Granular fermented fertilizer and its production process and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a granulated fermentation fertilizer and a production process and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of fermentation fertilizers. Chicken manure and crushed straw are uniformly mixed, a primary fermentation bacterial agent and a nitrogen retaining adsorbent are added, the mixture is added into a horizontal fermentation tank and stirred and mixed, the water content is adjusted to 50-55%, the mixture is fermented at 65±5°C for 15 days, and the mixture is stirred every 3-4 days to obtain a primary fermentation fertilizer; the primary fermentation fertilizer and a secondary fermentation bacterial agent are stirred and mixed according to a mass ratio of 10:0.3, the water content is adjusted to 45-50%, the mixture is fermented at 45±5°C for 5 days, and the mixture is stirred every 3-4 days to obtain a secondary fermentation fertilizer, and disc granulation is performed to complete the production process of the granulated fermentation fertilizer; the nitrogen retaining adsorbent is added during the primary fermentation process, so as to reduce the loss of nitrogen during the fermentation process of the organic fertilizer and improve the nitrogen content of the organic fertilizer; and field test results show that the nitrogen retaining adsorbent added to the granulated fermentation fertilizer can reduce the cadmium content in peanut grains.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fermented fertilizers, and in particular relates to a granulated fermented fertilizer and a production process and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the early stage of grain planting, a large amount of fertilizers are needed. Long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizers will lead to a series of problems such as reduced soil organic matter content, soil compaction or even desertification, and reduced soil microbial content. With the development of modern agriculture such as ecological agriculture, organic agriculture and standard agriculture, the research, development and promotion of new fertilizers have also received full attention.

[0003] my country produces about 700 million tons of crop straw every year, most of which is piled up or directly burned, causing serious pollution problems. In addition, my country produces 3.5 billion tons of intensive livestock and poultry manure each year. These manures are directly discharged without treatment, becoming a source of pollution affecting soil and water bodies, and seriously affecting the safety of drinking water sources. These two types of organic waste are the most important organic waste resources in rural my country.

[0004] Publication number CN113816777A patent application discloses a method for preparing ecological organic fertilizer using straw and chicken manure, and the ecological organic fertilizer obtained, with straw and chicken manure as raw materials, after fermentation, not only can the harmless requirements be met, pollution is reduced, and the organic fertilizer produced by fermentation can also improve soil properties and increase crop yield. Among them, chicken manure is a representative of nitrogen-rich raw materials. During the fermentation process, as the temperature and pH value rise, nitrogen will accelerate the conversion to ammonia and escape into the air, causing odor pollution and nitrogen loss, reducing the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer. Therefore, how to preserve nitrogen during the fermentation process and improve the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer is the research focus at this stage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a granulated fermented fertilizer and its production process and application, by adding a nitrogen-retaining adsorbent during a fermentation process, reducing the loss of nitrogen during the fermentation process of organic fertilizer and increasing the nitrogen content of the organic fertilizer.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A production process of granulated fermented fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Mix the chicken manure and crushed straw evenly, add a fermentation agent and a nitrogen adsorbent, add to a horizontal fermentation tank and stir to mix, adjust the water content to 50-55%, ferment at 65±5℃ for 15 days, stir every 3-4 days, and obtain a fermented fertilizer;

[0009] Step 2: Mix the primary fermentation fertilizer and the secondary fermentation bacterial agent in a mass ratio of 10:0.3, adjust the water content to 45-50%, ferment at 45±5℃ for 5 days, stir once a day, obtain the secondary fermentation fertilizer and perform disc granulation to produce granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0010] Furthermore, in step one, the mass ratio of chicken manure, crushed straw, primary fermentation bacterial agent and nitrogen-retaining adsorbent is 7-10:3-4:0.3-0.42:0.5-0.7.

