Mannich ashless dispersant, lubricating oil composition and application of Mannich ashless dispersant and lubricating oil composition

Abstract

The invention provides a Mannich ashless dispersant, a lubricating oil composition and application of the Mannich ashless dispersant, the Mannich ashless dispersant and the lubricating oil composition, the Mannich ashless dispersant has a structure as shown in a formula I: # imgabs0 #, R1 is selected from H, hydroxyl, C1-C12 alkyl and aryl, and n is 2-6. The lubricating oil composition is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 3 to 7 percent of ashless dispersant, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of clearing agent, 0.7 to 1.5 percent of anti-wear agent, 1.5 to 4 percent of antioxidant, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of corrosion inhibitor, 0.2 to 0.6 percent of friction modifier, 0.001 to 0.003 percent of anti-foaming agent and the balance of base oil, wherein the total weight of the lubricating oil composition is 100 percent. The lubricating oil composition disclosed by the invention has excellent electrochemical performance, mechanical protection performance, synchronizer durability and friction characteristics, heat conduction performance and material compatibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oils, and in particular relates to a lubricating oil composition for a reduction gearbox of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles are experiencing explosive growth around the world. The mature pure electric passenger vehicles currently on the market are mainly independent single-gear or two-gear reduction mechanisms. With the development of technology, there is a trend of integrating synchronizers, clutches, gear reducers and motors in passenger car reduction gearboxes, which requires the required reduction gearbox lubricant to have good electrochemical properties, good mechanical protection properties, excellent synchronizer durability and clutch friction stability, good thermal conductivity and material compatibility.

[0003] The electrochemical performance takes into account that since the oil needs to be in direct contact with the motor, insulation performance evaluation tests are required, such as conductivity, breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, etc. The mechanical protection performance takes into account that the oil needs to lubricate the planetary gears, differentials and bearings, and the oil needs a certain load-bearing capacity. The durability and friction characteristics of the synchronizer take into account that since the oil needs to lubricate the synchronizer and clutch, it needs to have good durability among different synchronizer materials, and it is also necessary to ensure the clutch friction stability required for smooth shifting. The thermal conductivity performance takes into account that since the oil needs to cool the integrated reduction box and take away the heat, oxidation tests, anti-foaming tests and specific heat capacity tests are required. Material compatibility takes into account that since the oil needs to be in contact with the coating and copper material, extended copper sheet corrosion tests and motor material compatibility tests are required. CN105132107B discloses a lubricating oil composition for a pure electric vehicle gearbox, which uses extreme pressure anti-wear agents such as hydroxyl thiadiazole derivatives and antioxidants such as high molecular weight phenols containing thioether groups, so that the oil has excellent anti-wear properties and antioxidant tests, but cannot simultaneously meet the electrochemical performance, mechanical protection performance, synchronizer durability, and clutch friction stability. CN104560297B discloses a lubricating oil composition for a reducer of a hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle, which selects a synthetic base oil with a low traction coefficient and a pour point depressant with a weight average molecular weight of 40000-100000, and provides a composition with excellent low-temperature fluidity and shear stability, but does not mention the mechanical protection performance and clutch friction stability of the oil. CN114302940A discloses the use of a lubricant with a carboxylic acid ester in an electric vehicle, but does not solve the synchronizer durability and clutch friction stability of the oil, nor does it mention the transmission efficiency of the oil. Traditional automatic transmission oil ATF and GL-5 gear oil cannot meet these performance requirements at the same time, and special formulation technology is required. Otherwise, the reduction gearbox may experience problems such as internal power supply line failure, mechanical wear, premature oxidation, and gear shift shock. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Mannich ashless dispersant, a lubricating oil composition and its application, wherein the lubricating oil composition has excellent electrochemical properties, mechanical protection properties, synchronizer durability and friction characteristics, thermal conductivity and material compatibility.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a Mannich ashless dispersant having a structure shown in Formula I:

[0006]

[0007] In formula I, R1 is selected from H, hydroxyl, C1-C 12 A hydrocarbon group or an aromatic group, wherein n is 2-6.

