Photovoltaic shed frame integrated multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system and sprinkling irrigation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic shed frame integrated multifunctional sprinkling irrigation system and a sprinkling irrigation method. A shed frame unit comprises a rigid bracket for bearing a photovoltaic panel, a sunshade net and a rotary spraying nozzle; the multifunctional sprinkling irrigation unit comprises a rotary spraying nozzle, a partition electromagnetic valve, a main water supply pipe, a functional electromagnetic valve, a water pump and a water pool which are sequentially connected through pipelines at all levels; the intelligent control unit comprises a system control center which is used for receiving the collected data and then sending out corresponding instructions to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention and control and atomization cooling. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1, integration of the photovoltaic support and the sprinkling irrigation support is realized; 2, the construction cost and the maintenance cost of related agricultural facility equipment systems are greatly reduced; intermittent sprinkling irrigation is achieved, and sprinkling irrigation uniformity and water utilization efficiency of slope sprinkling irrigation are improved; and 4, crop microclimate adjustment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic agriculture, and in particular to a multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic shed and a sprinkler irrigation method based on the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system. Background Art

[0002] In the past decade, my country's photovoltaic industry has shown explosive development. In the central and eastern regions, land resources for photovoltaic power station construction are becoming increasingly scarce, and the use of agricultural land to build photovoltaic power stations has received more and more attention. When building photovoltaic power stations on agricultural land, photovoltaic power generation equipment and agricultural production facilities should be highly integrated and should not affect crop growth and normal farming operations. Using agricultural facilities and equipment to regulate the microclimate environment for crop growth is an important measure to improve agricultural production, and installing agricultural facilities and equipment with the help of photovoltaic brackets can reduce the initial installation cost of agricultural facilities. Agricultural sprinkler systems are an important type of agricultural facility equipment and have been widely used in modern facility agriculture.

[0003] Some patents for sprinkler irrigation systems that combine photovoltaic power generation with modern agricultural facilities have been authorized, such as "Photovoltaic agricultural greenhouse drip irrigation and sprinkler fertilization integrated device" (patent number: 201420464599.X), "A photovoltaic agricultural sprinkler irrigation and power generation device" (patent number: 201420040231.0) and "A photovoltaic agricultural intelligent irrigation device" (patent number: 202220789314.4).

[0004] However, the existing sprinkler irrigation systems used in photovoltaic agriculture have the following deficiencies or defects: 1. The photovoltaic bracket and the sprinkler irrigation system bracket are poorly integrated, and the frame support function provided by the photovoltaic bracket is not fully utilized. 2. Lack of multi-functionality and poor ability to regulate the microclimate environment for crop growth. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trellis-integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system based on photovoltaic agriculture and its control method, which can meet the water and fertilizer needs of crops under photovoltaic panels, improve the microclimate environment for crop growth and development, and reduce the investment cost of agricultural facilities by utilizing the framework support function provided by photovoltaic brackets.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic scaffold, a scaffold unit, which includes a rigid bracket carrying a photovoltaic panel, a sunshade net and a rotary spray nozzle, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed above the sunshade net, and the rotary spray nozzle is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel and the sunshade net, together forming a functionally coordinated and unified whole; a multifunctional sprinkler irrigation unit, which includes a rotary spray nozzle, a partition solenoid valve, a main water supply pipe, a functional solenoid valve, a water pump and a water tank connected in sequence through pipelines at various levels, the tank area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas, the partition solenoid valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the small irrigation areas, and merge into the main water supply pipe for connection, the functional solenoid valve is arranged on at least one branch road, and the water-fertilizer integrated machine is connected to the branch road after being combined with a flow meter; an intelligent control unit, including an upper soil moisture sensor, a middle soil moisture sensor, a lower soil moisture sensor for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor for collecting environmental data, all of which are connected to a system control center, and the system control center is used to issue corresponding instructions after receiving the collected data to complete intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm, a water level meter, a power management module, a wireless communication module, a large display screen and a mobile control terminal connected to the system control center; the temperature alarm and the water level meter are used to monitor the abnormal signals of the water pump temperature and the water level of the pool respectively, and upload them to the system control center; the wireless communication module is used to exchange signals between the system control center and the mobile control terminal; the power management module is connected to the electrical equipment, and is used to receive the execution protection signal of the system control center, which can force the faulty equipment to shut down; the large display screen is used to display the real-time monitored signals.

[0008] Preferably, the functional solenoid valves are respectively arranged on the parallel fertilization branch and the irrigation branch, the fertilization branch includes a water-fertilizer integrated machine and a flow meter arranged in sequence, and the flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the branch, the water-fertilizer integrated machine can be started after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0009] Preferably, the scaffolding unit also includes a rigid support, a steel cable fixing column, a pressure-bearing steel cable, a photovoltaic panel, a tertiary branch pipe, a secondary branch pipe and a primary branch pipe; the pressure-bearing steel cable is arranged transversely and spaced apart from the rigid support, and both ends of the pressure-bearing steel cable are fixed to the rigid support through the steel cable fixing column; the photovoltaic panel is arranged above the pressure-bearing steel cable, the tertiary branch pipe is arranged below the pressure-bearing steel cable, and the rotary spray nozzle is arranged below the tertiary branch pipe and is connected; the secondary branch pipe is arranged on one side of each of the tertiary branches and is connected, and the secondary branch pipe is longitudinally arranged on the rigid support along the arrangement direction of the tertiary branches; the primary branch pipe is connected to the main water supply pipe via a partition solenoid valve, and the water flows through the main water supply pipe, the partition solenoid valve, the primary branch pipe, the secondary branch pipe, and the tertiary branch pipe in turn, and is sprayed out through the rotary spray nozzle.

[0010] Preferably, the scaffolding unit includes an H-shaped steel beam, a U-shaped clip, an H-shaped steel column, an internal support type fixed pipe clamp, an angle steel connection, a clamp and a cable tie; the H-shaped steel beam and the H-shaped steel column are respectively used to support the primary branch pipe and the secondary branch pipe of the sprinkler irrigation system, and the connection between the two is fixed by an angle steel connection; the tertiary branch pipe is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable by a clamp or a cable tie, and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle after punching; the secondary branch pipe is concealedly fixed along the H-shaped steel beam of the rigid bracket by the U-shaped clip; the primary branch pipe is arranged by attaching to the H-shaped steel column through the internal support type fixed pipe clamp.