[0011] Furthermore, in step one, the primary fermentation agent is formed by mixing Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus oryzae, Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Trichoderma viride in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0012] Bacillus licheniformis agent bacterial content ≥ 5.8 × 10 9 CFU / g; Aspergillus oryzae agent bacterial content ≥3.7×10 9 CFU / g; Bacillus stearothermophilus bacterial agent bacterial content ≥ 6.5×10 9 CFU / g; Trichoderma viride agent bacterial content ≥5.2×10 9 CFU / g.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2, the secondary fermentation bacterial agent is a mixture of a jelly-like Bacillus subtilis bacterial agent and a Bacillus velezensii bacterial agent in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0014] The bacterial count of the jelly-like Paenibacillus inoculum is ≥7.6×10 8 CFU / g; Bacillus Velezii inoculum content ≥ 6.5×10 9 CFU / g.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 1, the nitrogen retaining adsorbent is prepared by the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Add nano-iron tetroxide powder and deionized water into a reactor and stir to mix. After ultrasonic dispersion for 5-10 minutes, adjust the pH value to 8.5 with Tris buffer, then add a dopamine hydrochloride solution with a molar concentration of 2mmol / L into the reactor, stir and react at 20-25°C and 200-300r / min for 20-24h, filter, wash the filter cake with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol for 2-3 times respectively, transfer the obtained powder to a tubular furnace after vacuum drying at 60-80°C, keep it warm for 2-2.5h under nitrogen protection and 890-920°C, cool naturally, and obtain magnetic nano-carbon powder.

[0017] Step 2: Add pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, sodium hydroxide, aluminum chloride hexahydrate and deionized water into a reactor, stir at 300-500 r / min for 15-20 min, add magnetic nano-carbon powder and continue stirring for 5-10 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 5-10 min to obtain a precursor mixture, keep the mixture at 100-110° C. for 12-16 h, hydrothermally grow nanoparticles with nitrogen retention function on the surface of the magnetic nano-carbon powder, centrifuge and filter, wash the precipitate with deionized water and anhydrous methanol for 2-3 times respectively, and then vacuum dry at 150-160° C. for 2-3 h to obtain composite adsorption particles.

[0018] Step 3: Add melamine, anhydrous sodium carbonate and 3% formaldehyde aqueous solution into a reactor, keep warm and stir for 20-30 minutes at 60°C and 200-300r / min, add agarose and composite adsorption particles into the reactor at 95-100°C, keep warm and stir for 50-60 minutes under the action of an external magnetic field of 40-50mT, then add β-cyclodextrin into the reactor at 55-60°C, keep warm and stir for 100-120 minutes, injection mold the reaction solution to obtain a gel material, age the gel material at 20-25°C for 20-24 hours, wash with anhydrous ethanol 3-5 times, freeze-dry, and crush into composite dry gel particles with a diameter of 2-3mm.

[0019] Step 4: Add polypropylene glycol 400, 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid and hexamethylene diisocyanate into a reactor, stir and react at 88-90°C and 200-300r / min for 4-4.5h, then add triethylamine for neutralization, add deionized water into the reactor for shear dispersion into an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, stir and mix the composite dry gel particles and the aqueous polyurethane emulsion in a mass ratio of 1:6-8, filter to remove excess aqueous polyurethane emulsion to avoid clogging the pores of the composite dry gel, transfer the composite dry gel particles adsorbed with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion to the mixed solution for solidification, filter, wash and freeze-dry to obtain a nitrogen-retaining adsorbent.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 1, the dosage ratio of nano-ferroferric oxide, deionized water and dopamine hydrochloride solution is 1g:50mL:10mL.

[0021] Furthermore, in step 2, the usage ratio of pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, sodium hydroxide, aluminum chloride hexahydrate, deionized water and magnetic nano-carbon powder is 1.9-1.95 g: 1 g: 3 g: 50-60 mL: 1.2-1.5 g.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, the dosage ratio of melamine, anhydrous sodium carbonate, formaldehyde aqueous solution, agarose, composite adsorption particles and β-cyclodextrin is 2g:0.035g:50mL:0.6-0.7g:0.8-1g:14-15g.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 4, the usage ratio of polypropylene glycol 400, 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, hexamethylene diisocyanate, triethylamine and deionized water is 40g:13.5g:50g:10g:100-120mL.

[0024] Furthermore, the mixed solution in step 4 is a mixture of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol / L and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0025] The invention also provides an application of the granulated fermented fertilizer in reducing cadmium in crops.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0027] (1) The granulated organic fertilizer of the present invention adopts a secondary fermentation production process. The primary fermentation agent contains Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Trichoderma viride with high cellulase activity and Bacillus licheniformis with high protease activity, which helps to decompose the nutrients in the raw chicken manure and straw. The secondary fermentation uses Bacillus colloidus and Bacillus velezine with nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization, which helps to improve the fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer. Granulated organic fertilizer is easy to spread evenly. A nitrogen retaining adsorbent is added during the primary fermentation process. The nitrogen retaining adsorbent has stable chemical properties and is pollution-free, which helps to reduce the loss of nitrogen during the organic fertilizer fermentation process and increase the nitrogen content of the organic fertilizer.