[0008] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the molecular weight of PIB (polyisobutylene) is 900-2500.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned Mannich ashless dispersant, which comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Mixing high molecular weight polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and base oil, heating to 90-110° C., adding polyethylene polyamine dropwise, then heating to 120-130° C. for reaction for 2-4 hours, introducing protective gas, heating to 150-160° C. for reaction for 6-8 hours, and obtaining an intermediate product;

[0011] (2) The intermediate product obtained in step (1), the phenol compound and xylene are mixed, a protective gas is introduced, the mixture is heated to 60-70° C., formaldehyde is added dropwise and the mixture is reacted for 8-10 hours, the temperature is increased to 150-160° C. and the mixture is reacted for 6-8 hours to obtain the Mannich ashless dispersant.

[0012] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of the polymer polyisobutylene maleic anhydride to the base oil is 2.5-3:1.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of the polymer polyisobutylene maleic anhydride to polyethylene polyamine is 11-13:1.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the base oil includes one or a combination of two or more of HVIH6, HVIP6, VHVI6.

[0015] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of the phenol compound to xylene is 0.2-0:4:1.

[0016] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenolic compounds is 1:4-6.

[0017] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the above-mentioned Mannich ashless dispersant comprises the following specific steps:

[0018] (1) High molecular weight polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and base oil are mixed and stirred uniformly, heated to 90-110° C. and stirred for 0.5-1 hour, polyethylene polyamine is slowly added dropwise, and then heated to 120-130° C. for reaction for 2-4 hours, nitrogen is introduced, and then the temperature is raised to 150-160° C. for reaction for 6-8 hours, filtered and cooled to obtain an intermediate product;

[0019] (2) The intermediate product, phenolic compound and xylene are mixed and stirred uniformly, nitrogen is introduced, heated to 60-70° C., formaldehyde is slowly added dropwise and reacted for 8-10 hours, the temperature is raised to 150-160° C. and reacted for 6-8 hours, filtered and cooled to obtain the Mannich ashless dispersant.

[0020] The present invention also provides a lubricating oil composition, which, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition as 100%, comprises: 3-7wt% ashless dispersant, 0.05-0.3wt% detergent, 0.7-1.5wt% anti-wear agent, 1.5-4wt% antioxidant, 0.01-0.1wt% corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-0.6wt% friction modifier, 0.001-0.003wt% anti-foaming agent, and the balance is base oil; the ashless dispersant comprises a mixture of a Mannich ashless dispersant (polymer polyisobutylene succinimide containing a phenol structure) and an anti-wear dispersant (boron esterified succinimide), and the Mannich ashless dispersant is the above-mentioned Mannich ashless dispersant; the anti-wear dispersant has a structure shown in Formula II:

[0021]

[0022] In formula II, R2 is selected from isobutyl, isopentyl, isohexyl, isoheptyl, isooctyl, isononyl, and m is 2-6.

[0023] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the preparation method of the anti-wear dispersant shown in formula II comprises the following steps:

[0024] The low molecular weight polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and base oil are mixed and stirred uniformly, and the temperature is raised to 80-100°C, and polyene polyamine is slowly added dropwise, and the temperature is raised to 150-160°C for reaction for 2-4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, boric acid and isooctyl alcohol are added, and the temperature is slowly raised to 140-160°C, and after reaction for 4-6 hours, nitrogen is introduced for gas stripping, and the anti-wear dispersant is obtained after filtration.

[0025] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition as 100%, the composition of the lubricating oil composition includes: 3.6-5.4wt% ashless dispersant, 0.1-0.3wt% detergent, 0.8-1.5wt% antiwear agent, 1.5-2.5wt% antioxidant, 0.01-0.05wt% corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-0.4wt% friction modifier, 0.002-0.003wt% antifoaming agent, and the balance is base oil.

