Rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation system and its deployment method

Abstract

The present application relates to a rainwater collection and treatment and carbon fixation system and its deployment method, and to the field of rainwater pollutant purification. The rainwater collection and treatment device of the present invention integrates the seaweed carbon fixation function, and thus has the dual functions of rainwater collection and purification, and carbon fixation. The bionic starfish bottom of the system also leaves ample leisure space, integrating the quality improvement of urban water storage and public leisure space, and is a complex of landscape leisure + rainwater collection + rainwater purification + carbon fixation and emission reduction with development and application potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rainwater pollutant purification and carbon fixation, and in particular to a rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation system and its deployment method. This application is a divisional application of CN202410495788.1. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion and improvement of my country's highway network, the requirements for ecological and environmental protection in highway construction and operation are increasing. In particular, the construction of cross-sea and cross-river channels in the Bay Area has accelerated in recent years. In the Pearl River Estuary alone, there are a total of 12 cross-river (sea) channels planned to be built. However, some sections of cross-sea highway channels will inevitably be adjacent to or pass through environmentally sensitive areas such as mangrove reserves and marine habitats. Affected by global warming, the risk of sea level rise has increased, and typhoons and extreme rainfall climates have occurred frequently. Due to the limited area of ​​new infrastructure sites for service facilities along highways such as artificial islands at sea, and the limited surface infiltration capacity of green spaces, large areas of waterlogging are likely to occur in the site. Affected by the wear of motor vehicle tires and exhaust emissions in the site, the initial concentration of pollutants in rainwater runoff is relatively high. If the rainfall runoff in the site cannot be quickly and efficiently controlled, it is very easy to cause water pollution in the surrounding bays.

[0003] In order to alleviate the impact of road runoff on surrounding sensitive water bodies, some management measures for the infiltration, sedimentation and accumulation of surface runoff have been proposed at home and abroad. As a sustainable rainwater management measure that combines ecological protection and economic beauty, it uses ecological "source control" technology to reduce the pollution load of runoff, while controlling the surface runoff, replenishing groundwater, and protecting receiving water bodies. At present, the rainwater infiltration system in highway service areas and other areas is mostly surface infiltration such as green space, and most of the rainwater is indirectly recharged into groundwater after infiltration through green vegetation and soil. This type of facility has two disadvantages in the rainwater control system of artificial islands along cross-sea channels: on the one hand, the green area of ​​the site is small and the infiltration capacity is difficult to cope with the extreme rainfall in the marine environment, and there is still a certain risk of waterlogging and water pollution in the site; on the other hand, the infiltration into the green space is difficult to collect through pipes and then store and reuse, and most artificial islands are located in the sea and often lack green water for irrigating green spaces. If the infiltrated rainwater can be collected and included in the reuse system, the maximum utilization of freshwater resources will be achieved, which is more in line with the actual needs of stormwater management on artificial islands in the sea.

[0004] In view of the rainfall characteristics and actual needs of rainwater control facilities in the service facilities area along the cross-river (sea) channels such as artificial islands in the sea, the inventor has conducted in-depth research and development, and proposed a rainwater purification and carbon fixation device system based on the starfish bionic structure and its deployment method. The rainwater purification system cleverly uses the dual functions of carbon fixation and purification, and the visual appearance allows the public to intuitively experience the concept of environmental protection design. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the existing technical problems, the present application provides a rainwater purification and carbon fixation device system based on a starfish bionic structure and a deployment method thereof.

[0006] The present application provides a rainwater purification and carbon fixation device system based on a starfish bionic structure, comprising a water storage tank 1, wherein the surface of the water storage tank 1 is provided with five water inlets, the surface of the collecting device 2 extends from the top of the water storage tank 1 downward in five directions, forming five starfish-like brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structures, each of which is a gradient structure with a low middle and high sides, a purification bag 3 is arranged at the bottom of the collecting device 2, the inner cavity of the purification bag 3 is composed of a three-layer structure, a confluence layer 4 is arranged at the bottom, a packing layer 5 is arranged on the top of the confluence layer 4, and a planting layer 6 is arranged on the top of the packing layer 5, and five diversion grooves 11 connected to the bottoms of the five starfish-like brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structures are arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank 1, the five diversion grooves 11 are respectively connected to the five collection holes at the bottom of the starfish-like brachiopod structure, and the diversion grooves 11 are arranged above ground or underground.

[0007] Furthermore, a first opening and closing plate is provided in the top center area of ​​the water storage tank 1, a second opening and closing plate 7 is provided on the top of the purification bag 3, an opening 8 is provided on the top of the second opening and closing plate 7, a baffle 9 is provided in the inner cavity of the opening 8, two symmetrical limiting rods are welded on the top of the baffle 9, a guide tube 10 is provided at the bottom of the opening 8, and the guide tube 10 is connected to the guide groove 11.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixing frame 13 is welded to the top of the collecting device 2, and a rotating bracket 14 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixing frame 13, and a photovoltaic panel 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating bracket 14; the center point of the collecting device 2 is an arc, and the cross-section of each imitation starfish arm rainwater collection and purification structure of the collecting device 2 is an arc-shaped gradient V-shape, and the angle is 80-100°; the outer edge of the surface of each imitation starfish arm rainwater collection and purification structure is provided with an LED lamp 12, and the LED lamp 12 is made of waterproof material, and the LED lamp 12 can change color.

