Cultivation method of high-quality and high-yield leaf gingko

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for high-quality and high-yield leaf gingko, and belongs to the technical field of ginkgo tree cultivation. The cultivation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) fertilizing and preparing soil; (2) cultivating seedlings by using seed kernels; (3) cultivation management; (4) crown shape regulation and control; by regulating and controlling the growth of seeds and seedlings in the seedling raising stage and the cultivation stage, the growth efficiency of trunks is influenced, the number of leaves is increased, the development of root systems is promoted, and the water absorption capacity and photosynthesis efficiency of plants are improved, so that the purposes of effectively increasing the fresh leaf yield and the effective medicinal component content in unit area of the leaf ginkgo biloba are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ginkgo forest cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo. Background Art

[0002] The ginkgo tree, also known as the white fruit tree, the maidenhair tree, and the duck-foot tree, is the oldest plant in the world. It has an upright trunk, a tall tree shape, fan-shaped leaves, which are green in spring and yellow in autumn. It is the best greening tree species for modern landscaping, and is also one of my country's unique medicinal and edible tree species.

[0003] In recent years, the number of domestic ginkgo leaf extraction companies, ginkgo preparation companies and health care product companies is still increasing, and the demand for ginkgo leaves has also increased accordingly. The directional cultivation and planting industry of ginkgo for leaves has continued to develop like mushrooms after rain. The growth of ginkgo trees is relatively slow and the life span is very long. If it is under natural conditions, it takes about 20 years from cultivation to fruiting, which has good value. Therefore, it is particularly important to do a good job in high-yield composite cultivation of ginkgo. There are many ways to propagate ginkgo trees, among which the three most important propagation methods are ginkgo seed seedling, branch cutting, and division propagation. However, the current seedling raising methods cannot meet the growing demand for ginkgo leaves. Therefore, the application and promotion of high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo cultivation methods have important practical significance for the yield, quality requirements and economic benefits of ginkgo leaves. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing leaf-growing ginkgo cultivation methods, the present invention provides a high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing ginkgo cultivation method. By regulating breeding, cultivation methods and crown shape, the ginkgo is comprehensively controlled throughout the entire growth cycle to slow down the growth of the ginkgo trunk and improve the yield and quality of ginkgo leaves.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Fertilize and prepare the soil to create a slope environment suitable for the growth of ginkgo seedlings;

[0007] Seed core preparation to grow strong seedlings with well-developed root systems;

[0008] Cultivation management, including:

[0009] (1) Transplant the strong seedlings grown from the seed core into the treated soil, plant them at a distance of 1-4 m between seedlings, then water them thoroughly and cover them with a layer of fine soil;

[0010] (2) Fertilize once every two months in the first year of transplanting, top the growing branches and remove the front leaves when the new shoots grow to semi-lignified, and add water in time;

[0011] (3) Deeply till the soil 1-3 times a year and add fertilizer at the same time;

[0012] By regulating the crown shape, dwarf plants are obtained on the upper part of the slope, and normal plants are obtained on the lower part of the slope;

[0013] Harvesting.

[0014] Furthermore, the fertilization and soil preparation comprises the following steps: preparing the soil, fertilizing and removing insects, and watering thoroughly;

[0015] The slope environment meets the following requirements: the slope is 20-40°, and purple soil, yellow soil, loam, sandy loam or sandy brown soil with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good irrigation and drainage conditions, pH 5.5-7.5, and good drainage are selected as the garden site.

[0016] Furthermore, when preparing the soil, dig planting ridges and nutrient trenches for the ginkgo seedlings;

[0017] The bottom of the planting ridge is filled with slag, topsoil and nutrient compost, and subsoil is piled on the surface; the nutrient ditch is filled with backfill soil and nutrient compost.

[0018] Furthermore, the seed core preparation includes the following steps: selecting the seed core, sterilizing the seed core with a sterilizing solution, and then rinsing it with clean water and then soaking it;

[0019] The soaked seeds are grown in a culture medium until the ginkgo seedlings are taller than 30 cm and the root length is longer than 5 cm.

[0020] Furthermore, the culture medium seedling cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0021] The seedlings are grown in primary culture medium and rooting culture medium in turn, and then the intermediate seedlings grown in the rooting culture medium are transplanted into the substrate for cultivation and rooting.

[0022] Furthermore, the primary culture medium comprises: MS basal culture medium, BA solution and sucrose;

[0023] The rooting medium comprises: MS basic medium, NAA solution and activated carbon.