[0026] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in Formula I, R1 is selected from hydroxyl and methyl.

[0027] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the Mannich ashless dispersant to the anti-wear dispersant is 1:(0.1-0.2).

[0028] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the Mannich ashless dispersant to the anti-wear dispersant is 1:0.2.

[0029] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the antiwear agent comprises C 12- C 14 A mixture of tertiary alkyl primary amines, alkyl phosphate ammonium salts and dodecyl phosphite.

[0030] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the alkyl phosphate ammonium salt includes dihexyl phosphate dodecyl ammonium salt and / or butyl hexyl phosphate dodecyl ammonium salt.

[0031] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the C 12- C 14 The tertiary alkyl primary amine accounts for 0.05-0.2% of the total mass of the lubricating oil composition.

[0032] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the alkyl phosphate ammonium salt to dodecyl phosphite is (0.1-0.25):1.

[0033] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the antioxidant comprises a mixture of a phenol amine antioxidant and a phenol ester antioxidant; the phenol amine antioxidant contains both hindered phenol and diphenylamine functional groups.

[0034] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the phenolamine antioxidant includes 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and / or 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol); wherein the structure of 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] The structure of 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the phenolic ester antioxidant includes isooctyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionate.

[0039] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the phenol amine antioxidant to the phenol ester antioxidant is 1:(0.25-0.5).

[0040] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the phenol amine antioxidant to the phenol ester antioxidant is 1:0.5.

[0041] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the corrosion inhibitor comprises 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene C 12 -C 14 One or a combination of two or more of tertiary alkyl primary amine, 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene dodecaamine, and 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene tetradecaamine.

[0042] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the friction modifier comprises C4-C 12 A mixture of alkyl borate and potassium tetraborate.

[0043] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mass fraction of the potassium tetraborate in the friction modifier is 10%.

[0044] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the base oil includes one or a combination of two or more of a dispersant PAM viscosity index improver with a molecular weight of 30,000-100,000, API Class I 150BS mineral base oil, poly-α-olefin, and ester base oil.

[0045] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the base oil, the mass ratio of poly-α-olefin to ester base oil is 4:1.

[0046] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the detergent comprises calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate with a TBN of 300-320.

[0047] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the antifoaming agent includes a dimethyl silicone oil antifoaming agent and / or a perfluoropolyether modified polysiloxane antifoaming agent, and more preferably, the molecular weight of the dimethyl silicone oil antifoaming agent is about 60,000.

[0048] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition at 100° C. is 5.0-6.0 mm 2 / s.

[0049] The present invention also provides a lubrication method, which adopts the lubricating oil composition.

[0050] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the lubrication method is used for an electric vehicle reduction gearbox, such as a pure electric vehicle hybrid electric vehicle that is suitable for a wet multi-speed ratio reduction gearbox containing a synchronizer and a clutch.

[0051] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] (1) The present invention adopts a special structure of ashless dispersant, anti-wear agent and friction modifier, which can improve the anti-wear performance of the oil product and significantly improve the synchronous durability and friction characteristics of the oil product at a certain ratio, thereby significantly improving the transmission efficiency of the reduction box;

[0053] (2) The antioxidant and corrosion inhibitor used in the present invention can improve the long-term anti-copper corrosion performance of the oil product and also enable the oil product to have good electrochemical properties after aging;

[0054] (3) The base oil used in the present invention is compounded with specific additives to ensure that the oil has good shear stability, electrochemical properties, good mechanical protection properties, excellent synchronizer durability and clutch friction stability, good thermal conductivity and material compatibility.

[0055] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention can effectively lubricate the motor, planetary reducer, synchronizer and clutch in the reduction box, effectively reduce gear wear, improve the transmission efficiency and smoothness of the gear shifting of the reduction box, and ensure the safe and effective operation of the motor. With the rapid development of the pure electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle industry, there is also a huge demand for the corresponding reduction box oil, which has a broad promotion and application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 is the infrared spectrum of the product of Preparation Example 1;

[0057] Figure 2 This is the infrared spectrum of the product of Preparation Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is now described in detail below, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples without specifying specific conditions are usually based on conventional conditions.

