Sound barrier based on spatial coiling square super-unit array and optimization design method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a sound barrier based on a space coiling square super-unit array and an optimization design method thereof. The invention relates to the technical field of sound barriers and comprises a square super unit. A plurality of groups of square super units are distributed in an array mode, are designed in a square surrounding mode and are formed by four groups of space coiling boxes in a surrounding mode. The sound barrier is formed by stacking the square super units distributed in an array mode, and the interior of the space coiling box is divided into the coiling channels through the partition plates. The square super-unit structure comprises the square ring coiling area on the periphery and the ventilation open area in the middle, is easy to manufacture and good in ventilation performance, and can guarantee that the ventilation performance reaches the standard while guaranteeing the good sound insulation effect. In addition, the noise reduction performance of the sound barrier is optimized through an automatic optimization design method. By the adoption of the optimization design method, the simulation calculation time can be greatly saved, the design efficiency is improved, and it is possible to select the optimal size from various geometric design parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound barriers, and in particular to a sound barrier based on a spatially coiled square super unit array and an optimization design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A sound barrier is a facility used to reduce the impact of noise. It blocks the propagation of sound waves to reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment and human body. The principles of sound barriers mainly include three mechanisms: reflection, sound absorption and sound insulation. Sound barriers are widely used in architectural design, transportation, and heavy machinery cabins. Practical application scenarios often require sound barriers to control noise under the condition of good air circulation. For example, natural ventilation is a key component of architectural design, which will inevitably cause residents to be affected by the accompanying noise, thus creating a need for soundproof and breathable structures; machinery cabins not only need sound insulation, but also need to dissipate heat through air exchange between the internal and external environments; the aerodynamic load caused by high-speed trains on the sound barriers along the line cannot be ignored, which also requires the sound barriers to have certain ventilation capabilities while exerting noise reduction performance to ensure their structural safety and smooth operation of the train. Most traditional sound barriers have problems such as poor sound insulation or substandard ventilation.

[0003] In recent years, the emergence and use of acoustic metamaterials have provided an effective way to solve the above problems, especially the attenuation and selection of waves in specific frequency bands. Acoustic metamaterials are widely used in various fields, such as acoustic invisibility, subwavelength imaging, transmission or reflection control, etc. With the continuous development of acoustic metamaterials, spatial coiled metamaterials, topological acoustics, fractal acoustic metamaterials, spiral structure metamaterials and acoustic metasurfaces have been proposed one after another. However, the structural forms of the above-mentioned acoustic metamaterial sound barriers are too complicated, and their manufacturing and installation costs are too high. In addition, few metamaterial sound barriers have obtained the optimal structural parameters through automatic optimization programs.

[0004] In summary, traditional sound barriers either have poor sound insulation or substandard ventilation, and a trade-off must always be made between sound insulation and ventilation performance, making it impossible to ensure good sound insulation and ventilation performance at the same time. Currently, many mainstream acoustic metamaterial sound barriers also have problems such as complex structures and inability to automatically optimize structural parameters. Therefore, the present invention proposes a sound barrier based on a spatially coiled square super unit array and an optimization design method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a sound barrier based on a spatially coiled square super unit array and an optimization design method thereof, which solves the problem that traditional sound barriers have poor sound insulation effect or substandard ventilation, and the problem that many current mainstream acoustic metamaterial sound barriers also have complex structures and cannot automatically optimize structural parameters.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a sound barrier based on a spatially coiled square super unit array, which includes square super units, the square super units are provided with a plurality of groups and distributed in an array, the square super units are square surround design and are surrounded by four groups of spatially coiled boxes, the spatially coiled boxes include a square frame and a partition fixed inside the square frame, the front and rear sides of the square frame are open design, and the partitions are staggered inside the square frame to form a winding channel.

[0007] A further improvement is that the height of the partition is smaller than the height of the square frame, and the height of the winding channel is larger than the height of the partition.

[0008] A further improvement is that a square hole formed by four groups of space winding boxes is provided in the middle of the square super unit for air flow to pass through.

[0009] A further improvement is that the partitions are provided with seven groups, four of which are fixed to one side of the inside of the square frame, and the other three are fixed to the other side of the inside of the square frame.

[0010] A further improvement is that six groups of the winding channels are provided, and the six groups of the winding channels are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the partition at the middle position inside the square frame as the center line.

