Pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, preparation and application of pesticide composition

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a pesticide composition capable of protecting flowers and fruits, a preparation and application of the pesticide composition. The effective components of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfurylaminopurine, and the mass ratio of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to the furfurylaminopurine is (0.5-10): 1. According to the pesticide composition, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfurylaminopurine are compounded, the prepared pesticide composition can improve the flower and fruit retention effect of plants, the yield per mu is increased, the fruit quality is guaranteed, and the pesticide composition is free of phytotoxicity and wide in adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a pesticide composition and preparation for protecting flowers and fruits, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the fruit trees have insufficient nutritional reserves and young fruits are underdeveloped, if the flowers and fruits are not protected in time, the trees will have difficulty setting fruit or will set fruit but the fruit will be underdeveloped, greatly reducing the yield of the fruit trees.

[0003] The existing technology often uses the method of spraying plant growth regulators to protect flowers and fruits. However, although the use of a single plant growth regulator to protect flowers and fruits has a certain effect and the number of fruits has increased, the weight or quality of a single fruit cannot be improved. Secondly, different crops have different sensitivities to plant growth regulators. The current plant growth regulators have high technical requirements for use. For example, pears are more sensitive to gibberellin (920) than apples, and different varieties of jujube trees have different effects on gibberellin (920). The applicable concentration range of 2,4-D is narrow, and it is easy to cause phytotoxicity if you are not careful. Improper use of plant growth regulators may cause phytotoxicity or poor results, and may also reduce the yield and quality of crops, limiting their scope of application.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a plant growth regulator composition that has wide adaptability, no phytotoxicity, good flower and fruit preservation effects, and guarantees fruit quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a flower and fruit protection pesticide composition, a preparation and an application thereof to solve the defects in the prior art. The present invention compounds sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine to prepare a pesticide composition that can improve the flower and fruit protection effect of plants, increase per mu yield and ensure fruit quality, has no pesticide damage and has wide adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, wherein the active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine, and the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to furfural aminopurine is (0.5-10):1.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to furfuraminopurine is (0.625-2.5): 1. In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to furfuraminopurine is any one of 0.5:1, 0.625:1, 1.25:1, 2.5:1, 5:1, 10:1 or a value between two thereof.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide formulation for protecting flowers and fruits, the pesticide formulation comprising the pesticide composition and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0010] The auxiliary materials include any one or more of solvents, additives, wetting agents, dispersants, antifreeze agents, thickeners, disintegrants, fillers, and nutritional elements.

[0011] The dosage form of the pesticide preparation includes any one of a soluble solution, a suspending agent, a soluble powder, and a water-dispersible granule.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solvent is selected from one or more of water, sodium hydroxide, trisodium citrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and dimethylacetamide.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wetting agent is selected from one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine and isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickener is selected from any one or more of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dispersant is selected from any one or more of SP-2818L, sodium lignin sulfonate, SP-SC3219, SP-SC3275, and purified water.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the filler is selected from any one or more of corn starch and diatomaceous earth.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nutrient element is selected from any one or more of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, tripotassium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium phosphite, and borax pentahydrate.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the pesticide composition in promoting the preservation of flowers and fruits of crops.

[0019] Preferably, the application concentration of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is (5-10) mg / L, and the application concentration of furfural aminopurine is (0.5-10) mg / L.

[0020] Preferably, the application concentration of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5 mg / L, and the application concentration of furfural aminopurine is (2-8) mg / L.

[0021] Preferably, the crop is selected from any one of big cherry, big-leaf wax apple, lychee, lemon and ginseng fruit.

[0022] Preferably, the crop is big cherry, and the pesticide composition is applied to the big cherry for the first time at the end of the big cherry blooming period, and the second time during the first fruit swelling period.

[0023] Preferably, the crop is big-leaf wax apple, and the application period of the pesticide composition to the big-leaf wax apple is the white-belly stage of the big-leaf wax apple.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] In the present invention, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate belongs to the auxin class, can promote growth, prevent abscission formation, and has the effect of inducing parthenocarpy. Furfurylaminopurine has the effects of promoting cell division and tissue differentiation, inducing bud differentiation, removing apical dominance, delaying protein and chlorophyll degradation, preserving and preventing senescence, and can delay abscission formation, regulate the transportation of nutrients, and promote fruiting. The inventor has found through research that compounding sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate with furfurylaminopurine, through reasonable regulation of the ratio, has excellent synergistic effect, can inhibit abscission formation, increase the content of endogenous hormones that promote growth, regulate nutrition, combine cytokinin anti-drop signals, and promote the development of young fruits to achieve the effect of flower and fruit preservation on crops, increase per mu yield and ensure fruit quality.