[0024] The matrix is ​​a mixture of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil from a planting garden.

[0025] Furthermore, during the rooting process, the light intensity in the culture environment is gradually increased, water is poured thoroughly once a month, and foliar fertilizer is sprayed.

[0026] Furthermore, in the cultivation management, fertilizers are applied in February, May and August every year after the first year, and topdressing is performed in July and November, and weeding is also performed at the same time.

[0027] Furthermore, the deep plowing method is as follows: the plowing depth is 40-60 cm, the original subsoil is placed on the plowed surface, and the original topsoil is mixed with organic fertilizer and placed on the plowed bottom layer.

[0028] Furthermore, the crown shape regulation includes the following steps: cutting off the trunk of the ginkgo tree during its dormant period; spraying plant growth regulators during the budding period of the ginkgo tree to obtain dwarf plants.

[0029] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0030] 1. The present invention discloses a method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo, which improves the emergence rate and survival rate of ginkgo seedlings by breeding in a culture medium. At the same time, after a period of seedling strengthening treatment, the seedlings used for transplanting are fully able to adapt to the environment of the plantation area, and the survival rate is greatly improved, thereby increasing the yield of ginkgo seedlings.

[0031] 2. The present invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield leaf-use ginkgo cultivation method. In the first year of transplantation, the environment and water and fertilizer conditions are strictly controlled. Since ginkgo is a fertilizer-loving and fertilizer-tolerant tree species, the present invention strictly follows the actual needs of ginkgo trees for water and fertilizer at different growth and development stages to carry out reasonable fertilization and scientific irrigation. At the same time, the new shoots are processed to prevent the treetops from growing too long, and all the nutrients are used in the trunk, thereby improving the growth efficiency of the leaves and providing for the growth of the leaves.

[0032] 3. The present invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing ginkgo cultivation method. In the crown shape regulation stage, the ginkgo seedlings on the slope are dwarfed, and the ginkgo seedlings below the slope are not treated. The light absorption efficiency of the seedlings with different slopes can be adjusted so that the seedlings on the slope will not block the sunlight of the seedlings below the slope, and the seedlings on the slope will not be too high to affect the picking of leaves by the staff. At the same time, the dwarfed seedlings can increase the number of leaves and have a positive effect on the growth and stress resistance of ginkgo. Through the dwarfing treatment, the growth of ginkgo is more stable and the stress resistance is enhanced, thereby achieving the purpose of high quality and high yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods. At the same time, all agents not specifically specified are conventional agents in the industry, and the dosage can be adjusted according to experience.

[0035] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Fertilize and prepare the soil to create a slope environment suitable for the growth of ginkgo seedlings;

[0037] Seed core preparation to grow strong seedlings with well-developed root systems;

[0038] Cultivation management, including:

[0039] (1) Transplant the strong seedlings grown from the seed core into the treated soil, plant them at a distance of 1-4 m between seedlings, then water them thoroughly and cover them with a layer of fine soil;

[0040] (2) Fertilize once every two months in the first year of transplanting, and when the new shoots grow to semi-lignified, top the vigorous branches and remove the front leaves (1-5 leaves as needed), and replenish water in time;

[0041] (3) Deeply till the soil 1-3 times a year and add fertilizer at the same time;

[0042] By regulating the crown shape, dwarf plants are obtained on the upper part of the slope, and normal plants are obtained on the lower part of the slope;

[0043] Harvesting.

[0044] In the present invention, the soil environment of the park is regulated by fertilizing and preparing the soil, so as to ensure that there are sufficient quantities and types of nutrients in the soil that can be used for the growth of seedlings, promote the growth of the root system, and expand the range of the root system to absorb water and nutrients; then, by cultivating the seed core, strong seedlings with uniform emergence, high emergence rate and high survival rate are cultivated. Compared with the sown seedlings, such seedlings are sturdy and upright, have high adaptability to the soil of the park, and have a higher survival rate; then, by regulating the water and fertilizer during the transplanting process and the first year after transplanting, the number of leaves is effectively increased and the tree shape is controlled, and the content of effective ingredients such as flavonoids in the leaves is increased; finally, by regulating the crown shape, it is beneficial to the growth of the root system and leaves, dwarfing the ginkgo tree, increasing the content of terpene lactones, etc., and accelerating the growth of the seedlings, so that the picking period can be entered in advance, so that the yield and quality of the leaf ginkgo are significantly improved.