[0059] In the following preparation examples, high molecular weight polyisobutylene maleic anhydride was purchased from Liaoning Tianhe Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. or Xinxiang Ruifeng New Materials Co., Ltd.; polyethylene polyamine was purchased from Dow Chemical Company of the United States, and the base oil was selected from HVIH6, HVIP6, and VHVI6 of PetroChina that met the Q / SY 44 standard.

[0060] Preparation Example 1

[0061] This preparation example provides a high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide containing a phenol structure, and the preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0062] (1) 70 g of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and 25 g of HVIH6 base oil were added to a 250 ml flask, heated to 90° C. and stirred for 1 hour, 5.5 g of polyethylene polyamine was slowly added dropwise, heated to 120-130° C. and reacted for 4 hours, and heated to 160° C. at a rate of 10° C. per hour under nitrogen protection, and reacted for 8 hours, filtered and cooled to obtain about 100 g of an intermediate product;

[0063] (2) 100 g of the intermediate product, 1.2 g of resorcinol, and 5 g of xylene were mixed and stirred evenly, added to a 250 ml flask, heated to 60° C. under nitrogen protection, 0.3 g of formaldehyde was slowly added dropwise, and reacted for 10 hours. The temperature was raised to 150-160° C. and reacted for 8 hours. After filtering, the Mannich ashless dispersant was obtained. Its infrared spectrum information is shown in Table 1, and the infrared spectrum is shown in Table 2. Figure 1 .

[0064] Table 1 Absorption peaks of infrared spectrum of phenol-containing polymer polyisobutylene succinimide

[0065]

[0066] The high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide containing phenol structure used in the following examples was synthesized according to this method.

[0067] Preparation Example 2

[0068] This preparation example provides a boron esterified succinimide, and the preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0069] (1) 37.5 g of low molecular weight polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and 41 g of HVIH5 base oil were added to a 250 ml flask, the temperature was raised to 90-100° C., 3.5 g of polyene polyamine was slowly added dropwise, and then nitrogen was introduced for protection. The temperature was raised to 150-160° C. for reaction for 4 hours, the temperature was lowered to below 60° C., nitrogen was turned off, 6 g of boric acid and 25 g of isooctyl alcohol were added, the temperature was slowly raised to 140-160° C., nitrogen was introduced for protection, the temperature was further raised to 160° C. and the reaction was continued for 4 hours. After filtering, the boron esterified succinimide anti-wear dispersant was obtained, and its infrared spectrum information is shown in Table 2, and the infrared spectrum is shown in Table 2. Figure 2 .

[0070] Table 2 Infrared absorption peaks of boron esterified succinimide

[0071] <![CDATA[Wavenumber (cm -1 )]]> Attribution of infrared characteristic peaks 2956 / 2926 <![CDATA[CH3, CH2 stretching vibrations]]> 1773 Antisymmetric vibration of cyclic imide structure 1704 Symmetric vibration of cyclic imide structure 1640 Open chain amide structure carbonyl vibration 1464 / 1364 Bending vibration of methyl CH bond 1334 Stretching vibration of BO bond in borate esters 1232 Tert-butyl structural vibration

[0072] The boronated succinimide used in the following examples was synthesized according to this method.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition (I) for an electric vehicle reduction gearbox, which comprises:

[0075] A mixture of 4.5 wt% of a Mannich ashless dispersant (R1 is a hydroxyl group) and 0.9 wt% of a boron esterified succinimide dispersant (R2 is an isobutyl group, and m is 2-6) (component A);

[0076] 0.3 wt% calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate with a TBN of about 300-320 (component B);

[0077] 0.1wt%C 12 -C 14 Tertiary alkyl primary amine, 0.14 wt% of butyl hexyl phosphate lauryl ammonium salt, 0.56 wt% of dodecyl phosphite (component C);

