A non-powered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of rolling speed control, and particularly relates to a non-powered speed control device that can adapt to the free rolling state of objects of different shapes. It includes a rolling base plate, a clamping device is installed on one side of the rolling base plate, and a speed control mechanism is installed on the other side of the rolling base plate. The clamping device is used to clamp and fix the end of the workpiece, and the speed control mechanism is used to control the rolling speed of the clamping device. The clamping device includes a plurality of clamping mechanisms, and the plurality of clamping mechanisms are installed on the side of the rolling base plate at intervals along the annular direction with the center of the rolling base plate. Each clamping mechanism is slidably connected with an adaptive clamping mechanism, and the adaptive clamping mechanism is used to adjust its own sliding distance on the clamping mechanism and lock the workpiece according to the size of the workpiece. The device has strong versatility, can carry out rolling transportation of objects of different shapes, and can also control the speed of the object during the rolling process to prevent the object from being hit due to the increasing speed during the rolling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling speed control, and in particular relates to a free rolling state unpowered speed control device adapting to objects of different shapes. Background Art

[0002] At present, there is a need to transport objects from high places to low places in various production scenarios. In scenarios with longer slopes, vehicles or cable cars are used for transportation, or parts are directly rolled downhill. Among them, special-shaped parts cannot be transported by rolling. At this time, vehicle or cable car transportation is more suitable for batch transportation. Moreover, if the workpiece rolls downhill directly, it will be difficult to control the final rolling speed, and it is easy to cause collision damage. Because the process of rolling the workpiece from high to low is the process of converting potential energy into kinetic energy, the potential energy continues to decrease, and the kinetic energy gradually increases, which is manifested as the rolling speed of the workpiece is getting higher and higher. As the rolling speed increases, if the speed of the workpiece is not controlled, the workpiece is extremely prone to collision. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a free rolling state unpowered speed control device that is adaptable to objects of different shapes. The device has strong versatility, can perform rolling transportation on objects of different shapes, and can also control the speed of the objects during the rolling process, thereby solving the problem that the speed of the objects becomes increasingly faster and cannot be controlled during the rolling process, resulting in a collision of the workpieces in a high kinetic energy state at the end of the free rolling route.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0005] A free-rolling unpowered speed control device adapted to objects of different shapes comprises a rolling base plate, a clamping device is installed on one side of the rolling base plate, a speed control mechanism is installed on the other side of the rolling base plate, and the rolling base plate, the clamping device and the speed control mechanism are arranged concentrically; the clamping device comprises a plurality of clamping mechanisms distributed along the annular direction, each of the clamping mechanisms is slidably connected to an adaptive clamping mechanism, and the adaptive clamping mechanism adjusts its sliding distance on the clamping mechanism and locks the end of the workpiece by sliding;

[0006] The speed control mechanism includes a centrifugal friction mechanism, a gear train and a brake mechanism. The gear train is located between the centrifugal friction mechanism and the brake mechanism. The centrifugal friction mechanism includes a plurality of centrifugal sliders distributed along the circumferential direction. The centrifugal sliders are slidably connected to the rolling base plate. One end of the centrifugal slider is elastically connected to the center of the rolling base plate. A friction plate is provided at the other end of the centrifugal slider. The gear train includes a pendulum damper. Gears A and B are installed on one side of the pendulum damper. Gears C, D and E are installed on the other side of the pendulum damper. Gear A is concentrically arranged and fixedly connected to the rolling base plate. Gear B rotates sideways with the pendulum damper. The gear A is connected with the gear B, the pendulum damper is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the center of the gear B, the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the center of the gear C, the gear C is meshed with the gear D, the gear D is meshed with the gear E, the gear D is rotatably connected with the side of the pendulum damper, the center of the gear E is fixedly connected with the center of the braking mechanism, the braking mechanism comprises a brake disc, the side of the brake disc is detachably connected with a speed control ring along the annular direction, the speed control ring is located between the brake disc and the pendulum damper, the centrifugal friction mechanism and the gear train are both located inside the speed control ring.

[0007] Through the above technical scheme, the rolling base plate, the clamping device and the speed control mechanism are concentrically arranged to ensure that the workpiece, the clamping device and the speed control mechanism remain concentrically arranged, so that the entire speed control device rolls smoothly during rotation and will not jump under the action of centrifugal force; the power of the speed control device is transmitted through a gear system fixed on the rolling base plate, driving the brake disc and the speed control ring to move in the opposite direction. Therefore, the rolling base plate, the clamping device and the speed control mechanism must be on the same rotation axis, and if they are not concentric, the speed control ring rotates eccentrically relative to the rolling base plate, and the friction plate cannot generate stable friction with the speed control ring.

