Supporting structure based on complex mountain building and construction method

Abstract

A supporting structure based on a complex mountain building is arranged between a mountain and a building and comprises a supporting structure body used for resisting pressure of the mountain, the supporting structure body is separated from the building, and a drainage system is arranged between the supporting structure body and the building. The supporting structure comprises concrete cast-in-place piles a, inter-pile jet grouting piles b, permanent anchor cables c, and sprayed concrete e between concrete top beams d and the cast-in-place piles. A local concrete reverse edge a, a building inner brick wall b, a building waterproof layer c and a building outer brick wall d are arranged on the side, close to a supporting structure, of the building. The drainage system is provided with a coarse sand water filtering layer f, reverse filtering geotechnical cloth e, a concrete prefabricated cover plate d with holes in the upper portion, a concrete blind ditch c, a 100-thick concrete cushion layer b and backfill compacted clay a from top to bottom layer by layer. The stability and waterproof performance of the mountain building are improved, the construction difficulty and cost are reduced, and the structure is more reasonable and economical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mountain building structures, and in particular to a supporting structure and a construction method based on complex mountain buildings. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of urbanization, urban development is no longer limited to plains, and there are more and more mountain buildings. Generally, mountain buildings are adjacent to the mountain on one side and the road on the other side. The embedded end of the mountain building is generally at the elevation of the road side. Conventionally, mountain buildings generally have reinforced concrete side walls on the mountain side to resist the water pressure or soil and water pressure of the mountain behind. This will cause uneven mass and stiffness of the structure on the upper floors of the embedded end, resulting in excessive structural torsion, which generally exceeds the specification limit requirements. At this time, a design method is needed to eliminate the uneven mass and stiffness of the structure.

[0003] In the construction process of complex mountain buildings, the design of support structures and drainage systems is crucial. Due to the complex mountain terrain and changeable geological conditions, buildings often face water and soil pressure from the side walls of the mountain, as well as the infiltration of surface water and groundwater during construction and use. If these problems are not handled properly, they will pose a serious threat to the stability and safety of the building. Traditional support structures often only focus on resisting the water and soil pressure on the side walls of the mountain, while ignoring the importance of the drainage system. However, in mountain buildings, the effectiveness of the drainage system is directly related to the waterproof performance and durability of the building. If the drainage system is not smooth, water will accumulate around the building, which will cause a series of problems such as landslides and foundation settlement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a supporting structure and a construction method based on complex mountain buildings to solve the technical problems pointed out in the background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings, arranged between the mountain and the building, comprising a supporting structure for resisting the pressure of the mountain, the supporting structure being detached from the building, and a drainage system being arranged between the supporting structure and the building;

[0007] The support structure includes concrete cast-in-place piles a, jet-jet piles b between piles, permanent anchor cables c, concrete cap beams d and shotcrete e between cast-in-place piles;

[0008] The building is provided with a local concrete reverse edge a, an inner brick wall b, a building waterproof layer c, and an outer brick wall d on one side of the supporting structure;

[0009] The drainage system is provided with a coarse sand filter layer f, a reverse filter geotextile e, a prefabricated cover plate d with holes on the concrete top, a concrete ditch c, a 100mm thick concrete cushion layer b, and backfill compacted clay a layer from top to bottom.

[0010] A construction method for a supporting structure based on a complex mountain building comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1. construct the support structure;

[0012] S2. construct the said building;

[0013] S3. Construct the drainage system.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the support structure is a permanent support, and the construction steps are as follows:

[0015] a. Mountain leveling: Before constructing concrete pile a, first level the mountain to ensure that the construction conditions of concrete pile a are met;

[0016] b. Construction of concrete bored piles: After the mountain is leveled, concrete bored piles are constructed;

[0017] c. Construction of jet grouting piles between piles: construct jet grouting piles b between piles behind concrete cast-in-place piles a to meet water-stopping requirements;

[0018] d. Construction of concrete crown beam: Concrete crown beam d is constructed on the top of concrete cast-in-place pile a. The next step of construction can be carried out only after the above components reach the design strength;

[0019] e. Mountain excavation and permanent anchor cable construction: excavate the mountain on one side of the building. When the excavation reaches the construction elevation of the permanent anchor cable c, construct the permanent anchor cable c, and so on, gradually excavate to the design elevation;

[0020] f. Setting of shotcrete and steel mesh: After excavation is completed, shotcrete is set between the cast-in-place piles, and a steel mesh of 8@200×200 is hung on the shotcrete. The steel bars need to be implanted in the concrete cast-in-place piles a;

[0021] g. Water-stopping measures: The jet-jet piles b and shotcrete e between piles both have water-stopping functions and together constitute the water-stopping system of the supporting structure.

