High-strength Cube-texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles and preparation method and application of high-strength Cube-texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material

Abstract

The invention provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for a vehicle as well as a preparation method and application of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material. The alloy material comprises the following components: Mg, Si, Zr and Al, along with addition of a proper amount of Zr element and a related treatment process, a strong Brass texture is formed by combining large-deformation rolling in the hot rolling process; meanwhile, the added Zr element effectively controls the size of the Mg2Si phase, the nucleation rate of Cube crystal grains can be effectively increased when a follow-up suitable recrystallization process is matched, the crystal grains have obvious growth advantages relative to other orientations in the follow-up growth process, the final alloy material has a high-strength Cube texture, and the high-strength Cube texture is obtained. According to the texture, the stress concentration effect can be effectively relieved in the aluminum alloy plastic deformation process, the cooperative deformation capacity between crystal grains is improved, and the alloy formability can be effectively improved. And the prepared alloy plate is suitable for industrial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metal high-formability aluminum alloy processing, and in particular relates to a high-strength Cube texture, high-formability aluminum alloy material for automobiles, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industrial technology, aluminum alloy, as a lightweight and high-strength metal material, has been widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic communications and other fields. Traditional aluminum alloy materials often face problems such as difficulty in forming and easy cracking during the forming process, which not only affects the quality and performance of the final product, but also increases the production cost and cycle. Therefore, it is particularly important to obtain alloy materials with specific textures by optimizing alloy composition, adjusting heat treatment processes, etc., so as to improve the forming performance of materials. The research on high-formability aluminum alloys helps to improve the accuracy and efficiency of material forming processing. In the field of automobile manufacturing, the application of high-formability aluminum alloys can reduce the difficulty of body structure processing, and is also conducive to improving the accuracy of material forming processing. It has important engineering prospects in automobile body and chassis system materials.

[0003] There have been some related technical reports on the formability of Al-Mg-Si materials. The prior art discloses a micro-alloy optimized Al-Mg-Si alloy for car bodies and a preparation method thereof. A trace amount of In element is added to the Al-Mg-Si alloy. The trace In in the Al-Mg-Si alloy, by regulating the confinement and release of vacancies during heat treatment, the natural aging and artificial aging dynamics are regulated, and the negative effects of natural aging on the alloy are effectively suppressed, so that the alloy obtains a lower T4 state yield strength and better formability. The prior art discloses a high-formability Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Zn-Er-Zr alloy and a preparation method thereof. By adding 0.01-0.5wt% Er and 0.01-0.5wt% Zr to the alloy; an aluminum alloy material with good formability is obtained. The n values ​​of the four alloy plates obtained in this scheme are all greater than 0.23, and the r values ​​are all greater than 0.5, and the formability is good. The prior art discloses a high-formability Al-Mg-Si alloy and a method for manufacturing the same. By adding some rare earth elements, a high-formability, light-weight, high-strength metal sheet is obtained after intermediate annealing, cold rolling, and solid solution quenching. The sheet has excellent hemming performance and rapid paint aging hardening response. The prior art discloses an aluminum alloy material suitable for the manufacture of automobile body panels and a preparation method. The paint hardening performance is improved by adding 0.05-0.15wt% Zr and controlling the total amount and proportion of main alloying elements such as Zn and Cu. The prior art also discloses an aluminum alloy for automobile body panels and a method for manufacturing the same. The mechanical properties of the alloy are improved by adding 0.01-0.2wt% Ce.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior arts only add appropriate amounts of metal elements to the matrix Al-Mg-Si alloy to improve the various properties of the alloy through microalloying to refine the grains, and regulate the structural composition of the alloy through heat treatment. Or reduce the content of impurities in the alloy to reduce unfavorable compounds. Or use more complex processing technology to control the grain size of the alloy to achieve the purpose of improving strength, resulting in increased production costs. However, one of the main factors affecting the formability of polycrystalline plates is the crystal texture. The study of stress-strain behavior in the texture dimension is particularly critical for understanding the forming behavior of deformed materials. The current prior arts do not regulate the forming performance by regulating the texture of the alloy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a high-strength Cube texture, high-formability aluminum alloy material for automobiles and a preparation method and application thereof to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-strength Cube texture, high-formability aluminum alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 0.9-1.2%, Si 0.45-0.8%, Zr 0.05-0.26%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing the automotive high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. The smelting raw materials are pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy, and the smelting raw materials are proportioned according to the target composition of the alloy material;

