Three-dimensional folding geogrid and shoulder ballast baffle combined reinforcing structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway ballast track reinforcement, in particular to a three-dimensional folding geogrid and shoulder ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure and a construction method.The three-dimensional folding geogrid and shoulder ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure comprises a geogrid and a baffle, and the geogrid comprises a bottom grid and two side face grids; the bottom grille is arranged at the bottom of the ballast track bed, the two side face grilles are arranged on the two sides of the ballast track bed respectively, the bottom grille and the two side face grilles are of an integrated structure, the baffles are obliquely arranged on the two sides of the ballast track bed, and the baffles are used for pressing the side face grilles on the side faces of the ballast track bed. The geogrids and the baffles interact to form an effective rigid-flexible combined structure, the baffles provide rigid constraint, the geogrids provide flexible reinforcement, and the baffles and the geogrids have a synergistic effect, so that a transmission path of loads in the railway ballast is dispersed, local stress concentration is reduced, and the load bearing capacity of the railway ballast is improved. And the durability and the deformation resistance of the ballast bed in long-time operation are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway ballasted track reinforcement, and in particular to a three-dimensional folding geogrid and shoulder ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Railway ballast is an important component of railway tracks. It is laid on both sides and below the railway sleepers and is responsible for effectively transferring the train load to the foundation. At the same time, the ballast layer provides lateral support for the sleepers to ensure the drainage performance and shock absorption function of the track. However, under the long-term operating load of the train, the ballast material is prone to particle breakage, loss and deterioration, resulting in settlement and irreversible deformation of the roadbed. Such degradation not only affects the stability and safety of train operation, but also greatly increases maintenance costs and frequency, especially under high-load and high-speed train operating conditions.

[0003] As a new type of reinforcement material, geogrid has been widely used in the reinforcement of ballast layers due to its superior tensile strength. It forms a reinforcement grid to diffuse and disperse the upper train load, limit the excessive displacement of ballast particles, and thus improve the overall durability and stability of the roadbed. However, most geogrids are currently limited to laying at the bottom of the ballast layer. Although they can effectively reinforce the bottom ballast under vertical loads, they have limited lateral constraints and cannot fully curb the lateral displacement of the ballast during train operation. The accumulation of lateral displacement eventually leads to track deformation and uneven settlement, seriously affecting the smoothness and safety of train operation. Existing reinforcement methods, especially the application of geogrids alone to the side of the ballast, lack effective lateral pressure support, resulting in poor reinforcement effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the prior art and provide a three-dimensional folded geogrid and shoulder ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure and construction method. Through the interaction between the bottom grid, the side grid and the baffle, an effective "rigid-flexible combination" structure is formed, in which the baffle provides rigid constraint and the geogrid provides flexible reinforcement. The two work together to disperse the load transfer path in the ballast, reduce local force concentration, and effectively improve the durability and deformation resistance of the roadbed during long-term operation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a three-dimensional folded geogrid and shoulder ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure, including a geogrid and a baffle, the geogrid including a bottom grid and two side grids, the bottom grid is arranged at the bottom of the ballasted track bed, the two side grids are respectively arranged on both sides of the ballasted track bed, the bottom grid and the two side grids are an integrated structure, the baffles are arranged obliquely on both sides of the ballasted track bed, and the baffles are used to press the side grids against the sides of the ballasted track bed.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of upper drainage openings are provided on the baffle plate, and the upper drainage openings are arranged in the ballast section between the sleepers.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper drainage outlets are arranged in multiple rows, the upper drainage outlets are square, and the side length of the upper drainage outlets is equal to the distance between two adjacent sleepers.

[0008] Furthermore, a bottom drain port is provided at the bottom of the baffle, the bottom drain port is staggered with the upper drain port, and the bottom drain port is arranged in the sleeper section.

[0009] Furthermore, the baffle includes a plurality of baffle units along the length direction of the ballasted track bed, and two adjacent baffle units are spliced ​​together.

[0010] Furthermore, a non-slip bottom surface is provided at the bottom of the baffle, and the non-slip bottom surface is used to enhance the anti-slip ability of the baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, it comprises a plurality of reinforced limiting nails arranged on the side grille, one end of the reinforced limiting nail is inserted into the ballast track bed to fix the side grille.

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcement limiting nail includes a nail cap and a plurality of nail bodies, the nail cap abuts against the cross intersection of the side grid, and the plurality of nail bodies are inserted into the ballast track bed through the corners of four square frames around the cross intersection.