[0028] (2) The nitrogen-retaining adsorbent of the present invention uses nano-ferroferric oxide as a matrix, and polydopamine is coated and carbonized through surface reaction. The formed magnetic nano-carbon powder has a larger specific surface area and higher surface energy, providing an ideal loading space, which is conducive to the growth of nanoparticles formed by the reaction of the precursor mixture on its surface. The nanoparticles have a three-dimensional porous structure, and their internal pores can effectively adsorb ammonium ions, etc., and the open metal sites and organic groups they have have a good adsorption effect on ammonia, and the nitrogen-retaining effect is good; melamine and formaldehyde are heated and reacted in alkaline to generate a melamine-formaldehyde resin precursor, and agarose and β-cyclodextrin are used as precursors to prepare a gel material with an interpenetrating network structure, which has a high cross-linking density. The composite adsorption particles are evenly dispersed in the gel material with the action of an external magnetic field to reduce agglomeration, and then freeze-dried to prepare a dry gel with uniform pores, so that the composite adsorption particles are evenly distributed, which helps to improve the adsorption effect of the composite adsorption particles and reduce the use cost of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent.

[0029] The composite dry gel particles are finally impregnated with aqueous polyurethane emulsion, and excess aqueous polyurethane emulsion is removed by suction to avoid clogging the pores of the composite dry gel. In the acidic mixed solution, the aqueous polyurethane emulsion containing a large amount of negative charge is neutralized, the repulsion between the emulsion ions is reduced, the chain segments shrink and solidify and adhere to the surface of the composite dry gel skeleton. Its hydrophilicity will not affect the adsorption effect of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent, and it provides a stable support for the porous structure of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent, further improving the nitrogen-retaining effect of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent.

[0030] (3) The granulated fermented fertilizer of the present invention has application prospects in reducing the cadmium content of crops. The results of field tests show that the addition of nitrogen-retaining adsorbents to granulated fermented fertilizers can reduce the cadmium content in peanut kernels. The precursor mixed liquid raw materials of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbents include pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate. The nanoparticles grown by the reaction contain a large number of pores and functional groups, which provide abundant adsorption sites for cadmium ions. The cadmium ions are fixed by complexation reactions and electrostatic attraction, which helps to reduce the absorption of cadmium by crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a granulated fermented fertilizer, which is prepared by the following production process:

[0033] S1: 10 kg of nano-iron tetroxide powder and 500 L of deionized water were added to a reactor and stirred and mixed. After ultrasonic dispersion for 5 minutes, the pH value was adjusted to 8.5 with Tris buffer, and then 100 L of dopamine hydrochloride solution with a molar concentration of 2 mmol / L was added to the reactor. The reaction was stirred at 20°C and 200 r / min for 20 hours, and the filter cake was washed twice with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively. After vacuum drying at 60°C, the obtained powder was transferred to a tubular furnace, kept warm at 890°C for 2 hours under nitrogen protection, and naturally cooled to obtain magnetic nano-carbon powder.

[0034] S2: Add 9.5 kg of pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, 5 kg of sodium hydroxide, 15 kg of aluminum chloride hexahydrate and 250 L of deionized water into the reactor, stir at 300 r / min for 15 min, add 6-7.5 kg of magnetic nano-carbon powder and continue stirring for 5 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 5 min to obtain a precursor mixture, keep the reaction at 100 ° C for 12 h, centrifuge and filter, wash the precipitate with deionized water and anhydrous methanol twice respectively, and then vacuum dry at 150 ° C for 2 h to obtain composite adsorption particles.

[0035] S3: 8 kg of melamine, 0.14 kg of anhydrous sodium carbonate and 200 L of 3% formaldehyde aqueous solution were added into the reactor, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred at 60°C and 200 r / min for 20 min. 2.4 kg of agarose and 3.2 kg of composite adsorption particles were added into the reactor at 95°C, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred for 50 min under the action of an external magnetic field of 40 mT. Then 56 kg of β-cyclodextrin was added into the reactor at 55°C, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred for 100 min. The reaction solution was injection molded to obtain a gel material, and the gel material was aged at 20°C for 20 h, washed 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, freeze-dried, and crushed into composite dry gel particles with a diameter of 2 mm.