[0011] The present invention also provides a solution for a multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrated with a photovoltaic trellis. Specifically, it includes building an integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system as claimed in the rights, and also includes the following steps: the system control center presets the sprinkler irrigation start conditions; the data acquisition module collects the environment and soil data in real time and transmits it to the system control center, and the system control center determines whether the start conditions are met based on the current data analysis; according to the different start conditions met, the system control center sends corresponding instructions, and the control system starts intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention and control or spray cooling; the safety module monitors the system operation status in real time and identifies abnormal fault signals; the system control center receives the abnormal fault signal and sends corresponding protection instructions to the power management module to execute the disconnection of the faulty equipment.

[0012] Preferably, starting the intermittent sprinkler irrigation includes the following steps: dividing the soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel into a characteristic surface layer, a typical layer and a characteristic deep layer according to depth from shallow to deep, and monitoring the soil moisture of each layer by an upper soil moisture sensor, a middle soil moisture sensor and a lower soil special soil moisture sensor respectively; when sprinkler irrigation starts, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer is close to saturation, the system control center issues an order to stop sprinkler irrigation; after a period of time, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer is lower than the set value, and the humidity data of the typical layer is lower than expected, the system control center issues an order to restart the sprinkler irrigation system to repeat the above process until the data of the typical layer shows that the crops have been fully irrigated.

[0013] Preferably, the intermittent sprinkler irrigation has the function of integrated water and fertilizer spraying, including the following steps: the fertilization branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located is connected in parallel with the irrigation pipeline; when irrigation is required, the functional solenoid valve of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located is controlled to be closed, while the functional solenoid valve of the other parallel branch is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area; when fertilization is required, the functional solenoid valve of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located is controlled to be opened, while the functional solenoid valve of the other parallel branch is closed, and the water flows through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine is located, and when the flow rate measured by the flowmeter reaches the set requirement, the integrated water and fertilizer machine is started, and fertilizer is evenly injected into the pipeline, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0014] Preferably, starting the frost prevention and control work includes the following steps: the system control center accesses external weather forecast data through a wireless communication module; when the system control center determines that there is a high risk of frost occurrence based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensors, protective irrigation is started; the duration of each sprinkler irrigation is in accordance with the system preset duration; after each sprinkler irrigation, the system control center determines whether the allowable irrigation limit is exceeded based on the soil moisture sensor detection data, and if so, irrigation is terminated; if not, the system control center determines whether the preset temperature rise standard is reached based on the air temperature sensor detection data, and if not, sprinkler irrigation is performed again according to the system preset duration, and if so, sprinkler irrigation is terminated.

[0015] Preferably, starting the spray cooling work includes the following steps: when the system control center determines that there is a high temperature risk based on the collected weather data, the water pump is started to spray water; the duration and interval time of multiple rounds of spraying are in accordance with the preset values ​​of the system control center; at the same time, the system control center adjusts the working water head of the water pump or closes the partition solenoid valves of some small irrigation areas, at which time the water droplets sprayed by the rotary spray nozzle are tiny and mist-like; the system control center closes the partition solenoid valves of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling, and opens the partition solenoid valves of the small irrigation areas that have not been sprayed to continue spraying water for cooling; when the detection data feedback shows that the cooling target is achieved, the system control center ends the sprinkler irrigation work.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: first, the water supply pipeline and the inverted nozzle of the sprinkler system are arranged based on the photovoltaic power generation bracket to realize the integration of the photovoltaic bracket and the sprinkler bracket; second, the functions of sprinkler fertilization, frost prevention and control, and atomization cooling are integrated, so that one system can complete multiple agricultural tasks, greatly reducing the construction cost and maintenance cost of related agricultural facilities and equipment systems; third, when the system control center receives information such as soil moisture from the soil moisture sensor, it will automatically determine whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization are met according to the program, and send corresponding instructions to realize intermittent sprinkler irrigation, improve the sprinkler irrigation uniformity and water utilization efficiency of slope sprinkler irrigation, and avoid the formation of surface runoff and the induction of soil and water loss; fourth, the crop microclimate regulation is realized, and the heating and spray cooling of the irrigation area are realized by coordinating the gathering and unfolding of the shade net. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a general schematic diagram of the scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of irrigation sub-division; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the method of combining the sprinkler system pipe and the rigid support; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combination method of the tertiary branch pipe and the pressure-bearing steel cable; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of soil moisture sensor arrangement; Figure 6 It is the logic diagram of intermittent sprinkler operation of sprinkler system; Figure 7 It is the working process diagram of intermittent sprinkler irrigation system; Figure 8 It is the work flow chart of frost prevention in sprinkler irrigation system; Fig. 9 This is the spray cooling workflow diagram of the sprinkler irrigation system; Fig.10 It is a sprinkler system warning processing flow chart.

[0018] Among them: 1 is a rigid bracket; 2 is a steel cable fixing column; 3 is a pressure-bearing steel cable; 4 is a photovoltaic panel; 5 is a sunshade net; 6 is a rotary spray nozzle; 7 is a tertiary branch pipe; 8 is a secondary branch pipe; 9 is a primary branch pipe; 10 is an H-shaped steel beam; 11 is a U-shaped buckle; 12 is an H-shaped steel column; 13 is an internal support type fixed pipe clamp; 14 is an angle steel connection; 15 is a clamp; 16 is a cable tie; 17 is an upper soil moisture sensor; 18 is a middle soil moisture sensor; 19 is a lower soil moisture sensor; 20 is a partition solenoid valve; 21 is a main water supply pipe; 22 is a functional solenoid valve; 23 is a water-fertilizer integrated machine; 24 is a flow meter; 25 is a water pump; 26 is a water tank; 27 is a temperature alarm; 28 is a water level measuring instrument; 29 is a power management module; 30 is a system control center; 31 is a wireless communication module; 32 is a large display screen; 33 is a mobile control terminal; 34 is an air temperature sensor; A is the characteristic surface layer, B is the typical layer; C is the characteristic deep layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the following Figures 1 to 10 It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described in this specification are only for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Example