[0009] Furthermore, each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure in the collection device 2 is composed of a primary frame and a double-layer translucent bioplastic, wherein the primary frame is composed of a bent and welded steel pipe, and the uppermost layer of the double-layer translucent bioplastic is composed of a plurality of continuous square pockets, the side of the pocket is open, and the inner cavity thereof is filled with a microalgae bag; the microalgae bag can be filled with common Chlorella and / or Haematococcus pluvialis, wherein the nutrient solution of common Chlorella includes 60mg / L glucose, 12mg / L KH2PO4, 30mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 50mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 10mg / LCaCl2·2H2O, 30μmol·L -1 ABA, 50 μmol·L -1 Melatonin; The nutrient solution of Haematococcus pluvialis includes 60mg / L glucose, 20mg / L KH2PO4, 40mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 30mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 20mg / LCaCl2·2H2O, 20μmol·L -1 Melatonin.

[0010] Furthermore, the confluence layer 4 is 200mm-300mm thick and is the bottom layer of the purification bag. This layer is filled with 20mm gravel. This layer allows the rainwater purified and filtered by the upper layer to flow out of the purification bag through a pipe buried at the bottom of this layer and is collected in a water storage tank through the pipe for secondary utilization; the filler layer 5 is 500mm-600mm thick and is the core layer of the purification bag. This layer is filled with activated carbon, zeolite, sawdust, fine sand, and 10mm gravel evenly mixed fillers with a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:1:3:4.

[0011] Furthermore, the planting layer 6 is 200 mm thick and is the top layer of the purification bag. This layer is planted with shallow-rooted vegetation that adapts to the bay climate. The vegetation grows to a height of 200 mm to 300 mm, which enhances the landscape effect of the rest space below the device. The planting layer mainly contains soilless cultivation matrix and adsorption slow-release fertilizer. The soilless cultivation matrix includes peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, and sawdust in a volume ratio of 3:1:1:1. The amount of adsorption slow-release fertilizer added is 15% v / v of the amount of soilless cultivation matrix added. The adsorption slow-release fertilizer is: wood ash, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder, humic acid granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2 mm, and polyacrylamide granules with a particle size of 5 mm, which are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:3:2. When used, the above mixture is mixed with a small amount of adhesive and water and then used. The adhesive is paper pulp or other commonly used adhesives.

[0012] In addition, another embodiment of the present application is to provide a rainwater purification and carbon fixation system based on the starfish bionic structure, including a water storage tank 1, which is a pentagon and has a pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism on the top. The pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism extends downward to form five starfish-like arm-foot rainwater collection and purification structures. The pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is composed of a pentagonal structure support frame, and its top is raised so that rainwater can flow from the top of the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism to the edge. The starfish-like arm-foot rainwater collection and purification mechanism is composed of an arm-foot structure support frame and a side water storage tank 33. The bottom of the starfish-like arm-foot rainwater collection and purification mechanism extends to the inner cavity of the side water storage tank 33. The side water storage tank 33 is connected to the water storage tank 1 through an underground water pipe. The pentagonal structure support frame includes five A support rod 21 is provided, and the five support rods 21 are respectively welded to the five corners of the top of the pentagonal water tank 1. The top of the water tank 1 is provided with a top pentagonal support plate 22, and the five corners of the support rod 21 and the top pentagonal support plate 22 are welded by a diagonal tie rod 23; side diagonal tie rods 24 are welded at the centers of the five sides of the top of the water tank 1, and the side diagonal tie rods 24 are welded to the top of the support rod 21 away from the side of the water tank 1, and two connecting rods 25 are welded to the five corners of the top pentagonal support plate 22, and the bottom of the connecting rod 25 is welded to the center of the top edge of the water tank 1, and a center rod 26 is welded between the centers of the five sides of the top pentagonal support plate 22 and the center of the top edge of the water tank 1; a photovoltaic panel 15 is also installed on the top of the pentagonal structural support frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the arm-foot structure support frame includes an arm-foot middle rod 32, the top of which is welded to the center of the top edge of the water storage tank 1, and arm-foot side rods 31 are welded to both sides of the bottom of the arm-foot middle rod 32, the top of which is welded to the top of the support rod 21, and the bottom of the arm-foot middle rod 32 extends to the inner cavity of the side water storage tank 33; the side water storage tank 33 is an edge translucent structure or a fully transparent structure, and is a semi-underground structure or a fully above-ground structure. A first opening and closing plate is provided in the top center area of ​​the water storage tank 1, and a second opening and closing plate 7 is provided in the lower part of each starfish-like arm-foot rainwater collection and purification structure, and the second opening and closing plate 7 is connected to the water storage tank 1 through a rainwater collection channel 71, and the inner cavity of the rainwater collection channel 71 is a staggered arrangement of microfilter plates 72, and rainwater can flow into the water storage tank through the staggered arrangement of the microfilter plates in the inner cavity of the second opening and closing plate 7.

[0014] In addition, the present application also provides a method for laying out a rainwater purification and carbon fixation system based on any of the above-mentioned starfish bionic structures, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Construct multiple rainwater purification and carbon fixation systems with starfish-like structures in areas with severe impact on surrounding sensitive water bodies or in service facilities along the cross-sea passages of artificial islands in the sea, forming centralized rainwater collection and pollutant purification areas;

[0016] (2) The initial rainwater is collected and purified by the rainwater collection and purification structure imitating the arm of a starfish, and the filtered rainwater enters the inner cavity of the water storage tank through the pipe. The rainwater is stored in the water storage tank to prevent the initial polluted rainwater from affecting the water quality of the surrounding bay, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the water quality of the surrounding bay;

[0017] (3) A first opening and closing plate is provided on the top of the water storage tank, and a second opening and closing plate is also provided on each imitation starfish arm foot rainwater collection and purification structure. When the rainfall in the middle and late periods continues or increases, since the water quality of the rainwater in the middle and late periods is relatively good, the above one or more opening and closing plates are opened, and the rainwater is directly collected by the water storage tank. The inner cavity of the water storage tank is provided with a corrosion-resistant mesh filter plate, which can also meet the function of rainwater purification;