[0036] S4: 40 kg of polypropylene glycol 400, 13.5 kg of 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid and 50 kg of hexamethylene diisocyanate were added to a reactor, stirred and reacted at 88°C and 200 r / min for 4 hours, and then 10 kg of triethylamine was added for neutralization. Then 100 L of deionized water was added to the reactor for shear dispersion into an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, 10 kg of composite dry gel particles and 60 kg of aqueous polyurethane emulsion were stirred and mixed, and the excess aqueous polyurethane emulsion was removed by suction to avoid clogging the pores of the composite dry gel. The composite dry gel particles adsorbed with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion were transferred to a mixed solution for solidification. The mixed solution was a mixture of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol / L and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1. After filtration and washing, the mixture was freeze-dried to obtain a nitrogen-retaining adsorbent.

[0037] S5: Mix 70kg of chicken manure and 30kg of crushed straw evenly, add 3kg of primary fermentation bacteria and 5kg of nitrogen-retaining adsorbent, add into a horizontal fermentation tank and stir to mix, adjust the water content to 50%, ferment at 65±5℃ for 15 days, stir every 3 days to obtain primary fermentation fertilizer; mix the primary fermentation fertilizer and the secondary fermentation bacteria in a mass ratio of 10:0.3, adjust the water content to 45%, ferment at 45±5℃ for 5 days, stir once a day to obtain secondary fermentation fertilizer and perform disc granulation to produce granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0038] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a granulated fermented fertilizer, which is prepared by the following production process:

[0039] S1: 10 kg of nano-iron tetroxide powder and 500 L of deionized water were added to a reactor and stirred and mixed. After ultrasonic dispersion for 8 minutes, the pH value was adjusted to 8.5 with Tris buffer, and then 100 L of dopamine hydrochloride solution with a molar concentration of 2 mmol / L was added to the reactor. The reaction was stirred at 22°C and 250 r / min for 22 hours, and the filter cake was washed twice with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively. After vacuum drying at 70°C, the obtained powder was transferred to a tubular furnace, kept warm at 905°C for 2.2 hours under nitrogen protection, and naturally cooled to obtain magnetic nano-carbon powder.

[0040] S2: Add 9.6 kg of pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, 5 kg of sodium hydroxide, 15 kg of aluminum chloride hexahydrate and 280 L of deionized water into the reactor, stir at 400 r / min for 18 min, add 6.8 kg of magnetic nano-carbon powder and continue stirring for 8 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 8 min to obtain a precursor mixture, keep the reaction at 105 ° C for 14 h, centrifuge and filter, wash the precipitate with deionized water and anhydrous methanol twice respectively, and then vacuum dry at 155 ° C for 2.5 h to obtain composite adsorption particles.

[0041] S3: 8 kg of melamine, 0.14 kg of anhydrous sodium carbonate and 200 L of 3% formaldehyde aqueous solution were added into a reactor, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred at 60°C and 250 r / min for 25 min. 2.6 kg of agarose and 3.6 kg of composite adsorption particles were added into the reactor at 98°C, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred for 55 min under an external magnetic field of 45 mT. Then 58 kg of β-cyclodextrin was added into the reactor at 58°C, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred for 110 min. The reaction solution was injection molded to obtain a gel material, and the gel material was aged at 22°C for 22 h, washed 4 times with anhydrous ethanol, freeze-dried, and crushed into composite dry gel particles with a diameter of 2.5 mm.

[0042] S4: 40 kg of polypropylene glycol 400, 13.5 kg of 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid and 50 kg of hexamethylene diisocyanate were added to a reactor, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 89°C and 250 r / min for 4.2 h. Then, 10 kg of triethylamine was added for neutralization. Then, 110 L of deionized water was added to the reactor for shear dispersion into an aqueous polyurethane emulsion. 10 kg of composite dry gel particles and 70 kg of aqueous polyurethane emulsion were stirred and mixed, and the mixture was filtered to remove excess aqueous polyurethane emulsion to avoid clogging the pores of the composite dry gel. The composite dry gel particles adsorbed with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion were transferred to a mixed solution for solidification. The mixed solution was a mixture of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol / L and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1. After filtration and washing, the mixture was freeze-dried to obtain a nitrogen-retaining adsorbent.