[0009] S2, smelting and pouring the raw materials with good proportion to obtain alloy ingots;

[0010] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot;

[0011] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment and hot rolling it into an alloy plate;

[0012] S5. The obtained alloy plate is subjected to annealing treatment, solution treatment, water quenching treatment and natural aging treatment.

[0013] Preferably, the smelting is carried out at a temperature of 660-673° C. under the protection of an inert atmosphere, and after the metal and the alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal and casting to obtain an alloy ingot.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the alloy ingot during homogenization treatment is 530-552° C. and the time is 36-48 hours.

[0015] Preferably, the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment is heated to 460-490° C., and then subjected to rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 92.6%-96.5% to obtain the alloy plate.

[0016] Preferably, the annealing treatment temperature is 350-400° C. and the time is 3-4 hours.

[0017] Preferably, the solution treatment temperature is 530-565° C. and the time is 39-56 min.

[0018] Preferably, the obtained alloy sheet is subjected to annealing treatment, solution treatment, water quenching treatment, and finally natural aging treatment at room temperature for at least 96 hours.

[0019] Preferably, the inert atmosphere comprises at least one of nitrogen, helium, neon and argon;

[0020] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.5%-2% of the mass of the smelting raw material;

[0021] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 25-35%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 35-45%, the balance is cryolite, and the sum of the mass percentages of the various components is 100%.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of the automotive high-strength Cube texture, high formability aluminum alloy material or the automotive high-strength Cube texture, high formability alloy material prepared by the preparation method in the preparation of a vehicle chassis drive shaft.

[0023] A high-strength Cube texture, high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles and its preparation method and application

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for automobiles of the present invention comprises the following components in mass percentage: Mg 0.9-1.2%, Si 0.45-0.8%, Zr 0.05-0.26%, and the balance Al; with the addition of an appropriate amount of Zr element and related treatment processes, a strong hot-rolled Brass{011} is formed in combination with large deformation rolling during hot rolling. <211> Texture. The added Zr element induces the Mg2Si phase with an average size of 1.47 to 4.56 μm. The Mg2Si phase in this size range can effectively increase the nucleation rate of Cube grains in the subsequent temperature range that is conducive to the recrystallization of Cube grains. This type of grain has a significant growth advantage over other orientations such as Goss in the subsequent growth process, so the final alloy material has a high-strength {001} <100> Cube texture; Cube texture can effectively alleviate the stress concentration effect during the plastic deformation of aluminum alloy, improve the anti-cooperative deformation ability between grains, and effectively improve the formability of the alloy. The plastic strain ratio r value of the final alloy is between 0.46 and 0.8, the strain hardening index n is between 0.27 and 0.298, the Cube texture extreme density value of the alloy is between 8.74 and 13.6, the tensile strength of the alloy is 260.4Mpa to 275.8Mpa, the yield strength is 161.3Mpa to 179.7Mpa, and the elongation is 23.07% to 24.46%. The prepared alloy sheet is suitable for industrial application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 The inverse pole figure of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The inverse pole figure of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 The inverse pole figure of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles prepared in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is the inverse pole figure of the Cube texture alloy material prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In order to better understand the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention, all the numbers used in this application to express the amount, percentage, and other numerical values ​​should be understood as modified by the word "about" in all cases. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the numerical parameters listed in the specification and the appended claims are approximate values, which may be changed according to the different ideal properties attempted to be obtained. Each numerical parameter should at least be regarded as obtained based on the reported significant figures and by conventional rounding methods.

[0033] It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments. In addition, in the description of the present application, the term "including" means "including but not limited to". Various embodiments of the present invention may be in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present invention; therefore, it should be considered that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the numbered range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which applies regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in this article, it is meant to include any cited numbers (fractions or integers) within the indicated range.