[0018] (4) The surface of each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure is composed of a double-layer translucent bioplastic, the uppermost layer of the double-layer translucent bioplastic is composed of a plurality of continuous square pockets, the side of the pocket is open, and the inner cavity is filled with a microalgae bag; the microalgae bag can be filled with common Chlorella and / or Haematococcus pluvialis, and the outside is sealed with a waterproof and breathable membrane; the entire imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure presents a green or red landscape effect; the microalgae bags are regularly maintained and replaced, and the microalgae have a carbon fixation effect. The replaced microalgae can be processed into plant fertilizer or animal feed to continue to benefit;

[0019] (5) A leisure space is arranged under each starfish-like armilla rainwater collection and purification structure, integrating urban rainwater purification and collection with urban public leisure space, allowing the public to experience the process of rainwater collection and management.

[0020] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention collects rainwater through a collecting device, so that the rainwater flows through the top of the collecting device into the inner cavity of the purification bag, and filters the rainwater in sequence through the planting layer, the filling layer and the confluence layer, so that the filtered rainwater enters the inner cavity of the water storage tank through the guide groove, and the rainwater is stored in the water storage tank, so as to avoid the initial polluted rainwater from affecting the water quality of the surrounding bays, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the water quality of the surrounding bays.

[0022] 2. The present invention uses LED lamps, fixing brackets, rotating brackets and photovoltaic panels in combination. The photovoltaic panels generate electricity to power the LED lamps, so that the LED lamps change color according to the quality of rainwater, avoiding users from being unable to know in time when the water quality changes, and facilitating users to control the quality of rainwater.

[0023] 3. The rainwater purification and carbon fixation system of the present invention can not only purify pollutants in rainwater and implement rainwater management, but its most important function is that it can also provide the public with a leisure place. There is ample leisure space at the bottom of the bionic starfish, which integrates the quality improvement of urban water storage and urban public leisure space, and conducts scientific popularization of rainwater collection, purification and utilization to the public, allowing the public to participate in environmental protection, and building a complex of landscape leisure + rainwater collection + rainwater purification + carbon fixation and emission reduction with development potential. The multifunctional facility integrating leisure, entertainment and static appreciation is the first of its kind in the present invention. The rainwater collection device of the present invention integrates seaweed carbon fixation and cleverly uses the rainwater purification system with dual functions of carbon fixation and purification. The visual appearance allows the public to intuitively feel the system of environmental protection design concepts, and it is non-obvious.

[0024] 4. We screened out the algae species that are suitable for survival in the space of the bionic starfish's arms. By simulating the closed (sealed with a waterproof and breathable membrane) space growth environment of the bionic starfish purification device in the field in an artificial climate incubator, we first screened out the algae species that are suitable for survival, namely common Chlorella and Haematococcus pluvialis. Based on the bionic experiment, we obtained the nutrient solution ratio for filling the above algae into the bionic starfish arms in the field. The nutrient solution suitable for Chlorella includes 60mg / L glucose, 12mg / LKH2PO4, 30mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 50mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 10mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 30μmol·L -1 ABA, 50 μmol·L -1 MT. The nutrient solution suitable for Haematococcus pluvialis includes 60mg / L glucose, 20mg / L KH2PO4, 40mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 30mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 20mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 20μmol·L -1 Melatonin. Among them, calcium and magnesium are important elements that promote the growth and development of algae. The combination of MgSO4·7H2O and CaCl2·2H2O can better promote the development of algae. C / N is also a key factor. Our research found that it affects the carbon fixation efficiency and biomass accumulation of microalgae. In addition, abscisic acid + melatonin can increase the antioxidant enzyme activity of Chlorella vulgaris and delay the degradation of chlorophyll. The use of melatonin can improve the stress resistance of Haematococcus pluvialis and is also conducive to the accumulation of chlorophyll a in Haematococcus pluvialis.

[0025] 5. In order to let the public intuitively experience the process of rainwater purification and penetration, we have also designed a three-layer composite purification structure, that is, the first layer uses wood ash, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder, humic acid granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2mm, and polyacrylamide granules with a particle size of 5mm, which are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:3:2 to form an adsorption slow-release fertilizer, and finally added to the cultivation matrix to form a planting layer; the second layer uses a filler layer formed by mixing activated carbon, zeolite, sawdust, fine sand, and 10mm gravel in a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:1:3:4; the third layer is a 20mm gravel confluence layer. The three-layer structure of the present invention cooperates with each other, and after combination, it can significantly reduce organic pollutants in rainwater. Through simulated rainfall experiments, the pollutants at the bottom of the confluence layer can be reduced by more than 90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 The structure of the present invention Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structural collection structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional installation schematic diagram of another embodiment of the structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a pentagonal water reservoir and a pentagonal structural support frame in another embodiment of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a pentagonal water reservoir and a pentagonal photovoltaic installation frame in another embodiment of the structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the opening and closing plate structure and the collecting pipe of another embodiment of the structure of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the inner cavity of the opening and closing plate structure.

[0035] Fig.10 This is a graph showing the growth of algal cell density of Chlorella vulgaris.

[0036] Fig.11 This is a graph showing the growth of chlorophyll a in Chlorella vulgaris.

[0037] Fig.12This is a graph showing the growth of algal cell density of Haematococcus pluvialis.

[0038] Fig.13 This is the growth graph of chlorophyll a in Haematococcus pluvialis.