[0022] Furthermore, after the construction of the supporting structure is completed, the construction of the building begins. The building is constructed on one side of the supporting structure without providing a full-height reinforced concrete side wall.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2, a local concrete counter edge a is provided on one side of the supporting structure of the building to resist the water and soil pressure generated by the drainage system. The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0024] a. Construction of local concrete reverse edge: On the side of the building adjacent to the supporting structure, the height of the local concrete reverse edge a is determined according to the length of the building, and the height is 1m to 2m, and the construction of the local concrete reverse edge a is carried out;

[0025] b. Construction of building waterproof layer: After the construction of local concrete reverse side a is completed, the building waterproof layer c is constructed within the height range of the local concrete reverse side a to ensure the waterproof performance of the building;

[0026] c. Construction of external brick walls: After the construction of the building waterproof layer c is completed, the construction of the external brick walls d is carried out to form the external structure of the building;

[0027] d. After the drainage system construction is completed, start building the remaining internal brick walls b, construct the building waterproof layer c and build the remaining external brick walls d.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S3, after the local concrete back edge a is constructed, a drainage system is constructed. The construction steps of the drainage system are as follows:

[0029] a. Determine the highest point elevation of the backfill compacted clay construction: Determine the highest point elevation of the backfill compacted clay construction according to the length of the building, the slope, and the elevation of the water collection well;

[0030] b. Backfill and compact clay construction: backfill and compact clay a according to the determined highest point elevation;

[0031] c. Construction of concrete cushion layer and concrete culvert: On top of the backfilled and compacted clay a, construct a 100mm thick concrete cushion layer b and concrete culvert c in sequence;

[0032] d. Construction of prefabricated concrete cover plate, anti-filter geotextile and coarse sand filter layer: After the concrete culvert c reaches the designed strength, cover it with prefabricated concrete cover plate d, lay anti-filter geotextile e, and backfill the coarse sand filter layer f;

[0033] e. Operation of drainage system: The drainage system is used to collect seepage water from the supporting structure. The seepage water is filtered through the coarse sand filter layer f and the anti-filtration geotextile e, flows into the concrete culvert c along the oblong holes on the precast concrete cover plate d, and is finally discharged into the collection well, which is connected to the external drainage system.

[0034] Furthermore, the building is provided with a concrete outwardly projecting floating slab e at the same elevation as the road, and a seismic joint is provided between the concrete outwardly projecting floating slab e and the concrete crown beam c in the supporting structure.

[0035] Furthermore, drainage ditches a are set on both sides of the road to collect and drain rainwater from the road and the mountain.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The invention sets a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings, which is composed of concrete cast-in-place piles, inter-pile jet piles, permanent anchor cables, concrete crown beams and shotcrete, and sets an efficient drainage system between the buildings to optimize the support and waterproof performance, while avoiding the setting of heavy reinforced concrete side walls, thereby eliminating the unevenness of structural mass and rigidity, reducing the torsion effect of the building, and improving the structural safety. Its beneficial effects are that the stability and waterproof performance of mountain buildings are improved, the construction difficulty and cost are reduced, and the structure is more reasonable and economical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural plane diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural cross section of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drainage system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a detailed view of the components of the drainage system 3c and 3d of the present invention.

