Intelligent power supply regulation and control method and system for low-voltage protection circuit

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent power supply regulation and control method and system for a low-voltage protection circuit, and relates to the technical field of power circuit design, the system comprises a voltage stabilizing diode, an NMOS tube, a PMOS tube, a capacitor and a plurality of resistors, and the plurality of resistors comprise a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor. Power supply input is automatically cut off, the conditions of circuit malfunction, electronic component damage and the like caused by too low voltage are avoided, the simple circuit design means that the used components are fewer, the circuit cost is lower accordingly, and due to the simple and efficient design thought, the circuit can be suitable for most power supply circuits, and the application range is wide. And various low-voltage cut-off requirements can be met only by slight modification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides a low-voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method and system, which relate to the technical field of power supply circuit design, and in particular to the technical field of low-voltage protection circuit power supply control. Background Art

[0002] At present, most electronic products only have an anti-reverse circuit design in their power supply circuits. This anti-reverse circuit design can only protect the circuit and components when the power supply is reversed, but it cannot effectively protect and prevent unstable power supply voltage fluctuations. Working in a low-voltage state for a long time will affect the normal operation of the circuit function and also cause damage to some electronic components. The existing technology is difficult to flexibly adjust the protection threshold of the low-voltage protection circuit and has low adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a low-voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method and system to solve the problems of possible low-voltage power supply situations and voltage mutations. The existing technology is difficult to flexibly adjust the protection threshold of the low-voltage protection circuit and has low adaptability. The present invention provides a low-voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method and system, the method comprising: Obtaining a power supply input voltage and comparing it with a preset threshold to obtain a voltage comparison result; Determine whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage stabilizing diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, thereby obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data; The low voltage protection abnormality coefficient is calculated, and then the protection threshold adjustment coefficient is calculated. The protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit is adjusted according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjustment result.

[0004] Further, the obtaining of the power supply input voltage and comparing it with a preset threshold value to obtain a voltage comparison result includes: When the power supply voltage is less than the preset threshold, the NMOS tube is controlled to be cut off, thereby controlling the power supply voltage to have no output; When the power supply voltage is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the NMOS tube is controlled to be turned on, thereby controlling the power supply voltage output.

[0005] Furthermore, judging whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage zener diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, and then obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, includes: When the power input voltage is less than the preset threshold, the voltage-regulating diode is controlled to be cut off, the voltage-regulating diode and the resistor are not controlled, the NMOS tube has no voltage, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, there is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, and the NMOS tube is cut off; The gate voltage and source voltage of the PMOS tube are the same as its input voltage. There is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, so the PMOS tube is not turned on, and the power supply voltage is controlled to have no output.

[0006] Furthermore, judging whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage zener diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, and then obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, further includes: When the power input voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the voltage-stabilizing diode and the resistor are controlled to divide the voltage, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, the voltage difference between the gate and the source is greater than 1V, and the NMOS tube is turned on; The gate of the PMOS tube is grounded, the source voltage is the same as the input voltage, the voltage difference is greater than 1V, the PMOS is turned on, and then the power supply voltage output is controlled. The data in the voltage division process is the voltage division control data, and the data in the regulation process is the power supply regulation data.

[0007] Furthermore, the calculation of the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient, and then the calculation of the protection threshold adjustment coefficient, and the adjustment of the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain the adjustment result include: Calculating a low voltage protection abnormality coefficient according to the voltage division control data and the power supply regulation data; Comparing the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient with a preset abnormality threshold to obtain an abnormality comparison result; Determine whether to adjust the protection threshold according to the abnormal comparison result, and obtain the adjustment determination result; A protection threshold adjustment coefficient is calculated according to the adjustment determination result, and the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit is adjusted according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjustment result.

[0008] Furthermore, the system includes: a voltage stabilizing diode, an NMOS tube, a PMOS tube, a capacitor and a plurality of resistors, wherein the plurality of resistors include a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor.

