Production process for special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings

Abstract

The invention relates to a production process for a special-shaped high-temperature alloy forge piece, which is used for producing the forge piece and comprises the following steps: blanking; chamfering is conducted; upsetting and punching; reaming and pre-rolling a mandrel supporter; preforming: preparing a tire mold which comprises a hollow cylinder, forming a first hole, a variable-diameter hole and a second hole in the hollow cylinder from the upper end to the lower end in sequence, inclining the first hole and the second hole outwards along the axis, enabling the inclination angle of the variable-diameter hole to be the same as that of the variable-diameter cylinder, and putting the blank into the second hole; a first punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank, so that the part, corresponding to the first hole, of the blank is expanded; second heating number: pressing a second punch into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the part of the blank corresponding to the variable-diameter hole and the first hole; a third punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank, the whole blank is expanded and tightly attached to the inner wall of the tire mold, and at the moment, the weight error of equal division in the height direction of the blank does not exceed + / -10%; flattening the end surface and shaping; and finish rolling. And the comprehensive mechanical property and grain size uniformity of the forge piece are good and can reach 5-6 levels of uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging forming, in particular to a production process for special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature alloys are materials based on iron, nickel, and cobalt, with aluminum and titanium added for reinforcement. They have good creep resistance and oxidation resistance under high temperature conditions, and maintain high strength and stability, so they are widely used.

[0003] High temperature alloy forgings include a first vertical cylinder, a reducing cylinder and a second vertical cylinder connected in sequence from the upper end to the lower end. The production process is usually blanking, horse frame expansion, and rolling forming. It is difficult to ensure the forging size by directly rolling the forgings into special shapes. The deviation between the big and small heads of the forgings is large. At the same time, the deformation uniformity of the forgings is not good, resulting in insufficient grain crushing. The grain size of the forgings is between 2 and 5 levels, the yield rate is low, and the production cost is high.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention disclose a production process for special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings to solve the problem of poor uniformity in direct ring rolling of forgings.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A production process for special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings is used to produce forgings, wherein the forgings include a first vertical cylinder, a reducing cylinder and a second vertical cylinder connected in sequence from the upper end to the lower end, and the production process includes the following steps: blanking; chamfering; upsetting and punching; rack expansion and pre-rolling to obtain a hollow cylindrical blank; preforming: preparing a fetal membrane, wherein the fetal membrane includes a hollow cylinder, wherein a first hole, a reducing hole and a second hole are sequentially opened in the hollow cylinder from the upper end to the lower end, wherein the first hole and the second hole are inclined outward along the axis, and the reducing hole The inclination angle is the same as that of the reducer, and the blank is placed in the second hole; one fire: the first punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to expand the portion of the blank corresponding to the first hole; two fires: the second punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to expand the portion of the blank corresponding to the reducer hole and the first hole; three fires: the third punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to expand the entire blank and fit tightly against the inner wall of the fetal membrane. At this time, the weight error of the blank divided equally in the height direction does not exceed ±10%; flat end face, shaping; final rolling: rolled into a forging.

[0008] The purpose of pre-rolling is to make the blank meet the requirements of fetal membrane forging, and at the same time, pre-rolling can make the blank tissue deform evenly. Based on the principle of constant volume, the size of the preformed forging can be deduced according to the final size of the forging. Since the bottom size of the second vertical cylinder part of the blank corresponding to the pre-rolling step remains unchanged, that is, the inner and outer diameters of the blank after pre-rolling are determined, the height of the blank after pre-rolling can be calculated, and the size of the blank after pre-rolling can be obtained. Then, pre-forming is performed according to the designed fetal membrane, and the deformation of each equal part in the height direction of the forging is controlled to achieve a state in which the first hole is deformed more, the variable diameter hole is deformed less, and the second hole is not deformed. The correspondence between the blank part and the forging part in the present invention refers to the correspondence of equal volume.

[0009] Its further technical solution is that the upsetting and punching steps include: heating before forging: heating to 990-1010°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130-1150°C and keeping warm for the second time, the cold material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm; upsetting, rounding, punching, the deformation is 25-35%, and the final forging temperature is ≥900°C; air cooling after forging.