[0020] Reference Figure 1-10As shown in the diagram, this embodiment proposes a multifunctional sprinkler system integrated with a photovoltaic trellis. Specifically, the system includes an integrated photovoltaic trellis (i.e., a trellis unit), a multifunctional sprinkler unit, and an intelligent control unit. The trellis unit is used for the integrated construction of photovoltaic, sprinkler pipe network, and sunshade. The multifunctional sprinkler unit is used to achieve intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling. The intelligent control unit is used to control the operation of the entire system. Further, the trellis unit includes a rigid bracket 1 that carries a photovoltaic panel 4, a sunshade net 5, and a rotary spray nozzle 6, wherein the photovoltaic panel 4 is installed above the sunshade net 5, and the rotary spray nozzle 6 is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the sunshade net 5, together forming a functionally coordinated and unified whole. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation unit includes a rotary spray nozzle 6, a partition electromagnetic valve 20, a main water supply pipe 21, a functional electromagnetic valve 22, a water pump 25 and a water tank 26 connected in sequence through pipelines at various levels. The tank area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas. The partition electromagnetic valves 20 are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the small irrigation areas and merged into the main water supply pipe 21 for connection. The functional electromagnetic valve 22 is arranged on at least one branch road. The water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 is connected to the branch road after being combined with the flow meter 24. The intelligent control unit includes an upper soil moisture sensor 17, a middle soil moisture sensor 18, a lower soil moisture sensor 19 for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor 34 for collecting environmental data, all of which are connected to the system control center 30. The system control center 30 is used to issue corresponding instructions after receiving the collected data to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling.

[0021] It should be understood that the upper soil moisture sensor 17, the middle soil moisture sensor 18, the lower soil moisture sensor 19, and the air temperature sensor 34 for collecting environmental data serve as the data acquisition module of the system, and the system control center 30 serves as the control module of the irrigation intelligent control module, the frost control intelligent control module, the mist cooling intelligent control module and the system operation safety control module; wherein the data acquisition is to collect and monitor environmental data and system operation data; the irrigation intelligent control module, the frost control intelligent control module and the mist cooling intelligent control module are used to start intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost control or spray cooling, and the system operation safety control module is used to monitor the system operation status.

[0022] Furthermore, the functional solenoid valves 22 are respectively arranged on the parallel fertilization branch and the irrigation branch. The fertilization branch includes a water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 and a flow meter 24 arranged in sequence, and the flow meter 24 is used to detect the flow rate of the branch. The water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 can be started after the branch reaches the set flow rate, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0023] It should be noted that the sensors involved in this system are all existing sensors, and the system control center 30 is a control component, which is an existing mature control program, for example, it can be implemented by a microprogram control chip, a controller and a CPU. At the same time, its data reception and processing of the sensor, the control of the solenoid valve, and the control of each electronic component in the system are all existing technologies, which can be referred to the implicit disclosure and will not be described in detail here. It should also be understood that this scheme aims at the integration and multifunctionality of the overall system. It is proposed as an overall scheme and belongs to a combined innovation. It is not an improvement on a certain technology. Therefore, when judging the completeness of the disclosure of this scheme, it should not be aimed at the implementation of the existing control technology used in this application, which belongs to the referenced technology of this scheme, but should focus on the application and results of the control means.

[0024] The present embodiment also includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm 27, a water level meter 28, a power management module 29, a wireless communication module 31, a large display screen 22 and a mobile control terminal 33 connected to the system control center 30; the temperature alarm 27 and the water level meter 28 are used to monitor abnormal signals of the temperature of the water pump 25 and the water level of the water pool 26, respectively, and upload them to the system control center 30; the wireless communication module 31 is used to exchange signals between the system control center 30 and the mobile control terminal 33; the power management module 29 is connected to the electrical equipment to receive the execution protection signal of the system control center 30, which can force the faulty equipment to shut down; the large display screen 22 is used to display the real-time monitored signals.

[0025] Furthermore, the scaffolding unit further includes a steel cable fixing column 2, a pressure-bearing steel cable 3, a photovoltaic panel 4, an H-shaped steel beam 10, an H-shaped steel column 12, and an angle steel connection 14; the rigid support 1 includes a column and a beam, both of which are made of H-shaped steel, respectively referred to as an H-shaped steel beam 10 and an H-shaped steel column 12, and the column and the steel beam are respectively used to support the primary branch pipe 9 and the secondary branch pipe 8 of the sprinkler irrigation system, and the connection between the column and the beam is fixed by an angle steel connection 14, and the steel cable fixing column 2 is fixed on the rigid support 1 to fix the pressure-bearing steel cable 3, and the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 carries the photovoltaic panel 4 required for power generation and the tertiary branch pipe 7 of the hanging sprinkler irrigation system; The pressure-bearing steel cable 3 carries the rotary spray nozzle 6 and the tertiary branch pipe 7 for water supply. The tertiary branch pipe 7 is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 through a clamp 15 or a cable tie 16, and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle 6 after punching; the secondary branch pipe 8 is concealedly fixed along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 through a U-shaped buckle 11; the primary branch pipe 9 is arranged on the H-shaped steel column 12 through an internal support fixed pipe clamp 13.

[0026] In order to make it easier to understand the photovoltaic trellis integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system proposed in this embodiment, the operation of the technical solution is described in more detail here. The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system includes a sprinkler irrigation network and functional facilities and equipment. Among them, the sprinkler irrigation network includes a rotary spray nozzle 6, pipelines at various levels, a partitioned solenoid valve 20, a functional solenoid valve 22, a water pump 25, and a pool 26. The functional facilities and equipment include a sunshade net 5, a water and fertilizer integrated machine 23, and a flow meter 24. The rotary spray nozzle 6 is located below the photovoltaic panel 4 and above the sunshade net 5, and is used for water spray irrigation and foliar fertilizer spraying; the rotary spray nozzle 6 is higher than the sunshade net 5 by a certain distance, leaving a mist diffusion space for the nozzle to spray and cool down. The pipeline consists of a tertiary branch pipe 7, a secondary branch pipe 8, a primary branch pipe 9 and a main water supply pipe 21. The tertiary branch pipe 7 is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 through a clamp 15 and a tie 16, and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle 6 after drilling; the secondary branch pipe is concealedly fixed along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid support 1 through a U-shaped buckle 11; the primary branch pipe 9 is arranged by attaching the H-shaped steel column 12 through an internal support fixed pipe clamp 13; the main water supply pipe 21 can supply water to several irrigation zones at the same time. The zone solenoid valve 20 controls a corresponding irrigation zone respectively, and the functional solenoid valve 22 can realize the switching control of the simple irrigation mode and the liquid fertilizer application mode. The water pump 25 draws water from the pool and pumps it out at a set pressure value. The water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 measures the pipeline flow rate through a flow meter 24, and can start fertilizer injection when the water flow rate reaches the set value when necessary.