[0039] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. water storage tank; 2. collecting device; 21. support rod; 22. top pentagonal support plate; 23. diagonal tie rod; 24. side diagonal tie rod; 25. connecting rod; 26. center rod; 3. purification bag; 31. arm-foot side rod; 32. arm-foot middle rod; 33. side water storage tank; 4. confluence layer; 5. packing layer; 6. planting layer; 7. second opening and closing plate; 71. rainwater collection channel; 72. microfiltration plate; 8. opening; 9. baffle; 10. guide tube; 11. guide trough; 12. LED lamp; 13. fixing frame; 14. rotating bracket; 15. photovoltaic panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is combined with Figure 1-13 This application is described in further detail.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] Combination Figure 1-4 The embodiment of the present application discloses a rainwater purification and carbon fixation device system based on a starfish bionic structure. The present application provides a rainwater purification and carbon fixation device system based on a starfish bionic structure, comprising a water storage tank 1, the surface of the water storage tank 1 is provided with five water inlets, the surface of the collecting device 2 extends from the top of the water storage tank 1 downward in five directions, forming five imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structures, each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure is a gradient structure with a low middle and high sides, a purification bag 3 is arranged at the bottom of the collecting device 2, the inner cavity of the purification bag 3 is composed of a three-layer structure, a confluence layer 4 is arranged at the bottom, a packing layer 5 is arranged on the top of the confluence layer 4, and a planting layer 6 is arranged on the top of the packing layer 5, and five diversion grooves 11 connected to the bottom of the five imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structures are arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank 1, and the five diversion grooves 11 are respectively connected to the five collection holes at the bottom of the imitation starfish brachiopod structure, and the diversion grooves 11 are arranged above ground or underground.

[0043] A first opening and closing plate is provided at the top center area of ​​the water storage tank 1, a second opening and closing plate 7 is provided at the top of the purification bag 3, an opening 8 is provided at the top of the second opening and closing plate 7, a baffle 9 is provided in the inner cavity of the opening 8, two symmetrical limiting rods are welded to the top of the baffle 9, a guide tube 10 is provided at the bottom of the opening 8, and the guide tube 10 is connected to the guide groove 11.

[0044] A fixing frame 13 is welded to the top of the collecting device 2, and a rotating bracket 14 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixing frame 13, and a photovoltaic panel 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating bracket 14; the center point of the collecting device 2 is an arc, and the cross-section of each imitation starfish arm rainwater collection and purification structure of the collecting device 2 is an arc-shaped gradient V-shape, and the angle is 80°; the outer edge of the surface of each imitation starfish arm rainwater collection and purification structure is provided with an LED lamp 12, and the LED lamp 12 is made of waterproof material, and the LED lamp 12 can change color.

[0045] Each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure in the collection device 2 is composed of a primary frame and a double-layer translucent bioplastic, wherein the primary frame is composed of a bent and welded steel pipe, and the uppermost layer of the double-layer translucent bioplastic is composed of a plurality of continuous square pockets, the side of the pocket is open, and a microalgae bag is placed in the inner cavity; the microalgae bag can be filled with common Chlorella and / or Haematococcus pluvialis, wherein the nutrient solution of common Chlorella includes 60mg / L glucose, 12mg / L KH2PO4, 30mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 50mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 10mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 30μmol·L -1 ABA, 50 μmol·L -1 Melatonin; The nutrient solution of Haematococcus pluvialis includes 60mg / L glucose, 20mg / L KH2PO4, 40mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 30mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 20mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 20μmol·L -1 Melatonin.

[0046] The confluence layer 4 is 200 mm thick and is the bottom layer of the purification bag. This layer is filled with 20 mm gravel. This layer allows the rainwater purified and filtered by the upper layer to flow out of the purification bag through a pipe buried at the bottom of this layer and is collected in a water storage tank through the pipe for secondary utilization; the filler layer 5 is 500 mm thick and is the core layer of the purification bag. This layer is filled with a uniform mixture of activated carbon, zeolite, sawdust, fine sand, and 10 mm gravel in a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:1:3:4.

[0047] The planting layer 6 is 200 mm thick and is the top layer of the purification bag. Shallow-rooted vegetation adapted to the bay climate is planted in this layer, and the vegetation grows to a height of 200 mm to 300 mm. The planting layer mainly contains soilless cultivation matrix and adsorption slow-release fertilizer. The soilless cultivation matrix includes peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, and sawdust in a volume ratio of 3:1:1:1. The amount of adsorption slow-release fertilizer added is 15% v / v of the amount of soilless cultivation matrix added. The adsorption slow-release fertilizer is: wood ash, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder, humic acid granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2 mm, and polyacrylamide granules with a particle size of 5 mm, which are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:3:2; when the above mixture is used, it is mixed with a small amount of adhesive and water before use.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Figure 5-9 As shown, another embodiment of the present application is to provide a rainwater purification and carbon fixation system based on the starfish bionic structure, including a water storage tank 1, which is a pentagon, and a pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is arranged on the top of the water storage tank 1, and the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism extends downward to form five imitation starfish arm-foot rainwater collection and purification structures, and the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is composed of a pentagonal structure support frame, and the top of the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is raised so that rainwater can flow from the top of the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism to the edge, and the imitation starfish arm-foot rainwater collection and purification mechanism is composed of an arm-foot structure support frame and a side water storage tank 33, and the bottom of the imitation starfish arm-foot rainwater collection and purification mechanism extends to the inner cavity of the side water storage tank 33, and the side water storage tank 33 is connected to the water storage tank 1 through an underground water pipe, and the pentagonal structure support frame includes five A support rod 21 is provided, and the five support rods 21 are respectively welded to the five corners of the top of the pentagonal water tank 1. The top of the water tank 1 is provided with a top pentagonal support plate 22, and the five corners of the support rod 21 and the top pentagonal support plate 22 are welded by a diagonal tie rod 23; side diagonal tie rods 24 are welded at the centers of the five sides of the top of the water tank 1, and the side diagonal tie rods 24 are welded to the top of the support rod 21 away from the side of the water tank 1, and two connecting rods 25 are welded to the five corners of the top pentagonal support plate 22, and the bottom of the connecting rod 25 is welded to the center of the top edge of the water tank 1, and a center rod 26 is welded between the centers of the five sides of the top pentagonal support plate 22 and the center of the top edge of the water tank 1; a photovoltaic panel 15 is also installed on the top of the pentagonal structural support frame.

