Mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mine safety and automatic monitoring, and discloses a mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network, and the system comprises a network architecture module which is designed to be used for constructing a multi-node wireless network topology structure in a mine; the data acquisition and transmission module is designed to be used for acquiring environmental parameters, equipment states and video monitoring data in a mine; the data processing and analyzing module is used for processing and analyzing the collected data in real time; the control and management module is designed to be used for realizing remote control of equipment in the mine and centralized management of the system; the security and redundancy module is designed to be responsible for data transmission security and system operation of the system; and a user interface and an interaction module. By deploying the edge computing power on the node close to the data acquisition source, the system can perform primary processing and analysis on the data locally, data transmission delay is reduced, the computing pressure of the central server is relieved, and the real-time performance and response speed of the whole system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine safety and automatic monitoring, and in particular to a mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network. Background Art

[0002] As the mining depth and scale of mines increase, the environmental conditions in mines become more complex, which puts higher requirements on production safety and management. Traditional mine monitoring and communication systems usually rely on wired network connections and single monitoring equipment. Such systems have the following main problems in practical applications:

[0003] Poor real-time performance and low data transmission efficiency: Traditional mine monitoring systems often have problems such as low data transmission efficiency and large delays, and cannot meet the needs of real-time monitoring and rapid response. When an emergency occurs in a mine, the system cannot transmit on-site information to the control center in time, resulting in delayed emergency response and increased safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network, which solves the problems of low data transmission efficiency and large delay in traditional mine monitoring systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network, comprising:

[0006] A network architecture module is designed to construct a wireless network topology structure of multiple nodes in a mine, including a star topology, a mesh topology and a hybrid topology. The network architecture module also includes a wireless communication protocol selection function, supporting the selection and application of ZigBee, Wi-Fi and LoRa protocols;

[0007] The data collection and transmission module is designed to collect environmental parameters, equipment status and video monitoring data in the mine, including data transmission nodes, which transmit data to the central node through the wireless network, including environmental monitoring sensors, equipment status monitors, video monitoring cameras, relay nodes and data aggregation nodes;

[0008] A data processing and analysis module, designed to process and analyze the collected data in real time, the module includes an edge computing node and a central data processing system;

[0009] A control and management module, designed to achieve remote control of equipment in the mine and centralized management of the system, the module includes a central control system and a node management system;

[0010] A safety and redundancy module, designed to be responsible for the data transmission security and system operation of the system, the module includes data encryption and authentication and system redundancy design;

[0011] The user interface and interaction module is designed to provide a visual interface and alarm notification functions for mine monitoring. The module includes a visual monitoring interface and a user alarm and notification system.

[0012] Preferably, the network architecture module further includes:

[0013] The central node is responsible for data communication and exchange with all sub-nodes in the mine and has the ability to connect to the Internet;

[0014] Subnodes, including sensors and equipment terminals distributed in the mine, are used to collect data and transmit it to the central node through wireless communication;

[0015] Self-healing network function: when a node fails, the network can automatically reconfigure the communication path to ensure the continuity of data transmission.

[0016] Preferably, the data acquisition and transmission module further comprises:

[0017] Gas sensors to monitor the concentrations of methane, carbon monoxide, oxygen and carbon dioxide in mines;

[0018] Temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the mine to prevent equipment failure due to deteriorating environmental conditions;

[0019] Dust sensors are used to detect dust concentration in the air to prevent pneumoconiosis and explosion risks;

[0020] Vibration sensors are installed on mining equipment to monitor the vibration of the equipment and predict equipment failures;

[0021] The data transmission node comprises:

[0022] Relay nodes with signal amplification and relay functions are used to enhance the coverage of wireless signals, especially in complex terrain and long-distance transmission environments in mines;

[0023] The data aggregation node with data compression and preprocessing functions is used to perform preliminary processing on data from multiple sensors to reduce the transmission network load.

[0024] Preferably, the data processing and analysis module further comprises:

[0025] Edge computing nodes with real-time data processing capabilities, including data filtering, denoising and anomaly detection capabilities, capable of performing preliminary processing near the source of data;

[0026] Local storage and caching functions, which temporarily store data when the network is interrupted and automatically synchronize the data to the central data processing system after the network is restored;

[0027] The central data processing system comprises:

[0028] Big data analysis platform, used to process and analyze large amounts of historical data within the mine, and to conduct predictive maintenance and safety risk analysis based on these data;

[0029] The alarm system monitors the changes in sensor data in real time, determines and triggers the preset alarm rules, and notifies relevant personnel for processing.

