Dressing and smelting combined process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc in copper-zinc sulfide ore

Abstract

The invention relates to a dressing and smelting combined process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc in copper-zinc sulfide ore, which is characterized in that copper-zinc sulfide ore is used as a raw material, and a dressing and smelting combined process flow of bulk flotation-oxygen pressure acid leaching is adopted, so that copper and zinc leaching liquid is obtained, and effective recovery of copper and zinc is realized. The method comprises the following specific steps: crushing and screening the copper-zinc sulfide ore, and grinding an ore sample meeting the granularity to obtain ore pulp; the ore pulp is subjected to sectional bulk flotation of two times of roughing and three times of scavenging under the required flotation concentration; and the obtained copper-zinc bulk concentrate is directly subjected to oxygen pressure acid leaching after being finely ground, and finally a leaching solution containing copper and zinc is obtained. According to the method, the copper and the zinc in the copper-zinc sulfide ore are effectively recycled in a mixed segmented flotation and oxygen pressure leaching mode, the technological process is simple, the reagent consumption is reduced, the copper and zinc dressing and smelting combined recycling rate can reach 86.5% or above, the copper and zinc dressing and smelting combined recycling rate can reach 91.5% or above, and efficient recycling of the copper and the zinc is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mineral processing and hydrometallurgy, and in particular to a combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores. Background Art

[0002] Copper-zinc ore has a complex nature. Although it has abundant reserves, the recovery rate of mineral processing is not high. Most of the existing copper-zinc sulfide ores have complex inter-inclusion, embedded particle size and associated relationships, and it is difficult to effectively recover them using traditional flotation methods. How to develop these multi-metal copper-zinc sulfide ores is an urgent issue.

[0003] There are many mineral processing technologies for the separation of copper-zinc sulfide ores, but the traditional priority flotation and mixed flotation and separation flotation are still the main principle processes for the flotation of complex multi-metallic copper-zinc sulfide ores. Whether it is the traditional "zinc suppression and copper flotation" priority flotation method or copper-zinc mixed flotation-mixed concentrate copper-zinc separation, the final products obtained through separation are copper concentrate and zinc concentrate. The separation process of copper and zinc must have the problem of high zinc content in copper concentrate affecting the concentrate quality and reduced zinc recovery rate when selecting zinc from copper tails, resulting in a waste of zinc resources. At present, copper-zinc mixed concentrate is also treated by roasting-acid leaching, chloride leaching, electrochemical regulation and microbial leaching. These processes are mainly for the purpose of copper recovery, and are not well adapted to zinc recovery processes. In addition, the following problems exist: the roasting-leaching method is not only energy-intensive and complex to operate, but also causes environmental pollution; the cost of chloride leaching is high, the equipment is corrosive and the equipment operation requirements are high; the technology for stable regulation of the potential of the leaching system is not yet mature, the cycle of microbial leaching is long, and the leaching rate is generally low.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a process that can effectively treat these copper-zinc sulfide ores and achieve simultaneous and efficient recovery of copper and zinc. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low recovery rate of zinc, mutual inclusion of copper and zinc in concentrate, waste of zinc resources, etc. when the prior art processes copper-zinc sulfide minerals, and to provide a method for efficiently recovering copper and zinc minerals from copper-zinc sulfide minerals to obtain a leaching solution containing copper and zinc ions, thereby avoiding waste of copper and zinc minerals and facilitating subsequent separation and processing of copper and zinc. The present invention proposes a new idea of ​​synergistic leaching, the purpose of which is to avoid waste of copper and zinc resources and ensure the recovery rate of copper and zinc minerals. The mixed synchronous flotation-synergistic leaching process is used to efficiently recover copper and zinc in the raw ore, avoiding loss of copper and zinc in the intermediate links, and providing easy-to-handle raw materials for subsequent copper and zinc separation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A combined beneficiation and smelting process for the simultaneous and efficient recovery of copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores. The process adopts a segmented mixed flotation method to prepare a copper-zinc mixed concentrate for simultaneous recovery of copper and zinc in view of the different flotation rates of copper and zinc minerals. The obtained mixed concentrate is directly subjected to oxygen pressure acid leaching to simultaneously obtain copper and zinc leaching solutions, which can efficiently recover copper and zinc minerals from copper-zinc sulfide ores. The process specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) crushing and screening the copper-zinc sulfide ore, mixing and reducing the ore sample with the qualified particle size, and then grinding the ore to obtain ore slurry;

[0009] (2) subjecting the obtained ore pulp to segmented mixed flotation to prepare a copper-zinc mixed concentrate;

[0010] (3) The copper-zinc mixed concentrate is finely ground and then directly subjected to oxygen pressure acid leaching to achieve efficient recovery of copper and zinc.