[0045] In the above scheme, the type of fertilizer applied in the first year is mainly nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (the mass ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium is 1:1:1), and the fertilization standard is 15-50kg / mu. Topdressing can be applied according to actual production needs. The types of topdressing include but are not limited to urea fertilizer, farmyard manure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fertilizing and soil preparation comprises the following steps: preparing the soil, fertilizing and removing insects, and watering thoroughly;

[0047] The slope environment meets the following requirements: the slope is 20-40°, and purple soil, yellow soil, loam, sandy loam or sandy brown soil with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good irrigation and drainage conditions, pH of 5.5-7.5, and good drainage are selected as the garden site.

[0048] In the above scheme, choosing a suitable growth environment, adding fertilizer and killing insects to the growth environment can create good conditions for the growth of seedlings.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, when preparing the soil, planting ridges and nutrient trenches for ginkgo seedlings are dug;

[0050] The bottom of the planting ridge is filled with slag, topsoil and nutrient compost, and subsoil is piled on the surface; the nutrient ditch is filled with backfill soil and nutrient compost.

[0051] In the above scheme, the planting ridges are used for the planting of ginkgo seedlings in the later stage, so the ridges can be raised higher, preferably in the range of 30-50cm, and the bottom is filled with slag. The slag layer contains several holes, and the roots of the ginkgo seedlings can take root deep in the soil through the holes, making the root and stem growth of the ginkgo seedlings more stable and not easy to fall over. The unique water absorption function of the slag layer can not only fix the root system, but also provide water for the water-loving ginkgo root system. Nutrient compost can be conventional commercial fertilizers, or it can be farmyard manure or compost. Its purpose is only to provide sufficient nutrition for the roots deep in the soil, without limiting the type. Nutrient ditches are used to supplement conventional fertilizers. On the one hand, after the initial transplanting, the fertility in the entire park is sufficient. On the other hand, it can facilitate fertilization when the fertility is insufficient in the later stage, and it is also a channel for water replenishment.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seed core preparation comprises the following steps: selecting the seed core, sterilizing the seed core with a sterilizing solution, then rinsing it with clean water and then soaking it;

[0053] The soaked seeds are raised in a culture medium until the ginkgo seedlings are taller than 30 cm and the root length is longer than 5 cm. These seedlings can be used for hardening in a medium until the taproot is larger than 15 cm, and then they can be transplanted.

[0054] In the above scheme, the sterilization solution can be a potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 0.3-0.5%, and the sterilization time is 0.5-1.5 hours, and then the seeds are taken out and rinsed and soaked with clean water. Warm water can also be used for soaking to accelerate the germination rate at high temperature. Cultivating seedlings in culture medium can speed up the seedling raising speed, promote the growth and development of the seedling root system through timely fertilizer and water control, and avoid excessive differences in the growth of seedlings and waste of seedlings.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the culture medium seedling cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0056] The seedlings are grown in primary culture medium and rooting culture medium in turn, and then the intermediate seedlings grown in the rooting culture medium are transplanted into the substrate for cultivation and rooting.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the primary culture medium comprises: MS basal medium, BA solution and sucrose;

[0058] The rooting medium comprises: MS basic medium, NAA solution and activated carbon.

[0059] The matrix is ​​a mixture of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil from a planting garden.

[0060] In the above scheme, the primary culture medium can make the ginkgo seeds germinate and grow tender shoots and grow downwards. At the same time, the buds begin to grow and rush out of the surface of the culture medium. The nutrients of the culture medium can be supplemented according to the situation until the seedlings grow the remaining young roots and the leaves begin to stretch. Transplanted to the rooting medium, the light intensity is increased from the original 500-1000lx to 1000-5000lx to quickly grow and develop the root system. During the cultivation process in the culture medium, the environment must be kept moist and sufficient light must be ensured to promote seed germination and root growth. When the root system is long and numerous enough and the stems are strong enough, the ginkgo seedlings can be transplanted into a matrix containing soil. At this stage, natural light is used, combined with organic fertilizers in the matrix, which not only grows strong, but also has a long and tough root system. After transplanting, new roots grow quickly, with good quality and high survival rate. At the same time, adding soil from the park can allow the root system to adapt to the park environment in advance, which is conducive to root growth.

[0061] In the primary culture medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 50%, the concentration of BA solution is 1.0 mg / L, and the concentration of sucrose solution is 1-3%. In the rooting culture medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 75%, the concentration of NAA solution is 0.5-1.0 mg / L, and the content of activated carbon is 0.1-0.2wt%. In the matrix, the mass ratio of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil in the planting garden is (5-10): (2-4): (1-5): (20-50).