[0043] S5: Mix 85kg of chicken manure and 35kg of crushed straw evenly, add 3.6kg of primary fermentation bacteria and 6kg of nitrogen-retaining adsorbent, add into a horizontal fermentation tank and stir to mix, adjust the water content to 52%, ferment at 65±5℃ for 15 days, stir every 3 days to obtain primary fermentation fertilizer; mix the primary fermentation fertilizer and the secondary fermentation bacteria in a mass ratio of 10:0.3, adjust the water content to 48%, ferment at 45±5℃ for 5 days, stir once a day to obtain secondary fermentation fertilizer and perform disc granulation to produce granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0044] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides a granulated fermented fertilizer, which is prepared by the following production process:

[0045] S1: 10 kg of nano-iron tetroxide powder and 500 L of deionized water were added to a reactor and stirred to mix. After ultrasonic dispersion for 10 min, the pH value was adjusted to 8.5 with Tris buffer, and then 100 L of dopamine hydrochloride solution with a molar concentration of 2 mmol / L was added to the reactor. The reaction was stirred at 25 ° C and 300 r / min for 24 h, and the filter cake was washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol for 3 times respectively. After vacuum drying at 80 ° C, the obtained powder was transferred to a tubular furnace, kept warm at 920 ° C for 2.5 h under nitrogen protection, and naturally cooled to obtain magnetic nano-carbon powder.

[0046] S2: Add 9.75 kg of pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, 5 kg of sodium hydroxide, 15 kg of aluminum chloride hexahydrate and 300 L of deionized water into the reactor, stir at 500 r / min for 20 min, add 7.5 kg of magnetic nano-carbon powder and continue stirring for 10 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 10 min to obtain a precursor mixture, keep the reaction at 110 ° C for 16 h, centrifuge and filter, wash the precipitate with deionized water and anhydrous methanol for 3 times respectively, and then vacuum dry at 160 ° C for 3 h to obtain composite adsorption particles.

[0047] S3: 8 kg of melamine, 0.14 kg of anhydrous sodium carbonate and 200 L of 3% formaldehyde aqueous solution were added into a reactor, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred at 60°C and 300 r / min for 30 min. 2.8 kg of agarose and 4 kg of composite adsorption particles were added into the reactor at 100°C, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred for 60 min under an external magnetic field of 50 mT. Then 60 kg of β-cyclodextrin was added into the reactor at 60°C, and the mixture was kept warm and stirred for 120 min. The reaction solution was injection molded to obtain a gel material. The gel material was aged at 25°C for 24 h, washed 5 times with anhydrous ethanol, freeze-dried, and crushed into composite dry gel particles with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0048] S4: 40 kg of polypropylene glycol 400, 13.5 kg of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 50 kg of hexamethylene diisocyanate were added to a reactor, stirred and reacted at 90°C and 300 r / min for 4.5 h, then 10 kg of triethylamine was added for neutralization, and 120 L of deionized water was added to the reactor for shear dispersion into an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, 10 kg of composite dry gel particles and 80 kg of aqueous polyurethane emulsion were stirred and mixed, and filtered to remove excess aqueous polyurethane emulsion to avoid clogging the pores of the composite dry gel, and the composite dry gel particles adsorbed with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion were transferred to the mixed solution for solidification. The mixed solution was a mixture of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol / L and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1. After filtering and washing, freeze-drying was obtained to obtain a nitrogen-retaining adsorbent.

[0049] S5: Mix 100kg of chicken manure and 40kg of crushed straw evenly, add 4.2kg of primary fermentation bacteria and 7kg of nitrogen-retaining adsorbent, add into a horizontal fermentation tank and stir to mix, adjust the water content to 55%, ferment at 65±5℃ for 15 days, stir every 4 days to obtain primary fermentation fertilizer; mix the primary fermentation fertilizer and the secondary fermentation bacteria in a mass ratio of 10:0.3, adjust the water content to 50%, ferment at 45±5℃ for 5 days, stir once a day to obtain secondary fermentation fertilizer and perform disc granulation to produce granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0050] In the embodiment, the straw selected is corn straw, the primary fermentation agent is composed of Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Trichoderma viride mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, and the secondary fermentation agent is composed of Bacillus jelly-like and Bacillus velezii mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0051] The Bacillus licheniformis inoculant is prepared by the following steps:

[0052] Wash the Bacillus licheniformis (ATCC 12759) preservation slant with sterile saline, and shake it in a sterile triangular flask to obtain a Bacillus licheniformis suspension; inoculate the Bacillus licheniformis suspension into LB medium, and culture it at 30°C and 200r / min for 36h to obtain a Bacillus licheniformis seed solution; inoculate 10% of the Bacillus licheniformis seed solution into LB medium, and culture it at 30°C and 200r / min for 48h to obtain a Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid; mix the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid with sterilized bran in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dry them to prepare a Bacillus licheniformis inoculum, and the bacterial content of the Bacillus licheniformis inoculum is ≥5.8×10 9 CFU / g.