[0011] A further improvement is that the thickness of the square super unit is equal to the sum of the total thickness of the partition and the total thickness of the winding channel.

[0012] The optimization design method of the sound barrier based on the spatially coiled square super unit array comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Define global parameters in COMSOL software, establish an acoustic finite element model of the square super unit, run the frequency domain research calculation and solution, draw the transmission loss curve according to the solution calculation results, and export the solution calculation data;

[0014] Step 2: Use the APP Builder module that comes with the COMSOL software to create a method for frequency domain study calculations and result data export code in the method branch, return to the Model Builder module, and add a call to this method;

[0015] Step 3: Enter the COMSOL command in the Windows command prompt CMD to modify the model parameters, and call the method created in step 2 to complete the model calculation after the modified parameters to obtain the result data;

[0016] Step 4: Write a parameter traversal program externally to call CMD and implement multiple cycles to modify the input COMSOL command string, traverse all dimensional parameters within the preset range, repeat step 3, and calculate and export the transmission loss result data corresponding to all models within the preset parameter range in turn;

[0017] Step 5: Use the screening program to determine the optimal size parameters, traverse all the calculation result data in step 4 and screen out the size parameter combination that maximizes the average transmission loss of all models in the target frequency band, and use it as the optimal size parameter.

[0018] A further improvement is that in the step 1, material properties are assigned and boundary conditions are set when establishing the square super-unit acoustic finite element model.

[0019] A further improvement is that in step five, when selecting the optimal size parameters, the lowest value of the transmission loss of all models in the target frequency band is selected, and the maximum value among the lowest values ​​is compared, and the corresponding set of model sizes is the optimal size parameters.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention forms a sound barrier by stacking square super units distributed in an array, and separates the winding channel inside the space winding box by a partition. The square super unit structure includes two parts: the outer square ring winding area and the ventilation open area in the middle. It is not only simple to manufacture, but also has good ventilation performance, and can ensure good sound insulation effect while ensuring that the ventilation performance meets the standard. In addition, the present application also optimizes the noise reduction performance of the sound barrier through an automatic optimization design method. The use of this optimization design method can greatly save simulation calculation time, improve design efficiency, and make it possible to select the optimal size from a variety of geometric design parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a front view of a spatially coiled square super unit array according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a square super unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a square super unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a transmission loss (TL) curve diagram of the spatial coiled channel, the middle square hole channel and the super unit calculated by simulation in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of sound pressure distribution and local velocity streamlines at four representative frequencies of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optimization design method flow of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram comparing transmission loss curves of an optimized supercell and a reference supercell according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of dimension annotation for modeling a square super unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of type I unit and type II unit constructed in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission loss curve of the type I unit and the type II unit in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 1. Square super unit; 2. Space winding box; 3. Square frame; 4. Partition; 5. Winding channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3The present embodiment provides a sound barrier based on a spatially coiled square super unit array, which is composed of several groups of square super units 1 with a square surround design. Several groups of square super units 1 are distributed in an array and stacked to form a complete sound barrier. The square super unit 1 is designed in a square surround and is surrounded by four groups of spatially coiled boxes 2. The spatially coiled boxes 2 include a square frame 3 and a partition 4 fixed inside the square frame 3. The front and rear sides of the square frame 3 are open. The partitions 4 are staggered inside the square frame 3 to form a coiled channel 5. In the present embodiment, the side length of the square super unit 1 is 80 mm, the thickness of the square super unit 1 is 40 mm, the thickness of the partition 4 is 1 mm, the thickness of the coiled channel 5 is 8 mm, and the thickness of the square super unit 1 is equal to the sum of the total thickness of the partition 4 and the total thickness of the coiled channel 5.

[0036] The resonance unit formed by the spatial winding box 2 can greatly reduce the thickness required for the sound barrier at low frequencies. When a sound wave passes through, it can produce a complete 2π phase delay within a distance much smaller than the wavelength of the sound wave, and the phase delay can be freely controlled by adjusting the structural parameters. The winding channel 5 only allows sound waves that meet its resonance frequency to pass through completely, so the corresponding spectrum is discrete. A square hole 6 surrounded by four groups of spatial winding boxes 2 is provided in the middle of the square super unit 1, and the square hole 6 is used for airflow to pass through. The square hole channel in the middle of the square super unit 1 allows sound waves of any frequency to pass through to achieve full transmission, so it presents a continuous spectrum. The super unit structure of this embodiment utilizes the coupling between the discrete state and the continuous state to respectively construct the two, thereby realizing a Fano-like resonance.