[0078] 1.0 wt% of 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.5 wt% of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionate (component D);

[0079] 0.01 wt% of 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene dodecaamine (component E);

[0080] 0.3wt% friction modifier, namely C4-C 12 A mixture of alkyl borate and potassium tetraborate (component F);

[0081] 0.003wt% of dimethyl silicone antifoaming agent with a molecular weight of 60,000 (component G);

[0082] 4.5 wt% of Evonik V12-292 viscosity modifier, 5.0 wt% of HVIS150BS, 65.747 wt% of PAO 4, 16.44 wt% of adipate base oil (component H). The sum of the above components is 100 wt%.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] This comparative example provides a lubricating oil composition, which is the same as composition (I) except that component (A) is replaced by 5.4 wt% of Mannich ashless dispersant (R1 is hydroxyl, n is 2-6).

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] This comparative example provides a lubricating oil composition, which is the same as composition (I) except that component (C) is replaced by 0.14 wt % of butyl hexyl phosphate lauryl ammonium salt and 0.66 wt % of dodecyl phosphite.

[0087] Comparative Example 3

[0088] This comparative example provides a lubricating oil composition, which is the same as composition (I) except that component (F) is replaced by 0.3 wt % of PAO4 base oil.

[0089] The test results of the compositions obtained in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 are shown in Table 3.

[0090] Table 3 Test results

[0091]

[0092] The results in Table 3 show that (1) compared with Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, Composition I exhibits excellent clutch friction characteristics, anti-wear performance, and transmission efficiency, indicating that the use of a special structure of ashless dispersant, a specific structure of anti-wear agent, and a friction modifier in a certain proportion can improve the anti-wear performance of the oil product, while improving the synchronous durability and friction characteristics of the oil product, and improving the transmission efficiency of the reduction gearbox; (2) compared with Comparative Example 2, the compound use of anti-wear agents is beneficial to improving the anti-wear performance of the oil product, and the lack of C 12 -C 14 Tertiary alkyl primary amines will be detrimental to the friction characteristics and synchronizer test of the oil; (3) Compared with Comparative Example 3, the use of friction modifiers is beneficial to improving the friction characteristics and traditional efficiency of the oil.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition (II) for electric vehicle reduction gearbox, which comprises:

[0095] A mixture of 3.0 wt% of a Mannich ashless dispersant (R1 is methyl, n is 2-6) and 0.6 wt% of a boron esterified succinimide dispersant (R2 is isooctyl, m is 2-6) (component A);

[0096] 0.2 wt% calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate with a TBN of about 300-320 (component B);

[0097] 0.16wt%C12 -C 14 Tertiary alkyl primary amine, 0.12 wt% of dihexyl phosphate lauryl ammonium salt, 1.2 wt% of dodecyl phosphite (component C);

[0098] 2.0 wt% of 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.5 wt% of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionate (component D);

[0099] 0.05 wt% of 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene tetradecaamine (component E);

[0100] 0.4wt% friction modifier, namely C4-C 12 A mixture of alkyl borate and potassium tetraborate (component F);

[0101] 0.001wt% of dimethyl silicone antifoaming agent with a molecular weight of 60,000 (component G);

[0102] 4.5 wt% of Evonik V12-095 viscosity modifier, 5.0 wt% of HVIS150BS, 65.819 wt% of PAO 4, 16.45 wt% of pentaerythritol ester base oil (component H). The sum of the above components is 100 wt%.

[0103] Comparative Example 4

[0104] This comparative example provides a lubricating oil composition, which is the same as composition (II) except that component (D) is replaced by 2.5 wt% of 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).

[0105] Comparative Example 5

[0106] This comparative example provides a lubricating oil composition, except that component (E) is replaced by 0.05 wt% of 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene C 12 -C 14 Except for the substitution of tertiary alkyl primary amine, the rest is the same as composition (I).