[0011] Preferably, the copper-zinc sulfide ore in step (1) mainly contains chalcopyrite and sphalerite, and contains a small amount of ferrospinite, sphalerite, zinc carbonate, etc. Using the process of the present invention, the combined recovery rates of copper and zinc beneficiation reach 86.5% and 91.5% or more, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 60%-70%.

[0013] Preferably, the weight concentration of the mixed flotation pulp in step (2) is 30%-40%; and the pH value of the pulp is 9.5-10.5.

[0014] Preferably, the mixed flotation in step (2) adopts a process flow of "two roughing selections - three cleaning selections" to simultaneously recover copper and zinc.

[0015] The dosage of reagents for the two roughing and three sweeping selections is calculated according to the weight of the original ore, and the process is as follows:

[0016] Roughing I, for the purpose of quickly recovering copper sulfide minerals and some easily floating zinc minerals, adds 100-300g / t of inhibitor water glass in sequence; combined collectors: isobutyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200, wherein the amount of isobutyl xanthate is 150-250g / t, butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200 are half of the amount of isobutyl xanthate respectively; the amount of frother 2# oil is 30-50g / t;

[0017] Roughing II, the main purpose is to recover zinc iron spinel, sphalerite and zinc carbonate, etc., the second roughing agent copper sulfate is added in turn 80-150g / t; combined collectors: isobutyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200, of which the dosage of isobutyl xanthate is 150-250g / t, butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200 are half of the dosage of isobutyl xanthate respectively; the dosage of frother 2# oil is 30-50g / t;

[0018] In scavenging I, scavenging II and scavenging III, 30-50 g / t of copper sulfate as activator is added in turn; combined collectors: isobutyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200, wherein the amount of isobutyl xanthate added is 60-110 g / t, and the amount of butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200 is half of the amount of isobutyl xanthate; 30-50 g / t of frother 2# oil.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the grinding fineness is -0.037 mm, accounting for more than 90%, the liquid-to-solid ratio (weight ratio) of the oxygen pressure acid leaching slurry is 5:1-8:1, the leaching temperature is 120-180°C, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5-0.8Mpa, the sulfuric acid concentration is 130-170g / L, the leaching time is 1-3h, and copper and zinc are leached simultaneously.

[0020] The higher the copper and zinc grades of the leached materials of the present invention are, the greater the liquid-to-solid ratio is during leaching; and the lower the copper and zinc grades of the leached materials are, the smaller the liquid-to-solid ratio is during leaching.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0022] The two roughing methods in the present invention can solve the problem of different flotation rates of copper and zinc minerals, and reflect the recovery principle of early recovery. The three scavenging methods are mainly used to strengthen the recovery of copper and zinc minerals and reflect the recovery principle of full recovery. The segmented mixed flotation process based on this "two roughing-three scavenging" can effectively improve and fully guarantee the recovery rate of copper and zinc minerals. Compared with the commonly used priority flotation and separation flotation processes, the copper and zinc recovery rate is high, the process is simple, the flotation time is short, and the reagent consumption and production cost are reduced; the oxygen pressure acid leaching method can directly obtain copper and zinc metal ions, which is convenient for metal recovery and increases the added value of products. At the same time, it avoids roasting the concentrate before leaching and reduces environmental pollution. The comprehensive recovery rates of copper and zinc beneficiation can reach 86.5% and 91.5% respectively, realizing the efficient recovery of copper and zinc sulfide ores. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a process schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the copper-zinc sulfide ore (copper grade of 2.36%, zinc grade of 3.69%) was ground, and the grinding fineness was -0.074mm accounting for 65%, and then mixed flotation was carried out. The mixed flotation added the flotation reagents of "isobutyl xanthate + butyl ammonium black medicine + Z-200", and the segmented flotation process of "two roughing selections-three sweeping selections" was adopted. The flotation recovery rates of copper and zinc can reach 94.05% and 93.77% respectively. The obtained copper-zinc mixed concentrate was finely ground to a grinding fineness of -0.037mm accounting for 91%, and oxygen pressure acid leaching was carried out, with a liquid-solid ratio of 6:1, a leaching temperature of 160℃, an oxygen partial pressure of 0.5Mpa, a sulfuric acid concentration of 150g / L, and a leaching time of 2.5h. The leaching rates of copper and zinc can reach 92.89% and 98.74% respectively. The comprehensive recovery rates of copper and zinc can reach 87.36% and 92.59% respectively.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the copper-zinc sulfide ore (copper grade of 2.28%, zinc grade of 3.52%) was ground, and the grinding fineness was -0.074mm accounting for 60%, and then mixed flotation was carried out. The mixed flotation adopts the process of "two roughing selections-three sweeping selections", and the flotation reagents of "isobutyl xanthate + butyl ammonium black medicine + Z-200" are added. The flotation recovery rates of copper and zinc can reach 93.25% and 92.87% respectively. The obtained copper-zinc mixed concentrate is finely ground to a grinding fineness of -0.037mm accounting for 90%, and oxygen pressure acid leaching is carried out, the liquid-solid ratio is 8:1, the leaching temperature is 150℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.4Mpa, the sulfuric acid concentration is 140g / L, the leaching time is 3h, and the leaching rates of copper and zinc can reach 93.23% and 99.05% respectively. The comprehensive recovery rates of copper and zinc beneficiation can reach 86.94% and 91.99% respectively.