[0008] Because the sizes of workpieces are different, some are regular and some are irregular. According to the different sizes and shapes of the end of the workpiece, different adaptive clamping mechanisms can be selected for clamping and fixing. The adaptive clamping mechanism adjusts its sliding distance on the clamping mechanism by sliding, so as to be used with the outer wall of the workpiece, thereby locking the outer wall of the end of the workpiece, so as to realize the rolling transportation of workpieces of different shapes and sizes on the slope. Since the speed control mechanism is concentrically arranged with the workpiece, during the rolling process of the workpiece, the potential energy of the workpiece is converted into kinetic energy, the rolling speed of the workpiece is getting faster and faster, and the centrifugal slider slides in the direction away from the center of the rolling base plate under the action of centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal slider is farther and farther away from the rotation center of the rolling base plate until it contacts the speed control ring. When the speed of the workpiece is further increased, the centrifugal slider and the friction plate are limited by the inner diameter of the speed control ring and cannot further expand the distance from the rotation center of the rolling base plate. The increasing centrifugal force is converted into pressure between it and the speed control ring, thereby generating friction. The higher the speed, the greater the friction. Under the action of friction, the speed control ring speed decreases, and the torque is transmitted in reverse to the clamping device through the gear system, reducing the speed of the entire device and driving the speed of the workpiece to decrease. When the speed of the clamping device decreases, the centrifugal force on the centrifugal slider decreases, and the distance between it and the rotation center of the clamping device becomes smaller until it breaks contact with the speed control ring. When the friction disappears, the speed starts to increase again, and the centrifugal slider contacts the speed control ring again. Through this repeated movement, the speed of the entire workpiece is controlled not to exceed the set speed, that is, the speed of the workpiece is always within the safe speed range, and the phenomenon of increasing speed causing collision damage will not occur.

[0009] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping rack, an upper guide column base and a lower guide column base are respectively provided at both ends of the clamping rack, a plurality of fixed teeth are provided on the left and right sides of the clamping rack, sliding rails are opened on the left and right sides of the clamping rack, the upper guide column base is threadedly connected with two upper guide columns, and the lower guide column base is inserted and fixed with two lower guide columns, the ends of the upper guide column and the ends of the lower guide column are both slidably inserted into the inside of the clamping rack, and a return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the lower guide column, and the return spring is located between the lower guide column base and the clamping rack.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the upper guide column and the lower guide column are used to ensure that the clamping rack slides in a fixed direction and will not fall out, and the clamping is stable; when the workpiece is removed, the return spring can reset the clamping rack to its initial position to facilitate the clamping of the next workpiece.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping rack is detachably connected to the rolling base plate via rack anti-rotation pins, and the upper guide column base and the lower guide column base are fixedly connected to the side of the rolling base plate via bolts, and the upper guide column base is threadedly connected with a clamping bolt, and the end of the clamping bolt passes through the upper guide column base and is tightened against the end of the clamping rack, and the clamping bolt is threadedly connected to the upper guide column base.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the clamping rack is movably and detachably connected through the rack anti-rotation pressure pin, which can not only fix the clamping rack to prevent the clamping rack from rotating and shifting, and improve the firmness of the clamping rack installation, but also flexibly replace the clamping rack to facilitate installation and maintenance. The contact parts between the anti-rotation pressure pin and the clamping rack are small gaps, so it does not affect the sliding of the clamping rack, but can prevent the clamping rack from rotating and shifting.

[0013] Optionally, the adaptive clamping mechanism includes a clamping slider, and slide rail columns are installed on the left and right sides of the clamping slider, the ends of the slide rail columns are inserted into the sliding rails, and the slide rail columns slide in the sliding rails. The left and right sides of the clamping slider are rotatably connected to lock hooks through lock hook shafts, and a reset spring sheet is sleeved on the outer side of the lock hook shaft, one end of the reset spring sheet is clamped on the clamping slider, and the other end of the reset spring sheet is clamped on the lock hook.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, when the slide rail column slides along the sliding track, it drives the clamping slider to slide along the clamping mechanism. The lock hook can rotate relative to the clamping slider under the elastic pressure of the reset spring sheet, so that the hook-shaped end of the lock hook can freely hook with the tooth surface of the fixed tooth at different positions, so that the clamping slider can be locked in position after sliding to different positions of the clamping mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the top of the clamping slider is movably connected to a rotating frame via a locking bolt, and the left and right ends of the rotating frame are respectively movably connected to adaptive pressure heads via pressure head bolts, and the side of the adaptive pressure head away from the clamping slider is serrated.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the adaptive pressure head can flexibly adjust its own direction so that the serrated side is locked and fixed toward the side wall of the workpiece, thereby improving the stability and firmness of the clamped workpiece.

[0017] Optionally, the side of the rolling base plate is provided with sliding grooves corresponding to the centrifugal sliders one by one, the bottom of the centrifugal slider is located in the sliding grooves, the top of each sliding groove is detachably connected to two pressure strips by bolts, the two pressure strips are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bottom of the centrifugal slider, the friction plate is detachably connected to the side of the centrifugal slider away from the center of the rolling base plate, and a reset spring is hung on the side of the centrifugal slider close to the center of the rolling base plate, one end of the reset spring is suspended and fixed to the centrifugal slider through a hook, and the other end of the reset spring is suspended and fixed to a tension spring hook through the hook, and a thread is provided on the outer side of the tension spring hook, and the tension spring hook is threadedly connected to the central side wall of the rolling base plate.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the centrifugal slider will slide along the sliding groove due to the centrifugal force during the rolling of the workpiece, and the pressure strip can ensure the stability of the centrifugal slider during the sliding process. When the speed drops, that is, the centrifugal force is not enough to ensure that the friction plate continues to contact the speed control ring, the reset spring can reset the centrifugal slider through elastic force to prevent the friction plate at the bottom from continuing to contact the speed control ring under the action of gravity, causing unnecessary wear and speed reduction.