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the light intensity in the culture environment is gradually increased during the rooting process, the plants are watered thoroughly once a month, and foliar fertilizer is sprayed.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the cultivation management, fertilizers are applied in February, May and August and topdressing is performed in July and November every year after the first year, and weeding is carried out at the same time.

[0064] In the above plan, the fertilizer applied in February, May and August each year is compound fertilizer, 20-30kg per mu; the topdressing in July is quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and the topdressing in November is organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer, 2-5kg per mu.

[0065] In the present invention, the fertilization method includes conventional fertilization methods such as ring fertilization method, radial fertilization method, disc fertilization method, whole garden fertilization method, strip fertilization method, hole fertilization method, injection fertilization method, etc.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the deep plowing method is: the plowing depth is 40-60 cm, the original subsoil is placed on the surface after plowing, and the original topsoil is mixed with organic fertilizer and placed on the bottom layer after plowing.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the crown shape regulation includes the following steps: selecting the dormant period of the ginkgo tree to cut off its trunk; selecting the budding period of the ginkgo tree to spray plant growth regulators to obtain dwarf plants.

[0068] In the above scheme, cutting off the main trunk can remove apical dominance, promote the growth of lateral buds, and achieve the purpose of dwarfing treatment. Spraying plant growth regulators such as chlormequat and paclobutrazol during the budding period can also effectively control plant height and increase the number of leaves. Dwarfing treatment will increase the number of leaves. Through dwarfing treatment, the growth rate of the plant slows down and the plant becomes more compact, which helps to increase the number of leaves per unit area. Dwarfing treatment has a positive effect on plant growth and stress resistance. Through dwarfing treatment, the growth of plants is more stable and stress resistance is enhanced. In addition, dwarfing treatment can also promote the development of the root system, improve the water absorption capacity and photosynthesis efficiency of the plant, thereby achieving the purpose of high quality and high yield.

[0069] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, which are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the conditions are carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] This embodiment provides a high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing method for Ginkgo biloba, comprising the following steps:

[0072] (1) Select sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good drainage and irrigation conditions, pH of 5.5-7.5, and good drainage as the garden site, fertilize and prepare the soil to obtain a slope environment suitable for the growth of ginkgo seedlings;

[0073] When preparing the soil, planting ridges and nutrient ditches for the ginkgo seedlings are dug, with the bottom of the planting ridges filled with slag, topsoil and nutrient compost, and subsoil piled on the surface; the nutrient ditches are filled with backfill soil and nutrient compost.

[0074] (2) Select the seed cores, sterilize them with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then rinse them with clean water and soak them for 48 hours;

[0075] The soaked seeds are raised in a culture medium until the ginkgo seedlings are taller than 30 cm and the root length is longer than 5 cm. These seedlings can be used for hardening in a medium until the taproot is larger than 15 cm, and then they can be transplanted.

[0076] Among them, in the primary culture medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 50%, the concentration of BA solution is 1.0 mg / L, and the concentration of sucrose solution is 3%. In the rooting medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 75%, the concentration of NAA solution is 1.0 mg / L, and the content of activated carbon is 0.2wt%. In the matrix, the mass ratio of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil in the planting park is 10:4:4:50.

[0077] (3) Cultivation management, including:

[0078] (3.1) Transplant the strong seedlings grown from the seed core into the treated soil, plant them 1m apart, then water them thoroughly and cover them with a layer of fine soil;

[0079] (3.2) Fertilize once every two months in the first year of transplanting, top the growing branches and remove the three leaves at the front when the new shoots grow to semi-lignified, and add water in time;

[0080] (3.3) Deep plowing should be carried out three times a year, and fertilizer should be added at the same time. The method of deep plowing is as follows: the plowing depth is 50cm, the original subsoil is placed on the surface after plowing, and the original topsoil is mixed with organic fertilizer and placed on the bottom layer after plowing.

[0081] (4) Crown shape control: cut the trunk of the ginkgo tree during its dormant period; spray 500 mg / kg of chlormequat on the ginkgo tree during its budding period to obtain dwarf plants on the upper part of the slope and normal plants on the lower part of the slope.

