Expressway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of expressway guardrails, and discloses a composite fiber reinforced resin material for an expressway guardrail. The material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of resin, 10-30 parts of carbon fibers, 10-30 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and 0.5-1.5 parts of a release agent. The carbon fibers are arranged on the outer side and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are arranged on the inner side, namely, the carbon fibers wrap the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and the threading numbers of the two fibers are symmetrically distributed, so that the bonding force between the composite fibers and a resin interface is stronger due to the structural design. The composite material disclosed by the invention is light in weight, relatively good in aging resistance, good in toughness, high in strength, high in modulus, not easy to deform, relatively strong in impact resistance, and relatively good in buffering effect on vehicle body impact, and greatly reduces harm to a human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fiber reinforced composite material applications, and in particular to a highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material. Background Art

[0002] Traditional highway guardrails are mainly composed of Q235 carbon steel. Although the price is cheap, the deformation relaxation time is short, the buffering capacity is poor, and the impact damage to vehicles and passengers is large; steel guardrails are bulky, inconvenient to transport and install; they are not resistant to aging, easy to rust, have a short service life, and have high maintenance and maintenance costs. Traditional fiber (such as glass fiber) reinforced resin composites are light in weight, have high mechanical properties and aging resistance, but glass fiber is harmful to the human body and has limited reinforcement effect. Since the advent of carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, their application in high-performance composite materials has attracted much attention. Compared with traditional reinforcing fibers, carbon fiber has excellent characteristics such as high strength, high modulus, and strong interfacial bonding, but poor toughness and low impact strength; and the biggest feature of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is light weight, high specific tensile strength and specific tensile modulus, good toughness, and impact resistance, but weak interfacial bonding with commonly used resins and poor creep resistance. Therefore, mixing these two fibers can maintain the advantages of each component material, complement each other's advantages, and obtain excellent comprehensive performance, so that the performance of the composite material can be optimized.

[0003] The mixing method will affect the change of mechanical properties of composite materials. The surface of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is non-polar and chemically inert. If the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is directly in contact with the resin (such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, etc.) during the process of fiber and resin compounding, such as the random mixing of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and carbon fiber interlayer, or the mixing method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber on the outside and carbon fiber on the inside, the interfacial bonding force between the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and the resin will be very weak, which will lead to the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the composite material and fail to achieve the effect of traditional fiber (such as glass fiber) reinforcing the resin. If the surface modification of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is used to improve the interfacial bonding force between the fiber and the resin, the process is complicated and the cost is increased. Therefore, it is very necessary to solve the problem of poor bonding between ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and resin without increasing the cost, so as to improve the mechanical properties of the composite material. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art. To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material.

[0005] The composite fiber reinforced resin composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] 30-70 parts of resin, 10-30 parts of carbon fiber, 10-30 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, 0.5-1.5 parts of release agent;

[0007] The preparation method of the composite material is as follows: the two fibers are threaded in a mixed manner of carbon fiber coated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to obtain composite fibers, wherein the carbon fibers are in the outer layer, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are in the inner layer, and the two fibers are symmetrically distributed in the composite fibers; the resin and the release agent are used to prepare a resin sizing agent, the composite fibers are dipped in the resin sizing agent, and then pultrusion is performed to obtain the composite fiber reinforced resin composite material.

[0008] Furthermore, the carbon fiber model is T300, T400, T700 or T800; the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber model is 200D, 400D, 800D or 1600D.

[0009] Furthermore, the carbon fiber model is T300, the linear density is 3.14g / m, and the bulk density is 1.78g / cm 3 , tensile strength 4426MPa, tensile modulus 232GPa, elongation 1.91%.

[0010] More preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has a model of 1600D, a linear density of 0.178 g / m, a breaking strength of 3 GPa, a tensile modulus of 116 GPa, and a breaking elongation of 3.80%.

[0011] Furthermore, the composite fibers are mixed in a sandwich manner, that is, carbon fibers are coated with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.

[0012] Furthermore, the resin is one or more of thermosetting epoxy resin, thermosetting polyurethane resin or unsaturated polyester resin.