[0019] Optionally, the gear A and the gear B are installed on the side of the pendulum damper close to the rolling base plate, the center of the rolling base plate is movably connected with an intermediate supporting shaft through a rolling bearing, the outer side of the intermediate supporting shaft is sleeved with a tapered roller bearing A and a tapered roller bearing B, the rolling base plate is located between the tapered roller bearing A and the tapered roller bearing B, the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing A is fixedly connected to the intermediate supporting shaft, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing A is fixedly connected to the rolling base plate, the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing B is fixedly connected to the intermediate supporting shaft, and the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing B is fixedly connected to the rolling base plate.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, tapered roller bearings A and tapered roller bearings B can ensure that there is no synchronous rotation between the rolling base plate and the intermediate support shaft. The reason for limiting the synchronous rotation between the rolling base plate and the intermediate support shaft is: to prevent the workpiece and the rolling base plate from directly transmitting the rotational torque or affecting the various components on the intermediate support shaft when rotating, resulting in the weakening of the torque reversal effect of the speed control mechanism; because each component is connected by a bearing installed on the intermediate support shaft, although the rolling friction is small, there is still a certain friction force. If the intermediate support shaft and the rolling base plate are integrated, this part of the friction force will be directly transmitted to the speed control mechanism. Therefore, it is designed that the intermediate support shaft is not directly connected to the rolling base plate. From the manufacturing process point of view, the split design of the intermediate support shaft and the rolling base plate effectively reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0021] Optionally, the connecting shaft passes through the pendulum damper, and the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the pendulum damper through a connecting shaft bearing. A support shaft is fixed at the center of the gear D, and the support shaft is rotatably connected to the pendulum damper through a support shaft bearing. A support shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the gear D, and the support shaft passes through the pendulum damper, and the support shaft is movably connected to the pendulum damper through a support shaft bearing. The center of the gear E is fixedly connected to the center of the brake disc through a flat key.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, gear B and gear C are connected through the connecting shaft, so that gear B and gear C can rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft, and the support shaft can improve the flexibility of the lateral rotation of gear D and the pendulum damper. Gear B and gear C can rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft, the torque of gear A is transmitted to gear B and the torque is reversed, and gear B transmits the torque to gear C in the same amount and direction through the connecting shaft, at this time, the first torque change is realized, and the first step of the reverse rotation of the final speed control ring is realized.

[0023] Optionally, an inner dust cover and an outer dust cover are installed on both sides of the gear train.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the inner dust cover and the outer dust cover can protect each gear in the gear system, prevent the gears from being contaminated by impurities, and increase the service life of the gears.

[0025] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention designs a speed control device, which provides a new mode of transportation for workpieces and can reduce the difficulty of transporting workpieces. The device can clamp workpieces of different shapes and has strong versatility. The workpieces are transported from high to low in a rolling manner, and the rolling speed is ensured not to exceed the set limit, so as to prevent the workpieces from being damaged due to excessive rolling speed. During the rolling movement of the workpiece from high to low, the potential energy is converted into the rolling kinetic energy of the workpiece through the friction between the workpiece and the ground. During this process, the kinetic energy of the workpiece gradually increases. The speed control device in the present invention can consume the kinetic energy of the workpiece by friction, thereby reducing the rolling speed of the workpiece, so that the speed of the workpiece during the rolling process is always kept within a safe range, avoiding the risk of damage and collision of the workpiece during the rolling process from top to bottom due to the increasing rolling speed. Moreover, the speed control device in the present invention does not require an additional power mechanism to assist and provide power during the speed control process, so it is highly practical and low in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a speed control device is installed at both ends of a workpiece in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed control device in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 3 The structure of the speed control device in the embodiment in the disassembled state is shown in FIG. Figure Ⅰ ;

[0031] Figure 4 The structure of the speed control device in the embodiment in the disassembled state is shown in FIG. Figure II ;

[0032] Figure 5 The structure of the speed control mechanism in the embodiment in the disassembled state is shown in FIG. Figure Ⅰ ;

[0033] Figure 6 The structure of the speed control mechanism in the embodiment in the disassembled state is shown in FIG. Figure II ;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping device in an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in the embodiment in a disassembled state;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the adaptive clamping mechanism in the embodiment in a disassembled state;

[0037] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of the centrifugal friction mechanism and the rolling bottom plate in the embodiment in a disassembled state;

[0038] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the speed control mechanism in the embodiment in the disassembled state.

[0039] Description of reference numerals: 1, rolling base plate; 2, upper guide column base; 3, lower guide column base; 4, clamping rack; 5, rack anti-rotation pressure pin; 6, fixed tooth; 7, sliding track; 8, upper guide column; 9, lower guide column; 10, clamping bolt; 11, return spring; 12, clamping slider; 13, rotating frame; 14, locking hook; 15, slide rail column; 16, reset spring sheet; 17, locking hook rotating shaft; 18, pressure head bolt; 19, adaptive pressure head; 20, centrifugal slider; 21, sliding groove; 22, pressure strip; 23, friction plate; 24, Reset tension spring; 25. Tension spring hook; 26. Intermediate supporting shaft; 27. Pendulum damper; 28. Gear A; 29. ​​Gear B; 30. Gear C; 31. Gear D; 32. Gear E; 33. Tapered roller bearing A; 34. Tapered roller bearing B; 35. Connecting shaft; 36. Connecting shaft bearing; 37. Support shaft; 38. Support shaft bearing; 39. Brake disc; 40. Speed ​​control ring; 41. Locking bolt; 42. Inner dust cover; 43. Outer dust cover; 44. Outer end cover; 45. Double row tapered roller bearing; 46. Ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application discloses a non-powered speed control device that can adapt to the free rolling state of objects of different shapes.