[0030] Preferably, the control and management module further includes:

[0031] A unified monitoring platform that integrates the status and real-time data of all data collection nodes and provides an overall monitoring interface for the mine;

[0032] Remote operation interface allows users to remotely control equipment in the mine through HMI or APP, and can automatically control the operation of equipment according to preset strategies;

[0033] The node management system further comprises:

[0034] A wireless node management platform that displays information including the node's network connection status, signal strength, and power consumption, and supports remote upgrades and maintenance of the nodes;

[0035] Fault detection and repair mechanism: when a node fails, the system can automatically switch to a backup node or restore communication through other paths.

[0036] Preferably, the safety and redundancy module further comprises:

[0037] Data encryption function, which uses AES encryption and SSL / TLS protocols to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of wirelessly transmitted data;

[0038] Multi-factor authentication and access control policies ensure that only authorized personnel and devices can access system resources, and assign different access rights based on roles;

[0039] The system redundancy design includes:

[0040] Redundant link design: multiple redundant links are set up in key areas. When a link fails, data transmission can continue through other links.

[0041] The uninterruptible power supply system provides backup power for central nodes and important relay nodes, so that the system can still operate normally when the main power supply fails.

[0042] Preferably, the user interface and interaction module further comprises:

[0043] Real-time data display function, using dynamic charts and map views to intuitively display the data and status of each node in the mine;

[0044] The historical data playback function allows users to select sensor data and video surveillance images from a specific time period for playback and analysis;

[0045] The user alarm and notification system further comprises:

[0046] Multi-channel alarm notification function, which can send alarm information to relevant personnel via SMS, email and APP;

[0047] The alarm confirmation mechanism ensures that relevant personnel receive and confirm the alarm information after the notification is sent, so as to respond in time.

[0048] The present invention provides a mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. By deploying edge computing capabilities on nodes close to data collection sources, the present invention enables the system to perform preliminary processing and analysis of data locally, reduce data transmission delays, alleviate the computing pressure of the central server, and improve the real-time performance and response speed of the overall system.

[0050] 2. The present invention uses wireless communication protocols such as ZigBee, LoRa and Wi-Fi, which have the characteristics of low power consumption, long distance and high bandwidth, and can meet the communication needs of various sensor nodes in the mine. These protocols can be selected and optimized according to the specific application scenarios and needs of the mine to ensure the stability and reliability of the system.

[0051] 3. The present invention adopts a mesh network structure and multi-path data transmission technology, so that the system can automatically identify and repair faults in the communication path to ensure the continuity and stability of data transmission. This design improves the reliability of the system and reduces the impact of single-point failures on the entire system.

[0052] 4. Through the configuration of redundant communication paths and backup equipment, the present invention enables the system to automatically switch in the event of a single point failure, thereby ensuring the continuity of communication and data transmission and reducing production interruptions caused by equipment or network failures. The mesh topology structure enables the system to have self-healing capabilities. When a problem occurs at a certain node or path, the system can automatically reconfigure the path and continue to ensure stable data transmission, thereby enhancing the reliability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1This is a diagram of the architecture of a mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the network architecture module of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the data acquisition and transmission module architecture of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 The data processing and analysis module architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a control and management module architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the safety and redundancy module architecture of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the user interface and interaction module architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Please see attached Figure 1 - Attachment Figure 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides a mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on a wireless network, comprising:

[0062] 1. Network architecture module

[0063] 1.1 Wireless network topology design

[0064] Star topology

[0065] Central node (Gateway): The control center set up in the mine is responsible for communicating and exchanging data with all sub-nodes. The central node needs to have high-performance processing capabilities and strong signal coverage capabilities, and can be connected to the Internet for remote monitoring.

[0066] EndDevices: distributed in every corner of the mine, collecting data and sending it to the central node through wireless communication. End nodes can include sensors, cameras and other devices, requiring low power consumption and long-term stable operation.

[0067] Mesh topology

[0068] Self-healing network function: When a node fails, the network can automatically reconfigure and select other paths for data transmission to ensure system continuity.

[0069] Multi-hop communication: Data between nodes can be transmitted through multiple relay nodes to extend the communication distance, which is particularly suitable for complex terrain environments in mines.