[0013] Furthermore, the resin compound also includes a curing agent.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for highway guardrail, which comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) Yarn loading and yarn threading: The carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarns are placed on a yarn frame, and then the two fibers are threaded according to the designed mixing method of the carbon fiber coated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber;

[0016] (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the mold is divided into three zones, and the temperatures of zone 1, zone 2, and zone 3 are set to 80-100°C, 100-120°C, and 120-140°C, respectively;

[0017] (3) Glue preparation: resin and release agent are put into the glue barrel according to the set weight ratio and mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank;

[0018] (4) Dipping in glue: placing the arranged composite fiber warp yarn sheet into a glue tank for dipping in glue;

[0019] (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated materials into the mold in sequence, and cure them at a temperature of 80-140°C;

[0020] (6) Pulling and cutting: Set the pulling rate to 0.1-1.0 m / min, and pull the cured composite material sheet out of the film.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The present invention adopts a hybrid method in which carbon fiber is on the outside and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is on the inside, that is, carbon fiber is coated with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the hybrid method is symmetrically distributed to obtain composite fiber, and the highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material is prepared based on the composite fiber. The hybrid method of the present invention can not only improve the adhesion between the composite fiber and the resin, and improve the mechanical properties of the overall guardrail, but also save materials and make the guardrail as a whole more dispersed when subjected to external forces and absorb impact energy. The present invention can overcome the problem of poor interface adhesion between ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and resin in a simple manner without adding any other surface modifiers.

[0023] (2) Since the composite material of the present invention contains carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the highway guardrail of the present invention has high tensile strength, bending strength and impact toughness, is not easily deformed when a vehicle collides with it, and can greatly reduce the damage to the human body caused by vehicle collision.

[0024] (3) Compared with other mixing methods such as pure ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, random mixing of carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber coated with carbon fiber, the composite fiber provided by the present invention adopts a sandwich mixing method of carbon fiber coated with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, which significantly increases the interface bonding strength between the composite fiber and the resin and improves the mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0025] (4) The composite material provided by the present invention contains carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Compared with steel guardrails, the composite material has light texture, good creep resistance, aging resistance, and a longer service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the design of the carbon fiber wrapped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber structure;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the prepared composite material plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The embodiments are merely exemplary of the present disclosure and do not define the scope of limitation. The technical features of each embodiment of the present invention may be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0029] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A new type of high-speed guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material includes the following components by weight: 70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber of model 1600D and carbon fiber of model T300, with a weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to carbon fiber of 1:3; 30 parts of epoxy resin of model EH7336, curing agent EH7336 is a light yellow transparent liquid of modified acid anhydride, and a release agent of model INT-890M is a mixed solution containing synthetic resin, glyceride and organic acid derivative and organic phosphate copolymer. The weight ratio of epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent is 100:105:2.

[0032] A method for preparing a novel high-speed guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Yarn loading and yarn threading: The carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarns are placed on a yarn frame according to a designed weight ratio, and then the two fibers are threaded according to a designed mixing method of carbon fiber coated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; wherein, in the mixing method adopted in Example 1, the carbon fiber is in the outer layer, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is in the inner layer, and the two fibers are symmetrically distributed, and the obtained composite fiber is a carbon fiber wrapped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber structure, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0034] (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the temperatures of the three zones of the mold were set to 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C, respectively;

[0035] (3) Glue preparation: epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent are put into the glue barrel according to the weight ratio of 100:105:2, mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank according to a certain amount;

[0036] (4) Dipping in glue: putting the above-mentioned two fiber warp yarn boards that have been arranged into a glue tank for dipping in glue;

[0037] (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated material into the preforming mold and the forming mold in turn, and cure and shape at a temperature of 140°C;

[0038] (6) Pulling and cutting: The pulling rate is set to 0.25 m / min, the cured composite material sheet is pulled out of the film, and cut into certain sizes. Figure 2 The composite material plate obtained in Example 1 is shown

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A new type of high-speed guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material includes the following components by weight: 70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber of model 1600D and carbon fiber of model T300, with a weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to carbon fiber of 1:3; 30 parts of unsaturated vinyl polyester resin, a curing agent of dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO), and a release agent of a mixed solution containing a synthetic resin, a glyceride, an organic acid derivative, and an organic phosphate copolymer. The weight ratio of the unsaturated vinyl polyester resin, the curing agent, and the release agent is 100:2:2.