[0042] Example

[0043] according to Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a non-powered speed control device that can adapt to the free rolling state of objects of different shapes includes a rolling base plate 1, a clamping device is installed on one side of the rolling base plate 1, and a speed control mechanism is installed on the other side of the rolling base plate 1. The clamping device is used to clamp and fix the end of the workpiece along the circumferential direction, and the speed control mechanism is used to control the rolling speed of the clamping device.

[0044] The clamping device includes multiple clamping mechanisms, which are installed on the side of the rolling base plate 1 at intervals along the annular direction with the center of the rolling base plate 1. Each clamping mechanism is slidably connected to an adaptive clamping mechanism. The adaptive clamping mechanism is used to adjust its own sliding distance on the clamping mechanism and lock the workpiece according to the size of the workpiece.

[0045] The clamping mechanism includes an upper guide column base 2, a lower guide column base 3 and a clamping rack 4, the clamping rack 4 is located between the upper guide column base 2 and the lower guide column base 3, the clamping rack 4 is movably and detachably connected to the rolling base plate 1 through the rack anti-rotation pressure nail 5, a plurality of fixed teeth 6 are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides of the clamping rack 4, a sliding track 7 is provided on the left and right sides of the clamping rack 4, and the sliding track 7 is located above the fixed teeth 6, the upper guide column base 2 and the lower guide column base 3 are fixedly connected to the side of the rolling base plate 1 by bolts, and the upper guide column base 2 is located at a part of the clamping rack 4 away from the center of the rolling base plate 1 The upper guide column base 2 is threadedly connected with two upper guide columns 8 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the lower guide column base 3 is inserted and fixed with two lower guide columns 9 arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The ends of the upper guide column 8 and the lower guide column 9 are both slidably inserted into the interior of the clamping rack 4. The upper guide column base 2 is threadedly connected with a clamping bolt 10. The end of the clamping bolt 10 passes through the upper guide column base 2 and is tightened against the end of the clamping rack 4. The clamping bolt 10 is threadedly connected with the upper guide column base 2. The outer side of the lower guide column 9 is sleeved with a return spring 11, and the return spring 11 is located between the lower guide column base 3 and the clamping rack 4. The clamping rack 4 is slidably matched with the upper guide column 8 and the lower guide column 9 to ensure that the clamping rack 4 can slide along the upper guide column 8 and the lower guide column 9. The clamping rack 4 slides along the upper guide column 8 and the lower guide column 9, which can ensure that the clamping rack 4 slides along the fixed direction and will not fall out, which not only ensures that the specifications of different workpieces can be adapted by sliding, but also ensures the stability of clamping.

[0046] The adaptive clamping mechanism includes a clamping slider 12, a rotating frame 13 and a locking hook 14. The left and right sides of the clamping slider 12 are both threadedly connected with a slide rail column 15. The end of the slide rail column 15 is a smooth cylinder. The end of the slide rail column 15 is inserted into the sliding track 7. The slide rail column 15 slides in the sliding track 7. The slide rail column 15 cooperates with the sliding track 7 to ensure that the clamping slider 12 moves relative to the fixed direction along the length direction of the clamping rack 4. The left and right sides of the clamping slider 12 are rotatably connected with the locking hook 14 through the locking hook rotating shaft 17. The lock hook 14 is located below the clamping slider 12, and a reset spring sheet 16 is sleeved on the outer side of the lock hook shaft 17. One end of the lock hook 14 is hook-shaped and is clamped with the tooth surface of the fixed tooth 6. The reset spring sheet 16 is sleeved on the outer side of the lock hook shaft 17, and one end of the reset spring sheet 16 is clamped on the clamping slider 12, and the other end is clamped on the lock hook 14. The reset spring sheet 16 is a torsion spring, and one end of the reset spring sheet 16 is clamped on the side wall of the inner groove of the clamping slider 12, and the other end of the reset spring sheet 16 is clamped on the side wall of the inner groove of the lock hook 14. When one end of the lock hook 14 is pinched by hand, the lock hook 14 rotates around the lock hook shaft 17, at which time one end of the lock hook 14 rotates toward the clamping slider 12, and the hook-shaped structure at the other end of the lock hook 14 rotates away from the clamping slider 12, at which time the reset spring sheet 16 is compressed and twisted, and when the hand is released, the compressed and twisted state of the reset spring sheet 16 is released, and the lock hook 14 returns to its initial state under the action of the reset spring sheet 16. Under normal conditions, the hook-shaped end of the lock hook 14 is hooked on the tooth surface of the fixed tooth 6 under the pressure of the reset spring sheet 16, and when one end of the two lock hooks 14 is pinched by hand, the lock hook 14 rotates around the lock hook shaft 17, and at this time, the hook-shaped end of the lock hook 14 is disengaged from the fixed tooth 6, and is hooked on the tooth surface of the fixed tooth 6 again after the hand is released. The top of the clamping slider 12 is movably connected to the rotating frame 13 through a locking bolt 41, and the left and right ends of the rotating frame 13 are movably connected to adaptive pressure heads 19 through pressure head bolts 18 respectively. The side of the adaptive pressure head 19 away from the clamping slider 12 is serrated, and the side surface of the adaptive pressure head 19 is serrated, which is used for contacting and clamping with the workpiece, and can lock the workpiece more firmly.