[0010] Its further technical solution is that in the horse frame reaming, pre-rolling, pre-forming and final rolling steps, pre-forging heating is required: heating to 990-1010°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110-1130°C and keeping warm for the second time, the cold material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the rack hole expansion step includes: performing 2-3 fire rack hole expansion, each fire deformation is 20-25%, and the final forging temperature is ≥900° C. The billet is expanded by multiple fire rack holes to meet the requirements of the pre-rolled billet size.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the pre-rolling step includes: performing one round of ring rolling, and the deformation amount of the blank is 15-20%.

[0013] Its further technical solution is that the cross-sections of the first punch and the second punch are trapezoidal, and the side inclination angles are 7 to 13°; the side shape of the third punch matches the inner wall of the hollow cylinder; the angles between the first hole and the second hole in the hollow cylinder and the axis are 3 to 7°, and the angle between the reducing hole and the axis is 31°.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the final rolling step includes: performing one round of ring rolling, and the deformation of the forging is 20% to 25%.

[0015] The size after final rolling can be obtained by increasing the amount according to the final size of the forging. The size before final rolling can be calculated according to the deformation amount.

[0016] Its further technical scheme is that the step of final rolling also includes the following steps: solution treatment: charging the forging into a furnace, heating it to 1050-1070°C, keeping it warm for 125 minutes, and air cooling it out of the furnace. 125 minutes includes 65 minutes of heat penetration time plus 60 minutes of holding time. Aging: charging the forging into a furnace, heating it to 690-710°C, keeping it warm for 16 hours, and air cooling it out of the furnace. Solution treatment can change the crystal structure of the metal, making the grains fine and uniform, thereby improving the hardness and strength of the metal. Aging treatment can eliminate the internal stress of the forging and the deformation caused by it.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the weight percentage of the chemical elements in the forging is: C: 0.04% ~ 0.1%; CR: 18% ~ 21%; Al: 1% ~ 1.8%; Ti: 1.8% ~ 2.7%; Co≤2%; Fe≤1.5%; B≤0.008%; Mn≤0.4%; Si≤0.8%; P≤0.02%; S≤0.015%; Ag≤0.0005%; Bi≤0.0001%; ​​Cu≤0.2%; Pb≤0.002%; the balance is Ni.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (I) The production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention comprises the following steps: blanking; chamfering; upsetting punching; rack expansion, pre-rolling; pre-forming; final rolling. During pre-forming, the first vertical cylinder part, the first vertical cylinder and the reducer part, and the whole part are formed in sequence by three-stage forming. Multiple forming prevents the forgings from cracking and being scrapped due to temperature reduction and excessive deformation. At the same time, the deformation of the big head is more, the waist is less, and the small head is not deformed. The deformation of the three formings is reasonably distributed to ensure that the weight of the forgings in the height direction is basically the same, and to ensure that the forgings can be formed into special-shaped integral parts in the subsequent forming.

[0020] (ii) Furthermore, after the blank is bent in the fetal membrane, it is heated twice to 1120°C before forging and is formed by one-fire rolling using a special-shaped mold, which ensures that the deformation of each equal part in the height direction of the forging is similar, and the entire forging is fully and evenly deformed, thereby improving the comprehensive mechanical properties and grain size uniformity of the forging, which can reach a uniform level of 5 to 6.

[0021] (III) Furthermore, the initial forging temperature of the forging is relatively high at 1140°C to prevent the final forging temperature of the forging from being too low, which may cause cracking of the forging, and to ensure sufficient dynamic recrystallization during deformation of the forging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the special-shaped high-temperature alloy forging of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2The present invention is a flow chart of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a simulation diagram before a first fire forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a simulation diagram after one fire forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of equivalent effect variables after one fire forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a simulation diagram before the second forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a simulation diagram after the second forging in the preforming step of the production process of the special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of equivalent effect variables after two-time forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a simulation diagram before three-stage forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a simulation diagram after three-fire forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of equivalent effect variables after three-fire forging in the preforming step of the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.12 Grain maps of forgings produced for the first, second and third embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.13 This is the grain map of the forging produced in the comparative example of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 11. First vertical cylinder; 12. Variable diameter cylinder; 13. Second vertical cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the device proposed by the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings adopt a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structure, proportion, size, etc. illustrated by the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0039] First embodiment:

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings is used to produce forgings, and the forgings include a first vertical cylinder 11, a reducing cylinder 12, and a second vertical cylinder 13 connected in sequence from the upper end to the lower end. The first vertical cylinder 11, the reducing cylinder 12, and the second vertical cylinder 13 have the same wall thickness, and the inner diameter and outer diameter of the first vertical cylinder 11 are both larger than the inner diameter and outer diameter of the second vertical cylinder 13.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S1, unloading.