[0026] The composition of the present invention can be applied to various crops under reasonable proportions, has the effect of protecting flowers and fruits on various crops, is not easy to cause phytotoxicity, can be widely used, and has high safety. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] Source of raw materials:

[0029] Sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate, molecular formula C 8 H 6 ClNaO 3 , provided by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0030] Furfurylaminopurine, molecular formula CH 6 N 4 , provided by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0031] SP-SC3275 polycarboxylate modified—purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0032] SP-SC3219 naphthalenesulfonate modified—purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0033] SP-2818L naphthalenesulfonate modified—purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0034] CAB35 cocamidopropyl betaine—purchased from Chengdu Kehongda Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0035] Example 1 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·furfurylaminopurine soluble solution

[0036] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 1, dissolve furfurylaminopurine with dimethyl sulfoxide or N-methylpyrrolidone, add Tween 80 and stir evenly, then add CAB35 or isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and stir evenly, then add water, and finally add sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and stir to dissolve.

[0037] Table 1

[0038]

[0039] Example 2 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·furfurylaminopurine suspension

[0040] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 2, furfurylaminopurine, SP-SC3219, SP-SC3275 and purified water were first stirred evenly, and then homogenized with a high-speed dispersant for 10 minutes; the slurry was then transferred to a sand mill and sand milled for 30 minutes; sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate was then added and stirred to dissolve for 30 minutes; xanthan gum and aluminum magnesium silicate were then added to ethylene glycol in turn and dispersed evenly, mixed and swollen with purified water accounting for 5% by mass, and added to the sand mill liquid; finally, a high-speed dispersant was used for homogenization for 15 minutes to obtain sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·furfurylaminopurine suspension.

[0041] Table 2

[0042]

[0043] Example 3 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·furfurylaminopurine water dispersible granules

[0044] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 3, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate, furfural aminopurine, SP-2818L, sodium lignin sulfonate, ammonium sulfate, corn starch, diatomaceous earth, etc. were mixed for 10 minutes, air flow crushed, mixed for another 15 minutes, sprayed with water accounting for 10% of the total mass of the mixture, kneaded, extruded into granules, and dried to obtain the product.

[0045] Table 3

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Example 4 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·furfurylaminopurine soluble powder

[0049] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 4, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate, furfural aminopurine and various nutrient elements were mixed for 10 minutes, crushed using a universal grinder, and then mixed for 15 minutes to obtain the product.

[0050] Table 4

[0051]

[0052] Example 5 Experimental effect of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furanaminopurine on sweet cherries

[0053] Test time: 2023.3.20-2023.5.30

[0054] Test location: Wangyanren Village, Dali County, Shaanxi Province

[0055] Test object: Meizao cherry

[0056] Selection of experimental varieties: Gisela No. 6 rootstock, consistent growth, consistent management level, vigorous tree vigor, large flowering volume, KGB tree shape, sandy loam soil, no obvious pests and diseases, and no growth regulators were used for big cherries in the early stage. Experimental reagents and treatment period: 3 trees were selected for each treatment for repeated tests. The treatment concentrations of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine are shown in Table 5. The first spray application was carried out at the end of the big cherry flowering period (2023.3.20), and the liquid dosage was: 1500ml / plant; after an interval of 14 days, the second spray application was carried out at the first fruit swelling period (2023.4.14), and the liquid dosage was: 2000ml / plant.

[0057] Control drug: 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution was used.

[0058] Test basis: Refer to GB / T 17980.145-2004 Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides (II) Part 145 Test on Plant Growth Regulators to Promote Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fruit Trees, and NY / T 2061.5-2016 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides Plant Growth Regulators Part 5_Determination of the Combined Effect of Mixtures.

[0059] Experimental observation: One day after the first application of the drug, the petals were observed to have no spots, burning, falling, etc.; two days after the second application of the drug, the leaves were observed to have no spots, burning, curling, falling, etc.

[0060] Data statistical analysis: For each tree corresponding to each treatment group, 4 side branches were randomly selected for labeling, and the fruit setting rate, single fruit weight and first-class fruit rate of the labeled side branches of each treatment were counted, and the average value was calculated. The single plant yield of each tree corresponding to each treatment concentration was counted, and the per-acre yield and yield increase rate were calculated (plant spacing 2m×3m, 110 plants per acre). DPS6.55 (Duncan) statistical software was used for analysis. According to the experimental data, the average fruit setting rate C1, the average single fruit weight increase rate C2, the average first-class fruit rate C3, and the per-acre yield increase rate C4 were calculated.