[0037] The height of the partition 4 is smaller than the height of the square frame 3. The outer walls on three sides of the partition 4 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the square frame 3. An empty groove is formed between the outer wall on the other side and the square frame 3. The height of the winding channel 5 is greater than the height of the partition 4. The winding channel 5 is connected to the empty groove to allow sound waves to pass through.

[0038] In this embodiment, there are seven groups of partitions 4, four of which are fixed on one side of the square frame 3, and the other three are fixed on the other side of the square frame 3. The four groups of partitions 5 on one side of the square frame 3 and the four groups of partitions 5 on the other side of the square frame 3 are staggered.

[0039] The seven groups of partitions 4 divide the interior of the square frame 3 into six groups of winding channels 5 , and the six groups of winding channels 5 are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the partition 4 at the middle position of the interior of the square frame 3 as the center line.

[0040] This embodiment uses COMSOL Multiphysics software to study the square super unit 1 and verify the effectiveness of the design. Figure 4The following are the transmission loss (TL) curves of the spatial coiled channel, the middle square hole channel and the super unit calculated by simulation. Whether it is the discrete state of the spatial coiled structure or the continuous state of the hollow square hole structure. Figure 4 As shown in Figure a, the corresponding transmission loss curves are all symmetrical lines. The resonance point corresponding to the spatial coiled channel appears at 498Hz, and the transmission loss at the resonance frequency is almost zero, showing full transmission. The hollow square hole alone shows full transmission at any frequency. However, the transmission loss curve of the combined coupled structure, i.e., the super unit, is no longer a simple superposition of the two. Due to the phase difference between the discrete state and the continuous state, the transmission loss curve is no longer symmetrical. Figure 4 As shown in Figure b, a quasi-Fano resonance is achieved. This asymmetric resonance will have two anti-resonance points after the fully transmitted resonance frequency, which are located at frequencies of 536Hz and 934Hz respectively. The corresponding transmission losses are as high as 50dB and 74dB. The sound waves at the anti-resonance points are almost fully reflected, thereby achieving the purpose of noise reduction. It is worth noting that according to the mechanical analogy of Fano resonance, the position of the transmission peak in Fano resonance will be red-shifted compared to the resonance point position of the spatial coiled structure itself. For example, in this embodiment, the resonance point of the coiled channel 5 itself appears at 498Hz, while the full transmission peak of the super unit appears at 468Hz, and the resonance frequency has shifted by 6.0%. Figure 4 The numerical simulation results of Figure b show that within the frequency band of 514 to 963 Hz (defined as the corresponding noise reduction frequency band), the transmission loss of the super unit is greater than 8 dB, and can reach a maximum of 74 dB.

[0041] In order to more intuitively highlight the noise reduction effect of the super unit, four representative frequencies are selected: 500Hz, 536Hz, 700Hz and 934Hz, and the sound pressure field and local velocity streamline distribution of the cross section at each frequency are obtained through numerical simulation. Figure 5 As shown, at the peak frequencies of 536 Hz and 934 Hz, the amplitude of the sound pressure passing through the super unit drops significantly, and a completely silent area (the sound pressure is almost 0) appears on its back side. Due to the strong coupling effect between the spatial coiled structure and the square hole structure, the radiation in the far field is weakened. Between the two peak frequencies (700 Hz), the simulation results show a pattern similar to that at the peak frequency, that is, the sound pressure is significantly reduced. This shows that the sound insulation performance of the super unit is not limited to the two peak frequencies, but is still effective in the frequency range between the two. Outside the two peak frequencies (500 Hz), the sound field shows a completely different pattern from the previous one. Although the pressure amplitude drops, the streamlines parallel to the waveguide show a large amount of sound energy leakage, and the noise reduction effect is poor.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment takes the noise reduction application background of rail transit as an example to optimize the parameters of the structural dimensions of the sound barrier super unit. The noise generated by the train during operation mainly includes bow-net noise, aerodynamic noise, wheel-rail noise, electrical noise, auxiliary equipment noise and structural noise, among which wheel-rail noise radiates noise to the outside world as the main sound source. According to the measured wheel-rail noise spectrum of urban rail transit, the sound energy is mainly concentrated in the frequency band of 500-1000Hz. Taking this frequency band as the frequency design control range of the super unit, the structural dimensions of the super unit (including the outer side length L, the inner side length l and the thickness d3) are optimized to seek the optimal structural parameters that can meet the requirements of actual applications. The goal of optimization is to find a set of optimal structural parameters within the preset parameter range so that the minimum value of the transmission loss (the valley value between two peaks) in the target noise reduction frequency band of 500-1000Hz is maximized, where the preset parameter range is shown in Table 1 below, L is the side length of the square super unit 1, l is the thickness of the square super unit 1, w is the thickness of the partition, d1, d2 and d3 are all the thickness of the winding channel 5, and the step size of each value is 1mm. It should be pointed out that the value range of parameter l is not independent but depends on the parameter L of the same model to prevent model errors and problems such as too large or too small ventilation area.