[0082] Harvesting.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] This embodiment provides a high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing method for Ginkgo biloba, comprising the following steps:

[0085] (1) Select a sandy brown soil with a deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good drainage and irrigation conditions, a pH of 5.5-7.5, and good drainage as the garden site, fertilize and prepare the soil to obtain a slope environment suitable for the growth of ginkgo seedlings;

[0086] When preparing the soil, planting ridges and nutrient ditches for the ginkgo seedlings are dug, with the bottom of the planting ridges filled with slag, topsoil and nutrient compost, and subsoil piled on the surface; the nutrient ditches are filled with backfill soil and nutrient compost.

[0087] (2) Select the seed cores, sterilize them with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then rinse them with clean water and soak them for 48 hours;

[0088] The soaked seeds are raised in a culture medium until the ginkgo seedlings are taller than 30 cm and the root length is longer than 5 cm. These seedlings can be used for hardening in a medium until the taproot is larger than 15 cm, and then they can be transplanted.

[0089] Among them, in the primary culture medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 50%, the concentration of BA solution is 1.0 mg / L, and the concentration of sucrose solution is 1%. In the rooting medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 75%, the concentration of NAA solution is 0.8 mg / L, and the content of activated carbon is 0.2wt%. In the matrix, the mass ratio of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil in the planting park is 8:4:2:30.

[0090] (3) Cultivation management, including:

[0091] (3.1) Transplant the strong seedlings grown from the seed core into the treated soil, plant them 1.5m apart, then water them thoroughly and cover them with a layer of fine soil;

[0092] (3.2) Fertilize once every two months in the first year of transplanting, and when the new shoots grow to semi-lignified, top the vigorous branches and remove the two front leaves, and add water in time;

[0093] (3.3) Deep plowing should be carried out three times a year, and fertilizer should be added at the same time. The method of deep plowing is as follows: the plowing depth is 50cm, the original subsoil is placed on the surface after plowing, and the original topsoil is mixed with organic fertilizer and placed on the bottom layer after plowing.

[0094] (4) Crown shape control: cut the trunk of the ginkgo tree during its dormant period; spray 500 mg / kg of chlormequat on the ginkgo tree during its budding period to obtain dwarf plants on the upper part of the slope and normal plants on the lower part of the slope.

[0095] Harvesting.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] This embodiment provides a high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing method for Ginkgo biloba, comprising the following steps:

[0098] (1) Select purple soil with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good drainage and irrigation conditions, pH 5.5-7.5, and good drainage as the garden site, fertilize and prepare the soil to obtain a slope environment suitable for the growth of ginkgo seedlings;

[0099] When preparing the soil, planting ridges and nutrient ditches for the ginkgo seedlings are dug, with the bottom of the planting ridges filled with slag, topsoil and nutrient compost, and subsoil piled on the surface; the nutrient ditches are filled with backfill soil and nutrient compost.

[0100] (2) Select the seed cores, sterilize them with 0.4% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then rinse them with clean water and soak them for 36 hours;

[0101] The soaked seeds are raised in a culture medium until the ginkgo seedlings are taller than 30 cm and the root length is longer than 5 cm. These seedlings can be used for hardening in a medium until the taproot is larger than 15 cm, and then they can be transplanted.

[0102] Among them, in the primary culture medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 50%, the concentration of BA solution is 1.0 mg / L, and the concentration of sucrose solution is 2%. In the rooting medium, the concentration of MS basic culture medium is 75%, the concentration of NAA solution is 0.5 mg / L, and the content of activated carbon is 0.1wt%. In the matrix, the mass ratio of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil in the planting park is 5:4:1:20.

[0103] (3) Cultivation management, including:

[0104] (3.1) Transplant the strong seedlings grown from the seed core into the treated soil, plant them at a distance of 4m between seedlings, then water them thoroughly and cover them with a layer of fine soil;

[0105] (3.2) Fertilize once every two months in the first year of transplanting, top the growing branches and remove the three leaves at the front when the new shoots grow to semi-lignified, and add water in time;

[0106] (3.3) Deep plowing should be carried out three times a year, and fertilizer should be added at the same time. The method of deep plowing is as follows: the plowing depth is 40cm, the original subsoil is placed on the surface after plowing, and the original topsoil is mixed with organic fertilizer and placed on the bottom layer after plowing.

[0107] (4) Crown shape control: cut the trunk of the ginkgo tree during its dormant period; spray 500 mg / kg of chlormequat on the ginkgo tree during its budding period to obtain dwarf plants on the upper part of the slope and normal plants on the lower part of the slope.

[0108] Harvesting.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] Different from Example 1, the crown shape is not regulated in this comparative example.