[0027] The system control center 30, the wireless communication module 31, the mobile control terminal 33, the water pump 25, and the soil moisture sensor, according to the data monitored by the soil moisture sensor, when it is determined that irrigation is needed, the irrigation system control center 30 selects a preset standard water pump head, and when the sunshade net 5 is folded, the rotary spray nozzle 6 performs intermittent sprinkler irrigation in the form of raindrop spraying. The intermittent sprinkler irrigation process is regulated based on the data transmitted back to the system control center 30 by the upper soil moisture sensor 17 of the characteristic surface layer A, the middle soil moisture sensor 18 of the typical layer B, and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 of the characteristic deep layer C. Through the wireless communication module 31, the soil moisture condition can be checked from the mobile control terminal 33, and the intermittent sprinkler irrigation can be remotely controlled.

[0028] The frost prevention and control work includes a system control center 30, a soil moisture sensor, an air temperature sensor 34, a wireless communication module 31, a mobile control terminal 33, a sunshade net 5, and a water pump 25. According to the meteorological forecast factor or the value of the air temperature sensor 34 accessed through the wireless communication module 31, the system control center 30 selects a preset standard water pump head when judging that there is a risk of frost damage in the area, and when the sunshade net 5 is closed, the rotary spray nozzle 6 sprays in a raindrop-like manner, and heats up the crop environment temperature through water cooling. When the sprinkler irrigation exceeds the allowable irrigation limit according to the soil moisture sensor detection data, the sprinkler irrigation is terminated. If the allowable irrigation limit is not exceeded, the sprinkler irrigation will end after the warming effect reaches the target. After the spraying is completed, the system control center 30 instructs the sunshade net 5 to unfold to hinder the heat exchange between the crop and the sky, and avoid the radiation cooling factor from aggravating the hypothermia and frost damage of the crop. Through the wireless communication module 31, the temperature change can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33, and the water spraying antifreeze can be remotely controlled.

[0029] The atomization cooling work includes the system control center 30, the air temperature sensor 34, the wireless communication module 31, the mobile control terminal 33, the sunshade net 5, and the water pump 25. According to the data monitored by the air temperature sensor 34, the system control center 30 determines whether spray cooling is needed. When the temperature in the area is too high and spray cooling is required, the system control center 30 selects a pre-set high water pump head, and when the sunshade net 5 is unfolded, the rotary spray nozzle 6 performs intermittent near-atomization spraying to achieve cooling of the irrigation area. The duration and interval of each round of spraying are according to the internal preset values ​​of the system control center 30. Through the wireless communication module 31, the temperature changes can be viewed from the mobile control terminal 33, and the near-atomization spraying can be remotely controlled.

[0030] The system operation safety work includes the system control center 30, power management module 29, wireless communication module 31, mobile control terminal 33, temperature alarm 27, water level meter 28, etc. The power management module 29 forces the corresponding equipment to shut down when the system control center 30 receives the pump over-temperature warning, fertilizer injection failure warning, etc. The wireless communication module 31 sends the warning received by the system control center 30 to the mobile control terminal 33, and enables the system control center 30 to accept the remote command of the mobile control terminal 33; the temperature alarm 27, water level meter 28, etc. respectively detect the pump temperature, pool water level, etc., to ensure that the system control center 30 receives the alarm information when an abnormality occurs, and displays the real-time monitoring information on the large display screen 32, so as to monitor the operation status of the entire system in real time and respond in time. Example

[0031] Based on the photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system proposed in Example 1, this embodiment proposes a photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method, which is implemented by relying on the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system. Figure 1-10 Specifically, the method includes building an integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system, and also includes the following steps: S1: The system control center 30 presets the sprinkler irrigation start condition; S1: The data acquisition module collects environmental and soil data in real time and transmits it to the system control center 30. The system control center 30 determines whether the start-up conditions are met based on the current data analysis; S3: According to the different starting conditions met, the system control center 30 sends corresponding instructions, and the control system starts intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention and control or spray cooling.

[0032] More specifically in this step, starting the intermittent sprinkler irrigation includes dividing the soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel 4 into a characteristic surface layer A, a typical layer B and a characteristic deep layer C according to depth from shallow to deep, and the soil moisture of each layer is monitored by an upper soil moisture sensor 17, a middle soil moisture sensor 18 and a lower soil special soil moisture sensor 19 respectively; when the sprinkler irrigation starts, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer A is close to saturation, the system control center 30 issues an order to stop the sprinkler irrigation; after a period of time, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer A is lower than the set value, and the humidity data of the typical layer B is lower than expected, the system control center 30 issues an order to restart the sprinkler irrigation; the system will repeat the above process until the data of the typical layer B shows that the crops have been fully irrigated.

[0033] Furthermore, starting intermittent sprinkler irrigation also includes the following steps: when the soil moisture data measured in the typical layer B has reached the expected level; after a certain period of time after the sprinkler irrigation ends, the system control center 30 determines whether the irrigation is excessive based on the soil moisture data of the typical layer B and the characteristic deep layer C; when it is determined that the irrigation is excessive, the corresponding parameters are adjusted to appropriately reduce the amount of water for the next irrigation.

[0034] Furthermore, the intermittent sprinkler irrigation has the function of integrated water and fertilizer spraying, including the following steps: the fertilization branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is connected in parallel with the irrigation pipeline; when irrigation is required, the functional solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is controlled to be closed, while the functional solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel branch is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area; when fertilization is required, the functional solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is controlled to be opened, while the functional solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel branch is closed, and the water flows through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located, and when the flow rate measured by the flow meter 24 reaches the set requirement, the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is started, and fertilizer is evenly injected into the pipeline, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

[0035] Furthermore, starting frost prevention work includes the following steps: the system control center 30 accesses external weather forecast data through the wireless communication module 31; when the system control center 30 determines that there is a high risk of frost occurrence based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensors 34, protective irrigation is started.