[0044] Table 1 Preset square super unit structure parameter range

[0045]

[0046] See also Figure 6 This embodiment provides an optimization design method for a sound barrier based on a spatially coiled square super unit array, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Define the global L, l, w, d1, d2 and d3 parameters in COMSOL software. When modeling in COMSOL, assign values ​​to parameters such as the side length and thickness of the 3D model, such as Figure 8 As shown, L is the outer side length of the square super unit 1, l is the inner side length of the square super unit 1, w is the thickness of the partition 4, d1 is the thickness of the first group of coiled channels 5 from left to right, d2 is the thickness of the second group of coiled channels 5 from left to right, and d3 is the thickness of the third group of coiled channels 5 from left to right. The acoustic finite element model of the square super unit 1 is established by using the model developer, and the frequency domain research calculation is run to solve. During the modeling process, material properties are assigned and port boundary conditions are set to simulate the actual situation of the sound barrier. The material property of the acoustic finite element model is air Air, and the boundary condition is a hard sound field boundary. According to the solution calculation results, the octave band transmission loss curve between the incident and receiving ports is drawn, that is, the sound insulation, which is calculated in the software through the sound power at the inlet and outlet of the waveguide. At the same time, the solution calculation data is exported to facilitate subsequent screening work;

[0048] Step 2: Use the APP Builder module that comes with the COMSOL software to create a method in the method branch to calculate the frequency domain study and export the result data. Extract the code snippet from the model builder in step 1, return to the model builder module, and add a call to this method.

[0049] There are two specific methods of operation: the first is to go to the "Development Tools" tab and click Record Method; then, perform a complete series of operations in the Model Builder until you click the "Stop Recording" button; the relevant code will be saved to the new method. The second is to right-click the "Study" branch in the model tree, you will see the Copy to Clipboard as Code submenu, one of the options is Run; select this option to copy the code snippet for running to the clipboard; go to the method editor and paste to view the code, the code extraction for result data export is the same as above;

[0050] Step 3: Enter the COMSOL command in the Windows command prompt CMD to perform parameter traversal modification based on the loop statement. The modification range is the preset parameter range in Table 1 (the preset parameter range is roughly determined by manual trial calculation). The COMSOL command variables related to parameter modification, such as "-pname" and "-plist", etc., can be used for specific usage methods. Refer to the COMSOL command section in the "COMSOL Multiphysics Reference Manual", and call the newly created method in step 2 to complete the model calculation after the parameters are modified once, and obtain the result data, including the new transmission loss curve and calculated data. The new transmission loss curve is also the final calculated data. The curve is drawn based on this data, and the subsequent screening is also for this type of data operation;

[0051] Step 4: Write a parameter traversal program externally through a loop statement to traverse the parameter value code program, so as to call CMD and realize the modification of the input COMSOL command string multiple times in a loop (the meaning of the string in CMD remains unchanged, and only the parameter value in the string is modified), traverse all the dimension parameters within the preset range, all dimension parameters refer to Table 1, repeat step 3, calculate and export the transmission loss result data corresponding to all models within the preset parameter range in turn (the transmission loss curve (continuous curve) of the model constructed by each set of parameters is drawn by the corresponding solution data (discrete points), and there is no relationship between the curves);