[0061] Fruit setting rate (%) = number of fruits / number of flowers × 100%;

[0062] Average single fruit weight = total weight / number of fruits;

[0063] Average first-grade fruit rate (%) = number of first-grade fruits / total number of fruits × 100%.

[0064] Yield increase rate (%) = (yield per mu of treatment group - yield per mu of control group) / yield per mu of control group × 100%.

[0065] Evaluation method: Use the Gowing formula to calculate the average fruit setting rate E1, average single fruit weight increase rate E2, first-level fruit rate E3, and per-acre yield increase rate E4 after theoretical mixing. The actual measured evaluation indicators C1, C2, C3, and C4 after mixing are compared with the theoretical indicators E1, E2, E3, and E4 obtained by the Gowing formula. The actual value is greater than the theoretical value by 10%, which is a synergistic effect. The actual value is greater than the theoretical value by 0%-10%, which is an additive effect. The actual value is less than the theoretical value, which is an antagonistic effect. The results are shown in Tables 5 and 6. The calculation method of the Gowing formula is as follows:

[0066] Gowing formula: E = x + y - xy / 100; x and y are the actual increase rates obtained by using each component alone.

[0067] Table 5 Test results of single agent or combination applied to cherry fruit preservation

[0068]

[0069] Table 6 Test results of each single agent or combination applied to increase the yield of big cherry

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from Table 5, the compound of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine of the present invention has a better fruit retention effect than a single agent, wherein, at a mass ratio of (0.5-10): 1, it has an additive or synergistic effect on the fruit retention of big cherries, such as increasing the fruit setting rate, increasing the single fruit weight, and increasing the first-level fruit rate; further, at a mass ratio of (0.625-2.5): 1, it has a synergistic effect on the fruit retention of big cherries, such as increasing the fruit setting rate, increasing the single fruit weight, and increasing the first-level fruit rate. In addition, the test results of the composition of 5 mg / L sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine compounded with 10 mg / L sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate single agent can be compared. It can be seen that after compounding, the present invention can achieve a better fruit retention effect by using a smaller amount of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate.

[0073] It can be seen from Table 6 that the compound of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfur aminopurine of the present invention has a better yield-increasing effect than a single agent, wherein, at a mass ratio of (0.5-10):1, it has an additive or synergistic effect on the yield increase of big cherries; further, at a mass ratio of (0.625-5):1, it has a synergistic effect on the yield increase of big cherries. Comprehensive Tables 5 and 6 show that in terms of fruit setting rate, primary fruit rate, and yield increase rate, when used as a single agent, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate 10 mg / L is better than 5 mg / L, and furfur aminopurine has a better effect when used alone when it is 8-10 mg / L; after compound use, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate 5 mg / L and furfur aminopurine 2-4 mg / L have significantly improved fruit setting rate, primary fruit rate, and yield increase rate indicators compared to a single agent. It can be seen that after compounding, the present invention can achieve better fruit preservation and yield increase effects and improve quality by using a smaller amount of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfur aminopurine.

[0074] As described above, the use of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine composition of the present invention can promote the fruit preservation effect of big cherries while reducing the dosage of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine, increase the yield per mu, and ensure the quality of the fruit.

[0075] Example 6 Experimental effect of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine on large-leaf wax apple

[0076] Test period: 2023.11.17 to 2023.12.08

[0077] Test location: Dalu Town, Hainan Province

[0078] Test object: Big-leaf wax apple. Management level: The flower buds are in the white belly stage, there are no obvious pests and diseases in the garden, there are a small amount of weeds in the garden, the test plants all have a small amount of purple-red new leaves, the fertilizer and water management conditions are good, and the soil is sandy loam.

[0079] Test reagents and treatment period: Wax apple trees with similar age, shape and vigor were selected, and one tree was treated with each treatment concentration. The treatment concentrations of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine alone and in combination are shown in Table 6. The control agent was 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution; the ear part was soaked when the plant was in the white belly stage, and the amount of liquid used was about 7.5 kg / plant.

[0080] Test basis: Refer to GB / T 17980.145-2004 Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides (II) Part 145 Test on Plant Growth Regulators to Promote Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fruit Trees, and NY / T 2061.5-2016 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides Plant Growth Regulators Part 5_Determination of the Combined Effect of Mixtures.

[0081] Experimental observation: Safety: There was no curling, deformity, or yellowing of leaves, and no deformity or falling of flower buds. Data statistical analysis: Five branches were randomly selected from each tree corresponding to each treatment group, and the flower retention rate, fruit retention rate, and primary fruit rate of each branch were counted, and the average value was calculated. The yield of each tree corresponding to each treatment concentration was measured, and the per-acre yield and yield increase rate were calculated (plant spacing 4m×5m, 33 plants per acre).