[0070] Hybrid topology

[0071] Star-network hybrid structure: A star structure is used in the main mine road, and a mesh structure is used in the branch channel, which not only ensures the coverage of the network but also enhances the reliability of the system.

[0072] Dynamic network configuration: According to the movement of nodes and environmental changes, the system can dynamically adjust the network structure and optimize the communication path.

[0073] 1.2 Wireless Communication Protocol Selection

[0074] ZigBee

[0075] Low-power design: Suitable for battery-powered sensor nodes, with good power management capabilities, it can operate for months or even years at very low power consumption.

[0076] Network capacity: supports networking of hundreds of nodes and is suitable for large-scale distributed sensor networks.

[0077] Data rate and coverage: The typical data transmission rate is 20-250kbps, and the communication range in the mine is generally 10-100 meters, depending on the environment.

[0078] Wi-Fi

[0079] High-bandwidth transmission: Suitable for nodes that transmit large amounts of data, such as high-definition video streams and high-frequency data collection points. The commonly used 802.11n / ac standard can provide a transmission rate of hundreds of Mbps.

[0080] Coverage and stability: In a complex and closed environment such as a mine, Wi-Fi signal coverage may be affected, and the signal needs to be enhanced by adding APs (access points) and relay devices.

[0081] Power consumption: Compared with ZigBee, Wi-Fi consumes more power, so it is suitable for nodes in fixed locations with stable power supply.

[0082] LoRa

[0083] Long-distance communication: In low-power mode, LoRa can achieve communication within a few kilometers, which is very suitable for long-distance data transmission needs in mines.

[0084] Data rate: Relatively low, usually between 0.3-50kbps, suitable for transmitting periodic data or a small amount of critical data.

[0085] Low power applications: Suitable for sensor nodes with long range but low data rate.

[0086] 2. Data acquisition and transmission module

[0087] 2.1 Data Collection Node

[0088] Environmental Monitoring Sensors

[0089] Gas sensors: including methane, carbon monoxide, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other sensors, which can monitor the gas concentration in the mine in real time and prevent safety accidents such as poisoning, suffocation and explosion.

[0090] Temperature and humidity sensor: monitors the temperature and humidity in the mine to ensure that the working environment is within a safe range and prevent equipment from being damaged due to overheating or overhumidity.

[0091] Dust sensor: monitors dust concentration in the air to prevent pneumoconiosis and explosion risks.

[0092] Equipment Condition Monitor

[0093] Vibration sensor: installed on mechanical equipment to monitor the vibration of the equipment, predict equipment failure and reduce downtime.

[0094] Temperature sensor: monitors the operating temperature of motors, transformers and other equipment to prevent overheating and damage.

[0095] Current and voltage sensors: monitor the working status of electrical equipment in real time to ensure the stability of power supply.

[0096] Video surveillance cameras

[0097] HD cameras: HD cameras are deployed in key areas to provide clear real-time video and support night vision to ensure 24-hour monitoring.

[0098] Intelligent analysis function: Through the built-in intelligent algorithm, the video stream is analyzed in real time to detect abnormal behaviors such as people falling and abnormal operation of equipment, and alarms are issued in time.

[0099] 2.2 Data Transmission Node

[0100] Relay Node

[0101] Signal amplification and relay functions: Enhance signal coverage, especially over long distances and in complex terrain in underground mines.

[0102] Low power design: Relay nodes are usually deployed in locations that are difficult to maintain frequently, so they need to be designed with low power consumption and high reliability.

[0103] Data Aggregation Node

[0104] Data compression and preprocessing: Perform preliminary processing and compression on data from multiple sensors to reduce network load and transmission delay.

[0105] Edge computing capabilities: Add edge computing functions to data aggregation nodes to handle simple data analysis tasks and reduce the computing pressure on central nodes.

[0106] 3. Data processing and analysis module

[0107] 3.1 Edge Computing Nodes

[0108] Real-time data processing

[0109] Filtering and denoising: Filter sensor data to eliminate noise and improve data accuracy and reliability.

[0110] Anomaly detection: Use machine learning or rule engines to detect data anomalies in real time at edge nodes, reducing the burden on central systems.

[0111] Local storage and caching

[0112] Local database: Set up a local database on the edge computing node to cache data to prevent data loss during network interruptions.