[0009] Furthermore, the power input end is respectively connected to the power signal input ends of the first resistor and the second resistor and the source of the PMOS tube, the drain of the PMOS tube is connected to the power output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube is respectively connected to the drain of the NMOS tube and the power signal output end of the second resistor.

[0010] Furthermore, the power signal output end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the voltage zener diode, the anode of the voltage zener diode is respectively connected to the power signal input end of the third resistor and the gate of the NMOS tube, and the power signal output end of the third resistor is grounded.

[0011] Further, the power signal input end of the capacitor is connected to the power signal input end of the third resistor, and the power signal output end of the capacitor is connected to the power signal output end of the third resistor.

[0012] Furthermore, the power signal input end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the third resistor, the power signal input end of the capacitor, the anode of the voltage regulator diode and the gate of the NMOS tube.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a simpler circuit design and more efficient circuit feedback control. Simple circuit design means fewer components are used, and the circuit cost is lower. At the same time, most of the prior art solutions are fixed voltage control, and the design is too rigid and cannot adapt to various circuit requirements. The circuit of this design can be applied to most power supply circuits due to its simple and efficient design ideas, and can meet various low-voltage cutoff requirements with only slight modifications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an intelligent power supply control method for a low voltage protection circuit; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the low voltage cut-off circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method and system for intelligent power supply control of a low-voltage protection circuit is provided, and the method includes: Obtaining a power supply input voltage and comparing it with a preset threshold to obtain a voltage comparison result; Determine whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage stabilizing diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, thereby obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data; Calculate the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient, and then calculate the protection threshold adjustment coefficient. According to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient, adjust the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit to obtain the adjustment result, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0017] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the control system of the present invention includes a low-voltage cut-off circuit, which includes a voltage stabilizing diode, an NMOS tube, a PMOS tube, a capacitor and multiple resistors. The power input end is respectively connected to one end of resistor R8, one end of R9 and the source of PMOS tube Q2. The drain of Q2 is connected to the power output end, and the gate is respectively connected to the drain of NMOS tube M1 and the other end of resistor R9. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the negative electrode of voltage stabilizing diode D5, and the positive electrode of D5 is respectively connected to one end of resistor R46 and the gate of NMOS tube M1. The other end of resistor R46 is grounded, and the source of NMOS tube M1 is grounded. Capacitor C46 is connected to both ends of resistor R46, one end of resistor R52 is connected to the power output, and the other end is respectively connected to capacitor C46, ​​the intersection of resistor R46 and the positive electrode of voltage stabilizing diode, and the gate of NMOS tube M1.

[0018] In the low voltage cut-off circuit: When the power input voltage is lower than the rated voltage of the Zener diode, the diode is cut off, and the gate of M1 has no voltage, the source is grounded, and there is no voltage difference between the gate and source of M1, so M1 is cut off. This affects Q2's gate voltage to be the same as the input voltage, and the source voltage is also equal to the input voltage. There is no voltage difference between the gate and source of Q2, Q2 is not turned on, and the power supply voltage cannot be output normally.

[0019] When the power input voltage is higher than the design value, the source of M1 is grounded through the voltage division of the voltage stabilizing diode and the resistor, and a voltage difference greater than 1V is generated between the gate and source of M1, and then M1 is turned on. At this time, the gate of Q2 is grounded, the source is the input voltage, the voltage difference is greater than 1V, Q2 is turned on, and the power supply outputs normally.

[0020] The present invention achieves input voltage limitation through the cooperation of voltage stabilizing diode and MOS tube, thereby solving the problem of damage to electronic equipment and abnormal function caused by unstable voltage.