[0053] The Aspergillus oryzae inoculant is prepared by the following steps:

[0054] Wash the Aspergillus oryzae (ATCC 9376) preservation slant with sterile saline, and shake it in a sterile triangular flask to obtain an Aspergillus oryzae suspension; inoculate the Aspergillus oryzae suspension into YPD medium, and culture it at 28°C and 200 r / min for 48 h to obtain Aspergillus oryzae seed liquid; inoculate 10% of the Aspergillus oryzae seed liquid into PDA medium, and culture it at 28°C and 200 r / min for 72 h to obtain Aspergillus oryzae fermentation liquid; mix the Aspergillus oryzae fermentation liquid with sterilized bran in a mass ratio of 1:1 and air-dry to obtain an Aspergillus oryzae inoculum, and the Aspergillus oryzae inoculum content is ≥3.7×10 9 CFU / g.

[0055] The thermophilic Bacillus inoculum is prepared by the following steps:

[0056] The slant of the preservation of Bacillus stearothermophilus (ATCC 7953) was washed with sterile saline, and then shaken in a sterile triangular flask to obtain a suspension of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The suspension of Bacillus stearothermophilus was inoculated into LB medium, and cultured at 60°C and 200 r / min for 36 h to obtain a seed solution of Bacillus stearothermophilus. 10% of the seed solution of Bacillus stearothermophilus was inoculated into LB medium, and cultured at 60°C and 200 r / min for 48 h to obtain a fermentation solution of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The fermentation solution of Bacillus stearothermophilus was mixed with sterilized bran in a mass ratio of 1:1 and air-dried to obtain a Bacillus stearothermophilus inoculum, and the bacterial content of the Bacillus stearothermophilus inoculum was ≥6.5×10 9 CFU / g.

[0057] The green Trichoderma agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0058] The green Trichoderma (ATCC 13015) preservation slant was washed with sterile saline and shaken in a sterile triangular flask to obtain a green Trichoderma suspension; the green Trichoderma suspension was inoculated into YPD medium and cultured at 28°C and 200 r / min for 48 h to obtain green Trichoderma seed solution; 10% green Trichoderma seed solution was inoculated into PDA medium and cultured at 28°C and 200 r / min for 72 h to obtain green Trichoderma fermentation liquid; the green Trichoderma fermentation liquid was mixed with sterilized bran in a mass ratio of 1:1 and air-dried to obtain green Trichoderma agent, and the bacterial content of green Trichoderma agent was ≥5.2×10 9 CFU / g.

[0059] The jelly-like Paenibacillus inoculum is prepared by the following steps:

[0060] Wash the preserved slant of Paenibacillus jelly (CGMCC 1.231) with sterile saline, and shake it in a sterile triangular flask to obtain a Paenibacillus jelly suspension. Inoculate the Paenibacillus jelly suspension into a nitrogen-free culture medium, and culture it at 30°C and 200 r / min for 36 h to obtain a Paenibacillus jelly seed solution. Inoculate 10% of the Paenibacillus jelly seed solution into a nitrogen culture medium, and culture it at 30°C and 200 r / min for 60 h to obtain a Paenibacillus jelly fermentation liquid. Mix the Paenibacillus jelly fermentation liquid with sterilized peat in a mass ratio of 1:1 and air-dry to obtain a Paenibacillus jelly inoculum. The Paenibacillus jelly inoculum has a bacterial content of ≥7.6×10 8 CFU / g.

[0061] The Bacillus Velez inoculum is prepared by the following steps:

[0062] Wash the preserved slant of Bacillus Velez (CCTCC NO: M20232019) with sterile saline, and shake it in a sterile triangular flask to obtain a Bacillus Velez suspension; inoculate the Bacillus Velez suspension into YPD medium, and culture it at 30°C and 180r / min for 24h to obtain Bacillus Velez seed solution; inoculate 10% Bacillus Velez seed solution into LB medium, and culture it at 30°C and 300r / min for 72h to obtain Bacillus Velez fermentation liquid; mix the Bacillus Velez fermentation liquid with sterilized peat in a mass ratio of 1:1 and air-dry to obtain Bacillus Velez inoculum, and the Bacillus Velez inoculum content is ≥6.5×10 9 CFU / g.

[0063] LB medium formula: peptone 10g / L, yeast extract powder 10g / L, NaCl 10g / L, KClO3 0.05g / L.

[0064] YPD medium formula: peptone 20g / L, yeast extract powder 10g / L, glucose 20g / L.

[0065] PDA culture medium formula: malt powder 20g / L, yeast extract 1g / L, glucose 20g / L.