[0113] Data synchronization mechanism: When the network is restored, the cached data will be automatically synchronized to the central database to ensure data integrity.

[0114] 3.2 Central Data Processing System

[0115] Data Analysis and Mining

[0116] Big data platform: Deploy big data analysis platforms, such as Hadoop and Spark, to process and analyze large amounts of historical data within the mine.

[0117] Predictive maintenance: Based on historical data analysis, a prediction model is established to provide early warning of equipment failures and optimize maintenance plans.

[0118] Alarm system

[0119] Real-time monitoring and alarm: According to the real-time changes of sensor data, the preset alarm rules are triggered, sound and light alarms are issued and relevant personnel are notified.

[0120] Intelligent alarm processing: Based on data analysis, determine the urgency of the alarm, reduce false alarms, and improve the response efficiency of the system.

[0121] 4. Control and management module

[0122] 4.1 Central Control System

[0123] Global Monitoring

[0124] Unified monitoring platform: Integrates the status and real-time data of all data collection nodes to provide a clear global view.

[0125] Multi-screen display and partition monitoring: Support multi-screen display and partition monitoring according to different areas of the mine to facilitate centralized management.

[0126] Remote control of equipment

[0127] Remote operation interface: Remotely control the equipment in the mine through HMI (human-machine interface) or APP, such as turning on the fan, adjusting the working status of the pump, etc.

[0128] Automatic control strategy: According to the preset automation strategy, the system can automatically control the operation of equipment, such as automatically adjusting ventilation equipment according to air quality.

[0129] 4.2 Node Management System

[0130] Node configuration and management

[0131] Wireless node management platform: provides a graphical interface to display the node's network connection status, power consumption, signal strength, etc., to facilitate management by operation and maintenance personnel.

[0132] Remote upgrade and maintenance: Support remote firmware upgrades for wireless nodes to reduce the workload of on-site maintenance.

[0133] Fault detection and repair

[0134] Automatic fault detection: monitor the working status of the node in real time, and automatically record and report any abnormalities.

[0135] Redundancy repair mechanism: When a node fails, it automatically switches to a backup node or restores communication through other paths.

[0136] 5. Safety and redundancy modules

[0137] 5.1 Data Encryption and Authentication

[0138] Encrypted Communications

[0139] AES encryption: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm is used to encrypt data to ensure the security of wireless transmission.

[0140] SSL / TLS encryption: Use SSL / TLS protocol in Wi-Fi communication to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data transmission.

[0141] Identity Authentication

[0142] Multi-factor authentication: Combines passwords, hardware tokens, fingerprint recognition and other means to ensure that only authorized personnel and devices can access the system.

[0143] Access control policy: Role-based access control limits the access rights of different users to system resources to prevent unauthorized operations.

[0144] 5.2 System Redundancy Design

[0145] Multi-path data transmission

[0146] Path selection algorithm: Use a dynamic path selection algorithm to automatically select the optimal communication path based on network load and node status.

[0147] Redundant link design: Deploy multiple redundant links in key areas to ensure that when a link fails, communication can continue through other links.

[0148] Backup power supply and equipment

[0149] Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS): UPS systems are configured for key nodes to ensure continued operation when the main power supply fails.

[0150] Backup hardware equipment: Configure backup hardware for central nodes and important relay nodes to quickly replace faulty equipment and reduce downtime.

[0151] 6. User interface and interaction module

[0152] 6.1 Visual monitoring interface

[0153] Real-time data display

[0154] Dynamic Charts: Charts and dashboards that update in real time, showing the current status and trends of various types of data within the mine.

[0155] Map view: Mark the location and status of each node on the 3D mine map to intuitively display the operation status of the entire mine.

[0156] Historical data playback

[0157] Timeline playback function: Users can select any time point to play back the sensor data and video surveillance images at that time for post-analysis.

[0158] Data comparison and analysis: supports selecting data from multiple time periods for comparison, helping users discover trends and anomalies.

[0159] 6.2 User alarm and notification system

[0160] Instant Notification

[0161] Multi-channel alarm notification: send alarm notifications to relevant personnel through SMS, email, APP and other channels to ensure timely communication of information.

[0162] Alarm confirmation mechanism: After notification, relevant personnel are required to confirm receipt of the alarm information to ensure timely response.

[0163] Multi-level alarm management

[0164] Alarm classification: According to the severity of the incident, alarms are divided into different levels, such as emergency, important, general, etc., and different processing procedures are formulated.