[0050] The arm-foot structure support frame includes an arm-foot middle rod 32, the top of which is welded to the center of the top edge of the water storage tank 1, and arm-foot side rods 31 are welded to both sides of the bottom of the arm-foot middle rod 32, the top of which is welded to the top of the support rod 21, and the bottom of the arm-foot middle rod 32 extends to the inner cavity of the side water storage tank 33; the side water storage tank 33 is an edge translucent structure or a fully transparent structure, and is a semi-underground structure or a fully above-ground structure. A first opening and closing plate is provided in the top center area of ​​the water storage tank 1, and a second opening and closing plate 7 is provided in the lower part of each starfish-like arm-foot rainwater collection and purification structure, and the second opening and closing plate 7 is connected to the water storage tank 1 through a rainwater collection channel 71, and the inner cavity of the rainwater collection channel 71 is a staggered arrangement of microfiltration plates 72, and rainwater can flow into the water storage tank through the staggered arrangement of the microfiltration plates in the inner cavity of the second opening and closing plate 7.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A method for laying out a rainwater purification and carbon fixation system based on a starfish bionic structure comprises the following steps:

[0053] (1) Construct multiple rainwater purification and carbon fixation systems with starfish-like structures in areas with severe impact on surrounding sensitive water bodies or in service facilities along the cross-sea passages of artificial islands in the sea, forming centralized rainwater collection and pollutant purification areas;

[0054] (2) The initial rainwater is collected and purified by the rainwater collection and purification structure imitating the arm of a starfish, and the filtered rainwater enters the inner cavity of the water storage tank through the pipe. The rainwater is stored in the water storage tank to prevent the initial polluted rainwater from affecting the water quality of the surrounding bay, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the water quality of the surrounding bay;

[0055] (3) A first opening and closing plate is provided on the top of the water storage tank, and a second opening and closing plate is also provided on each imitation starfish arm foot rainwater collection and purification structure. When the rainfall in the middle and late periods continues or increases, since the water quality of the rainwater in the middle and late periods is relatively good, the above one or more opening and closing plates are opened, and the rainwater is directly collected by the water storage tank. The inner cavity of the water storage tank is provided with a corrosion-resistant mesh filter plate, which can also meet the function of rainwater purification;

[0056] (4) The surface of each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure is composed of a double-layer translucent bioplastic, the uppermost layer of the double-layer translucent bioplastic is composed of a plurality of continuous square pockets, the side of the pocket is open, and the inner cavity is filled with a microalgae bag; the microalgae bag can be filled with common Chlorella and / or Haematococcus pluvialis, and the outside is sealed with a waterproof and breathable membrane; the entire imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure presents a green or red landscape effect; the microalgae bags are regularly maintained and replaced, and the microalgae have a carbon fixation effect. The replaced microalgae can be processed into plant fertilizer or animal feed to continue to benefit;

[0057] (5) A leisure space is arranged under each starfish-like armilla rainwater collection and purification structure, integrating urban rainwater purification and collection with urban public leisure space, allowing the public to experience the process of rainwater collection and management.

[0058] Working principle: When the present invention is used, the user collects rainwater through the collecting device 2, and the rainwater passes through the top of the collecting device 2 and enters the inner cavity of the purification bag 3. The rainwater is preliminarily filtered through the planting layer 6 to enter the inner cavity of the filling layer 5. The rainwater is secondary filtered through the filling layer 5 to enter the inner cavity of the confluence layer 4. Then the rainwater passes through the confluence layer 4 and enters the inner cavity of the water storage tank 1 through the guide groove 11 and the collecting groove. The rainwater is stored in the water storage tank 1 to prevent rainwater with severe initial pollution from directly entering the surrounding bays and polluting the water quality of the surrounding bays. The LED lamp 12, the fixing frame 13, the rotating bracket 14 and the photovoltaic panel 15 are used in coordination, and the photovoltaic panel 15 generates electricity to power the LED lamp 12, so that the LED lamp 12 changes color according to the condition of the rainwater quality, to prevent the user from being unable to know in time when the water quality changes, and to facilitate the user to control the rainwater quality.

[0059] In summary: this rainwater purification and carbon fixation device system based on the starfish bionic structure and its deployment method collects rainwater through the collecting device 2, so that the rainwater flows through the top of the collecting device 2 and enters the inner cavity of the purification bag 3, and filters the rainwater in turn through the planting layer 6, the filling layer 5 and the confluence layer 4, so that the filtered rainwater enters the inner cavity of the water storage tank 1 through the guide groove 11, and the rainwater is stored in the water storage tank 1, so as to avoid the initial polluted rainwater from affecting the water quality of the surrounding bay, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the water quality of the surrounding bay.