[0043] Figure numerals: support structure (1), building (2), drainage system (3), water collection well (4), road (5), mountain (6); concrete cast-in-place piles (1a), jet-jet piles between piles (1b), concrete cap beams (1c), permanent anchor cables (1d); concrete reverse edge (2a), brick wall inside the building (2b), building waterproof layer (2c), brick wall outside the building (2d), building extended floating plate (2e); backfill compacted clay (3a), 100mm thick concrete cushion layer (3b), concrete culvert (3c), prefabricated cover plate with holes on the concrete (3d), anti-filtration geotextile (3e), coarse sand filter layer (3f). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0048] like Figure 1-4 As shown,

[0049] Support structure composition

[0050] The support structure 1 is arranged between the mountain 6 and the building 2, and mainly includes cast-in-place concrete piles 1a, jet-jet piles 1b between piles, permanent anchor cables 1c, concrete cap beams 1d and shotcrete 1e between cast-in-place piles. These components together form a stable support system with water-stopping function.

[0051] Construction method

[0052] (1) Mountain leveling: Before constructing the cast-in-place concrete piles 1a, the mountain 6 is first leveled to ensure that the construction conditions for the cast-in-place concrete piles 1a are met.

[0053] (2) Construction of cast-in-place concrete piles: After the mountain 6 is leveled, cast-in-place concrete piles 1a are constructed as the main load-bearing components of the support structure.

[0054] (3) Construction of jet grouting piles between piles: Jet grouting piles 1b between piles are constructed behind the concrete cast-in-place piles 1a to meet the water-stopping requirements and enhance the waterproof performance of the supporting structure.

[0055] (4) Construction of concrete cap beam: Concrete cap beam 1d is constructed on the top of concrete cast-in-place pile 1a to connect the cast-in-place piles to form an overall stable support structure. The next step of construction can be carried out only after the above components reach the design strength.

[0056] (5) Mountain excavation and permanent anchor cable construction: excavate the mountain 6 on one side of the building 2. When the excavation reaches the construction elevation of the permanent anchor cable 1c, the permanent anchor cable 1c is constructed to further strengthen the support structure. And so on, gradually excavate to the design elevation.

[0057] (6) Shotcrete and steel mesh setting: After excavation is completed, shotcrete 1e is set between the cast-in-place piles, and a steel mesh of 8@200×200 is hung on the shotcrete. The steel bars need to be implanted in the concrete cast-in-place piles 1a to enhance the overall stability of the support structure.

[0058] (7) Water-stopping measures: The jet-jet piles 1b and shotcrete 1e between the piles have a water-stopping effect and together constitute a water-stopping system for the supporting structure, ensuring that the supporting structure can effectively resist water seepage from the mountain 6 during the construction process and within the service life of the building.

[0059] 2. Building Construction

[0060] Building composition

[0061] The building 2 is provided with a local concrete reverse edge 2a, an inner brick wall 2b, a waterproof layer 2c, and an outer brick wall 2d on the side of the supporting structure. These components together constitute the main structure of the building and provide waterproof and stable performance.

[0062] Construction method

[0063] (1) Construction of local concrete counter edge: On the side of the building 2 adjacent to the supporting structure 1, the height of the local concrete counter edge 2a (generally 1m to 2m) is determined according to the length of the building and construction is carried out. The local concrete counter edge 2a is used to resist the water and soil pressure generated by the drainage system 3 and improve the stability of the building.

[0064] (2) Construction of building waterproof layer: After the construction of the local concrete reverse edge 2a is completed, the building waterproof layer 2c is constructed within the height range of the local concrete reverse edge 2a to ensure the waterproof performance of the building.

[0065] (3) Construction of exterior brick walls: After the construction of the building waterproof layer 2c is completed, the construction of the exterior brick walls 2d is carried out to form the external structure of the building.

[0066] (4) After the construction of the drainage system 3 is completed, the remaining inner brick walls 2b of the building are constructed, and the remaining waterproofing layer and the remaining outer brick walls 2d of the building are constructed.

[0067] 3. Drainage system construction

[0068] Drainage system components

[0069] The drainage system 3 is composed of coarse sand filter layer 3f, anti-filter geotextile 3e, prefabricated cover plate with holes on concrete 3d, concrete culvert 3c, 100mm thick concrete cushion layer 3b, and backfill compacted clay 3a. These components together form a complete and efficient drainage system.

[0070] Construction method

[0071] (1) Determine the highest point elevation of the backfill compacted clay construction: Determine the highest point elevation of the backfill compacted clay 3a construction based on the building length, slope (generally 0.5% to 1%) and the elevation of the water collection well 4.