[0043] Specifically, high-temperature alloy rods are used for cutting, and the weight percentage of each chemical element is: C: 0.04%~0.1%; CR: 18%~21%; Al: 1%~1.8%; Ti: 1.8%~2.7%; Co≤2%; Fe≤1.5%; B≤0.008%; Mn≤0.4%; Si≤0.8%; P≤0.02%; S≤0.015%; Ag≤0.0005%; Bi≤0.0001%; ​​Cu≤0.2%; Pb≤0.002%; the balance is Ni.

[0044] Step S2, chamfering.

[0045] Specifically, both ends of the bar are chamfered.

[0046] Step S3, upsetting and punching.

[0047] Specifically, the upsetting and punching steps include:

[0048] Step S31, heating before forging: heating to 1000°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1140°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0049] Step S32, upsetting, rounding, punching, deformation amount is 30%, and final forging temperature is ≥900°C.

[0050] Step S33, air cooling after forging.

[0051] Step S4, expanding the hole of the frame to obtain a hollow cylindrical blank.

[0052] Specifically, the steps of horse frame hole expansion include:

[0053] Step S41, heating before forging: heating to 1000°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1120°C and keeping warm for the second time, the material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm.

[0054] Step S42, perform two rounds of horse frame expansion, each round of deformation is 22.5%, and the final forging temperature is ≥900°C.

[0055] Step S5, pre-rolling.

[0056] Specifically, the pre-rolling step includes:

[0057] Step S51, heating before forging: heating to 1000°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1120°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0058] Step S52, performing one round of ring rolling, the deformation amount of the blank is 17.5%.

[0059] Step S6, preforming, comprises:

[0060] Step S61, prepare the fetal membrane, which includes a hollow cylinder, in which a first hole, a reducing hole and a second hole are sequentially opened from the upper end to the lower end. The first hole and the second hole are inclined outward along the axis, and the inclination angle of the reducing hole is the same as the inclination angle of the reducing tube 12. The blank is placed in the second hole.

[0061] Specifically, the angle between the first hole and the second hole in the hollow cylinder and the axis is 5°, and the angle between the variable diameter hole and the axis is 31°.

[0062] Step S62, first firing: the first punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the portion of the blank corresponding to the first hole.

[0063] like Figure 3 to Figure 5As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 1000℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1120℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The cross section of the first punch is trapezoidal, and the side inclination angle is 10°. The first punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane, and the hot material is returned to the furnace.

[0064] Step S63, second firing: the second punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the portion of the blank corresponding to the diameter-scaling hole and the first hole.

[0065] like Figure 6 to Figure 8 As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 1000℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1120℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The cross section of the second punch is trapezoidal, and the side inclination angle is 10°. The second punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane, and the hot material is returned to the furnace.

[0066] Step S64, third firing: the third punch presses into the upper end of the blank to expand the blank as a whole and make it close to the inner wall of the fetal membrane. At this time, the weight error of the blank divided equally in the height direction does not exceed ±10%.

[0067] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 1000℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1120℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the cold material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm. The side shape of the third punch matches the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and the third punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the fetal membrane for spinning.

[0068] Step S65, flattening the end surface and shaping.

[0069] Step S7, final rolling: rolling into forgings.

[0070] Specifically, the final rolling step includes:

[0071] Step S71, heating before forging: heating to 1000°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1120°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0072] Step S72, performing one-time ring rolling to form a forging, wherein the deformation amount of the forging is 20% to 25%.

[0073] Step S8, solid solution.

[0074] Specifically, the forgings were loaded into a furnace, heated to 1060°C, kept at that temperature for 125 minutes, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0075] Step S9, time limit.