[0107] The test results of the compositions obtained in Example 2, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 are shown in Table 4.

[0108] Table 4 Test results

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] The results in Table 4 show that (1) compared with Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5, Composition II exhibits excellent long-term copper sheet corrosion performance and electrochemical performance, indicating that the antioxidant and corrosion inhibitor with special structure can improve the long-term corrosion resistance of oil products and also make the oil products have good electrochemical performance after aging; (2) compared with Comparative Example 4, the compound use of antioxidants is beneficial to improve the long-term corrosion resistance of oil products and the electrochemical performance of oil products after aging; (3) compared with Comparative Example 5, 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene C 12 -C 14 The use of tertiary alkyl primary amines is beneficial to improving the long-term corrosion resistance of oil products.

[0112] Example 3

[0113] This embodiment provides a lubricating oil composition (III) for electric vehicle reduction gearbox, which comprises:

[0114] A mixture of 4.0 wt% of a Mannich ashless dispersant (R1 is methyl, n is 2-6) and 0.8 wt% of a boron esterified succinimide dispersant (R2 is isohexyl, m is 2-6) (component A);

[0115] 0.2 wt% calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate with a TBN of about 300-320 (component B);

[0116] 0.05wt%C 12 -C 14 Tertiary alkyl primary amine, 0.1 wt% of butyl hexyl phosphate lauryl ammonium salt, 1.0 wt% of dodecyl phosphite (component C);

[0117] 1.2 wt% of 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.6 wt% of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionate (component D);

[0118] 0.03wt% 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene C 12 -C 14 Tertiary alkyl primary amine (component E);

[0119] 0.2wt% friction modifier, namely C4-C 12 A mixture of alkyl borate and potassium tetraborate (component F);

[0120] 0.002 wt% of perfluoropolyether modified polysiloxane antifoaming agent (component G);

[0121] 4.3 wt% of Evonik V12-095 viscosity modifier, 70.018 wt% of PAO 4, 17.50 wt% of adipate base oil (component H). The sum of the above components is 100 wt%.

[0122] The test results of Example 3 are shown in Table 5.

[0123] Table 5 Test results

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] The results in Table 5 show that the outstanding features of composition (III) are good electrochemical performance, good mechanical protection performance, excellent synchronizer durability and clutch friction stability, good thermal conductivity and material compatibility. It is particularly suitable for pure electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles with wet multi-speed ratio reduction gearboxes containing synchronizers and clutches, and can also improve the transmission efficiency of the reduction gearbox.

[0128] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Mannich ashless dispersant having a structure shown in Formula I: In formula I, R1 is selected from H, hydroxyl, C1-C 12 A hydrocarbon group or an aromatic group, wherein n is 2-6; Preferably, the molecular weight of PIB is 900-2500.

2. The method for preparing the Mannich ashless dispersant according to claim 1, specifically comprising: (1) Mixing high molecular weight polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and base oil, heating to 90-110° C., adding polyethylene polyamine dropwise, then heating to 120-130° C. for reaction for 2-4 hours, introducing protective gas, heating to 150-160° C. for reaction for 6-8 hours, and obtaining an intermediate product; (2) mixing the intermediate product obtained in step (1), a phenol compound and xylene, introducing a protective gas, heating to 60-70° C., adding formaldehyde dropwise, reacting for 8-10 hours, raising the temperature to 150-160° C., and reacting for 6-8 hours to obtain the Mannich ashless dispersant; Preferably, the molar ratio of the polymer polyisobutylene maleic anhydride to the base oil is 2.5-3:1; Preferably, the molar ratio of the polymer polyisobutylene maleic anhydride to polyethylene polyamine is 11-13:1; Preferably, the base oil comprises one or a combination of two or more of HVIH6, HVIP6, and VHVI6; Preferably, the molar ratio of the phenol compound to xylene is 0.2-0:4:1; Preferably, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenolic compounds is 1:4-6.