[0072] (2) Backfill and compact clay construction: Backfill and compact clay 3a construction is carried out according to the determined highest point elevation to ensure the stability of the base layer of the drainage system.

[0073] (3) Construction of concrete cushion layer and concrete culvert: On top of the backfilled compacted clay 3a, a 100mm thick concrete cushion layer 3b and a concrete culvert 3c are constructed in sequence. The concrete culvert 3c is the main channel of the drainage system, used to collect and discharge seepage water.

[0074] (4) Construction of precast concrete cover plate, anti-filter geotextile and coarse sand filter layer: After the concrete culvert 3c reaches the designed strength, the precast concrete cover plate 3d is covered, the anti-filter geotextile 3e is laid, and the coarse sand filter layer 3f is backfilled. The anti-filter geotextile 3e and the coarse sand filter layer 3f work together to filter and prevent impurities from clogging the drainage system.

[0075] (5) Operation of drainage system: The drainage system 3 is used to collect the seepage water of the supporting structure 1. The seepage water is filtered through the coarse sand filter layer 3f and the anti-filtration geotextile 3e, flows into the concrete culvert 3c along the oblong holes on the prefabricated concrete cover plate 3d, and finally discharged into the water collection well 4. The water collection well 4 is connected to the external drainage system to ensure that the seepage water can be smoothly discharged from the outside of the building.

[0076] 4. Other structural measures

[0077] Building 2 is provided with a concrete overhanging floating plate 2e at the same elevation as road 5 as an external decoration and protection component of the building. At the same time, an anti-seismic joint is provided between the concrete overhanging floating plate 2e and the concrete crown beam 1c in the supporting structure 1 to reduce the impact of earthquakes on the building. The width of the anti-seismic joint shall not be less than the requirements in Article 6.1.4 of the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010) (2016 Edition).

[0078] Drainage ditches 5a are arranged on both sides of the road 5 to collect and drain rainwater from the road 5 and the mountain 6. The drainage ditches 5a are connected to the drainage system 3 to ensure that rainwater can be smoothly discharged from the outside of the building to avoid water accumulation from damaging the building and the road.

[0079] The invention sets a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings, which is composed of concrete cast-in-place piles, inter-pile jet piles, permanent anchor cables, concrete crown beams and shotcrete, and sets an efficient drainage system between the buildings to optimize the support and waterproof performance, while avoiding the setting of heavy reinforced concrete side walls, thereby eliminating the unevenness of structural mass and rigidity, reducing the torsion effect of the building, and improving the structural safety. Its beneficial effects are that the stability and waterproof performance of mountain buildings are improved, the construction difficulty and cost are reduced, and the structure is more reasonable and economical.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0081] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A support structure based on complex mountain buildings, arranged between a mountain (6) and a building (2), characterized in that: It comprises a supporting structure (1) for resisting the pressure of a mountain (6), the supporting structure (1) is separated from a building (2), and a drainage system (3) is arranged between the supporting structure (1) and the building (2); The support structure (1) comprises concrete cast-in-place piles (1a), jet-jet piles between piles (1b), permanent anchor cables (1c), concrete cap beams (1d) and shotcrete (1e) between cast-in-place piles; The building (2) is provided with a local concrete reverse edge (2a), an inner brick wall (2b), a waterproof layer (2c), and an outer brick wall (2d) on one side of the supporting structure; The drainage system (3) is provided with a coarse sand filter layer (3f), a reverse filter geotextile (3e), a prefabricated cover plate with holes on a concrete top (3d), a concrete culvert (3c), a 100-meter-thick concrete cushion layer (3b), and backfill compacted clay (3a) layered from top to bottom.

2. A construction method for a supporting structure of a complex mountain building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. constructing the support structure (1); S2. constructing the building (2); S3. Construct the drainage system (3).