[0066] Nitrogen-free culture medium formula: glucose 10g / L, KH2PO4 0.2g / L, CaCO3 5.0g / L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2g / L, NaCl 0.2g / L, CaSO4·2H2O 0.2g / L, pH 7.2.

[0067] Nitrogen culture medium formula: glucose 10g / L, (NH4)2SO4 1g / L, K2HPO4 0.5g / L, MgSO4·7H2O0.5g / L, NaCl 0.1g / L, yeast extract powder 0.2g / L, CaCO3 1g / L, pH value is 7.2.

[0068] Comparative Example 1: Based on Example 3, no nitrogen-retaining adsorbent is added in step S5, and the other steps remain unchanged to prepare a granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0069] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 3, without going through step S4, the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent in step S5 is directly replaced by the dry gel of the same mass in step S3, and the other steps remain unchanged to prepare a granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0070] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 3, the nano-iron tetroxide powder in step S1 is replaced with nano-titanium dioxide powder of the same molar mass, and the other steps remain unchanged to prepare a granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0071] Comparative Example 4: Based on Example 3, without going through step S2, the magnetic nano-carbon powder in step S1 is directly used in step S3 and the subsequent methods unchanged to prepare granulated fermented fertilizer.

[0072] In order to evaluate the nitrogen retention effect of the nitrogen retention adsorbent, the total nitrogen content in different granulated fermented fertilizers in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was detected by sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide digestion-Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method with reference to NY / T 525-2021. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1

[0074] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Total nitrogen (g / kg) 72.59 73.22 72.85 44.90 66.27 69.74 53.50

[0075] It can be seen from Table 1 that the total nitrogen content in the granulated fermented fertilizer in the embodiment is greater than 72g / kg, which has a higher total nitrogen content than the comparative example. Comparative Example 1 shows that the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent has a nitrogen-retaining effect; the total nitrogen content in Comparative Example 2 decreases, in addition to the fact that the aqueous polyurethane emulsion used in the preparation process of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent contains nitrogen, the support provided by the aqueous polyurethane emulsion after curing can stabilize the structure of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent, which helps to improve the nitrogen-retaining effect of the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent; the total nitrogen content in Comparative Example 3 decreases because nano-iron tetroxide is used as a matrix, and the external magnetic field is used to make the composite adsorption particles evenly dispersed in the composite dry gel, reducing agglomeration, thereby improving the nitrogen-retaining effect; Comparative Example 4 shows that the substance grown by the reaction of the precursor mixed liquid in step S2 plays a major role in nitrogen-retaining adsorption.

[0076] The granulated fermented fertilizers in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were subjected to a peanut planting field test. The test site was Shuangdui Town, Suixi County, Anhui Province. The contents of soil organic matter, total N, effective P, and available K were 13.5 g / kg, 0.97 g / kg, 12.6 g / kg, and 106 mg / kg, respectively. The soil pH value was 7.1. The test variety was Lianhei 09.

[0077] Six adjacent experimental fields of the same size were selected at the experimental site, one of which was not applied with fertilizer as a blank control, and the other five were applied with different granulated fermented fertilizers as base fertilizers in mid-April 2023, with an application rate of 40 kg / mu. After peanuts were sown in early May 2023, the field management method was the same, and peanuts were harvested at the end of August 2023.

[0078] 500g of peanut kernels were collected from each acre of peanuts for testing. The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0079] Table 2

[0080] Test items Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Blank control Detection Methods Protein (g / 100g) 18.6 15.7 17.2 16.8 16.0 14.5 GB 5009.5-2016 Method 1 Fat (g / 100g) 46.5 44.9 45.6 45.7 45.2 44.2 GB 5009.5-2016 Method 1 Carbohydrate (g / 100g) 26.8 27.5 26.9 27.1 27.2 27.4 GB 28050-2011 Cadmium (mg / 100g) 0.009 0.015 0.011 0.010 0.015 0.018 GB 5009.15-2014