[0021] Specific process example: like Figure 2As shown, in this circuit, when the power input voltage is lower than 10.5V, the voltage drop of the voltage zener diode D5 itself is 9.1V. After the voltage is divided by resistors R8 and R46, the voltage at the gate of the NMOS tube M1 is lower than 1V. At this time, the source of M1 is grounded, and the direct voltage difference between the two is less than 1V, so M1 cannot be turned on. The gate of the MOS tube Q2 cannot be connected to the ground through M1. At this time, the gate voltage is equal to the input voltage. The source of Q2 is directly connected to the power input. At this time, the voltage between the gate and the source of Q2 is the same and there is no voltage difference. Q2 cannot be turned on, and the power supply cannot output normally. When the power input voltage is greater than 10.5V, the voltage drop of the voltage zener diode itself is 9.1V. After the voltage is divided by resistors R8 and R46, the theoretical calculated value of the gate of M1 is 1.2V. At this time, the difference between the gate and the source is 1.2V, which is greater than 1V, and M1 is turned on. Then it affects the subsequent connection of the gate of Q2 to the ground. At this time, the source of Q2 is the same as the input voltage, and the difference between the gate and the source is the input voltage, which is greater than 1V. Q2 is turned on and the power supply outputs normally.

[0022] The system first obtains the actual input voltage of the power supply and compares this voltage value with the preset voltage threshold. The preset voltage threshold is usually set according to the normal working range and safety standards of the circuit. Through comparison, the system can determine whether the current power supply input voltage is within the normal range or whether it is too low (which may affect the stability and performance of the circuit). If the voltage comparison result shows that the input voltage is lower than the preset threshold, the system will start the voltage division control operation of the voltage-stabilizing diode and resistor. The purpose of this step is to stabilize the output voltage through the voltage division circuit to ensure that the circuit can still work normally in a low-voltage environment. The system will also perform power supply regulation operations based on the voltage comparison results and the actual needs of the circuit, such as adjusting the power supply current, optimizing power distribution, etc., to further improve the efficiency and stability of the circuit. In this process, the system will record the voltage division control data and power supply regulation data for subsequent analysis and optimization. Based on the voltage comparison results, voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, the system will further calculate the low-voltage protection abnormality coefficient. This coefficient is used to quantify the abnormality or risk level of the circuit in a low-voltage environment. Based on the low-voltage protection abnormality coefficient, the system will calculate the protection threshold adjustment coefficient. This coefficient is used to guide how to adjust the protection threshold of the low-voltage protection circuit to better adapt to the current working environment and circuit status. The purpose of adjusting the protection threshold is to ensure that the circuit can start the protection mechanism in a timely and accurate manner when facing a low-voltage threat to prevent circuit damage or performance degradation. The system adjusts the protection threshold of the low-voltage protection circuit accordingly based on the protection threshold adjustment coefficient and records the adjustment results.

[0023] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by real-time monitoring of the power input voltage and performing voltage division control and power supply regulation, it can ensure that the circuit can still maintain a stable working state in a low-voltage environment, reducing performance degradation or failure caused by voltage fluctuations. By calculating the low-voltage protection abnormality coefficient and the protection threshold adjustment coefficient, and adjusting the protection threshold of the low-voltage protection circuit accordingly, the circuit's response speed and protection effect to low-voltage threats can be significantly improved, and the risk of circuit damage can be reduced. Through precise power supply regulation and optimized voltage division control strategy, the energy consumption and power loss of the circuit can be reduced, the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, and the environmental protection requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction can be met. The entire adjustment process is based on real-time data and intelligent algorithms, which realizes the intelligent management and optimization of the low-voltage protection circuit and improves the automation level and maintenance efficiency of the system.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining of the power supply input voltage and comparing it with a preset threshold value to obtain a voltage comparison result includes: When the power supply voltage is less than the preset threshold, the NMOS tube is controlled to be cut off, thereby controlling the power supply voltage to have no output; When the power supply voltage is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the NMOS tube is controlled to be turned on, thereby controlling the power supply voltage output.

