 includes an expansion frame 1101, and the expansion frame 1101 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the square box 1001, and an expansion moving block 1102 is slidably installed on the expansion frame 1101, and the expansion moving block 1102 is slidably connected with the guide groove 1105, and two expansion push blocks 1103 are installed on each expansion moving block 1102, and the two expansion push blocks 1103 are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the expansion frame 1101, and a first energy storage spring 1108 is installed between the two expansion push blocks 1103, and the first energy storage spring 1108 can accumulate elastic potential energy when the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is not started, and the elastic potential energy can push the two expansion moving blocks 1102 to move away from each other when the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is started, thereby expanding the cutting seam cut by the cutting knife 9;

[0053] It should be noted that the expansion push block 1103 is rotatably connected to the expansion moving block 1102 via a rotating shaft, and a second energy storage spring 1109 is installed between the expansion push block 1103 and the expansion moving block 1102. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is started, the second energy storage spring 1109 is used to pull the expansion push block 1103 to move toward the side close to the expansion moving block 1102, that is, the expansion push block 1103 will move toward the side close to the flame retardant sleeve 5 and move around the rotating shaft, and it can enter the interior of the flame retardant sleeve 5 along the cutting seam. The expansion moving block 1102 drives the expansion push block 1103 to move, and can expand the cut part of the flame retardant sleeve 5 along the cutting seam;

[0054] More specifically, in order to allow the first energy storage spring 1108 and the second energy storage spring 1109 to smoothly store elastic potential energy, a blocking block 1106 is slidably installed in the expansion frame 1101. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is not started, the blocking block 1106 is located between the expansion moving block 1102 and the expansion pushing block 1103; it can prevent the movement of both. The blocking block 1106 is fixedly connected to the blocking rod 1107, and the end of the blocking rod 1107 is provided with an oblique angle. The end of the blocking rod 1107 is inserted into the square box 1001, and it is inserted into the upper slide groove 1003, and the inner core is inserted into the inner core. When a fire occurs at 1, during the movement of the cutting knife 9 and the knife holder 1002, after cutting a gap on the flame retardant sleeve 5, it will continue to move, push the bevel at the blocking rod 1107, push the blocking rod 1107 out of the upper slide groove 1003, and the blocking block 1106 moves to the side away from the square box 1001. The movement of the expansion moving block 1102 and the expansion pushing block 1103 is not hindered. The elastic potential energy stored in the first energy storage spring 1108 and the second energy storage spring 1109 can push the arc-shaped cutting part 1104 to move away from each other, thereby expanding the cutting gap;