[0165] Automatic processing and manual intervention: For low-level alarms, the system can automatically take preset response measures; for high-level alarms, the system notifies relevant personnel to perform manual intervention.

[0166] When describing the mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network, the following are some terms and their explanations that may not be familiar to non-technical personnel, as well as the underlying technologies required by the system.

[0167] Terms that may not be familiar to people outside this field

[0168] 1. ZigBee

[0169] ZigBee is a low-power, low-data-rate wireless communication protocol that is primarily used for communication between IoT devices. It is characterized by its ability to support large-scale node networks (hundreds of nodes) and achieve stable communication at low power consumption, making it very suitable for battery-powered sensor networks.

[0170] 2. LoRa

[0171] LoRa (LongRange) is a long-distance, low-power wireless communication technology specifically designed for scenarios that require long-distance data transmission. Its data transmission rate is low, but it can cover a range of several kilometers, making it suitable for long-distance, low-frequency data transmission in mines.

[0172] 3. Edge computing

[0173] Edge computing refers to processing data on devices close to the data source (such as sensor nodes or data aggregation nodes) instead of transmitting all data to a central server for processing. This can reduce network bandwidth usage, reduce latency, and improve real-time performance. Edge computing is particularly suitable for processing time-sensitive data, such as safety monitoring data in mines.

[0174] 4. Dynamic path selection algorithm

[0175] The dynamic path selection algorithm is an algorithm used in wireless networks, which can automatically select the best communication path according to the status of each node in the network (such as signal strength, current load, etc.). In this way, even if a path is unavailable due to failure or signal interference, the system can quickly switch to other paths to ensure the reliability of data transmission.

[0176] 5. Multi-factor authentication

[0177] Multi-factor authentication is a security authentication method that requires users to provide multiple authentication factors (such as passwords, fingerprints, hardware tokens, etc.) to access the system. This method is more secure than single password authentication and can effectively prevent unauthorized access.

[0178] 6. AES encryption

[0179] AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a symmetric encryption algorithm widely used to protect data security. In wireless communications, AES encryption can ensure that data cannot be read or tampered with by unauthorized third parties during transmission.

[0180] The underlying technology required by the system

[0181] 1. Wireless communication technology

[0182] Wireless signal modulation and demodulation: All wireless communication protocols (such as ZigBee, Wi-Fi, LoRa) rely on the modulation and demodulation technology of wireless signals to convert digital data into radio waves for transmission and perform reverse processing at the receiving end.

[0183] Channel allocation and management: Ensuring that multiple nodes do not interfere with each other when communicating in the same frequency band requires advanced channel management and allocation algorithms.

[0184] 2. Embedded system technology

[0185] Microcontroller programming: Each sensor node or data transmission node is usually controlled by a microcontroller (such as ARMCortex-M series). Microcontroller programming involves low-power processing, sensor data acquisition, implementation of wireless communication protocols, etc.

[0186] Real-time operating system (RTOS): Some nodes may run a simple real-time operating system to ensure that critical tasks (such as data acquisition and transmission) can be completed within strict time constraints.

[0187] 3. Data processing and analysis technology

[0188] Data filtering and cleaning: Before data enters the central processing system, it must first be cleaned and filtered to remove invalid data and noise. This usually involves signal processing algorithms and data statistical methods.

[0189] Big data platform: The storage and analysis of large-scale data relies on distributed computing platforms (such as Hadoop or Spark), which are capable of processing massive amounts of data from thousands of sensors in the mine and performing complex analysis and modeling.

[0190] 4. Security and encryption technology

[0191] Implementation of encryption algorithm: The system needs to use hardware or software to implement encryption algorithm (such as AES) to ensure that data is not stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0192] Authentication mechanism: Multi-factor authentication systems usually rely on secure key management and encryption mechanisms to ensure the security and reliability of the authentication process.

[0193] 5. Network protocols and middleware technology

[0194] Protocol stack implementation: Wireless communication protocols such as ZigBee and LoRa have complex protocol stacks, involving the implementation of the MAC layer, network layer, and application layer. These protocol stacks are usually implemented by firmware or embedded software.

[0195] Edge computing middleware: Edge computing devices require the use of middleware for device management, data processing, and communication management. These middlewares are responsible for integrating edge devices with central systems and ensuring the efficient allocation and execution of computing tasks.