[0025] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the system continuously monitors the input voltage of the power supply and compares it with a preset voltage threshold. This preset threshold is set according to the normal working range and safety standards of the circuit, and is used to determine whether the power supply voltage is within a safe or acceptable range. When the power supply voltage is less than the preset threshold, the system determines that the power supply voltage is too low and cannot provide a stable working voltage for the circuit, or that continuing to supply power may cause damage to the circuit. Therefore, the system controls the NMOS tube to enter the cut-off state (i.e., the closed state). In the cut-off state, the channel resistance of the NMOS tube is very large and can almost be regarded as an open circuit, thereby cutting off the output path of the power supply voltage and preventing the low voltage from affecting the circuit. When the power supply voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the system determines that the power supply voltage is within a normal or acceptable range and can provide a stable working voltage for the circuit. Therefore, the system controls the NMOS tube to enter the on state (i.e., the on state). In the on state, the channel resistance of the NMOS tube is very small and can be regarded as a short circuit, thereby allowing the power supply voltage to be output to the circuit through the NMOS tube to provide energy for the normal operation of the circuit.

[0026] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by introducing NMOS tube as a power protection switch, the system can cut off the power output in time when the power voltage is too low to prevent low voltage from damaging the circuit. This protection mechanism improves the reliability and safety of the circuit. The system allows the power voltage to be output to the circuit only when the power voltage reaches or exceeds the preset threshold. This ensures that the circuit operates in a stable and reliable voltage environment and reduces performance degradation or failure caused by voltage fluctuations. Using NMOS tube as a power protection switch can simplify the design complexity of the circuit. NMOS tube has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, and fast response speed, and is suitable for occasions such as power protection. Combining NMOS tube with intelligent control system can realize a more flexible and intelligent power management strategy. For example, the preset threshold can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual needs of the circuit and the working environment to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, judging whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of a voltage zener diode and a resistor according to the voltage comparison result, and then obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, includes: When the power input voltage is less than the preset threshold, the voltage-regulating diode is controlled to be cut off, the voltage-regulating diode and the resistor are not controlled, the NMOS tube has no voltage, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, there is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, and the NMOS tube is cut off; The gate voltage and source voltage of the PMOS tube are the same as its input voltage. There is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, so the PMOS tube is not turned on, and the power supply voltage is controlled to have no output.

[0028] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the system first monitors the power input voltage and compares it with the preset voltage threshold. When the power input voltage is less than the preset threshold, the system controls the voltage regulator diode to be in the cut-off state (or in fact, in this case, the voltage regulator diode itself will not enter the voltage regulation working state because a sufficiently high voltage is required to start). Since the voltage is lower than the preset threshold, the voltage divider control of the voltage regulator diode and the resistor cannot be performed; since the power input voltage is lower than the preset threshold, the system simultaneously controls the NMOS tube to be cut off. In the cut-off state of the NMOS tube, its source is grounded (or connected to the ground potential), and there is not enough voltage on the gate to overcome the threshold voltage, so there is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, and the NMOS tube channel is not turned on, thereby cutting off the output path of the power supply voltage.

[0029] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by cutting off all possible power output paths (through NMOS tubes and possible PMOS tube configurations) when the power input voltage is lower than a preset threshold, the system can prevent low voltage from causing damage to subsequent circuits. Since the control logic is directly based on the voltage comparison result, the system can respond quickly to changes in the power state and take corresponding protection measures. By ensuring that power is not supplied to the circuit under adverse conditions (such as low voltage), the system can improve the reliability and stability of the overall circuit. Although the current description is a protection mechanism under low voltage conditions, the system can easily adapt to more complex power management requirements by adding additional control logic and components.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, judging whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage zener diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, and then obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, further includes: When the power input voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the voltage-stabilizing diode and the resistor are controlled to divide the voltage, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, the voltage difference between the gate and the source is greater than 1V, and the NMOS tube is turned on; The gate of the PMOS tube is grounded, the source voltage is the same as the input voltage, the voltage difference is greater than 1V, the PMOS is turned on, and then the power supply voltage output is controlled. The data in the voltage division process is the voltage division control data, and the data in the regulation process is the power supply regulation data.