[0052] The external program written will modify the parameter values ​​in the command string multiple times, traverse the parameters, and export a set of calculation data each time;

[0053] Step 5: Use the screening program to determine the optimal size parameters. The working principle of the screening program is as follows: Traverse all the calculation result data in step 4 and screen out the size parameter combination that maximizes the average transmission loss of all models in the target frequency band, and use it as the optimal size parameter (the maximum transmission loss is determined by the valley value of the transmission loss in the target frequency band. The screening is to find the minimum value in each group of data and compare the sizes of these minimum values. The parameter corresponding to the largest of these minimum values ​​is the optimal parameter. The screening program is a process of finding minimum and maximum values).

[0054] Step three of this embodiment is performed in CMD (multiple modifications cannot be performed directly), and is the original modified string. Step four is written in another code editor to modify the string in step three CMD (the code editor is not specified, and VS Cold is used in this embodiment), so two steps are written.

[0055] Through the above optimization design method, the optimal parameter super unit model with outer length L = 78mm, inner length l = 34mm, and thickness d3 = 13mm was finally determined. The simulation results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown by the solid line in the middle, compared with the benchmark super unit (dotted line), the optimized super unit has a significant improvement in the noise reduction frequency band width and sound insulation. In the entire target noise reduction frequency band, the minimum transmission loss after optimization can reach 11dB, the average value is 14dB, and the actual noise reduction frequency band where the transmission loss is greater than 11dB is 495-1063Hz. In addition, the total thickness t of the optimized super unit, that is, the thickness of the sound barrier, is a deep sub-wavelength size of only 65mm, about λ / 12, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of 436Hz at the first resonance point.

[0056] Embodiment 3

[0057] According to the characteristics of acoustic Fano resonance, the square super unit 1 structures with different structural parameters have different corresponding noise reduction frequency bands. By using a certain combination of square super units 1 with multiple different parameters, the noise reduction frequency band can be widened to reach the target frequency band of 500-1750 Hz. The square super unit 1 with optimized parameters for wheel-rail noise in the frequency band of 500-1000 Hz in Example 2 is now used as the main super unit. According to the characteristics of the noise reduction frequency band of the main super unit, the parameter optimization method in Example 2 is still used to select an auxiliary super unit that can make up for the insufficient noise reduction effect. The specific structural parameters of the main super unit and the auxiliary super unit required to construct the ultra-wideband sound barrier are shown in Table 2 below. The transmission loss curves of the main and auxiliary super units in the frequency range of 200-2000 Hz are obtained through simulation calculation.

[0058] Table 2 Structural parameters of main super unit and auxiliary super unit (unit: mm)

[0059]

[0060] In the process of auxiliary super unit parameter optimization, it is important to note that the resonance point frequencies of the two super units should not be too close, otherwise the new structure composed of the two will resonate within the target noise reduction frequency range. At this time, a large number of sound waves near the resonance frequency of the structure will pass through, which is very unfavorable for the ultra-wideband noise reduction of the sound barrier.

[0061] In order to avoid multiple resonance points of the main super unit and the auxiliary super unit appearing in the target noise reduction frequency band, the two super units are arranged separately, that is, the first layer of the sound barrier only uses the main super unit, and the second layer only uses the auxiliary super unit. The combined structural unit of the double-layer sound barrier constructed by these two super units, such as Fig. 9 As shown in , there are two types: the first type is a combination of four main super units as the first layer and nine auxiliary super units as the second layer, denoted as type I unit, such as Fig. 9 The dotted box part shown in part (a) of the figure has a center distance of 70 mm between layers. The second type is a combination of a main super unit and an auxiliary super unit, which is recorded as a type II unit. Fig. 9 In the dotted box part shown in part (b), the auxiliary super unit is embedded in the outer embedded plate of the same thickness, the centers of the main and auxiliary super units are located on the same normal line and the center distance between the layers is 70 mm.

[0062] In the pressure acoustics module, acoustic models of type I and type II units are established respectively, and the two are placed in the corresponding rectangular waveguides. A plane wave is input into the acoustic wave excitation port, and the transmission loss curves are obtained by solving, as shown in the figure. Fig.10 As shown in parts (a) and (b) of FIG.