[0060] Experiment 1: Purification experiment of purification bags of different specifications

[0061] Experimental method: This experiment adopts artificial simulated rainfall, and uses 2h rainfall intensity as the experimental rainfall intensity. The simulated slope is 20°, the simulated rainfall runoff erosion force, the raindrop diameter is 5mm, the raindrop flow velocity is 9.11m / s, and the initial pollutant concentration of the simulated rainwater is SS300.0mg / L, COD150.0mg / L, TN10.0mg / L, TP0.50mg / L. Among them, the particle size gradation of the filler layer is shown in Table 1. After the simulated rainfall, water samples were collected at the bottom of the planting layer, the bottom of the filler layer, and the bottom of the confluence layer. The pollutant content in the water samples is shown in Table 2 below. Among them, the percentage of reduction of each pollutant = (initial pollutant concentration-actually measured pollutant concentration after purification) / initial pollutant concentration*100%.

[0062] Experimental Example 1

[0063] It only contains the first planting layer and the third busbar layer of Example 1.

[0064] Experimental Example 2

[0065] The first layer is a planting layer that does not contain the adsorbed slow-release fertilizer of Example 1.

[0066] Experimental Example 3

[0067] The first layer is the planting layer, in which the adsorption slow-release fertilizer is mixed in a ratio of 1:1:3 by volume, including wood ash, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder, and humic acid granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2 mm.

[0068] Experimental Example 4

[0069] The first layer is the adsorption slow-release fertilizer in the planting layer, which is composed of wood ash, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder, and polyacrylamide particles with a particle size of 5 mm, mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:2.

[0070] Experimental Example 5

[0071] The second layer is the filler layer filled with activated carbon, zeolite, wood chips, fine sand, and 10mm crushed stone evenly mixed fillers with a volume ratio of 0.5:1:1:3:4.

[0072] Experimental Example 6

[0073] The second layer is a filler layer filled only with activated carbon, zeolite, fine sand, and 10mm crushed stone evenly mixed fillers, with a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:3:4.

[0074] Experimental Example 7

[0075] The second layer is a filler layer filled only with activated carbon, zeolite, wood chips, and 10mm crushed stone evenly mixed fillers, with a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:1:4.

[0076] Experimental Example 8

[0077] The second layer is the filler layer filled with activated carbon, zeolite, wood chips, fine sand, and 10mm crushed stone evenly mixed fillers with a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:1:3:2.

[0078] Table 1 Particle size distribution of packing layer

[0079]

[0080] Table 2 Pollutant removal experiments in various embodiments

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Experimental results: The pollutant purification effect of Example 1 of the present application is the best, that is, the first layer uses plant ash, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder, humic acid granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2mm, and polyacrylamide granules with a particle size of 5mm, which are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:3:2 to form an adsorption slow-release fertilizer, and finally added to the cultivation matrix to form a planting layer; the second layer uses a filler layer formed by mixing activated carbon, zeolite, sawdust, fine sand, and 10mm crushed stone in a volume ratio of 0.5:0.5:1:3:4; the third layer is a 20mm crushed stone confluence layer. The three-layer structure of the present invention cooperates with each other, and after combination, it can significantly reduce the organic pollutants in rainwater. The initial pollutant concentration of the simulated rainwater introduced is SS300.0mg / L, COD150.0mg / L, TN10.0mg / L, and TP0.50mg / L. After the simulated rainfall ends, the pollutants at the bottom of the confluence layer are reduced by 93.4%, 94.9%, 91.0%, and 96.0%, respectively. Among them, the second layer is the filling layer, which is the core layer of the purification bag. This layer can cooperate with the first layer to complete 80-90% of the rainwater pollutant purification effect by filling activated carbon, zeolite, wood chips, fine sand, and 10m gravel. The purification effect is significantly reduced when this layer is omitted (Experimental Example 1). The pollutants at the bottom of the final confluence layer are reduced by 77.1%, 69.9%, 57.0%, and 44.0%, respectively. At the same time, our research found that adding a certain proportion of slow-release adsorption fertilizer to the planting layer can not only maintain plant growth, but also retain water and fertilizer, adsorb and purify pollutants. By comparing the addition of slow-release adsorption fertilizer, it was found that at the bottom of the planting layer, the initial pollutant concentration of the simulated rainwater introduced and the measured reduction of the four pollutants were 1.5, 2.4, 1.9, and 1.9 times that of the non-slow-release adsorption fertilizer, respectively; among them, polyacrylamide can further maintain the roots in a higher humidity range and promote plant rooting and growth. In combination with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder and humic acid granular fertilizer, it can also adsorb common organic pollutants in rainwater. Through different addition combinations, we concluded that the combination of humic acid granular fertilizer with a particle size of 2mm and polyacrylamide particles with a particle size of 5mm is better than using only one of them as a slow-release adsorption fertilizer.

[0084] Similarly, we obtained the component ratio of the packing layer through different ratio experiments. The activated carbon and zeolite can be mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and the adsorption effect on TN and TP pollutants is better. Compared with the activated carbon and zeolite mixed in a ratio of 1:2 in Experimental Example 5, we found that the adsorption effect of TN and TP pollutants is not as good as that in Example 1. The addition of sawdust, fine sand and gravel can significantly reduce various pollutants in rainwater, and has a better removal effect on SS, COD, TN, TP and other pollutants. Reducing the above sawdust or fine sand, or reducing the proportion of gravel addition, the purification effect of pollutants at the bottom of the packing layer is not as good as that in Example 1.