[0031] The working principle of the above technical solution is: when the power input voltage reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the system starts the voltage divider circuit of the voltage regulator diode and the resistor. The voltage regulator diode acts as a reference voltage in this circuit and maintains a relatively stable voltage drop near its reverse breakdown voltage. The resistor is used to divide the voltage together with the voltage regulator diode to reduce the input voltage to a level that the circuit can safely handle. The divided voltage becomes the reference voltage or power supply voltage of the subsequent circuit. At this time, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded (or connected to the ground potential of the system), and the gate obtains a voltage higher than the source voltage, and the voltage difference is greater than the threshold voltage of the NMOS tube. In this way, the NMOS tube enters the on state, allowing current to flow from the drain to the source, thereby allowing the power supply voltage (or the voltage after voltage division) to be output to the subsequent circuit through the NMOS tube. Unlike the NMOS tube, the PMOS tube is turned on when the source voltage is higher than the gate voltage. Here, the gate of the PMOS tube is grounded (or connected to the low potential of the system), and the source is connected to the input voltage. Since the input voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold and is much greater than the ground potential (ie, the gate voltage), there is a sufficient voltage difference between the gate and the source of the PMOS tube, so that the PMOS tube is turned on.

[0032] During the voltage division and power supply regulation process, the system will record relevant data, such as the output voltage, current, power consumption, etc. of the voltage division circuit. These data are called voltage division control data. At the same time, the system will also monitor and adjust the parameters in the power supply process, such as the stability of the output voltage, the change of the load current, etc. These data are called power supply regulation data. These data are very important for subsequent system optimization, fault diagnosis and performance evaluation.

[0033] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: through the voltage divider circuit of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the resistor, the system can provide a stable and adjustable power supply voltage to the subsequent circuit, reducing the impact of power supply voltage fluctuations on circuit performance. When the power input voltage is too high, through the control logic of the NMOS tube and possible PMOS tube, the system can limit or cut off the power output to prevent circuit damage. The system can adjust the power supply parameters such as output voltage, current, etc. according to actual needs to meet the needs of different loads and working environments. By recording and analyzing the voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, the system can continuously optimize the power management strategy, improve energy utilization efficiency and system stability. Through precise voltage monitoring and control logic, the system can promptly detect and respond to changes in the power supply status, reducing the system failure rate caused by power supply problems.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient, and then calculating the protection threshold adjustment coefficient, and adjusting the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain the adjustment result includes: Calculating a low voltage protection abnormality coefficient according to the voltage division control data and the power supply regulation data; The calculation formula of the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient is:

[0035] Among them, Y cs is the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient, D y is the number of conduction times, D sdt is the actual conduction times, D d D is the number of times the current should not be turned on. st is the actual number of non-conduction times, C cs is the total number of tests, h is the number of conduction controls, and f i is the reaction time of the ith control, f u To preset the control reaction time; Comparing the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient with a preset abnormality threshold to obtain an abnormality comparison result; Determine whether to adjust the protection threshold according to the abnormal comparison result, and obtain the adjustment determination result; When the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient is greater than the preset abnormality threshold, the protection threshold is adjusted and determined, otherwise, the protection threshold is not adjusted and determined; A protection threshold adjustment coefficient is calculated according to the adjustment determination result, and the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit is adjusted according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjustment result.

[0036] The calculation formula of the protection threshold adjustment coefficient is:

[0037] Among them, U xs is the protection threshold adjustment coefficient, U dz is the current protection threshold, when U dz When it is greater than the preset protection threshold, , when U dz When it is less than or equal to the preset protection threshold, .

[0038] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the system collects the voltage division control data of the low voltage protection circuit. Using these data, the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient (Y cs This coefficient takes into account the number of times the switch should be turned on (D y )、Actual conduction times(D sdt ), should not be conducting times (D d )、Actual non-conduction times(D st ), total number of tests (C cs ), the number of on-time controls (h) and the reaction time of each control (f i ) and the preset control reaction time (f u ) difference. The protection threshold is flexibly adjusted according to abnormal conditions. dz When U is greater than the preset protection threshold, the protection threshold is adjusted downward. dz When it is less than or equal to the preset protection threshold, the protection threshold is adjusted upward.