[0034] The invention provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for vehicles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: 0.9-1.2% Mg, 0.45-0.8% Si, 0.05-0.26% Zr, and the balance Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0035] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. The smelting raw materials are pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy, and the smelting raw materials are proportioned according to the target composition of the alloy material;

[0037] S2, smelting and pouring the raw materials with good proportion to obtain alloy ingots;

[0038] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot;

[0039] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment and hot rolling it into an alloy plate;

[0040] S5. The obtained alloy plate is subjected to annealing treatment, solution treatment, water quenching treatment and natural aging treatment.

[0041] At present, the existing technologies are to add multiple metal elements to the matrix Al-Mg-Si alloy, improve the various properties of the alloy through composite microalloying to play the role of grain refinement, and to control the microstructure of the alloy through heat treatment; or to reduce the content of impurities in the alloy to reduce the formation of unfavorable compounds, resulting in increased production costs; or to use more complex processing technology to control the grain size of the alloy to achieve the purpose of improving strength; however, one of the main factors affecting the formability of polycrystalline plates is crystal texture, and the study of texture evolution is important for understanding the anisotropy of physical and mechanical properties of deformed materials. The current existing technologies do not control the performance by controlling the texture of the alloy. For the typical texture components (i.e., Copper, Brass, S, Cube and Goss texture components) in rolled aluminum alloy plates, experiments show that only the forming limit of Cube texture is much higher than that of other texture components. In addition, when the orthogonal anisotropic axis of the cube texture material is inclined 45 degrees relative to the main tensile direction, an abnormally high forming limit is obtained on the near-plane strain forming path; the purpose of the present invention is to use only four alloy components Al, Mg, Si, and Zr, among which low-cost Zr is a trace element. At the same time, matching the appropriate processing technology, combining large deformation rolling during hot rolling to form a strong hot-rolled Brass{011} <211> Texture; At the same time, the added Zr element induces the Mg2Si phase with an average size between 1.47 and 4.56 μm. The Mg2Si phase in this size range can effectively increase the nucleation rate of Cube grains in the subsequent temperature range that is conducive to the recrystallization of Cube grains. This type of grain has a significant growth advantage over other orientations such as Goss in the subsequent growth process, so the final alloy material has high-strength {001} <100> Cube texture; Cube texture can effectively alleviate the stress concentration effect during the plastic deformation of aluminum alloy, improve the ability of grains to resist cooperative deformation, alleviate material damage, effectively improve the r and n values ​​of the alloy sheet, and have high formability.

[0042] In some embodiments, pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy are proportioned as smelting raw materials according to target component content ratios of the alloy materials.

[0043] In some embodiments, smelting is performed at a temperature of 660-673° C. under the protection of an inert atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal (without adding a covering agent), and then casting is performed to obtain an alloy ingot.

[0044] In some embodiments, the alloy ingot is homogenized at a temperature of 530-552° C. for a time of 36-48 hours.

[0045] In some embodiments, the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment is heated to 460-490° C., and then subjected to rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 92.6%-96.5% to obtain an alloy plate.

[0046] In some embodiments, the annealing temperature is 350-400° C. and the time is 3-4 hours.

[0047] In some embodiments, the solution treatment temperature is 530-565° C. and the time is 39-56 min.

[0048] In some embodiments, the obtained alloy plate is subjected to annealing treatment, solution treatment, water quenching treatment, and finally natural aging treatment at room temperature for at least 96 hours.

[0049] In some embodiments, the inert atmosphere includes at least one of nitrogen, helium, neon, and argon.

[0050] In some embodiments, the refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.5%-2% of the mass of the smelting raw material;

[0051] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 25-35%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 35-45%, the balance is cryolite, and the sum of the mass percentages of the various components is 100%.