[0076] Specifically, the forgings are loaded into a furnace, heated to 700°C, kept at this temperature for 16 hours, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0077] Second embodiment:

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings is used to produce forgings, and the forgings include a first vertical cylinder 11, a reducing cylinder 12, and a second vertical cylinder 13 connected in sequence from the upper end to the lower end. The first vertical cylinder 11, the reducing cylinder 12, and the second vertical cylinder 13 have the same wall thickness, and the inner diameter and outer diameter of the first vertical cylinder 11 are both larger than the inner diameter and outer diameter of the second vertical cylinder 13.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings includes the following steps:

[0080] Step S1, unloading.

[0081] Specifically, high-temperature alloy rods are used for cutting, and the weight percentage of each chemical element is: C: 0.04%~0.1%; CR: 18%~21%; Al: 1%~1.8%; Ti: 1.8%~2.7%; Co≤2%; Fe≤1.5%; B≤0.008%; Mn≤0.4%; Si≤0.8%; P≤0.02%; S≤0.015%; Ag≤0.0005%; Bi≤0.0001%; ​​Cu≤0.2%; Pb≤0.002%; the balance is Ni.

[0082] Step S2, chamfering.

[0083] Specifically, both ends of the bar are chamfered.

[0084] Step S3, upsetting and punching.

[0085] Specifically, the upsetting and punching steps include:

[0086] Step S31, heating before forging: heating to 990°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0087] Step S32, upsetting, rounding, punching, deformation amount is 25%, and final forging temperature is ≥900°C.

[0088] Step S33, air cooling after forging.

[0089] Step S4, expanding the hole of the frame to obtain a hollow cylindrical blank.

[0090] Specifically, the steps of horse frame hole expansion include:

[0091] Step S41, heating before forging: heating to 990°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110°C and keeping warm for the second time, the material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm.

[0092] Step S42, perform three fires of horse frame expansion, each fire has a deformation amount of 20%, and the final forging temperature is ≥900°C.

[0093] Step S5, pre-rolling.

[0094] Specifically, the pre-rolling step includes:

[0095] Step S51, heating before forging: heating to 990°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0096] Step S52, performing 1 round of ring rolling, the deformation amount of the blank is 15.3%.

[0097] Step S6, preforming, comprises:

[0098] Step S61, prepare the fetal membrane, which includes a hollow cylinder, in which a first hole, a reducing hole and a second hole are sequentially opened from the upper end to the lower end. The first hole and the second hole are inclined outward along the axis, and the inclination angle of the reducing hole is the same as the inclination angle of the reducing tube 12. The blank is placed in the second hole.

[0099] Specifically, the angle between the first hole and the second hole in the hollow cylinder and the axis is 3°, and the angle between the variable diameter hole and the axis is 31°.

[0100] Step S62, first firing: the first punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the portion of the blank corresponding to the first hole.

[0101] like Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 990℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The cross section of the first punch is trapezoidal, and the side inclination angle is 7°. The first punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane, and the hot material is returned to the furnace.

[0102] Step S63, second firing: the second punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the portion of the blank corresponding to the diameter-scaling hole and the first hole.

[0103] like Figure 6 to Figure 8As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 990℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The cross section of the second punch is trapezoidal, and the side inclination angle is 13°. The second punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane, and the hot material is returned to the furnace.

[0104] Step S64, third firing: the third punch presses into the upper end of the blank to expand the blank as a whole and make it close to the inner wall of the fetal membrane. At this time, the weight error of the blank divided equally in the height direction does not exceed ±10%.

[0105] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 990℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the cold material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm. The side shape of the third punch matches the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and the third punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane for spinning.

[0106] Step S65, flattening the end surface and shaping.

[0107] Step S7, final rolling: rolling into forgings.

[0108] Specifically, the final rolling step includes:

[0109] Step S71, heating before forging: heating to 990°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0110] Step S72, performing one-time ring rolling to form a forging, wherein the deformation amount of the forging is 20% to 25%.

[0111] Step S8, solid solution.

[0112] Specifically, the forgings are loaded into a furnace, heated to 1050°C, kept at this temperature for 125 minutes, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0113] Step S9, time limit.