[0036] It should be noted that before the protective irrigation is started, the sunshade net 5 is first folded; after the irrigation is completed, the sunshade net 5 is unfolded again to slow down the heat loss of the crop by blocking the radiation heat transfer between the crop and the sky. At the same time, the frost prevention work is also started, and the duration of each sprinkler irrigation is in accordance with the system preset duration; after each sprinkler irrigation, the system control center 30 determines whether the allowable irrigation limit is exceeded based on the detection data of the soil moisture sensor 18, and if exceeded, the irrigation is terminated; if not exceeded, the system control center 30 determines whether the temperature rise preset standard is reached based on the detection data of the air temperature sensor 34, if not, sprinkler irrigation is restarted according to the system preset duration, and if so, sprinkler irrigation is terminated.

[0037] Furthermore, starting the spray cooling work includes the following steps. When the system control center 30 determines that there is a high temperature risk based on the collected weather data, the water pump 25 is started to spray water; the duration and interval time of multiple rounds of spraying are in accordance with the preset values ​​of the system control center 30; at the same time, the system control center 30 adjusts the working water head of the water pump 25 or closes the partition solenoid valves 20 of some small irrigation areas. At this time, the water droplets sprayed by the rotary spray nozzle 6 are tiny and mist-like; the system control center 30 closes the partition solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling, and opens the partition solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have not been sprayed to continue spraying water for cooling; when the detection data feedback shows that the cooling target is achieved, the system control center 30 ends the sprinkler irrigation work.

[0038] S4: The safety module monitors the system operation status in real time and identifies abnormal fault signals; S5: The system control center 30 receives the abnormal fault signal and sends a corresponding protection instruction to the power management module 29 to cut off the faulty device.

[0039] In order to fully understand the method of this embodiment, the system on which the method proposed in this embodiment relies and the implementation details are specifically described below.

[0040] More specifically, the method of this embodiment is implemented by relying on an integrated scaffolding support. The integrated scaffolding multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system has been internally optimized for the flexible photovoltaic support to reduce construction costs, improve system coordination and overall efficiency.

[0041] In the distribution space of the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system, the photovoltaic panel 4 is installed at a position of 0.5 to 1.0 meters above the sunshade net 5, and the rotary spray nozzle 6 is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the sunshade net 5, which together form a coordinated and unified whole. The pressure-bearing steel cable 3 carries the rotary spray nozzle 6 and the three-level branch pipe 7 for water supply, eliminating the investment in the construction of a special fixed bracket; the sunshade net 5 is more than 0.4 meters lower than the rotary spray nozzle 6, leaving a mist diffusion space for the nozzle to spray and cool down, while avoiding direct contact and stimulation of cold water on crops. The sunshade net 5 can also be unfolded after the frost prevention water spraying stage is over to hinder the radiation heat exchange of the net heat loss between the crop and the sky. The three-level branch pipe 7 is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable 3 through a clamp 15 or a tie 16, and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle 6 after drilling; the second-level branch pipe 8 is concealedly fixed along the H-shaped steel beam 10 of the rigid bracket 1 through a U-shaped buckle 11; the first-level branch pipe 9 is arranged by attaching the H-shaped steel column 12 through an internal support fixed pipe clamp 13. The entire pipe network system layout is practical and beautiful.

[0042] The intermittent irrigation function, frost prevention function and atomization cooling function proposed in this embodiment are described in detail, specifically: (1) Intermittent irrigation function In order to improve the applicability of the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system to slope land, an intermittent spraying strategy is used, combined with the selection and arrangement of the rotary spray nozzle 6, to improve the uniformity and water utilization efficiency of slope irrigation and avoid soil erosion.

[0043] The selection and arrangement of the rotary spray nozzles 6 should be based on the row spacing of the photovoltaic brackets and the arrangement spacing of the photovoltaic panels 4 to select the appropriate nozzle range. When the photovoltaic array distribution terrain is flat or gently sloping, the nozzle range can be 0.75 to 1 times the row spacing of the photovoltaic brackets, and a rectangular arrangement is adopted. When the photovoltaic array distribution terrain is a steep slope with a slope greater than 25°, the nozzle range should be appropriately increased on the basis of the above, and the rotary spray nozzles 6 in different rows should be arranged in a staggered manner. Regardless of the terrain slope, the spacing of the rotary spray nozzles 6 in the same row should be as close to the row spacing as possible.

[0044] Based on the allowable irrigation intensity of the land, the flow rate and operation time of the rotary spray nozzle 6 are designed. This sprinkler system achieves efficient and water-saving irrigation of the land through the following method. The soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel 4 is divided into three layers from shallow to deep according to the depth, namely the characteristic surface layer A close to the soil surface, the typical layer B where the crop roots are concentrated, and the characteristic deep layer C near the depth limit of the crop root distribution. The characteristic surface layer A is arranged with an upper soil moisture sensor 17; the typical layer B is arranged with a middle soil moisture sensor 18; the characteristic deep layer C is arranged with a lower soil moisture sensor 19. The soil moisture data measured by the upper soil moisture sensor 17, the middle soil moisture sensor 18, and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 are all uploaded to the system control center 30. After the sprinkler irrigation starts, when the upper soil moisture sensor 17 measures that the soil moisture of this layer is close to saturation, the system control center 30 issues an order to stop the sprinkler irrigation to avoid surface runoff and even soil loss. Then, when the soil moisture data uploaded by the upper soil moisture sensor 17 shows that the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer A of the soil surface is lower than the set value, and the moisture data uploaded by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 is lower than expected, that is, the crop still needs irrigation, the system control center 30 issues a command to restart the sprinkler irrigation. The system will repeat the above process until the data measured by the middle soil moisture sensor 18 of the typical layer B shows that the crop has been fully irrigated.

[0045] Since the soil infiltration process takes time, when the last sprinkler irrigation is finished, that is, the soil moisture data measured by the soil moisture sensor 18 in the typical layer B has reached the expected level, the humidity of the typical layer B may still continue to rise, and may even exceed the expected soil moisture range suitable for crop growth. The system control center 30 needs to determine whether the irrigation is excessive based on the soil moisture data of the middle soil moisture sensor 18 of the typical layer B and the lower soil moisture sensor 19 of the characteristic deep layer C after a certain period of time after the sprinkler irrigation ends. When excessive irrigation occurs, the corresponding parameters are adjusted to appropriately reduce the amount of water for the next irrigation, and finally achieve efficient water-saving irrigation in agriculture.