[0052] The preparation method of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles of the present invention, with the addition of an appropriate amount of Zr element and related processing technology, forms a strong hot-rolled Brass{011} in combination with large deformation rolling during the hot rolling process. <211> Texture. The added Zr element induces the Mg2Si phase with an average size of 1.47-4.56μm. The Mg2Si phase in this size range can effectively increase the nucleation rate of Cube grains in the subsequent temperature range that is conducive to the recrystallization of Cube grains. This type of grain has a significant growth advantage over other orientations such as Goss in the subsequent growth process, so the final alloy material has high-strength {001} <100> Cube texture; Cube texture can effectively alleviate the stress concentration effect during the plastic deformation of aluminum alloy, improve the anti-cooperative deformation ability between grains, and effectively improve the formability of the alloy. The plastic strain ratio r value of the final alloy is between 0.46 and 0.8, the strain hardening index n is between 0.27 and 0.298, the Cube texture extreme density value of the alloy is between 8.74 and 13.6, the tensile strength of the alloy is 260.4Mpa to 275.8Mpa, the yield strength is 161.3Mpa to 179.7Mpa, and the elongation is 23.07% to 24.46%. The prepared alloy sheet is suitable for industrial application.

[0053] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of the automotive high-strength Cube texture, high formability alloy material or the automotive high-strength Cube texture, high formability alloy material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in the preparation of a vehicle chassis drive shaft.

[0054] The following further illustrates the automotive high-strength Cube texture, high formability alloy material and its preparation method of the present application with specific examples. This section further illustrates the content of the present invention in conjunction with specific examples, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.6%, Zr 0.05%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0057] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0059] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0060] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.6% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0061] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0062] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0063] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 96.4% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0064] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 400° C. for 3 h;

[0065] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 540°C for 50 min.

[0066] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, the plate after natural aging treatment was subjected to XRD macro texture detection. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 13.57; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 267.6Mpa, yield strength was 161.3Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.80243, and the elongation was 24.46%.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.6%, Zr 0.15%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0069] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0071] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0072] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.6% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0073] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0074] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0075] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 96.4% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0076] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 400° C. for 3 h;

[0077] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 540°C for 50 min.

[0078] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 8.74; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 260.4Mpa, yield strength was 179.1Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.46364, and the elongation was 23.19%.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.6%, Zr 0.25%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0081] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0082] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0083] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0084] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.6% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0085] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0086] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0087] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 96.4% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0088] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 400° C. for 3 h;

[0089] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 540°C for 50 min.

[0090] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 10.39; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 264.1Mpa, yield strength was 166.6Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.48612, and the elongation was 24.31%.

[0091] Example 4

[0092] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.8%, Zr 0.26%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0093] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0094] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0095] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0096] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.8% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0097] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0098] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 530° C. for 48 hours;

[0099] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 96.4% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0100] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 380° C. for 3 h;

[0101] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 530°C for 56 min.

[0102] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 9.79; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 265.9Mpa, yield strength was 163.0Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.5378, and the elongation was 23.61%.

[0103] Example 5

[0104] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: 0.9% Mg, 0.7% Si, 0.09% Zr, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0105] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0106] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0107] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0108] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.8% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0109] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0110] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 45 h;

[0111] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 460° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 96.4% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0112] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 350° C. for 3 h;

[0113] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 560°C for 40 minutes;

[0114] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 8.94; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 271.4Mpa, yield strength was 170.5Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.5681, and the elongation was 23.07%.

[0115] Example 6

[0116] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.1%, Si 0.5%, Zr 0.11%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0117] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0118] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0119] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0120] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.5% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0121] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0122] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 530° C. for 36 hours;

[0123] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 490° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 92.6% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0124] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 400° C. for 3.5 h;

[0125] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 540°C for 50 min.

[0126] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 11.23; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 262.0Mpa, yield strength was 164.6Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.7564, and the elongation was 24.51%.

[0127] Example 7

[0128] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.2%, Si 0.45%, Zr 0.17%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0129] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0130] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0131] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0132] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 2% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0133] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0134] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 552°C for 48 hours;

[0135] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 95.3% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0136] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 390° C. for 3.5 h;

[0137] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 555°C for 39 minutes;

[0138] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 10.25; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 275.8Mpa, yield strength was 173.5Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.7128, and the elongation was 23.57%.