[0055] It should be noted that the expansion push block 1103 is provided with an arc-shaped cutting portion 1104. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is not started, the expansion push block 1103 is inclined to the side away from the flame retardant sleeve 5 (eg, Fig.10 As shown, the specific downward inclination is set compared to the vertical direction), when the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is started, the expansion push block 1103 is rotated to a vertical state under the action of the second energy storage spring 1109. At this time, the arc-shaped cutting portion 1104 is aligned with the flame-retardant sleeve 5. The angle of the expansion push block 1103 is adjusted when the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is started. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is not started, the arc-shaped cutting portion 1104 is tilted downward, and the flame-retardant sleeve 5 is located on its upper side, and there is no possibility of contact between the two. When the cutting seam expansion mechanism 11 is started, it is tilted upward, and it enters the flame-retardant sleeve 5 through the cutting seam to expand the cutting seam of the flame-retardant sleeve 5.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable, comprising a wire core (1) and an inner frame (2), characterized in that: The multi-strand wire core (1) is inserted into the installation groove in the inner frame (2); the outer side of the inner frame (2) is wrapped with a flame retardant sleeve (5); the flame retardant sleeve (5) is filled with a flame retardant; the outer side of the flame retardant sleeve (5) is installed with an outer frame (3); and the outer side of the outer frame (3) is wrapped with an outer skin (4); The flame retardant sleeve (5) is provided with a recessed portion (502) inside, a sealing inner fixing ring (6) is fixedly mounted on the inner frame (2) and abuts against the surface of the recessed portion (502), a recessed support ring (8) is mounted inside the sealing inner fixing ring (6), and a cutting knife (9) for cutting a cutting seam in the flame retardant sleeve (5) is mounted on the sealing inner fixing ring (6); The cutting knife (9) is provided with a knife protection mechanism (10), and the knife protection mechanism (10) is fixedly mounted on the recessed support ring (8); A cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) is installed at the flame retardant sleeve (5); when the cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) is activated, the cutting seam cut by the cutting knife (9) at the flame retardant sleeve (5) can be expanded; The tool protection mechanism (10) comprises a square box (1001), the square box (1001) is fixedly connected to the recessed support ring (8), the cutting knife (9) is inserted into the square box (1001), and the knife holder (1002) to which the cutting knife (9) is fixedly connected is slidably connected to the square box (1001) via an upper slide groove (1003), and the knife holder (1002) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (1004); the piston plate (1004) is located on a side of the square box (1001) away from the flame retardant sleeve (5), an arresting spring is installed between the piston plate (1004) and the inner frame (2), and the arresting spring is used to give the piston plate (1004) a force to move away from the flame retardant sleeve (5), the piston plate (1004) is slidably connected to the lower slide groove (1005), and the end of the square box (1001) away from the flame retardant sleeve (5) is connected to the cavity in the inner frame (2); The cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) is provided with two, and the two are respectively located on both sides of the cutting knife (9). The cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) comprises an expansion frame (1101), the expansion frame (1101) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the square box (1001), an expansion moving block (1102) is slidably mounted on the expansion frame (1101), the expansion moving block (1102) is slidably connected to the guide groove (1105), each of the expansion moving blocks (1102) is mounted with two expansion push blocks (1103), the two expansion push blocks (1103) are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the expansion frame (1101), a first energy storage spring (1108) is mounted between the two expansion push blocks (1103); the expansion push block (1103) is rotatably connected to the expansion moving block (1102) via a rotating shaft, a second energy storage spring (1109) is mounted between the expansion push block (1103) and the expansion moving block (1102), and the cutting seam expansion mechanism (1101) comprises an expansion frame (1101), an expansion moving block (1102) is slidably mounted on the expansion frame (1101), and the expansion moving block (1102) is slidably connected to the guide groove (1105), and a first energy storage spring (1108) is mounted between the two expansion push blocks (1103). When the mechanism (11) is activated, the second energy storage spring (1109) is used to pull the expansion push block (1103) to move toward the side close to the expansion moving block (1102); a blocking block (1106) is slidably installed in the expansion frame (1101); when the cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) is not activated, the blocking block (1106) is located between the expansion moving block (1102) and the expansion push block (1103); the blocking block (1106) is fixedly connected to the blocking rod (1107) to block the expansion frame (1101). The end of the blocking rod (1107) is provided with an oblique angle, and the end of the blocking rod (1107) is inserted into the square box (1001); the expansion push block (1103) is provided with an arc-shaped cutting portion (1104), and when the cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) is not activated, the expansion push block (1103) is inclined toward a side away from the flame retardant sleeve (5); when the cutting seam expansion mechanism (11) is activated, the expansion push block (1103) rotates to a vertical state under the action of the second energy storage spring (1109).

2. The flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer skeleton (3) comprises a long rod and an annular block, wherein the annular block is fixedly connected to a plurality of circumferentially distributed long rods, and the plurality of annular blocks are evenly spaced and distributed on the long rods.

3. The flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant sleeve (5) comprises a sealing portion (501), a plurality of flame retardant sleeves (5) are connected end to end in sequence, a cavity for gas circulation is provided in the inner frame (2), a sealing plate (201) for separating the cavities is installed in the cavity, and the plurality of cavities are connected via circulation holes (202).

4. The flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing portion (501) exists as a seal at the head and tail of the flame retardant sleeve (5); a sealing inner fixing ring (6) is installed at a position corresponding to the sealing portion (501) in the inner frame (2); a sealing outer fixing ring (7) is installed at a position corresponding to the sealing inner fixing ring (6) on the outer frame (3); and the outer surfaces of the sealing inner fixing ring (6) and the sealing outer fixing ring (7) are respectively in contact with the inner walls of the inner and outer sides of the sealing portion (501).

5. The flame retardant and fireproof aluminum alloy photovoltaic cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of first convex balls (601) are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the sealing inner fixed ring (6), a plurality of circumferentially distributed second convex balls (701) are fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the sealing outer fixed ring (7), and grooves are provided at positions of the sealing portion (501) corresponding to the first convex balls (601) and the second convex balls (701).

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