[0046] At the same time, the sprinkler irrigation system method has the function of integrated water and fertilizer spraying. Specifically, the system control center 30 determines whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization are met according to the environmental data measured by the soil moisture sensor 18 and the fertilization plan preset by the system, such as when the soil moisture is lower than 40% or the preset time for fertilization is reached. When the start condition is met, the system control center 30 starts the water pump 25, pumps out the water in the pool 26, and pumps it out at a predetermined water pressure. The integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is connected in parallel with a section of the main water supply pipe 21, and is controlled by a functional electromagnetic valve 22 respectively. When irrigation is required, the functional electromagnetic valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is closed, and the functional electromagnetic valve 22 of another parallel path is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area. When fertilization is required, the functional electromagnetic valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located is controlled to be opened, and the functional electromagnetic valve 22 of another parallel path is closed, and the water flows through the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter 24 reaches the set requirement, the water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 starts and evenly injects fertilizer into the pipeline. The water-fertilizer mixture will continue to flow to the irrigation area. The irrigation area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas by several partition solenoid valves 20. When each small irrigation area is watered or fertilized differently, the partition solenoid valves 20 corresponding to each small irrigation area are opened or closed as needed under the control of the system control center 30. Water or water-fertilizer mixture flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area, and driven by the water head, rises to a height close to that of the rigid support 1, and is finally sprayed out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary spray nozzle 6.

[0047] During or after the intermittent sprinkler irrigation, the wireless communication module 31 transmits the status parameters and sensor measurement parameters of the system control center 30 to the display screen 32 and the mobile control terminal 33 at a regular time, and transmits the instructions of the mobile control terminal 33 back to the system control center 30. The display screen 32 simultaneously displays environmental information such as soil moisture data and sprinkler irrigation data.

[0048] (2) Frost prevention function Late spring cold is a type of frost. Every spring is prone to late spring cold, which often causes severe frost damage to crops and causes significant economic losses. Water has a large specific heat capacity and releases a lot of heat when it is cooled. It also releases a lot of heat when it changes into frost. With this characteristic, irrigation can help slow down the temperature drop in the irrigation area and reduce the temperature drop in the irrigation area, thereby achieving the regulation of the microclimate in the irrigation area, thereby protecting crops and reducing frost losses. In addition, water droplets from top to bottom can also wash away some of the frost formed on the leaves of crops.

[0049] The system control center 30 accesses external weather forecast data through the wireless communication module 31. When the system control center 30 determines that there is a high risk of frost occurrence according to the environmental meteorological factors or the air temperature sensor 34, such as the lowest temperature at night is below 3°C, the water pump 25 is started for protective irrigation.

[0050] The water pump 25 draws water from the pool 26 and pumps it out at a predetermined water pressure, controlling the functional solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine 23 is located to close, while the functional solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel path is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area. The irrigation area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas by several partition solenoid valves 20. The system control center 30 opens or closes the partition solenoid valve 20 corresponding to the small irrigation area as required. The water flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area, and rises to a height close to that of the rigid support 1 under the drive of the water head, and is finally sprayed out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary spray nozzle 6.

[0051] The duration of each sprinkling irrigation is in accordance with the system preset duration. After each sprinkling irrigation, the system control center 30 determines whether the allowable irrigation limit is exceeded according to the detection data of the soil moisture sensor 18. If exceeded, the irrigation is terminated. If not exceeded, the system control center 30 then determines whether the preset temperature rise standard is reached according to the detection data of the air temperature sensor 34. If not, the sprinkling irrigation is restarted according to the system preset duration. If yes, the sprinkling irrigation is terminated.

[0052] Before protective irrigation is started, the sunshade net 5 is first retracted to allow the irrigation water with higher temperature to directly contact the crops, reduce the heat transfer process, and improve the heat utilization efficiency. After irrigation is completed, the sunshade net 5 is unfolded again to block the radiation heat transfer between the crops and the sky, slow down the heat loss rate of the crops, and play a role in reducing frost damage.

[0053] (3) Atomization cooling function The irrigation area controlled by the present scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system is divided into multiple irrigation areas by the partition solenoid valve 20. When the system control center 30 determines that there is a high temperature risk based on the data of the air temperature sensor 34, such as when the temperature is higher than 35°C, the water pump 25 is started to start irrigation. The water pump 25 draws the water out of the pool 26 and pumps it out at a predetermined higher water pressure, controls the functional solenoid valve 22 of the branch where the water-fertilizer integrated machine 23 is located to be closed, and the functional solenoid valve 22 of the other parallel path is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area. The system control center 30 opens or closes the partition solenoid valve 20 corresponding to the small irrigation area as required. The water flows into the primary branch pipe 9 of the small irrigation area, and rises to a height close to that of the rigid support 1 driven by the water head, and is finally sprayed out through the tertiary branch pipe 7 and the rotary spray nozzle 6.

[0054] The water sprayed by the rotary spray nozzle 6 under normal operating pressure is in the shape of raindrops. When the water pressure increases, the particle size of the water droplets sprayed by the rotary spray nozzle 6 gradually decreases to become mist. The system control center 30 reduces the irrigation area and the flow rate by adjusting the working water head of the water pump 25 or closing the partition solenoid valves 20 of some small irrigation areas, so that the water pressure exceeds the general working pressure of the nozzle but is still maintained at a reasonable level. Under this water pressure, the particle size of the water droplets sprayed by the rotary spray nozzle 6 is tiny, achieving a near-atomization effect. The atomized water droplets absorb heat and evaporate quickly, taking away a large amount of heat and suppressing the rising trend of the temperature in the irrigation area. When the spraying reaches an appropriate level, the system control center 30 closes the partition solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling, and opens the partition solenoid valves 20 of the small irrigation areas that have not yet been sprayed to spray water for cooling.

[0055] When the multifunctional sprinkler system performs atomization cooling operation, the sunshade net 5 of the irrigation area should be unfolded to prevent low-temperature water droplets from directly contacting the crops with higher temperatures and interfering with the normal physiological activities of the crops. At the same time, the unfolded sunshade net 5 can intercept part of the sunlight during the day to reduce the canopy temperature of the crops. The spraying is divided into multiple rounds, and the duration and interval of each round are in accordance with the preset values ​​of the system control center 30. When the cooling target is achieved according to the detection data of the air temperature sensor 34, the system control center 30 ends the sprinkler irrigation work.