[0111] Comparative Example 2

[0112] Different from Example 1, the soil in this comparative example was not deep-turned every year, and only fertilizer was added.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] Different from Example 1, in the first year of transplanting, fertilizer was applied every two months in this comparative example, and no topping or removal of front leaves was performed.

[0115] Test Example 1

[0116] The 4-year-old ginkgo trees cultivated by the cultivation methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were 60 in total. Leaves were picked at the end of September and the fresh leaves were dried in time after harvesting. The ginkgo trees of each embodiment and comparative example were tested, and the data results obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Table 1 Comparison of effective medicinal ingredient content and fresh leaf yield of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0118] Example Experimental area / mu Age / year Fresh yield kg / mu Terpene lactone content Example 1 1 4 6279 0.69 Example 2 1 4 6055 0.62 Example 3 1 4 5307 0.67 Comparative Example 1 1 4 5278 0.45 Comparative Example 2 1 4 5943 0.65 Comparative Example 3 1 4 5592 0.58

[0119] Among them, the tree age is calculated according to the transplanting time.

[0120] As can be seen from Table 1, the ginkgo leaves produced by the present invention are of good quality and high yield. The present invention achieves the conditions for planting high-quality ginkgo by controlling the soil, seedling raising, growth environment, crown shape and water and fertilizer during the growth of the tree, thereby increasing its yield. The planting density is reasonably controlled to achieve sufficient lighting effect, which can be beneficial for the ginkgo to breathe and photosynthesize well.

[0121] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo. It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: Fertilize and prepare the soil to create a slope environment suitable for the growth of ginkgo seedlings; Seed core preparation to grow strong seedlings with well-developed root systems; Cultivation management, including: (1) Transplant the strong seedlings grown from the seed core into the treated soil, plant them at a distance of 1-4 m between seedlings, then water them thoroughly and cover them with a layer of fine soil; (2) In the first year of transplanting, apply fertilizer every two months, top the growing branches and remove the front leaves when the new shoots grow to semi-lignified, and add water in time; (3) Deeply till the soil 1-3 times a year and add fertilizer at the same time; By regulating the crown shape, dwarf plants are obtained on the upper part of the slope, and normal plants are obtained on the lower part of the slope; Harvesting.

2. The high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing method of claim 1, It is characterized in that The fertilization and soil preparation comprises the following steps: soil preparation, fertilization and pest control, and watering; The slope environment meets the following requirements: the slope is 20-40°, and purple soil, yellow soil, loam, sandy loam or sandy brown soil with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good irrigation and drainage conditions, pH 5.5-7.5, and good drainage are selected as the garden site.

3. The high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing method of Ginkgo biloba according to claim 2, It is characterized in that When preparing the soil, dig planting ridges and nutrient trenches for the ginkgo seedlings; The bottom of the planting ridge is filled with slag, topsoil and nutrient compost, and subsoil is piled on the surface; the nutrient ditch is filled with backfill soil and nutrient compost.

4. The method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The seed core preparation comprises the following steps: selecting the seed core, sterilizing the seed core with a sterilizing solution, and then rinsing it with clean water and then soaking it; The soaked seeds are grown in a culture medium until the ginkgo seedlings are taller than 30 cm and the root length is longer than 5 cm.

5. The high-quality and high-yield leaf-growing method of claim 4, It is characterized in that The culture medium seedling cultivation comprises the following steps: The seedlings are grown in primary culture medium and rooting culture medium in turn, and then the intermediate seedlings grown in the rooting culture medium are transplanted into the substrate for cultivation and rooting.

6. The method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The primary culture medium comprises: MS basal culture medium, BA solution and sucrose; The rooting medium comprises: MS basic medium, NAA solution and activated carbon. The matrix is ​​a mixture of vermiculite, perlite, organic fertilizer and soil from a planting garden.

7. The method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo according to claim 5, It is characterized in that During the rooting process, gradually increase the light intensity in the culture environment, water thoroughly once a month, and spray foliar fertilizer.

8. The method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the above-mentioned cultivation management, fertilizers were applied in February, May and August and topdressing was performed in July and November every year after the first year, and weeding was carried out at the same time.

9. The method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The deep plowing method is as follows: the plowing depth is 40-60 cm, the original subsoil is placed on the plowed surface, and the original topsoil is mixed with organic fertilizer and placed on the plowed bottom layer.

10. The method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield leaf ginkgo according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The crown shape regulation comprises the following steps: selecting a dormant period for the ginkgo tree to cut off its trunk; selecting a budding period for the ginkgo tree to spray a plant growth regulator to obtain a dwarf plant.