[0082] The statistical software DPS6.55 (Duncan) was used for analysis. The flower retention rate C1, fruit retention rate C2, yield increase rate and first-grade fruit rate were calculated based on the experimental data.

[0083] Flower retention rate, % = the number of wax apple flowers counted in the second time / the number of wax apple flowers counted in the first time × 100%;

[0084] Fruit retention rate, % = number of fruits / number of wax apple flowers counted for the first time × 100%;

[0085] The first count of wax apple flowers is to count the number of flowers on the marked branches on the day of medication. The second count of flowers is to count the number of flowers on the marked branches 5 days after medication.

[0086] Yield increase rate, % = (yield per mu of treatment group - yield per mu of control group) / yield of control group × 100%;

[0087] First-grade fruit rate (%) = number of first-grade fruits / total number of fruits × 100% (first-grade fruit, single fruit weight ≥ 100g; second-grade fruit, single fruit weight 80-100g; small fruit, ≤60g).

[0088] Table 7 Test of single agent or combination applied to wax apple to preserve flowers and fruits

[0089]

[0090] It can be seen from Table 7 that the composition prepared by sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine of the present invention has a synergistic effect on flower and fruit preservation of large-leaf wax apple at a mass ratio of (0.625-2.5):1, and can improve the flower and fruit preservation rate, increase per mu yield, and improve fruit quality.

[0091] Example 7 Drug Safety Evaluation

[0092] Purpose of the test: To verify the safety of flower and fruit preservation on various crops

[0093] Test time: 2024.1~2024.6

[0094] Test objects and test locations: litchi - Baomiyuan, Huangzhu Town, Ding'an County, Hainan Province; lemon - Baizi Town, Tongnan District, Chongqing City; ginseng fruit - Shangxinmin Village, Wujiepu Town, Luxi County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Test treatment: litchi - March 14, 2024. Usage: foliar spraying, before and after the fruit "splits" during the growth period of the plant, liquid dosage: 7.5kg / plant.

[0095] Lemon (Eureka) - April 19, 2024; Usage: Spray on the leaves of the whole plant; Plant growth period: 80% of flowers have faded, and the dosage of the solution is 2-3L / plant.

[0096] Ginseng fruit - June 21, 2024, Usage: foliar spraying, liquid dosage: 15kg / mu. Safety evaluation:

[0097] “+” The leaves have any of the following phenomena: slight curling, deformity, yellowing, spots, etc., which can recover on their own and will not affect fruit setting and growth.

[0098] “++” The leaves have any of the following phenomena: curling, deformity, yellowing, spots, etc., and cannot resume growth, but it does not affect fruit setting and fruit growth.

[0099] "+++" means the leaves are curled, deformed, yellowed, spotted, etc. The fruits are deformed, seedless, fall off, or are not full.

[0100] Table 8 Safety evaluation of each single agent or combination in the flower and fruit preservation test

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] It can be seen from Table 8 that the pesticide preparation prepared by the composition of the present invention did not cause any pesticide damage when applied to a variety of crops, indicating that the composition of the present invention has wide adaptability and high safety.

[0104] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, It is characterized in that The active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine, and the mass ratio of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to furfural aminopurine is (0.5-10):

1.

2. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to furfural aminopurine is (0.625-2.5):

1.

3. A pesticide formulation for protecting flowers and fruits, It is characterized in that The pesticide preparation comprises the pesticide composition according to claim 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

4. The pesticide formulation according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The auxiliary materials include any one or more of solvents, additives, wetting agents, dispersants, antifreeze agents, thickeners, disintegrants, fillers, and nutritional elements.

5. The pesticide formulation according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The dosage form of the pesticide preparation includes any one of a soluble solution, a suspending agent, a soluble powder, and a water-dispersible granule.

6. Use of the pesticide composition according to claim 1 or 2 in promoting the preservation of flowers and fruits of crops.

7. The use according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The application concentration of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is (5-10) mg / L, and the application concentration of furfural aminopurine is (0.5-10) mg / L.

8. The use according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The crop is selected from any one of big cherry, big-leaf wax apple, lychee, lemon and ginseng fruit.

9. The use according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The crop is big cherry, and the pesticide composition is applied to the big cherry for the first time at the end of the big cherry blooming period, and the second time at the first fruit swelling period.

10. The use according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The crop is big-leaf wax apple, and the application period of the pesticide composition to the big-leaf wax apple is the white-belly stage of the big-leaf wax apple.

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