[0039] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by real-time monitoring and calculation of the low-voltage protection abnormality coefficient, the system can promptly detect slight changes in circuit performance, and prevent potential faults or protection failures by adjusting the protection threshold, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire system. The method allows the system to dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the actual operation of the circuit, rather than relying on a fixed preset value. This dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the system to better adapt to different working conditions and environmental changes, and improve adaptability and flexibility. By discovering and handling potential circuit problems in advance, the method helps to reduce downtime and maintenance costs caused by circuit failures. In addition, dynamically adjusting the protection threshold can also extend the service life of circuits and equipment, further reducing maintenance costs. In low-voltage protection circuits, the reasonable setting of the protection threshold is crucial to ensure the safe operation of circuits and equipment. By accurately calculating and adjusting the protection threshold, the method can more effectively protect the circuit from adverse conditions such as overload and short circuit, thereby improving the overall safety of the system.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes: a voltage regulator diode, an NMOS transistor, a PMOS transistor, a capacitor and multiple resistors, and the multiple resistors include a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor.

[0041] The power input end is respectively connected to the power signal input ends of the first resistor and the second resistor and the source of the PMOS tube, the drain of the PMOS tube is connected to the power output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube is respectively connected to the drain of the NMOS tube and the power signal output end of the second resistor; The power signal output end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the power signal input end of the third resistor and the gate of the NMOS tube respectively, and the power signal output end of the third resistor is grounded; The power signal input end of the capacitor is connected to the power signal input end of the third resistor, and the power signal output end of the capacitor is connected to the power signal output end of the third resistor; The power signal input end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the third resistor, the power signal input end of the capacitor, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode and the gate of the NMOS tube.

[0042] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the power input terminal is firstly preliminarily divided by the first resistor and the second resistor. This voltage division process is mainly to limit the current entering the subsequent circuit and provide a suitable input voltage range for the Zener diode. The positive electrode of the Zener diode is connected to the power signal input terminal of the third resistor and the gate of the NMOS tube, and the negative electrode is connected to the power signal output terminal of the first resistor. When the input voltage exceeds the reverse breakdown voltage of the Zener diode, the Zener diode will start to conduct and clamp the voltage near its reverse breakdown voltage, thereby providing a stable gate voltage for the NMOS tube.

[0043] The gate voltage of the NMOS tube is determined by the Zener diode and the third resistor. When the gate voltage is higher than the source voltage (the source is grounded in this design) by a certain threshold, the NMOS tube is turned on, allowing current to flow from the drain to the source. Since the drain of the NMOS tube is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube, the conduction state of the NMOS tube directly affects the gate voltage of the PMOS tube. The gate voltage of the PMOS tube is determined by the drain voltage of the NMOS tube and the second resistor. When the gate voltage of the PMOS tube is lower than the source voltage (i.e., the input voltage) by a certain threshold, the PMOS tube is turned on and passes the input voltage to the power output. This configuration allows the system to intelligently control the power output according to the input voltage and the internal circuit state. The capacitor is connected in parallel between the Zener diode and the third resistor to smooth voltage fluctuations, reduce noise interference, and improve the stability of the circuit. The addition of the fourth resistor may be used to further adjust the voltage of the NMOS tube gate, or as a protection resistor to prevent excessive current from damaging the component.