[0047] The speed control mechanism includes a centrifugal friction mechanism, a gear system and a braking mechanism. The gear system is located between the centrifugal friction mechanism and the braking mechanism. The gear system adjusts the torque direction of the rolling workpiece to the reverse direction, and transmits the torque value to the braking mechanism in equal amounts, so that the braking mechanism rotates in the reverse direction relative to the workpiece; in the centrifugal friction mechanism, when the workpiece speed increases to a certain value during the rolling process, the friction plate 23 of the centrifugal friction mechanism will contact the speed control ring 40 in the braking mechanism, and the speed of the workpiece will be reduced by the friction force generated by the contact; the braking mechanism receives the torque and direction transmitted by the gear system, and realizes the reverse movement with the workpiece. After contacting the friction plate 23, the reverse movement will ensure the generation of friction. If it is a unidirectional movement, there will be no friction between the friction plate 23 and the speed control ring 40, and the rotation speed of the workpiece will not be reduced by friction.

[0048] The centrifugal friction mechanism includes a plurality of centrifugal sliders 20, which are distributed in an annular direction around the center of the rolling base plate 1. The centrifugal sliders 20 are T-shaped, and the bottom of the centrifugal sliders 20 are slidably connected to the side of the rolling base plate 1. The side of the rolling base plate 1 is provided with a sliding groove 21 corresponding to the centrifugal sliders 20 one by one. The bottom of the centrifugal slider 20 is located in the sliding groove 21, and the top of each sliding groove 21 is detachably connected to two pressure strips 22 by bolts. The two pressure strips 22 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bottom of the centrifugal slider 20, and the side of the centrifugal slider 20 away from the center of the rolling base plate 1 is detachably connected with a friction plate 23 by screws. A reset spring 24 is suspended on the side of the centrifugal slider 20 close to the center of the rolling base plate 1, and one end of the reset spring 24 is suspended and fixed to the centrifugal slider 20 by a hook, and the other end of the reset spring 24 is suspended and fixed with a spring hook 25 by a hook, and the outer side of the spring hook 25 is provided with a thread, and the spring hook 25 is threadedly connected to the central side wall of the rolling base plate 1.

[0049] The gear train includes an intermediate supporting shaft 26, a pendulum damper 27, a gear A28, a gear B29, a gear C30, a gear D31 and a gear E32. The pendulum damper 27 is located on the side of the centrifugal friction mechanism away from the rolling base plate 1. The gear A28 and the gear B29 are installed on the side of the pendulum damper 27 close to the rolling base plate 1. The intermediate supporting shaft 26 passes through the center of the rolling base plate 1. The intermediate supporting shaft 26 is movably connected to the rolling base plate 1 through a rolling bearing. The outer side of the intermediate supporting shaft 26 is sleeved with a tapered roller bearing A33 and a tapered roller bearing B34. The rolling base plate 1 is located between the tapered roller bearing A33 and the tapered roller bearing B34. The center of the gear A28 is fixedly connected to the center of the rolling base plate 1 through a flat key. The center of the gear B29 is rotatably connected to the side of the pendulum damper 27, and the gear A28 is meshed with the gear B29. The inner ring of the tapered roller bearing A33 is fixedly connected to the intermediate support shaft 26, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing A33 is fixedly connected to the rolling base plate 1, the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing B34 is fixedly connected to the intermediate support shaft 26, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing B34 is fixedly connected to the rolling base plate 1, and the end of the intermediate support shaft 26 provides a locking force through a locking nut to lock the components passing through the entire shaft together, that is, the locking nut locks the rolling base plate 1, the pendulum damper 27 and the brake disc 39 through which the intermediate support shaft 26 passes together, thereby improving the stability and firmness of the entire speed control device during rolling.

[0050] The pendulum damper 27 is installed with a gear C30, a gear D31 and a gear E32 on the side away from the rolling base plate 1. The pendulum damper 27 is inserted with a connecting shaft 35. The connecting shaft 35 passes through the pendulum damper 27. A connecting shaft bearing 36 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft 35. The connecting shaft 35 is movably connected to the pendulum damper 27 through the connecting shaft bearing 36. The connecting shaft 35 passes through the pendulum damper 27 and is fixedly connected to the center of the gear B29. The gear B29 is sleeved and fixed on the connecting shaft. At one end of the connecting shaft 35, gear C30 is sleeved and fixed on the other end of the connecting shaft 35, gear C30 is meshed with gear D31, gear D31 is meshed with gear E32, the center of gear D31 is fixedly connected with a support shaft 37, support shaft 37 passes through the pendulum damper 27, support shaft 37 is sleeved and fixed with a support shaft bearing 38, support shaft 37 is movably connected with the pendulum damper 27 through the support shaft bearing 38, and the center of gear E32 is fixedly connected with the center of the brake mechanism through a flat key.

[0051] The brake mechanism is located on the side of the pendulum damper 27 away from the rolling base plate 1. The brake mechanism includes a brake disc 39 and a speed control ring 40. The center of the gear E32 is fixedly connected to the center of the brake disc 39 by a flat key. The brake disc 39 is detachably connected to the side of the rolling base plate 1 by bolts. The side of the brake disc 39 facing the rolling base plate 1 is detachably connected to the speed control ring 40 by bolts along the circumferential direction. The speed control ring 40 is located between the brake disc 39 and the pendulum damper 27. The centrifugal friction mechanism and the gear train are all located inside the speed control ring 40. Through calculation, speed control rings 40 with different inner diameters can be selected to be installed on the brake disc 39 to achieve the effect of controlling different maximum speeds.