[0196] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network, It is characterized in that include: A network architecture module is designed to construct a wireless network topology structure of multiple nodes in a mine, including a star topology, a mesh topology and a hybrid topology. The network architecture module also includes a wireless communication protocol selection function, supporting the selection and application of ZigBee, Wi-Fi and LoRa protocols; The data collection and transmission module is designed to collect environmental parameters, equipment status and video monitoring data in the mine, including data transmission nodes, which transmit data to the central node through the wireless network, including environmental monitoring sensors, equipment status monitors, video monitoring cameras, relay nodes and data aggregation nodes; A data processing and analysis module, designed to process and analyze the collected data in real time, the module includes an edge computing node and a central data processing system; A control and management module, designed to achieve remote control of equipment in the mine and centralized management of the system, the module includes a central control system and a node management system; A safety and redundancy module, designed to be responsible for the data transmission security and system operation of the system, the module includes data encryption and authentication and system redundancy design; The user interface and interaction module is designed to provide a visual interface and alarm notification functions for mine monitoring. The module includes a visual monitoring interface and a user alarm and notification system.

2. The mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The network architecture module further includes: The central node is responsible for data communication and exchange with all sub-nodes in the mine and has the ability to connect to the Internet; Subnodes, including sensors and equipment terminals distributed in the mine, are used to collect data and transmit it to the central node through wireless communication; Self-healing network function: when a node fails, the network can automatically reconfigure the communication path to ensure the continuity of data transmission.

3. The mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The data acquisition and transmission module further comprises: Gas sensors to monitor the concentrations of methane, carbon monoxide, oxygen and carbon dioxide in mines; Temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the mine to prevent equipment failure due to deteriorating environmental conditions; Dust sensors are used to detect dust concentration in the air to prevent pneumoconiosis and explosion risks; Vibration sensors are installed on mining equipment to monitor the vibration of the equipment and predict equipment failures; The data transmission node comprises: Relay nodes with signal amplification and relay functions are used to enhance the coverage of wireless signals, especially in complex terrain and long-distance transmission environments in mines; The data aggregation node with data compression and preprocessing functions is used to perform preliminary processing on data from multiple sensors to reduce the transmission network load.

4. The mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The data processing and analysis module further includes: Edge computing nodes with real-time data processing capabilities, including data filtering, denoising and anomaly detection capabilities, capable of performing preliminary processing near the source of data; Local storage and caching functions, which temporarily store data when the network is interrupted and automatically synchronize the data to the central data processing system after the network is restored; The central data processing system comprises: Big data analysis platform, used to process and analyze large amounts of historical data within the mine, and to conduct predictive maintenance and safety risk analysis based on these data; The alarm system monitors the changes in sensor data in real time, determines and triggers the preset alarm rules, and notifies relevant personnel for processing.

5. The mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The control and management module further includes: A unified monitoring platform that integrates the status and real-time data of all data collection nodes and provides an overall monitoring interface for the mine; Remote operation interface allows users to remotely control equipment in the mine through HMI or APP, and can automatically control the operation of equipment according to preset strategies; The node management system further comprises: A wireless node management platform that displays information including the node's network connection status, signal strength, and power consumption, and supports remote upgrades and maintenance of the nodes; Fault detection and repair mechanism: when a node fails, the system can automatically switch to a backup node or restore communication through other paths.

6. The mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The safety and redundancy module further comprises: Data encryption function, which uses AES encryption and SSL / TLS protocols to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of wirelessly transmitted data; Multi-factor authentication and access control policies ensure that only authorized personnel and devices can access system resources, and assign different access rights based on roles; The system redundancy design includes: Redundant link design: multiple redundant links are set up in key areas. When a link fails, data transmission can continue through other links. The uninterruptible power supply system provides backup power for central nodes and important relay nodes, so that the system can still operate normally when the main power supply fails.

7. The mine multi-node real-time communication and data transmission system based on wireless network according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The user interface and interaction module further includes: Real-time data display function, using dynamic charts and map views to intuitively display the data and status of each node in the mine; The historical data playback function allows users to select sensor data and video surveillance images from a specific time period for playback and analysis; The user alarm and notification system further comprises: Multi-channel alarm notification function, which can send alarm information to relevant personnel via SMS, email and APP; The alarm confirmation mechanism ensures that relevant personnel receive and confirm the alarm information after the notification is sent, so as to respond in time.

Images