[0029] Embodiment 3:

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the copper-zinc sulfide ore (copper grade of 2.47%, zinc grade of 3.88%) was ground, and the grinding fineness was -0.074mm accounting for 68%, and then mixed flotation was carried out. The mixed flotation adopts the "two roughing-three sweeping" process, and the flotation reagents of "isobutyl xanthate + butyl ammonium black medicine + Z-200" are added. The flotation recovery rates of copper and zinc can reach 93.35% and 92.73% respectively. The obtained copper-zinc mixed concentrate is finely ground to a grinding fineness of -0.037mm accounting for 95%, and oxygen pressure acid leaching is carried out. The liquid-solid ratio is 6:1, the leaching temperature is 170℃, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.6Mpa, the sulfuric acid concentration is 160g / L, the leaching time is 2h, and the leaching rates of copper and zinc can reach 93.73% and 99.11% respectively. The comprehensive recovery rates of copper and zinc beneficiation can reach 87.5% and 92.52% respectively. The effective recovery of copper and zinc is achieved.

[0031] In summary, the present invention effectively recovers copper and zinc in copper-zinc sulfide ore by mixed segmented flotation and oxygen pressure leaching, and the process flow is simple, the reagent consumption is reduced, and the combined recovery rates of copper and zinc beneficiation can reach 86.5% and 91.5% or more, respectively, realizing efficient recovery of copper and zinc.

[0032] The above are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make certain modifications to the above embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications and changes to the present invention that do not deviate from its spirit and scope should be within the scope defined by the claims attached to the invention.

Claims

1. A combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, taking copper-zinc sulfide ore for crushing and screening, mixing and reducing the ore sample with qualified particle size, and then grinding the ore to obtain ore slurry; Step 2, subjecting the slurry to segmented mixed flotation to prepare a copper-zinc mixed concentrate; Step 3, finely grinding the copper-zinc mixed concentrate and directly performing oxygen pressure acid leaching to achieve efficient recovery of copper and zinc.

2. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The copper-zinc sulfide ore is mainly composed of chalcopyrite and sphalerite, and contains a small amount of ferrospinite, sphalerite and zinc carbonate. The recovery rates of copper and zinc smelting are above 86.5% and 91.5% respectively.

3. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 1, grinding to a fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 60%-70%.

4. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 2, the weight concentration of the ore pulp is 30%-40%, and the pH value is 9.5-10.

5.

5. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 2, the segmented mixed flotation adopts a process flow of two roughing selections and three scavenging selections to simultaneously recover copper and zinc.

6. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The two roughing selections and three sweeping selections are as follows: Roughing I, adding inhibitor, combined collector and frother in sequence to quickly recover copper sulfide minerals and some easily floatable zinc minerals; Roughing II, adding an activator, a combined collector and a frother in sequence to recover ferrospinite, sphalerite and zinc carbonate; In the sweep I, sweep II and sweep III, an activator, a combined collector and a frother are added in sequence.

7. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The dosage of the reagents is based on the weight of the original ore: The inhibitor is water glass, which is added in an amount of 100-300 g / t during rough selection. The activator is copper sulfate, and the amount added in roughing II is 80-150 g / t, and the amount added in scavenging I, scavenging II and scavenging III is 30-50 g / t; The combined collector is composed of isobutyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200. In roughing I and roughing II, the amount of isobutyl xanthate is 150-250 g / t, and the amount of butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200 is half of the amount of isobutyl xanthate; in scavenging I, scavenging II and scavenging III, the amount of isobutyl xanthate is 60-110 g / t, and the amount of butyl ammonium black medicine and Z-200 is half of the amount of isobutyl xanthate; The foaming agent is 2# oil, and the dosage in each link is 30-50g / t.

8. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the grinding fineness is -0.037 mm accounting for more than 90%.

9. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: In step 3, the liquid-to-solid ratio of the leached ore slurry is 5:1-8:1, the leaching temperature is 120-180° C., the oxygen partial pressure is 0.5-0.8 MPa, the sulfuric acid concentration is 130-170 g / L, the leaching time is 1-3 h, and copper and zinc are leached simultaneously.

10. The combined beneficiation and smelting process for synchronously and efficiently recovering copper and zinc from copper-zinc sulfide ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The higher the copper and zinc grades of the leaching materials, the greater the liquid-to-solid ratio during leaching; the lower the copper and zinc grades of the leaching materials, the smaller the liquid-to-solid ratio during leaching.

Images