[0056] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the water supply pipeline and inverted sprinkler of the sprinkler system are arranged on the photovoltaic power generation bracket, realizing the integration of the photovoltaic bracket and the sprinkler bracket, saving the cost of building the sprinkler system bracket, and greatly reducing the investment in the construction of the sprinkler system. The sprinkler system uses a set of pipelines to realize the automatic intelligent switching of the two spraying modes of raindrop spraying and near-atomization spraying, simplifying the structure, improving the utilization rate of facilities and equipment, and reducing construction investment and maintenance costs. The rotary spray nozzle is installed on the sunshade net, and the dust accumulated by the long-term operation of the sunshade net can be washed away by spraying. The water supply pipeline and sprinkler in the crop production area are arranged off the ground, which does not affect general farming operations, especially the normal operation of agricultural machinery such as harvesting and ridging.

[0057] The multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrates functions such as sprinkler fertilization, frost prevention and control, and atomization cooling, so that one system can complete multiple agricultural tasks, greatly reducing the construction and maintenance costs of related agricultural facilities and equipment systems. When the system control center of the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system receives information such as soil moisture from the soil moisture sensor, it will automatically determine whether the conditions for irrigation or fertilization are met according to the program, and send corresponding instructions to achieve intermittent sprinkler irrigation. Intermittent sprinkler irrigation and its matching nozzle arrangement scheme are conducive to improving the sprinkler irrigation uniformity and water utilization efficiency of slope sprinkler irrigation, while avoiding the formation of surface runoff and causing soil erosion.

[0058] The system control center of the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system can determine whether there is a risk of frost on the crops through meteorological forecast factors and temperature sensors, and can operate according to the set program to achieve crop microclimate regulation. When there is a risk of frost, the sunshade net is retracted, and the system control center starts the sprinkler irrigation function, using the physical property of water cooling to release a large amount of heat to keep the crop canopy temperature above zero degrees. The water droplets sprayed from the upper nozzle can also wash away the frost on some of the crop leaves, which has the effect of reducing frost damage. After the sprinkler irrigation process is completed, the sunshade net is unfolded to hinder the radiation heat exchange of the net heat loss between the crop and the sky, which is conducive to maintaining the frost prevention effect of sprinkler irrigation.

[0059] The system control center of the multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system can determine whether the crops are at risk of high temperature through air temperature sensors, and operate according to the set program to achieve crop microclimate regulation. When the temperature is higher than the suitable growth temperature for crops, the system control center increases the working head of the water pump or closes some of the partitioned solenoid valves to reduce the sprinkler irrigation area, increases the working pressure of the rotary sprinkler nozzle to enhance its atomization ability, that is, switches to a near-atomization spraying mode, and cooperates with the unfolded sunshade net to achieve spray cooling in the irrigation area.

[0060] As used in this application, the terms "component", "module", "system", etc. are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, which can be hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in operation. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to: a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, a thread in execution, a program, and / or a computer. As an example, an application running on a computing device and the computing device can both be components. One or more components can exist in a process and / or thread in execution, and a component can be located in a computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures thereon. These components can communicate in a local and / or remote process manner, such as according to a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from a component that interacts with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and / or interacts with other systems in a signal manner through a network such as the Internet).

[0061] It should also be understood that the present invention is described through implementation methods, and the embodiments are only clear and complete descriptions of the technical solutions proposed in the claims of the present invention, that is, explanations of the claims. Therefore, when judging whether the technical solutions recorded in the specification of the present invention are sufficiently disclosed, full consideration should be given to the core essence of the solutions defined by the claims. In the specification, there must be other technical problems that are not related to the core technical problems proposed in this embodiment. The corresponding technical features and technical solutions do not belong to the essence of this embodiment and are non-essential technical features. Therefore, they can be referred to as implicit disclosures. Those skilled in the art can fully implement them in combination with existing technologies and common knowledge. Therefore, there is no need to describe them in detail.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system integrated with a photovoltaic scaffold, characterized in that: include, A scaffolding unit, comprising a rigid support (1) carrying a photovoltaic panel (4), a sunshade net (5) and a rotary spray nozzle (6), wherein the photovoltaic panel (4) is installed above the sunshade net (5), and the rotary spray nozzle (6) is installed in the space between the photovoltaic panel (4) and the sunshade net (5), together forming a whole with coordinated and unified functions; A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation unit, comprising a rotary spray nozzle (6), a partitioned electromagnetic valve (20), a main water supply pipe (21), a functional electromagnetic valve (22), a water pump (25) and a water tank (26) connected in sequence through pipelines at various levels; the tank area is divided into an equal number of small irrigation areas; the partitioned electromagnetic valves (20) are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the small irrigation areas and are connected to the main water supply pipe (21); the functional electromagnetic valve (22) is arranged on at least one branch; and a water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) and a flow meter (24) are combined and connected to the branch; The intelligent control unit comprises an upper soil moisture sensor (17), a middle soil moisture sensor (18), a lower soil moisture sensor (19) for collecting soil data, and an air temperature sensor (34) for collecting environmental data, all of which are connected to a system control center (30). The system control center (30) is used to issue corresponding instructions after receiving the collected data to complete the actions of intermittent irrigation, frost prevention, and atomization cooling.

2. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a system operation safety unit, which includes a temperature alarm (27), a water level measuring instrument (28), a power management module (29), a wireless communication module (31), a large display screen (22) and a mobile control terminal (33) connected to the system control center (30); The temperature alarm (27) and the water level measuring instrument (28) are used to monitor and detect abnormal signals of the temperature of the water pump (25) and the water level of the water pool (26), respectively, and upload them to the system control center (30); The wireless communication module (31) is used for signal exchange between the system control center (30) and the mobile control terminal (33); The power management module (29) is connected to the power-consuming device and is used to receive the execution protection signal of the system control center (30), so as to force the faulty device to shut down; The large display screen (22) is used to display the signals monitored in real time.

3. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The functional electromagnetic valves (22) are respectively arranged on a fertilization branch and an irrigation branch connected in parallel, the fertilization branch comprises a water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) and a flow meter (24) arranged in sequence, and the flow meter (24) is used to detect the flow rate of the branch, the water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) can be started after the branch reaches a set flow rate, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

4. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The scaffolding unit further comprises a rigid support (1), a steel cable fixing column (2), a pressure-bearing steel cable (3), a photovoltaic panel (4), a tertiary branch pipe (7), a secondary branch pipe (8) and a primary branch pipe (9); The pressure-bearing steel cables (3) are arranged laterally and spaced apart from the rigid support (1), and both ends of the pressure-bearing steel cables (3) are fixed to the rigid support (1) via the steel cable fixing columns (2); The photovoltaic panel (4) is arranged above the pressure-bearing steel cable (3), the tertiary branch pipe (7) is arranged below the pressure-bearing steel cable (3), and the rotary spray nozzle (6) is arranged below the tertiary branch pipe (7) and is connected to the tertiary branch pipe (7); The secondary branch pipe (8) is arranged on one side of each of the tertiary branch pipes (7) and is in communication therewith, and the secondary branch pipe (8) is longitudinally arranged on the rigid support (1) along the arrangement direction of the tertiary branch pipes (7); The primary branch pipe (9) is connected to the main water supply pipe (21) via a partition electromagnetic valve (20); water flows sequentially through the main water supply pipe (21), the partition electromagnetic valve (20), the primary branch pipe (9), the secondary branch pipe (8), and the tertiary branch pipe (7) before being sprayed out through the rotary spray nozzle (6).

5. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The scaffolding unit comprises an H-shaped steel beam (10), a U-shaped buckle (11), an H-shaped steel column (12), an internal support type fixed pipe clamp (13), an angle steel connection (14), a clamp (15) and a cable tie (16); The H-shaped steel beam (10) and the H-shaped steel column (12) are used to support the primary branch pipe (9) and the secondary branch pipe (8) of the sprinkler irrigation system respectively, and the connection between the two is fixed by using an angle steel connection (14); The tertiary branch pipe (7) is stably arranged along the pressure-bearing steel cable (3) by means of a clamp (15) or a tie (16), and is connected to the rotary spray nozzle (6) after drilling; The secondary branch pipe (8) is concealedly fixed along the H-shaped steel beam (10) of the rigid support (1) by means of the U-shaped buckle (11); The primary branch pipe (9) is arranged by attaching to the H-shaped steel column (12) through the internal support type fixed pipe clamp (13).

6. A multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method integrated with a photovoltaic scaffold, characterized in that: The method comprises constructing the integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation system as described in claims 1 to 5, and further comprising the following steps: The system control center (30) presets the sprinkler irrigation start conditions; The data acquisition module collects environmental and soil data in real time and transmits the data to the system control center (30); the system control center (30) determines whether the start-up conditions are met based on current data analysis; According to the different start-up conditions met, the system control center (30) sends corresponding instructions, and the control system starts intermittent sprinkler irrigation, frost prevention and control, or spray cooling; The safety module monitors the system operation status in real time and identifies abnormal fault signals; The system control center (30) receives the abnormal fault signal and sends a corresponding protection instruction to the power management module (29) to execute cutting off of the faulty equipment.

7. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Starting the intermittent sprinkler irrigation operation includes the following steps: The soil to be irrigated under the photovoltaic panel (4) is divided into a characteristic surface layer (A), a typical layer (B) and a characteristic deep layer (C) according to the depth from shallow to deep, and the soil moisture of each layer is monitored by an upper soil moisture sensor (17), a middle soil moisture sensor (18) and a lower soil moisture sensor (19); When the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer (A) approaches saturation after the sprinkler irrigation starts, the system control center (30) issues a command to stop the sprinkler irrigation; After a period of time, when the soil moisture of the characteristic surface layer (A) is lower than the set value, and the moisture data of the typical layer (B) is lower than expected, the system control center (30) issues a command to restart the sprinkler irrigation; The system will repeat the above process until the data of the typical layer (B) shows that the crops have been fully irrigated.

8. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The intermittent sprinkler irrigation has the function of integrated water and fertilizer spraying, and includes the following steps: The fertilization branch where the water-fertilizer integrated machine (23) is located is connected in parallel with the irrigation pipeline; When irrigation is required, the function solenoid valve (22) of the branch where the integrated water and fertilizer machine (23) is located is controlled to be closed, while the function solenoid valve (22) of another parallel branch is opened, and the water flows through and continues to flow to the irrigation area; When fertilization is required, the function solenoid valve (22) of the branch where the integrated water-fertilizer machine (23) is located is controlled to open, while the function solenoid valve (22) of another parallel branch is closed, and water flows through the branch where the integrated water-fertilizer machine (23) is located. When the flow rate measured by the flow meter (24) reaches the set requirement, the integrated water-fertilizer machine (23) is started and fertilizer is evenly injected into the pipeline, and the water-fertilizer mixture continues to flow to the irrigation area.

9. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Starting the frost control work includes the following steps: The system control center (30) accesses external weather forecast data via a wireless communication module (31); When the system control center (30) determines that there is a high risk of frost occurrence based on environmental meteorological factors or air temperature sensors (34), protective irrigation is initiated; The duration of each sprinkler irrigation is based on the system preset duration; After each sprinkling irrigation is completed, the system control center (30) determines whether the allowable irrigation limit is exceeded based on the detection data of the soil moisture sensor (18), and terminates the irrigation if the limit is exceeded; If it does not exceed the limit, the system control center (30) determines whether the preset temperature rise standard is reached based on the detection data of the air temperature sensor (34). If not, the irrigation is restarted according to the system preset time. If yes, the irrigation is terminated.

10. The photovoltaic scaffolding integrated multifunctional sprinkler irrigation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Starting the spray cooling process includes the following steps: When the system control center (30) determines that there is a high temperature risk based on the collected weather data, the water pump (25) is started to start spraying and irrigation; The duration and interval of multiple spraying rounds are in accordance with the preset values ​​of the system control center (30); At the same time, the system control center (30) adjusts the working water head of the water pump (25) or closes the partition solenoid valve (20) of some small irrigation areas. At this time, the water droplets sprayed by the rotary spray nozzle (6) are very small and mist-like; The system control center (30) closes the solenoid valves (20) of the small irrigation areas that have been sprayed for cooling, and opens the solenoid valves (20) of the small irrigation areas that have not been sprayed to continue spraying water for cooling; When the detection data feedback indicates that the cooling target has been achieved, the system control center (30) ends the sprinkler irrigation work.

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