[0041] A method for preparing a novel high-speed guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material comprises the following steps:

[0042] (1) Yarn loading and yarn threading: The carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarns are placed on a yarn frame according to a designed weight ratio, and then the two fibers are threaded according to a designed mixing method of carbon fiber coated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; wherein, in the mixing method adopted in Example 2, the carbon fiber is in the outer layer, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is in the inner layer, and the two fibers are symmetrically distributed, and the obtained composite fiber is a carbon fiber wrapped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber structure, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0043] (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the temperatures of the three zones of the mold were set to 90°C, 100°C, and 120°C, respectively;

[0044] (3) Glue preparation: unsaturated vinyl polyester resin, curing agent and release agent are put into a glue barrel in a weight ratio of 100:2:2, mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank in a certain amount;

[0045] (4) Dipping in glue: putting the above-mentioned two fiber warp yarn boards that have been arranged into a glue tank for dipping in glue;

[0046] (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated material into the preforming mold and the forming mold in turn, and cure and shape at a temperature of 120°C;

[0047] (6) Pulling and cutting: The pulling rate is set to 0.25 m / min, the cured composite material sheet is pulled out of the film, and cut into certain sizes.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] A composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for a high-speed guardrail includes the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber of model 1600D and carbon fiber of model T300, with a weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to carbon fiber of 1:3; 30 parts of epoxy resin of model EH7336, curing agent EH7336 is a light yellow transparent liquid of modified acid anhydride, and a release agent of model INT-890M is a mixed solution containing synthetic resin, glyceride, organic acid derivative and organic phosphate copolymer. The weight ratio of epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent is 100:105:2.

[0050] A method for preparing a composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for a high-speed guardrail comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) Yarn loading and threading: The carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarns are placed on a yarn rack according to a designed weight ratio, and then the two fibers are threaded according to a designed random mixing pattern between the carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layers;

[0052] (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the temperatures of the three zones of the mold were set to 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C, respectively;

[0053] (3) Glue preparation: epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent are put into the glue barrel according to the weight ratio of 100:105:2, mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank according to a certain amount;

[0054] (4) Dipping in glue: putting the above-mentioned two fiber warp yarn boards that have been arranged into a glue tank for dipping in glue;

[0055] (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated material into the preforming mold and the forming mold in turn, and cure and shape at a temperature of 140°C;

[0056] (6) Pulling and cutting: The pulling rate is set to 0.25 m / min, the cured composite material sheet is pulled out of the film, and cut into certain sizes.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] A composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for a high-speed guardrail includes the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber of model 1600D and carbon fiber of model T300, with a weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to carbon fiber of 1:3; 30 parts of epoxy resin of model EH7336, curing agent EH7336 is a light yellow transparent liquid of modified acid anhydride, and a release agent of model INT-890M is a mixed solution containing synthetic resin, glyceride, organic acid derivative and organic phosphate copolymer. The weight ratio of epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent is 100:105:2.

[0059] A method for preparing a composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for a high-speed guardrail comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) Yarn loading and yarn threading: The carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarns are placed on a yarn rack according to a designed weight ratio, and then the two fibers are threaded according to a designed hybrid method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber coating the carbon fiber;

[0061] (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the temperatures of the three zones of the mold were set to 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C, respectively;

[0062] (3) Glue preparation: epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent are put into the glue barrel according to the weight ratio of 100:105:2, mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank according to a certain amount;

[0063] (4) Dipping in glue: putting the above-mentioned two fiber warp yarn boards that have been arranged into a glue tank for dipping in glue;

[0064] (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated material into the preforming mold and the forming mold in turn, and cure and shape at a temperature of 140°C;

[0065] (6) Pulling and cutting: The pulling rate is set to 0.25 m / min, the cured composite material sheet is pulled out of the film, and cut into certain sizes.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber reinforced resin composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber of model 1600D, 30 parts of epoxy resin of model EH7336, curing agent EH7336 is a light yellow transparent liquid of modified acid anhydride, and a release agent of model INT-890M is a mixed solution containing synthetic resin, glyceride, organic acid derivative and organic phosphate copolymer. The weight ratio of epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent is 100:105:2.