[0139] Example 8

[0140] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: 0.9% Mg, 0.6% Si, 0.1% Zr, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0141] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0142] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0143] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0144] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.9% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0145] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0146] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 42 h;

[0147] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 96.5% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0148] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 360° C. for 3 h;

[0149] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 565°C for 42 minutes;

[0150] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 13.6; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 264.2Mpa, yield strength was 169.7Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.5721, and the elongation was 23.9%.

[0151] Example 9

[0152] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles, comprising the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.1%, Si 0.65%, Zr 0.19%, and the remainder Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0153] The method for preparing the above-mentioned high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles comprises the following steps:

[0154] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0155] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0156] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.6% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0157] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0158] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0159] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 93.8% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0160] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 370° C. for 4 hours;

[0161] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 545°C for 48 minutes;

[0162] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then subjected to natural aging treatment for more than 96 hours. Then, XRD macro texture detection was performed on the plate after natural aging treatment. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this embodiment was mainly Cube texture, and its polar density value was 12.78; through tensile test, its tensile strength was 270.4Mpa, yield strength was 168.0Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.6954, and the elongation was 24.06%.

[0163] Comparative Example 1

[0164] This comparative example provides a Cube texture alloy material, including the following components in mass percentage: 1.1% Mg, 0.6% Si, 0.08% Zr, and the balance Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0165] The preparation method of the above-mentioned Cube texture alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0166] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0167] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0168] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.6% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0169] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0170] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0171] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 90.6% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0172] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 420° C. for 3 h;

[0173] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 510°C for 50 min.

[0174] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then naturally aged for more than 96 hours. Then the plate after natural aging was subjected to XRD macro texture detection. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this comparative example was mainly Cube texture, with an extreme density of 3.52; the tensile test showed that its tensile strength was 259.3Mpa, the yield strength was 167.4Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.3914, and the elongation was 19.61%.

[0175] Comparative Example 2

[0176] This comparative example provides a Cube texture alloy material, including the following components in mass percentage: Mg 1.45%, Si 0.9%, Zr 0.19%, and the balance Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0177] The preparation method of the above-mentioned Cube texture alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0178] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0179] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0180] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.6% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0181] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0182] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0183] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 95.6% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0184] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 380° C. for 3 h;

[0185] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 530°C for 50 min.

[0186] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then naturally aged for more than 96 hours. Then the plate after natural aging was subjected to XRD macro texture detection. Texture analysis showed that the texture in this comparative example was mainly Cube texture, with an extreme density of 4.51; the tensile test showed that its tensile strength was 275.6Mpa, the yield strength was 173.1Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.4061, and the elongation was 17.95%.

[0187] Comparative Example 3

[0188] This comparative example provides a Cube texture alloy material, including the following components in mass percentage: 1.2% Mg, 0.6% Si, 0.3% Zr, and the balance is Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0189] The preparation method of the above-mentioned Cube texture alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0190] S1, mixing pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy according to the target component content ratio of the alloy material;

[0191] S2. The raw materials with good proportion are melted at a temperature of 670° C. under the protection of argon atmosphere. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal, and then casting to obtain an alloy ingot;

[0192] The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.3% of the mass of the smelting raw materials;

[0193] The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 30%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 40%, and the mass fraction of cryolite is 30%;

[0194] S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot at a temperature of 540° C. for 48 hours;

[0195] S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment to 480° C., and then performing rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 90.6% to obtain an alloy plate;

[0196] S5, annealing the obtained alloy plate at an annealing temperature of 430° C. for 3 h;

[0197] The annealed alloy plate was solution treated at 560°C for 30 min.

[0198] The alloy plate after solution treatment was water quenched and then naturally aged for more than 96 hours. Then the plate after natural aging was subjected to XRD macro texture detection. After texture analysis, it was found that the texture in this comparative example was mainly Cube texture, and its extreme density value was 3.94. And through tensile tests, it was found that its tensile strength was 261.8Mpa, the yield strength was 168.7Mpa, and the plastic strain ratio r, which measures the formability, was 0.3517, and the elongation was 17.38%.