[0085] Experiment 2: Algae growth experiment in a closed space simulating the growth environment of bionic starfish in the wild

[0086] Experimental method: The algae species used in the experiment were Chlorella vulgaris (FACHB-36), purchased from the freshwater algae bank of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Microcystis sp. (FACHB-573), purchased from the freshwater algae bank of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haematococcus pluvialis (FACHB-827), and Nostoc sp. (FACHB-87), purchased from the freshwater algae bank of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. They were cultured in an artificial climate incubator to simulate the enclosed growth environment of bionic starfish in the wild. The incubator temperature was set at 35°C during the day and 10°C at night, the light intensity was 4000 lux, and the light-dark ratio was 12h / 12h. After inoculation, the mouth of the glass conical bottle was sealed with a sterilized waterproof and breathable membrane. Different liquid culture media (see Table 2-3 below) were used for the culture. 400 mL of culture medium was added to each conical flask to resuspend and dilute the algae solution grown to the logarithmic phase, so that the initial biomass of the microalgae was about 4.0×106 cells / mL (A680=0.18). Three replicates were set for each group of experiments. The algae cell count was mainly based on the hemocytometer method. After the algae solution was fixed with Lugol's iodine solution, 40 μL of the mixed algae solution was evenly dropped into a hemocytometer covered with a coverslip, placed under an optical microscope for observation and counting, the eyepiece magnified 10 times, the objective lens magnified 40 times, counted every 5-10 days, and the algae cell density in the algae solution was calculated. The mass concentration of chlorophyll a was determined by the visible light spectrophotometer colorimetric method.

[0087] Table 3 Chlorella test groups with different liquid culture media

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Table 4 Experimental groups of Haematococcus pluvialis in different liquid culture medium

[0091]

[0092] Experimental results: The algae and nutrient solution formula suitable for growing in the purification device were screened out by simulating the outdoor closed (sealed with a waterproof breathable membrane) space growth environment of the bionic starfish purification device in an artificial climate incubator, that is, by alternating high temperature during the day and low temperature at night. The common algae species used in the experiment were Chlorella vulgaris, Microcystis, Haematococcus pluvialis, and Nostoc, and the high temperature resistant algae species Chlorella vulgaris and Haematococcus pluvialis were obtained, while the other algae were not resistant to high temperature. When the culture days exceeded 10 days, a large number of deaths occurred one after another, and they were not suitable for survival in the simulated bionic starfish purification device. Fig.10 It can be seen that by setting the incubator temperature to 35℃ with high light intensity and high temperature during the day and 10℃ at night, the nutrient solution suitable for Chlorella includes 60mg / L glucose, 12mg / L KH2PO4, 30mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / LNaNO3, 50mg / LMgSO4·7H2O, 10mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 30μmol·L -1 ABA, 50 μmol·L -1 MT. Algae can grow normally under different carbon sources, but organic carbon sources perform better than inorganic carbon sources and are more conducive to the growth of algae biomass in the later stage. Calcium and magnesium are important elements that promote the growth and development of algae. The combination of MgSO4·7H2O and CaCl2·2H2O can better promote the development of algae. The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) is also a key factor. Our research found that it affects the carbon fixation efficiency and biomass accumulation of microalgae. When the volume ratio of NH4HCO3 and NaNO3 is 1:5, a higher carbon utilization efficiency can be achieved (A has the highest biomass), but excessive NH4HCO3 concentrations will have toxic effects on microalgae, thereby reducing biological yield. Abscisic acid can increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and delay the degradation of chlorophyll. Melatonin is one of the substances that can enhance the stress resistance of organisms. Our research found that adding a certain proportion of abscisic acid and melatonin can provide stress resistance of Chlorella, especially the shape of high temperature resistance. 30μmol·L -1 ABA+50μmol·L -1 MT can increase the biomass of algae and significantly promote its growth. Compared with the effect of using either regulator alone, the combined use has a better effect.

[0093] at the same time, Fig.11 From the growth graph of chlorophyll a, the nutrient solution includes 60mg / L glucose, 12mg / L KH2PO4, 30mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 50mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 10mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 30μmol·L - 1 ABA, 50 μmol·L -1The chlorophyll a growth rate of group A treated with melatonin was the highest at 30 days, and the chlorophyll a growth rate of group G was the lowest at 30 days, that is, the chlorophyll a when melatonin was added was twice that when no melatonin was added, indicating that the addition of abscisic acid and melatonin was beneficial to the photosynthesis of Chlorella and the growth of chlorophyll a. Similarly, the addition of carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N), calcium and magnesium all affected the growth of chlorophyll a, and ultimately affected photosynthetic carbon fixation.

[0094] Figure 12-13 The results of each experimental group of Haematococcus pluvialis show that the nutrient solution suitable for Haematococcus pluvialis includes 60mg / L glucose, 20mg / L KH2PO4, 40mg / L NH4HCO3, 150mg / L NaNO3, 30mg / LMgSO4·7H2O, 20mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 20μmol·L -1 Melatonin, and from the growth curve, it can be seen that the simulated bionic growth of Haematococcus pluvialis is better than that of Chlorella, indicating that it is more suitable for living in the simulated bionic starfish rainwater purification device, and shows better stress resistance. The biomass growth rate of treatment group A shows that Haematococcus pluvialis is 1.47 times that of Chlorella, and the chlorophyll growth rate shows that Haematococcus pluvialis is 1.09 times that of Chlorella. In addition, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N), calcium and magnesium additions all affect the growth of chlorophyll a, affect the biomass growth of algae, and ultimately affect photosynthetic carbon fixation. 20μmol·L -1 Melatonin can increase the biomass of Haematococcus pluvialis and significantly promote its growth. At the same time, compared with no melatonin and adding abscisic acid and melatonin at the same time, the growth effect is not as good as that of melatonin alone. This shows that the use of melatonin can improve the stress resistance of Haematococcus pluvialis and is also conducive to the accumulation of chlorophyll a in Haematococcus pluvialis.