[0068] The method for preparing an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber reinforced resin composite material comprises the following steps:

[0069] (1) Yarn loading and yarn threading: placing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarn on the yarn rack according to the designed quantity, and then threading the fiber;

[0070] (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the temperatures of the three zones of the mold were set to 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C, respectively;

[0071] (3) Glue preparation: epoxy resin, curing agent and release agent are put into the glue barrel according to the weight ratio of 100:105:2, mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank according to a certain amount;

[0072] (4) Dipping in glue: putting the above-mentioned two fiber warp yarn boards that have been arranged into a glue tank for dipping in glue;

[0073] (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated material into the preforming mold and the forming mold in turn, and cure and shape at a temperature of 140°C;

[0074] (6) Pulling and cutting: The pulling rate is set to 0.25 m / min, the cured composite material sheet is pulled out of the film, and cut into certain sizes.

[0075] Tensile performance and bending performance test

[0076] The tensile properties and bending properties of the new highway guardrail composite material prepared according to the components in parts by weight of each embodiment and comparative example were tested. The tensile property test was based on ASTM D3039, and the bending property test was based on GB / T 1449-2005. The results are as follows:

[0077] Table 1 Test results of tensile and bending properties of highway guardrail composite materials

[0078]

[0079] From the comparison results of the embodiments and the comparative examples, it can be seen that the use of the carbon fiber of the present invention on the outside and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber on the inside, that is, the carbon fiber coated with the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and symmetrically distributed mixed mode can improve the adhesion between the composite fiber and the resin, improve the mechanical properties of the overall guardrail, and also save materials and make the guardrail as a whole more dispersed when subjected to external forces and absorb impact energy.

[0080] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for highway guardrail, It is characterized in that The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of resin, 10-30 parts of carbon fiber, 10-30 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, 0.5-1.5 parts of release agent; The preparation method of the composite material is as follows: the two fibers are threaded in a mixed manner of carbon fiber coated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber to obtain composite fibers, wherein the carbon fibers are in the outer layer, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are in the inner layer, and the two fibers are symmetrically distributed in the composite fibers; the resin and the release agent are used to prepare a resin sizing agent, the composite fibers are dipped in the resin sizing agent, and then pultrusion is performed to obtain the composite fiber reinforced resin composite material.

2. The highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 1, Features: The carbon fiber model is T300, T400, T700 or T800; the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber model is 200D, 400D, 800D or 1600D.

3. The highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 2, Features: The carbon fiber model is T300, with a linear density of 3.14 g / m and a bulk density of 1.78 g / cm 3 , tensile strength 4426MPa, tensile modulus 232GPa, elongation 1.91%.

4. The highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 2, Features: The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has a model of 1600D, a linear density of 0.178 g / m, a breaking strength of 3 GPa, a tensile modulus of 116 GPa, and a breaking elongation of 3.80%.

5. The highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 1, Features: The composite fibers are mixed in a sandwich mixing manner, that is, carbon fibers are coated with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers.

6. The highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the resin is one or more of thermosetting epoxy resin, thermosetting polyurethane resin or unsaturated polyester resin.

7. The highway guardrail composite fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the resin compound also includes a curing agent.

8. A method for preparing the composite fiber reinforced resin composite material for highway guardrail according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The steps include: (1) Yarn loading and yarn threading: The carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber bobbin yarns are placed on a yarn frame, and then the two fibers are threaded according to the designed mixing method of the carbon fiber coated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; (2) Mold heating: Based on the melting temperature of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, the mold is divided into three zones, and the temperatures of zone 1, zone 2, and zone 3 are set to 80-100°C, 100-120°C, and 120-140°C, respectively; (3) Glue preparation: resin and release agent are put into the glue barrel according to the set weight ratio and mixed and stirred to make the glue materials evenly mixed, and then poured into the glue tank; (4) Dipping in glue: placing the arranged composite fiber warp yarn sheet into a glue tank for dipping in glue; (5) Start-up and curing: Start the pultruder, feed the impregnated materials into the mold in sequence, and cure them at a temperature of 80-140°C; (6) Pulling and cutting: Set the pulling rate to 0.1-1.0 m / min, and pull the cured composite material sheet out of the film.

Images