[0199] Texture test

[0200] Figure 1 This is the inverse pole figure of the automotive high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0201] Figure 2 This is the inverse pole figure of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for automobiles prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0202] Figure 3 This is the inverse pole figure of the automotive high-strength Cube texture and high formability alloy material prepared in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0203] Figure 4 It is the inverse pole figure of the Cube texture alloy material prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0204] from Figures 1 to 4 It can be seen that Figure 1-3 The embodiment in contains a strong Cube{001} <100> The texture has a polar density value between 8.74 and 13.57, while the Cube texture strength in Comparative Example 1 is relatively low, with a polar density value of only 3.52. This shows that the strength of the Cube texture can be effectively improved by using this embodiment.

[0205] The properties of the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy materials for automobiles prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and the Cube texture alloy materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0206] Table 1 - Properties of Cube Textured Alloy Materials Prepared in Different Embodiments

[0207]

[0208]

[0209] It can be seen from Table 1 that with the increase of the amount of Zr element added, the plastic strain ratio r value, which measures the formability, has not been improved to a certain extent. Only when the Zr content of Example 1 is added, the plastic strain ratio r value reaches the maximum. With the addition of the Zr component ratio in Examples 1 to 3, the plastic strain ratio r value decreases. Through analysis, it can be known that the plastic strain ratio will not increase with the increase of Zr content. After reaching a certain proportion, it will decrease with the increase of the addition amount. At the same time, compared with Comparative Example 1, it is found that the formability of the alloy sheet that is not within the processing parameter range of the present invention is significantly reduced, compared with Comparative Example 2, it is found that the formability of the alloy sheet that is not within the alloy composition range of the present invention is significantly reduced, and compared with Comparative Example 3, it is found that the formability of the alloy sheet that is not within the alloy composition and processing range of the present invention is most significantly reduced.

[0210] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for automobiles. It is characterized in that The invention comprises the following components in mass percentage: Mg 0.9-1.2%, Si 0.45-0.8%, Zr 0.05-0.26%, and the balance Al; the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

2. A method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability alloy material for vehicles as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. The smelting raw materials are pure Al, pure Mg, pure Zr, and Al-Si20 master alloy, and the smelting raw materials are proportioned according to the target composition of the alloy material; S2, smelting and pouring the raw materials with good proportion to obtain alloy ingots; S3, homogenizing the alloy ingot; S4, heating the alloy ingot after homogenization treatment and hot rolling it into an alloy plate; S5. The obtained alloy plate is subjected to annealing treatment, solution treatment, water quenching treatment and natural aging treatment.

3. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Under the protection of an inert atmosphere, smelting is carried out at a temperature of 660-673°C. After the metal and alloy are melted, a refining agent is added for degassing, followed by slag removal and casting to obtain an alloy ingot.

4. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that When the alloy ingot is homogenized, the temperature is 530-552°C and the time is 36-48 hours.

5. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The alloy ingot after homogenization treatment is heated to 460-490° C., and then subjected to rolling deformation with a deformation amount of 92.6%-96.5% to obtain an alloy plate.

6. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The annealing treatment temperature is 350-400° C. and the time is 3-4 hours.

7. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The solution treatment temperature is 530-565° C. and the time is 39-56 minutes.

8. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The obtained alloy plate is subjected to annealing treatment, solution treatment, water quenching treatment, and finally natural aging treatment at room temperature for at least 96 hours.

9. The method for preparing the high-strength Cube texture and high-formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The inert atmosphere includes at least one of nitrogen, helium, neon and argon; The refining agent includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite, and the amount of the refining agent added is 1.5%-2% of the mass of the smelting raw material; The mass fraction of sodium chloride in the refining agent is 25-35%, the mass fraction of potassium chloride is 35-45%, the balance is cryolite, and the sum of the mass percentages of the various components is 100%.

10. Use of the high-strength Cube texture, high formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles as claimed in claim 1 or the high-strength Cube texture, high formability aluminum alloy material for vehicles prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 2 to 9 in the preparation of vehicle chassis drive shafts.

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