[0081] It can be seen from Table 2 that the granulated fermented fertilizer in Example 3 can increase the protein and fat content of peanut seeds, and the comparative example shows that the addition of nitrogen-retaining adsorbent to the granulated fermented fertilizer can reduce the cadmium content in peanut seeds. Because the precursor mixed liquid raw material includes pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, the reaction-grown substance contains a large number of carboxyl groups, which provide abundant adsorption sites for cadmium ions, fix cadmium ions through complexation and electrostatic attraction, reduce the absorption of cadmium by crops, and thus reduce the cadmium content in peanut seeds.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0083] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A production process for granulated fermented fertilizer, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Mix the chicken manure and crushed straw evenly, add a fermentation agent and a nitrogen adsorbent, add them into a horizontal fermentation tank and stir to mix, adjust the water content to 50-55%, ferment at 65±5℃ for 15 days, stir every 3-4 days to obtain a fermented fertilizer; Step 2: Mix the primary fermentation fertilizer and the secondary fermentation bacterial agent in a mass ratio of 10:0.3, adjust the water content to 45-50%, ferment at 45±5℃ for 5 days, stir once a day, obtain the secondary fermentation fertilizer, and then perform disc granulation to complete the production process of granulated fermentation fertilizer; The primary fermentation agent is a mixture of Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Trichoderma viride in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, and the secondary fermentation agent is a mixture of Paenibacillus jelly and Bacillus velezii in a mass ratio of 1:1; The nitrogen retaining adsorbent is prepared by the following steps: Add nano-ferroferric oxide powder and deionized water into a reactor and stir and mix, ultrasonically disperse for 5-10 minutes, adjust the pH value to 8.5 with Tris buffer, add a dopamine hydrochloride solution with a concentration of 2mmol / L, stir and react at 20-25℃ and 200-300r / min for 20-24h, filter, wash the filter cake with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol for 2-3 times respectively, transfer to a tube furnace after vacuum drying, protect with nitrogen and keep warm at 890-920℃ for 2-2.5h, cool naturally, and obtain magnetic nano-carbon powder; the dosage ratio of the nano-ferroferric oxide, deionized water and dopamine hydrochloride solution is 1g:50mL:10mL; Pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, sodium hydroxide, aluminum chloride hexahydrate and deionized water are added into a reaction kettle, stirred at 300-500 r / min for 15-20 min, magnetic nano-carbon powder is added and stirred for 5-10 min, ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 5-10 min, the reaction is carried out at 100-110° C. for 12-16 h, centrifugal filtration is performed, the precipitate is washed with deionized water and anhydrous methanol for 2-3 times respectively, and vacuum dried at 150-160° C. for 2-3 h to obtain composite adsorption particles; Add melamine, anhydrous sodium carbonate and 3wt% formaldehyde aqueous solution into a reaction kettle, keep warm and stir for 20-30min at 60℃ and 200-300r / min, add agarose and composite adsorption particles at 95-100℃, keep warm and stir for 50-60min under the action of an external magnetic field of 40-50mT, add β-cyclodextrin at 55-60℃, keep warm and stir for 100-120min, injection mold the reaction solution to obtain a gel material, age at 20-25℃ for 20-24h, wash, freeze-dry, and crush into composite dry gel particles with a diameter of 2-3mm; the dosage ratio of melamine, anhydrous sodium carbonate, formaldehyde aqueous solution, agarose, composite adsorption particles and β-cyclodextrin is 2g:0.035g:50mL:0.6-0.7g:0.8-1g:14-15g; Add polypropylene glycol 400, 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid and hexamethylene diisocyanate into a reactor, stir and react at 88-90°C and 200-300r / min for 4-4.5h, add triethylamine for neutralization and then add deionized water, shear and disperse into an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, stir and mix the composite dry gel particles and the aqueous polyurethane emulsion in a mass ratio of 1:6-8, filter, transfer the composite dry gel particles adsorbed with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion into the mixed solution for coagulation, filter, wash and freeze-dry to obtain a nitrogen retaining adsorbent.

2. The production process of a granulated fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the chicken manure, the crushed straw, the primary fermentation bacterial agent and the nitrogen-retaining adsorbent is 7-10: 3-4: 0.3-0.42: 0.5-0.

7.

3. The production process of a granulated fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of the pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid monohydrate, sodium hydroxide, aluminum chloride hexahydrate, deionized water and magnetic nano-carbon powder is 1.9-1.95 g: 1 g: 3 g: 50-60 mL: 1.2-1.5 g.

4. The production process of a granulated fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the polypropylene glycol 400, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, hexamethylene diisocyanate, triethylamine and deionized water is 40g:13.5g:50g:10g:100-120mL.

5. The production process of a granulated fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed solution is prepared by mixing 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid and anhydrous ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:

1.

6. A granulated fermented fertilizer, characterized in that: The granulated fermented fertilizer is prepared by the production process of any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Use of the granulated fermented fertilizer according to claim 6 in reducing cadmium in peanuts.