[0052] An inner dust cover 42 and an outer dust cover 43 are installed on both sides of the gear train. The inner dust cover 42 is located between the gear A28 and the rolling base plate 1. The periphery of the inner dust cover 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the rolling base plate 1. The outer dust cover 43 is pressed between the gear E32 and the brake disc 39. The periphery of the outer dust cover 43 is fixedly connected to the side of the brake disc 39. The inner dust cover 42 and the outer dust cover 43 can protect the gear train to prevent dust and impurities from entering and causing early failures. An outer end cover 44 is installed at the center of the side of the brake disc 39 away from the rolling base plate 1. The bottom of the centrifugal slider 20 can cooperate with the sliding groove 21 to improve the stability of the centrifugal slider 20 during the sliding process along the sliding groove 21. The pressure strip 22 can ensure that the centrifugal slider 20 does not separate from the sliding groove 21 during the sliding process, thereby improving the stability of the slider during the sliding process along the sliding groove 21. The tapered roller bearing A33 and the tapered roller bearing B34 can ensure that there is no synchronous rotation between the rolling base plate 1 and the intermediate support shaft 37, the ball bearing 46 can ensure that there is no synchronous rotation between the pendulum damper 27 and the intermediate support shaft 37, and the double-row tapered roller bearing 45 can ensure that there is no synchronous rotation between the brake disc 39 and the intermediate support shaft 37. The double-row tapered roller bearing 45 is installed in the central inner hole of the brake disc 39, the ball bearing 46 is installed in the inner hole of the pendulum damper 27, the inner ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 45 is fixedly connected to the intermediate support shaft 37, the outer ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing 45 is fixedly connected to the brake disc 39, the inner ring of the ball bearing 46 is fixedly connected to the intermediate support shaft 37, and the outer ring of the ball bearing 46 is fixedly connected to the pendulum damper 27.

[0053] Working principle:

[0054] The speed control device of the present invention is installed on the left and right ends of the workpiece that needs to be rolled for transportation, and the center of the end of the workpiece is aligned with the center of the rolling base plate 1. The position of the adaptive clamping mechanism is adjusted according to the size of the external size of the workpiece. The adaptive clamping mechanism slides on the clamping mechanism so that the adaptive clamping mechanism can clamp and lock the outer wall of the workpiece. Pinch one end of the two locking hooks 14 with your hand, and the locking hooks 14 rotate around the locking hook shaft 17. At this time, the hook-shaped end of the locking hook 14 is disengaged from the fixed tooth 6. At this time, the clamping slider 12 can make a fixed direction relative movement along the length direction of the clamping rack 4, so as to adjust the distance between the adaptive pressure head 19 and the outer wall of the workpiece. When the serrated side of the adaptive pressure head 19 contacts the outer wall of the workpiece, the hook-shaped end of the locking hook 14 is hooked on the fixed tooth 6 at the corresponding position after releasing the hand. On the tooth surface, tighten the clamping bolt 10, which is threadedly connected to the upper guide column base 2, and the end of the clamping bolt 10 presses against the end face of the clamping rack 4, so that the clamping rack 4 slides along the upper guide column 8 and the lower guide column 9 in the same direction as the clamping force, until the fixed teeth 6 of the clamping rack 4 press on the hook-shaped structure of the lock hook 14, and the clamping force is transmitted to the clamping slider 12 and the adaptive pressure head 19 thereon through the lock hook 14, until the workpiece is finally clamped and the tightening bolt 10 is stopped. Because the clamping rack 4 compresses the return spring 11 during the sliding process, when the workpiece is removed, the clamping rack 4 returns to its initial position under the elastic action of the return spring 11.

[0055] Multiple adaptive clamping mechanisms repeat the above operation, so as to install and fix the end of the workpiece and the speed control device. According to the different shapes of the end of the workpiece, different adaptive clamping mechanisms can be selected to clamp and fix the outer wall of the workpiece.

[0056] Place the workpiece with the speed control device installed on the slope, push the workpiece, and let the workpiece roll from top to bottom. In the process of the workpiece rolling from high to low, it is a process of converting potential energy into kinetic energy. The potential energy continues to decrease and the kinetic energy gradually increases, which is manifested as the rolling speed of the workpiece getting higher and higher. As the rolling speed increases, the radius of the friction plate 23 set in the speed control device from the rolling center gradually increases under the action of centrifugal force. When the speed reaches a certain value X, the friction plate 23 contacts the speed control ring 40.

[0057] During the rolling process of the workpiece, the gear system set in the speed control device transmits the rotational torque of the workpiece in the reverse direction to the braking mechanism, driving the speed control ring 40 in the braking mechanism to rotate in the reverse direction. Therefore, when the friction plate 23 contacts the speed control ring 40, the rotation direction of the friction plate 23 and the speed control ring 40 is opposite, thereby generating friction, starting to consume kinetic energy and reducing the speed of the workpiece. As the speed further increases, the friction also increases, and the kinetic energy consumption effect is stronger. Until the speed of the workpiece drops below a certain value X, the friction plate 23 retracts under the action of the reset spring 24, and the braking effect is released. The subsequent potential energy continues to be converted into kinetic energy, the speed rises again, and the friction plate 23 contacts the speed control ring 40 again. This process is repeated continuously to ensure that the speed of the workpiece does not exceed X until the workpiece reaches the final position.

[0058] Explain from the perspective of energy: during the rolling motion of the workpiece from high to low, the potential energy is converted into the rolling kinetic energy of the workpiece through the friction between the workpiece and the ground. During this process, the kinetic energy gradually increases. The speed control device in the present invention consumes the kinetic energy through friction, thereby reducing the rolling speed of the workpiece.