[0013] Furthermore, the reinforced limiting nails are arranged in the sleeper section so that the baffle is pressed on the reinforced limiting nails.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of lifting rings are arranged on the top of the baffle.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method of a three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast dam combined reinforcement structure, comprising:

[0016] The geogrid is laid evenly on the foundation surface and covered with ballast, with the slope angle of the ballast side being 1:1.75;

[0017] Fold the two side grids of the geogrid upwards to the side of the ballast to ensure that they fit tightly against the side of the ballast;

[0018] Use reinforced limit nails to drive into the cross points of the side grilles to fix the two side grilles. The reinforced limit nails are arranged in the sleeper section;

[0019] Align the upper drainage outlet of the baffle unit with the ballast section between the sleepers and place it on the side of the ballast, and splice the baffle units in sequence to form a baffle.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention sets a three-dimensional folding geogrid, that is, a bottom grid and two side grids connected as one. The side grids can not only limit the sliding caused by the lateral damage of the ballast and the uneven settlement caused by the deformation of the roadbed structure, but also exert a pulling force on the bottom grid, that is, the two side grids pull the bottom grid just below the ballasted roadbed, and form a stable whole through the multi-directional embedding of the three-dimensional folding geogrid. By setting the baffle, the side grid obtains additional lateral pressure, the side grid has a stronger ability to limit the displacement and loss of ballast particles, and the pulling force on the bottom grid is also stronger. In addition, the baffle itself can also tighten the two sides of the ballasted roadbed, further reducing the track deformation and uneven settlement of the ballasted roadbed. Therefore, the bottom grid, side grid and baffle of the present invention interact with each other to form an effective "rigid-flexible" structure, in which the baffle provides rigid constraint and the geogrid provides flexible reinforcement. The two work together to disperse the load transfer path in the ballast, reduce local force concentration, and effectively improve the durability and deformation resistance of the roadbed during long-term operation.

[0022] 2. The combined structure of the three-dimensional folded geogrid and the baffle of the present invention has a certain vibration energy absorption capacity, which can reduce the dynamic load caused by the vibration impact on the track when the train passes, and reduce the impact of noise and vibration on the train operation, thereby effectively protecting the track structure, improving the seismic performance, and providing a smoother and more comfortable riding experience.

[0023] 3. A plurality of upper drainage outlets are provided on the baffle of the present invention, and the upper drainage outlets are arranged in the ballast section between the sleepers, so that the side surfaces of the sleepers can be fully supported, thereby improving the operation safety of the track.

[0024] 4. The present invention can prevent rainwater from gathering at the bottom of the ballasted track bed and even seeping below the foundation surface to damage the interior of the ballasted track bed and the foundation surface by arranging the bottom drain outlet. Since the bottom drain outlet is arranged in the sleeper section and is staggered with the upper drain outlet, the situation in which the opening area of ​​a certain cross section of the baffle is large and the strength is greatly reduced is avoided. In addition, rainwater in the sleeper section can be directly discharged from the bottom drain outlet, and part of the rainwater in the ballast section between the sleepers is directly discharged from the upper drain outlet, and the other part is discharged from the bottom drain outlet, so the drainage efficiency is high.

[0025] 5. The side length of the upper drainage outlet of the present invention is equal to the distance between two adjacent sleepers, and the width of the bottom drainage outlet can be set to the width of the sleeper, so that the size of the drainage outlet is large enough to effectively avoid the problem of clogging the drainage hole after the ballast particles are broken, thereby ensuring the long-term drainage performance of the roadbed.

[0026] 6. The present invention fixes the side grilles by means of reinforced limit pins, which are arranged at the cross intersections of the side grilles. The nail bodies of the reinforced limit pins are inserted into the ballast bed through the corners of the four square frames around the cross intersections, so that the reinforced limit pins have a better fixing effect on the side grilles, which is beneficial to reduce the displacement and sliding of the geogrid.

[0027] 7. The reinforced limiting nails of the present invention are arranged in the sleeper section so that the baffle is pressed on the reinforced limiting nails, further improving the fixing effect of the reinforced limiting nails.

[0028] 8. The baffle of the present invention comprises a plurality of baffle units, which can be prefabricated in a factory and then spliced ​​on site, which is beneficial to improving construction efficiency and facilitating tamping and replacement of local areas at a later stage.