[0095] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation system, characterized by: The invention comprises a water storage tank (1), wherein the water storage tank (1) is pentagonal and has an above-ground or semi-above-ground structure. A pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is arranged on the top of the water storage tank. The pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism extends downward to form five imitation sea star arm-foot rainwater collection and purification structures. The pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is composed of a pentagonal structure support frame. The top of the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism is raised so that rainwater can flow from the top of the pentagonal rainwater receiving mechanism to the edge. The imitation sea star arm-foot rainwater collection and purification mechanism is composed of the arm-foot structure support frame and a side water storage tank (33). The bottom of the imitation sea star arm-foot rainwater collection and purification mechanism extends to the inner cavity of the side water storage tank (33). The side water storage tank (33) is connected to the water storage tank (1) through an underground water pipe. The pentagonal structure support frame comprises five support rods (21). The five support rods (21) are respectively welded to the pentagonal water storage tank. The top of the water storage tank (1) has five corners, the top of the water storage tank (1) is provided with a top pentagonal support plate (22), the five corners of the support rod (21) and the top pentagonal support plate (22) are welded via diagonal tie rods (23); side diagonal tie rods (24) are welded at the centers of the five edges of the top of the water storage tank (1), the side of the side diagonal tie rods (24) away from the water storage tank (1) is welded to the top of the support rod (21), the five corners of the top pentagonal support plate (22) are welded with two connecting rods (25), the bottom of the connecting rod (25) is welded to the center of the top edge of the water storage tank (1), and a center rod (26) is welded between the centers of the five sides of the top pentagonal support plate (22) and the center of the top edge of the water storage tank (1); a photovoltaic panel (15) is also installed on the top of the pentagonal structural support frame; Each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure is composed of a primary frame and a double-layer translucent bioplastic, wherein the primary frame is composed of bent and welded steel pipes, and the uppermost layer of the double-layer translucent bioplastic is composed of a plurality of continuous square pockets, the side of the pocket is open, and the inner cavity is filled with a microalgae bag; the microalgae bag is filled with common Chlorella and / or Haematococcus pluvialis, wherein the nutrient solution of common Chlorella includes 60 mg / L glucose, 12 mg / L KH2PO4, 30 mg / L NH4HCO3, 150 mg / L NaNO3, 50 mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 10 mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 30μmol·L -1 ABA, 50 μmol·L -1 Melatonin; The nutrient solution of Haematococcus pluvialis includes 60 mg / L glucose, 20 mg / L KH2PO4, 40 mg / L NH4HCO3, 150 mg / LNaNO3, 30 mg / L MgSO4·7H2O, 20 mg / L CaCl2·2H2O, 20 μmol·L -1 Melatonin.

2. The rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arm-foot structure support frame comprises an arm-foot middle rod (32), the top of the arm-foot middle rod (32) is welded to the center of the top edge of the water storage tank (1), arm-foot side rods (31) are welded to both sides of the bottom of the arm-foot middle rod (32), the top of the arm-foot side rod (31) is welded to the top of the support rod (21), and the bottom of the arm-foot middle rod (32) extends to the inner cavity of the side water storage tank (33); the edge of the side water storage tank (33) is a semi-transparent structure or a fully transparent structure, and is a semi-underground structure or a fully above-ground structure.

3. The rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first opening and closing plate is arranged at the top center area of ​​the water storage tank (1), and a second opening and closing plate (7) is arranged at the lower middle part of each imitation starfish brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure. The second opening and closing plate (7) is connected to the water storage tank (1) through a rainwater collection channel (71). The inner cavity of the rainwater collection channel (71) is a staggered arrangement of microfilter plates (72), and rainwater can flow into the water storage tank through the staggered arrangement of microfilter plates in the inner cavity of the second opening and closing plate (7).

4. A method for laying out a rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: (1) Construct multiple rainwater collection, treatment and carbon fixation systems with starfish-like structures in areas with serious impact on surrounding sensitive water bodies or in service facilities along the cross-sea passages of artificial islands in the sea, forming centralized rainwater collection and pollutant purification areas; (2) The initial rainwater is collected and purified by means of a rainwater collection and purification structure that mimics the armillari of a starfish. The filtered rainwater is then passed through a pipe into the inner cavity of a water storage tank for storage and reuse, thereby preventing the initial polluted rainwater from directly converging and affecting the water quality of surrounding sensitive water bodies or the bay. (3) A first opening and closing plate is provided on the top of the water storage tank, and a second opening and closing plate is also provided on each imitation starfish arm rainwater collection and purification structure. When the rainfall in the middle and late stages continues or increases, since the water quality of the rainwater in the middle and late stages is relatively good, the above one or more opening and closing plates are opened, and the rainwater is directly collected in the water storage tank. The inner cavity of the water storage tank is provided with a corrosion-resistant mesh filter plate, which also meets the function of rainwater purification; (4) The surface of each starfish-like brachiopod rainwater collection and purification structure is composed of a double layer of translucent bioplastics, the top layer of which is composed of a plurality of continuous square pockets, the side of which is open, and the inner cavity of which is filled with a microalgae bag; The microalgae bags are filled with common Chlorella and / or Haematococcus pluvialis, and sealed with a waterproof and breathable membrane on the outside; the entire imitation starfish arm-foot rainwater collection and purification structure presents a green or red landscape effect; the microalgae bags are regularly maintained and replaced, and the microalgae have a carbon fixation effect. The replaced microalgae can be processed into plant fertilizer or animal feed for continued use; (5) A leisure space is arranged under each starfish-like armilla rainwater collection and purification structure, integrating the urban rainwater collection and purification system with the city's public leisure space, allowing the public to receive scientific popularization of the rainwater collection and utilization process.

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