[0059] The detailed analysis of the movement of the workpiece at each stage during the rolling process is as follows:

[0060] In the initial stage, when the workpiece starts to roll downward, it drives the entire device to rotate and move. At this time, the brake disc 39 rotates in the opposite direction according to the transmission ratio through the gear system. In this process, the rolling base plate 1 drives the gear A28 fixed thereon to rotate in the same direction (assuming that its rotation direction is clockwise). The gear A28 transmits the torque to the gear B29 and drives the gear B29 to move in the opposite direction (counterclockwise). The gear B29 drives the gear C30 to rotate synchronously (counterclockwise, the gear C30 is meshed with the gear D31, not with the gear E32) through the rotating shaft set on the pendulum damper 27, and drives the gear D31 to move in the opposite direction (clockwise). The gear D31 drives the gear E32 fixed on the brake disc 39 to move in the opposite direction (counterclockwise), so the gear E32 will drive the brake disc 39 to finally rotate in the opposite direction of the rolling base plate 1.

[0061] The pendulum damper 27 is designed to have a large center of gravity offset structure, which can serve as a stable intermediate structure during the rolling process of the workpiece and will not roll with the entire device, thereby ensuring normal transmission of torque between the gears in the gear system.

[0062] As the rolling speed of the workpiece increases, the centrifugal slider 20 moves farther and farther away from the rotation center of the rolling base plate 1 under the action of centrifugal force until it contacts the speed control ring 40. When the speed is further increased, the centrifugal slider 20 and the friction plate 23 thereon are restricted by the inner diameter of the speed control ring 40 and cannot further increase the distance from the rotation center. The increasing centrifugal force is converted into pressure between it and the speed control ring 40, thereby generating friction. The higher the speed, the greater the friction.

[0063] Under the action of friction, the speed control ring 40 rotates at a reduced speed, and transmits the torque in the opposite direction to the clamping device through the gear system, reducing the speed of the entire device and driving the speed of the workpiece to decrease. When the speed of the clamping device decreases, the centrifugal force on the centrifugal slider 20 decreases, and the distance between the centrifugal slider 20 and the rotation center of the clamping device decreases until it is out of contact with the speed control ring 40. When the friction disappears, the speed starts to increase again, and the centrifugal slider 20 contacts the speed control ring 40 again. Through this repeated movement, the speed of the entire workpiece is controlled not to exceed the set speed.

[0064] Explanation on setting speed: The speed control ring 40 on the brake disc 39 is a detachable structure. Different speed settings are achieved by replacing speed control rings 40 of different diameters. Because the distance between the centrifugal slider 20 and the rotation center is different at different rotation speeds, the workpiece speed value corresponding to this distance can be calculated, and the speed control ring 40 for controlling different speeds is manufactured based on this value.

[0065] Special circumstances of failure of this device:

[0066] When the initial speed of the part exceeds a certain value, the device will fail. This value is the torque value converted from the friction between the device speed control ring 40 and the clamping device through the gear system (i.e., the torque acting on the pendulum damper 27 so that the pendulum damper 27 tends to rotate around the clamping device). When the torque exceeds the rotational torque of the pendulum damper 27, the pendulum damper 27 moves synchronously and in the same direction as the clamping device and the speed control ring 40. At this time, the gears in the gear system are in a state of no relative rotation, so that there will be no reverse motion between the speed control ring 40 and the clamping device, which is similar to the structural locking state. At this time, there is no friction, and there is no consumption of kinetic energy. Therefore, the initial state exceeding this critical value will cause the device to fail.

[0067] However, this situation will not occur in normal usage scenarios. Under normal circumstances, the initial speed of the parts starts from 0. When the speed gradually increases, the friction plate 23 and the speed control ring 40 begin to contact and generate friction, thereby controlling the rotation speed. When the rotation speed decreases, the friction plate 23 disengages, and then the speed rises again, and friction is generated again. This process is a repetitive process, and the speed is always controlled so that it will not exceed the set speed.