[0044] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: through the synergistic effect of the voltage regulator diode and the NMOS / PMOS tube, the system can maintain the relative stability of the output voltage when the input voltage fluctuates, thereby improving the working stability and reliability of the circuit. The system can intelligently adjust the power output according to the input voltage and the internal circuit state, realize fine control of power supply, and meet the needs of different loads and working environments. The system can automatically cut off or limit the power output when the input voltage is too low to prevent circuit damage or fault expansion. Through precise voltage and current control, the system can reduce unnecessary energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. The modular circuit design makes the system easy to expand and maintain, and components can be added or replaced according to actual needs to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining a power supply input voltage and comparing it with a preset threshold to obtain a voltage comparison result; Determine whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage stabilizing diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, thereby obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data; The low voltage protection abnormality coefficient is calculated, and then the protection threshold adjustment coefficient is calculated. The protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit is adjusted according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjustment result.

2. According to claim 1, a low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method is characterized in that: The obtaining of the power supply input voltage and comparing it with a preset threshold value to obtain a voltage comparison result includes: When the power supply voltage is less than the preset threshold, the NMOS tube is controlled to be cut off, thereby controlling the power supply voltage to have no output; When the power supply voltage is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the NMOS tube is controlled to be turned on, thereby controlling the power supply voltage output.

3. According to claim 2, a low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method is characterized in that: The step of determining whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage stabilizing diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, and then obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, includes: When the power input voltage is less than the preset threshold, the voltage-regulating diode is controlled to be cut off, the voltage-regulating diode and the resistor are not controlled, the NMOS tube has no voltage, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, there is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, and the NMOS tube is cut off; The gate voltage and source voltage of the PMOS tube are the same as its input voltage. There is no voltage difference between the gate and the source, so the PMOS tube is not turned on, and the power supply voltage is controlled to have no output.

4. According to claim 2, a low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method is characterized in that: The step of determining whether to perform voltage division control and power supply regulation operations of the voltage stabilizing diode and the resistor according to the voltage comparison result, and then obtaining voltage division control data and power supply regulation data, further includes: When the power input voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the voltage-stabilizing diode and the resistor are controlled to divide the voltage, the source of the NMOS tube is grounded, the voltage difference between the gate and the source is greater than 1V, and the NMOS tube is turned on; The gate of the PMOS tube is grounded, the source voltage is the same as the input voltage, the voltage difference is greater than 1V, the PMOS is turned on, and then the power supply voltage output is controlled. The data in the voltage division process is the voltage division control data, and the data in the regulation process is the power supply regulation data.

5. According to claim 1, a low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control method is characterized in that: The calculating of the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient, and then calculating the protection threshold adjustment coefficient, and adjusting the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain the adjustment result, includes: Calculating a low voltage protection abnormality coefficient according to the voltage division control data and the power supply regulation data; Comparing the low voltage protection abnormality coefficient with a preset abnormality threshold to obtain an abnormality comparison result; Determine whether to adjust the protection threshold according to the abnormal comparison result, and obtain the adjustment determination result; A protection threshold adjustment coefficient is calculated according to the adjustment determination result, and the protection threshold of the low voltage protection circuit is adjusted according to the protection threshold adjustment coefficient to obtain an adjustment result.

6. A low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control system, characterized in that: The system includes: a voltage stabilizing diode, an NMOS tube, a PMOS tube, a capacitor and a plurality of resistors, wherein the plurality of resistors include a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a fourth resistor.

7. According to claim 6, a low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control system is characterized in that: The power input end is respectively connected to the power signal input ends of the first resistor and the second resistor and the source of the PMOS tube, the drain of the PMOS tube is connected to the power output end, and the gate of the PMOS tube is respectively connected to the drain of the NMOS tube and the power signal output end of the second resistor.

8. According to claim 6, a low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control system is characterized in that: The power signal output end of the first resistor is connected to the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected to the power signal input end of the third resistor and the gate of the NMOS tube, and the power signal output end of the third resistor is grounded.

9. The low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power signal input end of the capacitor is connected to the power signal input end of the third resistor, and the power signal output end of the capacitor is connected to the power signal output end of the third resistor.

10. The low voltage protection circuit intelligent power supply control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power signal input end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the third resistor, the power signal input end of the capacitor, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode and the gate of the NMOS tube.

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