3. A construction method for a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the support structure (1) is a permanent support, and its construction steps are as follows: a. Mountain leveling: Before constructing the concrete piles (1a), first level the mountain (6) to ensure that the construction conditions of the concrete piles (1a) are met; b. Construction of cast-in-place concrete piles: After the mountain (6) is leveled, the cast-in-place concrete piles (1a) are constructed; c. Construction of jet grouting piles between piles: Jet grouting piles (1b) between piles are constructed on the rear side of the concrete cast-in-place piles (1a) to meet the water-stopping requirements; d. Construction of concrete cap beam: Construct a concrete cap beam (1d) on the top of the concrete cast-in-place pile (1a). The next step of construction can be carried out only after the above components reach the designed strength; e. Mountain excavation and permanent anchor cable construction: excavate the mountain (6) on one side of the building (2). When the excavation reaches the construction elevation of the permanent anchor cable (1c), construct the permanent anchor cable (1c), and so on, gradually excavate to the design elevation; f. Shotcrete and steel mesh installation: After excavation is completed, shotcrete is installed between the cast-in-place piles, and a steel mesh of 8@200×200 is hung on the shotcrete. The steel bars need to be embedded in the concrete cast-in-place piles (1a); g. Water-stopping measures: The jet-jet piles (1b) and shotcrete (1e) between piles both have a water-stopping effect and together constitute the water-stopping system of the supporting structure.

4. The construction method of a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings according to claim 3 is characterized in that: After the construction of the supporting structure (1) is completed, the construction of the building (2) begins. The building (2) is constructed on one side of the supporting structure (1) without providing a full-height reinforced concrete side wall.

5. The construction method of a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S2, a local concrete counter edge (2a) is provided on one side of the supporting structure (1) of the building (2) to resist the water and soil pressure generated by the drainage system (3). The specific construction steps are as follows: a. Construction of local concrete reverse edge: On the side of the building (2) adjacent to the supporting structure (1), the height of the local concrete reverse edge (2a) is determined according to the length of the building, and the height is 1m to 2m, and the construction of the local concrete reverse edge (2a) is carried out; b. Construction of building waterproof layer: After the construction of the local concrete reverse side (2a) is completed, the building waterproof layer (2c) is constructed within the height range of the local concrete reverse side (2a) to ensure the waterproof performance of the building; c. Construction of exterior brick walls: After the construction of the building waterproof layer (2c) is completed, the construction of the exterior brick walls (2d) is carried out to form the external structure of the building; d. After the construction of the drainage system (3) is completed, the remaining interior brick walls (2b) of the building, the construction of the building waterproofing layer (2c) and the remaining exterior brick walls (2d) of the building are started.

6. A construction method for a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, after the local concrete reverse edge (2a) is constructed, the drainage system (3) is constructed. The construction steps of the drainage system (3) are as follows: a. Determine the highest elevation of the backfill compacted clay construction: According to the building length, slope, and elevation of the sump (4), determine the highest elevation of the backfill compacted clay (3a) construction; b. Backfill and compact clay construction: backfill and compact clay (3a) according to the determined highest point elevation; c. Construction of concrete cushion and concrete culvert: On top of the backfill compacted clay (3a), a 100mm thick concrete cushion (3b) and a concrete culvert (3c) are constructed in sequence; d. Construction of precast concrete cover plate, anti-filter geotextile and coarse sand filter layer: After the concrete culvert (3c) reaches the designed strength, cover it with precast concrete cover plate (3d), lay anti-filter geotextile (3e), and backfill the coarse sand filter layer (3f); e. Operation of the drainage system: The drainage system (3) is used to collect the seepage water of the supporting structure (1). The seepage water is filtered through the coarse sand filter layer (3f) and the anti-filtration geotextile (3e), flows into the concrete culvert (3c) along the oblong holes on the prefabricated concrete cover plate (3d), and finally discharged into the water collection well (4). The water collection well (4) is connected to the external drainage system.

7. A construction method for a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The building (2) is provided with a concrete outwardly projecting floating slab (2e) at the same elevation as the road (5), and an anti-seismic joint is provided between the concrete outwardly projecting floating slab (2e) and the concrete crown beam (1c) in the supporting structure (1).

8. The construction method of a supporting structure based on complex mountain buildings according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Drainage ditches (5a) are arranged on both sides of the road (5) to collect and drain rainwater from the road (5) and the mountain (6).

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