[0114] Specifically, the forgings are loaded into a furnace, heated to 690°C, kept at this temperature for 16 hours, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0115] Third embodiment:

[0116] like Figure 1 As shown, the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings is used to produce forgings, and the forgings include a first vertical cylinder 11, a reducing cylinder 12, and a second vertical cylinder 13 connected in sequence from the upper end to the lower end. The first vertical cylinder 11, the reducing cylinder 12, and the second vertical cylinder 13 have the same wall thickness, and the inner diameter and outer diameter of the first vertical cylinder 11 are both larger than the inner diameter and outer diameter of the second vertical cylinder 13.

[0117] like Figure 2 As shown, the production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings includes the following steps:

[0118] Step S1, unloading.

[0119] Specifically, high-temperature alloy rods are used for cutting, and the weight percentage of each chemical element is: C: 0.04%~0.1%; CR: 18%~21%; Al: 1%~1.8%; Ti: 1.8%~2.7%; Co≤2%; Fe≤1.5%; B≤0.008%; Mn≤0.4%; Si≤0.8%; P≤0.02%; S≤0.015%; Ag≤0.0005%; Bi≤0.0001%; ​​Cu≤0.2%; Pb≤0.002%; the balance is Ni.

[0120] Step S2, chamfering.

[0121] Specifically, both ends of the bar are chamfered.

[0122] Step S3, upsetting and punching.

[0123] Specifically, the upsetting and punching steps include:

[0124] Step S31, heating before forging: heating to 1010°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1150°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0125] Step S32, upsetting, rounding, punching, deformation amount is 35%, and final forging temperature is ≥900°C.

[0126] Step S33, air cooling after forging.

[0127] Step S4, expanding the hole of the frame to obtain a hollow cylindrical blank.

[0128] Specifically, the steps of horse frame hole expansion include:

[0129] Step S41, heating before forging: heating to 1010°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130°C and keeping warm for the second time, the material insulation coefficient is 0.8min / mm, and the hot material insulation coefficient is 0.4min / mm.

[0130] Step S42, perform three fires of horse frame expansion, each fire has a deformation amount of 25%, and the final forging temperature is ≥900°C.

[0131] Step S5, pre-rolling.

[0132] Specifically, the pre-rolling step includes:

[0133] Step S51, heating before forging: heating to 1010°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0134] Step S52, performing one round of ring rolling, with the blank deformation amount being 20%.

[0135] Step S6, preforming, comprises:

[0136] Step S61, prepare the fetal membrane, which includes a hollow cylinder, in which a first hole, a reducing hole and a second hole are sequentially opened from the upper end to the lower end. The first hole and the second hole are inclined outward along the axis, and the inclination angle of the reducing hole is the same as the inclination angle of the reducing tube 12. The blank is placed in the second hole.

[0137] Specifically, the angle between the first hole and the second hole in the hollow cylinder and the axis is 7°, and the angle between the variable diameter hole and the axis is 31°.

[0138] Step S62, first firing: the first punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the portion of the blank corresponding to the first hole.

[0139] like Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 1010℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The cross section of the first punch is trapezoidal, and the side inclination angle is 13°. The first punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane, and the hot material is returned to the furnace.

[0140] Step S63, second firing: the second punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to enlarge the portion of the blank corresponding to the diameter-scaling hole and the first hole.

[0141] like Figure 6 to Figure 8 As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 1010℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The cross section of the second punch is trapezoidal, and the side inclination angle is 7°. The second punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the tire membrane, and the hot material is returned to the furnace.

[0142] Step S64, third firing: the third punch presses into the upper end of the blank to expand the blank as a whole and make it close to the inner wall of the fetal membrane. At this time, the weight error of the blank divided equally in the height direction does not exceed ±10%.

[0143] like Figures 9 to 11As shown, specifically, heating before forging: heating to 1010℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm. The side shape of the third punch matches the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and the third punch presses into the blank to the height of the upper end surface of the fetal membrane for spinning forming.

[0144] Step S65, flattening the end surface and shaping.

[0145] Step S7, final rolling: rolling into forgings.

[0146] Specifically, the final rolling step includes:

[0147] Step S71, heating before forging: heating to 1010°C and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1130°C and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

[0148] Step S72, performing one-time ring rolling to form a forging, wherein the deformation amount of the forging is 20% to 25%.

[0149] Step S8, solid solution.