[0063] Overall, in the entire target frequency range, the double-layer combination unit shows ultra-wideband noise reduction performance. For the type I unit, the transmission loss curve has more mutation values, especially in the high-frequency range, but it can basically achieve 10dB and above sound insulation in the entire frequency band of 500-1750Hz, and the average sound insulation is 20.5dB, achieving ultra-wideband and efficient noise reduction effect. Only around 700Hz and 1000Hz, the full sound transmission window is opened. Due to the extremely narrow frequency range, the influence of this resonance is actually not very significant for the entire frequency band. The noise reduction effect is very small, and the transmission loss curve of the Type II unit in the target frequency range of 500-1750Hz is relatively smooth. Except for the 600-700Hz frequency band with a small sound insulation of 5-10dB, the other frequency bands can achieve efficient sound insulation of more than 10dB, with an average sound insulation of 21.5dB. In addition, there is no complete sound transmission in the ultra-wide frequency band of 200-2000Hz, maintaining the continuity of the efficient noise reduction frequency range, which shows that this arrangement combination method has effectively weakened the adverse effects of the resonance points of the two original super units.

[0064] For the double-layer sound barrier designed in the third embodiment of the present invention, both the type I and type II units achieve ultra-wideband high-efficiency noise reduction in the target frequency band of 500-1750 Hz, and the average transmission loss in this frequency range exceeds 20 dB.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sound barrier of a spatially coiled square super unit array, comprising a square super unit (1), characterized in that: The square super unit (1) is provided with a plurality of groups and is distributed in an array. The square super unit (1) is designed in a square surround and is surrounded by four groups of space winding boxes (2). The space winding boxes (2) include a square frame (3) and a partition (4) fixed inside the square frame (3). The front and rear sides of the square frame (3) are designed to be open. The partitions (4) are staggeredly distributed inside the square frame (3) to form a winding channel (5).

2. The sound barrier of the spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the partition (4) is smaller than the height of the square frame (3), and the height of the winding channel (5) is larger than the height of the partition (4).

3. The sound barrier of the spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 1, characterized in that: A square hole formed by four groups of space winding boxes (2) is provided in the middle of the square super unit (1) for airflow to pass through.

4. The sound barrier of the spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plates (4) are provided in seven groups, four of which are fixed on one side of the interior of the square frame (3), and the other three are fixed on the other side of the interior of the square frame (3).

5. The sound barrier of the spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding channels (5) are provided with six groups, and the six groups of winding channels (5) are distributed in a mirror-image symmetrical manner with the partition plate (4) at the middle position inside the square frame (3) as the center line.

6. The sound barrier of the spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the square super unit (1) is equal to the sum of the total thickness of the partition (4) and the total thickness of the winding channel (5).

7. The optimization design method for the sound barrier of the spatially coiled square super unit array as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Define global parameters in COMSOL software, establish an acoustic finite element model of the square super unit (1), and run a frequency domain study calculation to solve the problem. Draw a transmission loss curve based on the solution calculation results, and export the solution calculation data. Step 2: Use the APP Builder module that comes with the COMSOL software to create a method for frequency domain study calculations and result data export code in the method branch, return to the Model Builder module, and add a call to this method; Step 3: Enter the COMSOL command in the Windows command prompt CMD to modify the model parameters, and call the method created in step 2 to complete the model calculation after the modified parameters to obtain the result data; Step 4: Write a parameter traversal program externally to call CMD and implement multiple cycles to modify the input COMSOL command string, traverse all dimensional parameters within the preset range, repeat step 3, and calculate and export the transmission loss result data corresponding to all models within the preset parameter range in turn; Step 5: Use the screening program to determine the optimal size parameters, traverse all the calculation result data in step 4 and screen out the size parameter combination that maximizes the average transmission loss of all models in the target frequency band, and use it as the optimal size parameter.

8. The optimization design method of a sound barrier of a spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In the step 1, when establishing the acoustic finite element model of the square super unit (1), material properties are assigned and boundary conditions are set.

9. The optimization design method of a sound barrier of a spatially coiled square super unit array according to claim 7 is characterized by: In the step 5, when selecting the optimal size parameters, the lowest value of the transmission loss of all models in the target frequency band is selected, and the maximum value among the lowest values ​​is compared, and the corresponding set of model sizes is the optimal size parameters.

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