3. A lubricating oil composition, which, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition being 100%, comprises: 3-7wt% ashless dispersant, 0.05-0.3wt% detergent, 0.7-1.5wt% anti-wear agent, 1.5-4wt% antioxidant, 0.01-0.1wt% corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-0.6wt% friction modifier, 0.001-0.003wt% anti-foaming agent, and the balance is base oil; The ashless dispersant comprises a mixture of a Mannich ashless dispersant and an anti-wear dispersant, and the Mannich ashless dispersant is the Mannich ashless dispersant according to claim 1; The anti-wear dispersant has a structure shown in Formula II: In formula II, R2 is selected from isobutyl, isopentyl, isohexyl, isoheptyl, isooctyl, isononyl, and m is 2-6.

4. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein Taking the total weight of the lubricating oil composition as 100%, the composition of the lubricating oil composition includes: 3.6-5.4wt% ashless dispersant, 0.1-0.3wt% detergent, 0.8-1.5wt% anti-wear agent, 1.5-2.5wt% antioxidant, 0.01-0.05wt% corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-0.4wt% friction modifier, 0.002-0.003wt% anti-foaming agent, and the balance is base oil.

5. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein In formula I, R1 is selected from hydroxyl and methyl.

6. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein The mass ratio of the Mannich ashless dispersant to the anti-wear dispersant is 1:(0.1-0.2).

7. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 6, wherein The mass ratio of the Mannich ashless dispersant to the anti-wear dispersant is 1:0.

2.

8. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein The antiwear agent includes C 12- C 14 A mixture of tertiary alkyl primary amines, alkyl phosphate ammonium salts and dodecyl phosphite.

9. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 8, wherein The alkyl phosphate ammonium salt includes dihexyl phosphate dodecyl ammonium salt and / or butyl hexyl phosphate dodecyl ammonium salt.

10. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 8, wherein The C 12- C 14 The tertiary alkyl primary amine accounts for 0.05-0.2% of the total mass of the lubricating oil composition.

11. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 8, wherein The mass ratio of the alkyl phosphate ammonium salt to dodecyl phosphite is (0.1-0.25):

1.

12. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The antioxidant comprises a mixture of a phenolamine antioxidant and a phenol ester antioxidant; the phenolamine antioxidant contains both hindered phenol and diphenylamine functional groups.

13. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 12, wherein: The phenolamine antioxidant includes 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and / or 4-methylene-(4-diphenylamine)-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).

14. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 12, wherein The phenolic ester antioxidant includes 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionate isooctyl ester.

15. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 12, wherein The mass ratio of the phenol amine antioxidant to the phenol ester antioxidant is 1:(0.25-0.5).

16. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 15, wherein The mass ratio of the phenol amine antioxidant to the phenol ester antioxidant is 1:0.

5.

17. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The corrosion inhibitor includes 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene C 12 -C 14 One or a combination of two or more of tertiary alkyl primary amine, 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene dodecaamine, and 5-methylbenzotriazole methylene tetradecaamine.

18. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The friction modifier includes C4-C 12 A mixture of alkyl borate and potassium tetraborate.

19. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 18, wherein The mass fraction of the potassium tetraborate in the friction modifier is 10%.

20. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The base oil comprises one or a combination of two or more of a dispersant PAM viscosity index improver with a molecular weight of 30,000-100,000, an API Class I 150BS mineral base oil, a poly-α-olefin, and an ester base oil.

21. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 20, wherein In the base oil, the mass ratio of poly-α-olefin to ester base oil is 4:

1.

22. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The detergent includes calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate with a TBN of 300-320.

23. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The antifoaming agent includes dimethyl silicone oil antifoaming agent and / or perfluoropolyether modified polysiloxane antifoaming agent.

24. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 3, wherein: The kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition at 100° C. is 5.0-6.0 mm 2 / s.

25. A lubrication method, using the lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 3 to 24.

26. The lubrication method according to claim 25, wherein: This lubrication method is used for electric vehicle reduction gearboxes.

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