[0150] Specifically, the forgings were loaded into a furnace, heated to 1070°C, kept at that temperature for 125 minutes, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0151] Step S9, time limit.

[0152] Specifically, the forgings are loaded into a furnace, heated to 710°C, kept at this temperature for 16 hours, and then taken out of the furnace and air-cooled.

[0153] Comparative Example

[0154] Except for the preforming step S6, the rest is the same as the first embodiment.

[0155] The grain sizes of the forgings produced in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment and the comparative example were tested.

[0156] like Fig.12 As shown, the grain diagrams of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment are all level 6, and the forgings are fully deformed.

[0157] like Fig.13 As shown, the grain map of the comparative example shows levels 2 to 5, the grain size is uneven, and the forging is not fully deformed, resulting in poor performance.

[0158] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0159] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. Production process of special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings, Features: Used to produce forgings, the forgings include a first vertical cylinder, a reducing cylinder and a second vertical cylinder connected in sequence from the upper end to the lower end, the production process The following steps are involved: Cutting materials; Chamfering; Upsetting and punching; The frame is expanded and pre-rolled to obtain a hollow cylindrical billet; Preform: Prepare a fetal membrane, the fetal membrane includes a hollow cylinder, a first hole, a diameter-changing hole and a second hole are sequentially provided in the hollow cylinder from the upper end to the lower end, the first hole and the second hole are inclined outward along the axis, the inclination angle of the diameter-changing hole is the same as the inclination angle of the diameter-changing cylinder, and the blank is placed in the second hole; First fire: The first punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to expand the part of the blank corresponding to the first hole; Second fire: the second punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to expand the portion of the blank corresponding to the calibrating hole and the first hole; Third fire: the third punch is pressed into the upper end of the blank to expand the entire blank and to fit tightly against the inner wall of the fetal membrane. At this time, the weight error of the blank divided equally in the height direction does not exceed ±10%; Flat end surface, shaping; Final rolling: rolled into forgings.

2. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The upsetting and punching step comprises: Heating before forging: heating to 990-1010℃ and keeping warm, heating to 1130-1150℃ and keeping warm, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm; Upsetting, rounding, punching, deformation is 25-35%, final forging temperature ≥900℃; Air cooling after forging.

3. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 2, It is characterized in that In the steps of horse frame hole expansion, pre-rolling, pre-forming and final rolling, heating before forging is required: Heating to 990-1010℃ and keeping warm for the first time, heating to 1110-1130℃ and keeping warm for the second time, the insulation coefficient of cold material is 0.8min / mm, and the insulation coefficient of hot material is 0.4min / mm.

4. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The horse frame hole enlarging step comprises: Carry out 2 to 3 fires of rack expansion, with a deformation of 20 to 25% in each fire and a final forging temperature ≥ 900℃.

5. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 4, Features: The pre-rolling step comprises: The ring is rolled once, and the deformation of the blank is 15-20%.

6. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 1, Features: The cross-sections of the first punch and the second punch are trapezoidal, and the side inclination angles are 7 to 13°; the side shape of the third punch matches the inner wall of the hollow cylinder; the angles between the first hole and the second hole in the hollow cylinder and the axis are 3 to 7°, and the angle between the reducing hole and the axis is 31°.

7. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 5, Features: The final rolling step includes: The ring is rolled once, and the deformation of the forging is 20% to 25%.

8. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 1, Features: The step of final rolling also includes the following steps: Solution treatment: put the forging into the furnace, heat it to 1050-1070℃, keep it warm for 125min, and then take it out of the furnace and air cool it; Aging: Load the forgings into the furnace, heat to 690-710℃, keep warm for 16h, and then air cool them out of the furnace.

9. The process for producing special-shaped high-temperature alloy forgings according to claim 1, Features: The weight percentage of the chemical elements in the forging is: C: 0.04% to 0.1%; CR: 18% to 21%; Al: 1% to 1.8%; Ti: 1.8% to 2.7%; Co≤2%; Fe≤1.5%; B≤0.008%; Mn≤0.4%; Si≤0.8%; P≤0.02%; S≤0.015％； Ag≤0.0005%; Bi≤0.0001%; ​​Cu≤0.2%; Pb≤0.002%; the balance is Ni.

Images