[0068] In the present invention, the pendulum damper 27 exists as a stabilizer. During the rolling process, it will always maintain a downward stable posture under the action of gravity. The gears of the gear system provide a stable intermediate support in the process of transmitting torque, because the gears in the gear system will inevitably drive the entire gear system to generate torque around the rolling axis when the torque is transmitted. When this torque does not exceed the overturning torque of the pendulum damper (i.e., the torque required for the pendulum damper to rotate around the rolling axis), the gear system can work normally. Please refer to the introduction in the special case description of device failure. The pendulum damper 27 and the intermediate support shaft 37 cannot rotate synchronously. If the pendulum damper 27 rotates synchronously with the intermediate support shaft 37, or the pendulum damper 27 rotates synchronously with the rolling base plate 1, the gear system will lose the function of transmitting torque and reversing torque. There will be no relative rotation between the gears of the gear system, and they will all rotate in the same direction around the rolling axis. The brake disc 39 needs to achieve reverse rotation so that friction can be generated when the friction plate 23 contacts. The brake disc 39 and the intermediate support shaft 37 cannot rotate synchronously. If the brake disc 39 and the intermediate support shaft 37 rotate synchronously, or the brake disc 39 and the rolling base plate 1 rotate synchronously, then when the friction plate 23 contacts, the speed control ring 40 of the brake disc 39 and the friction plate 23 do not produce relative movement, so no friction is generated, and the braking and deceleration effect is lost.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-powered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes, characterized in that: It includes a rolling base plate, and a clamping device and a speed control mechanism are concentrically installed on both sides of the center of the rolling base plate. The clamping device includes a plurality of clamping mechanisms distributed along the annular direction, and the clamping mechanism is slidably connected with an adaptive clamping mechanism for locking the end of the workpiece; The speed control mechanism includes a centrifugal friction mechanism, which includes a plurality of centrifugal sliders distributed in an annular direction, the centrifugal sliders are slidably connected to the rolling base plate, one end of the centrifugal slider is elastically connected to the center of the rolling base plate, and the other end of the centrifugal slider is provided with a friction plate. A gear train is provided on the side of the centrifugal friction mechanism away from the rolling base plate, and the gear train includes a pendulum damper, one side of the pendulum damper is installed with meshing gears A and gear B, and the other side of the pendulum damper is installed with gears C, gear D and gear E, and the gears D are respectively The gear A is meshed with the gear C and the gear E, the gear A is fixedly connected to the center of the rolling base plate, the pendulum damper is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the center of the gear B and the center of the gear C, the gear D is rotatably connected to the side of the pendulum damper, a brake disc is arranged on the side of the gear train away from the rolling base plate, the center of the brake disc is fixedly connected with the gear E, one side of the brake disc is concentrically and detachably connected with a speed control ring, the centrifugal friction mechanism and the gear train are both located inside the speed control ring; The clamping mechanism comprises a clamping rack, an upper guide column base and a lower guide column base are respectively provided at both ends of the clamping rack, a plurality of fixed teeth are provided on the left and right sides of the clamping rack, sliding rails are provided on the left and right sides of the clamping rack, the upper guide column base is threadedly connected to two upper guide columns, the lower guide column base is inserted and fixed with two lower guide columns, the ends of the upper guide column and the ends of the lower guide column are both slidably inserted in the interior of the clamping rack, a return spring is sleeved on the outer side of the lower guide column, and the return spring is located between the lower guide column base and the clamping rack; The adaptive clamping mechanism includes a clamping slider, and slide rail columns are installed on the left and right sides of the clamping slider. The ends of the slide rail columns are inserted into the sliding rails, and the slide rail columns slide in the sliding rails. The left and right sides of the clamping slider are rotatably connected with lock hooks through lock hook shafts. A reset spring sheet is sleeved on the outer side of the lock hook shaft, one end of the reset spring sheet is clamped on the clamping slider, and the other end of the reset spring sheet is clamped on the lock hook.

2. The unpowered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamping rack is movably and detachably connected to the rolling base plate via rack anti-rotation pins, the upper guide column base and the lower guide column base are fixedly connected to the side of the rolling base plate via bolts, the upper guide column base is threadedly connected with a clamping bolt, the end of the clamping bolt passes through the upper guide column base and is tightened against the end of the clamping rack, and the clamping bolt is threadedly connected to the upper guide column base.

3. The unpowered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the clamping slide block is movably connected to a rotating frame via a locking bolt, and the left and right ends of the rotating frame are movably connected to adaptive pressure heads via pressure head bolts respectively, and the side of the adaptive pressure head away from the clamping slide block is serrated.

4. The unpowered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side of the rolling base plate is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the centrifugal slider one by one, the bottom of the centrifugal slider is located in the sliding groove, the top of each sliding groove is detachably connected to two pressure strips by bolts, the two pressure strips are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bottom of the centrifugal slider, the friction plate is detachably connected to the side of the centrifugal slider away from the center of the rolling base plate, a reset spring is hung on the side of the centrifugal slider close to the center of the rolling base plate, one end of the reset spring is suspended and fixed to the centrifugal slider through a hook, the other end of the reset spring is suspended and fixed to a tension spring hook through the hook, a thread is provided on the outer side of the tension spring hook, and the tension spring hook is threadedly connected to the central side wall of the rolling base plate.

5. The unpowered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear A and the gear B are installed on the side of the pendulum damper close to the rolling base plate. The center of the rolling base plate is movably connected with an intermediate supporting shaft through a rolling bearing. The outer side of the intermediate supporting shaft is sleeved with a tapered roller bearing A and a tapered roller bearing B. The rolling base plate is located between the tapered roller bearing A and the tapered roller bearing B. The inner ring of the tapered roller bearing A is fixedly connected to the intermediate supporting shaft, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing A is fixedly connected to the rolling base plate, the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing B is fixedly connected to the intermediate supporting shaft, and the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing B is fixedly connected to the rolling base plate.

6. The unpowered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting shaft passes through the pendulum damper, and the connecting shaft is rotationally connected to the pendulum damper through a connecting shaft bearing. A supporting shaft is fixed at the center of the gear D, and the supporting shaft is rotationally connected to the pendulum damper through a supporting shaft bearing. A supporting shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the gear D, and the supporting shaft passes through the pendulum damper, and the supporting shaft is movably connected to the pendulum damper through a supporting shaft bearing. The center of the gear E is fixedly connected to the center of the brake disc through a flat key.

7. The unpowered speed control device for free rolling state of objects of different shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An inner dust cover and an outer dust cover are respectively installed on both sides of the gear system. The inner dust cover is located between the gear A and the rolling base plate, and the periphery of the inner dust cover is fixedly connected to the side of the rolling base plate. The outer dust cover is located between the gear E and the brake disc, and the periphery of the outer dust cover is fixedly connected to the side of the brake disc.

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