[0029] 9. The bottom of the baffle of the present invention is provided with an anti-skid bottom surface, which enhances the lateral anti-skid capability of the baffle, further improves the reinforcement effect on the ballasted track bed, and reduces the settlement deformation of the track under load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention

[0031] Figure 2 is a plan layout diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a side view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the present invention before the baffle is laid;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geogrid of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the geogrid and the ballast of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the baffle of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a side view of the baffle of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 This is a front view of the reinforced limiting nail of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a top view of the reinforced limiting nail of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12It is a force analysis diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 It is a construction flow chart of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the ballasted track bed model of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.15 The displacement vector diagram of the Y1 section of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.16 It is the contact force chain distribution diagram of the Y1 section of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.17 It is the lateral resistance of the ballast bed when the lateral displacement is 2 mm in the present invention.

[0047] Figure numerals: geogrid 1; bottom grid 11; side grid 12; reinforced limit nail 2; nail cap 21; nail body 22; ballast track bed 3; baffle 4; baffle unit 41; upper drain outlet 42; bottom drain outlet 43; anti-slip bottom surface 44; lifting ring 45; joint 46; foundation surface 7; sleeper 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0049] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure, including a geogrid 1 and a baffle 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 , 7 As shown, the geogrid 1 includes a bottom grid 11 and two side grids 12. The bottom grid 11 is arranged at the bottom of the ballast track bed 3, and the two side grids 12 are arranged on both sides of the ballast track bed 3. The bottom grid 11 and the two side grids 12 are an integrated structure. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , the geogrid 1 is in its initial state before construction. After construction, the geogrid 1 wraps the bottom and both sides of the ballast. Figure 3 As shown, the baffles 4 are arranged obliquely on both sides of the ballast bed 3 , and the baffles 4 are used to press the side grids 12 against the sides of the ballast bed 3 .

[0050] It can be understood that the bottom grid 11 and the two side grids 12 connected as one form a three-dimensional folding geogrid 1. The side grids 12 can not only limit the sliding caused by the lateral damage of the ballast and the uneven settlement caused by the deformation of the track structure, but also exert a pulling force on the bottom grid 11, that is, the two side grids 12 pull the bottom grid 11 directly under the ballasted track 3, and form a stable whole through the multi-directional embedding of the three-dimensional folding geogrid 1. By setting the baffle 4, the side grid 12 obtains additional lateral pressure, and the side grid 12 has a stronger ability to limit the displacement and loss of ballast particles, and has a stronger pulling force on the bottom grid 11. In addition, the baffle 4 itself can also tighten the two sides of the ballasted track 3, further reducing the track deformation and uneven settlement of the ballasted track 3. Fig.12 As shown, the geogrid 1 is subjected to tension as a whole and to compressive stress from the baffle 4. The bottom grid 11, the side grid 12 and the baffle 4 interact with each other to form an effective "rigid-flexible combination" structure, in which the baffle 4 provides rigid constraints and the geogrid 1 provides flexible reinforcement. The two work together to disperse the load transfer path in the ballast, reduce local force concentration, and effectively improve the durability and deformation resistance of the roadbed during long-term operation.

[0051] In addition, the combined structure of the three-dimensional folded geogrid 1 and the baffle 4 has a certain vibration energy absorption capacity, which can reduce the dynamic load caused by the vibration impact on the track when the train passes, and reduce the impact of noise and vibration on the train operation, thereby effectively protecting the track structure, improving the seismic performance, and providing a smoother and more comfortable riding experience.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the geogrid 1 of the present application adopts a bidirectional geogrid, and may also adopt a tridirectional geogrid, a new type of geogrid, and other geogrid types that can meet the reinforcement requirements.

[0053] In order to ensure the drainage capacity of the ballast track bed 3, in some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of upper drainage openings 42 are provided on the baffle plate 4, and the upper drainage openings 42 are arranged in the ballast section between the sleepers, wherein Figure 2 As shown, the ballast section between sleepers is the section between two adjacent sleepers 8, and the sleeper section is the section where the width of the sleeper 8 is located.

[0054] It can be understood that, since the upper drainage outlet 42 is arranged in the ballast section between the sleepers, the side of the sleeper 8 can be fully supported, that is, the ballast within the sleeper section can be fully supported, thereby improving the operating safety of the track.

[0055] Furthermore, the upper drainage openings 42 can be arranged in two rows, the upper drainage openings 42 are square, and the side length of the upper drainage openings 42 is equal to the distance between two adjacent sleepers 8. Since the side length of the upper drainage openings 42 is equal to the distance between two adjacent sleepers 8, the size of the upper drainage openings 42 is large enough, which can effectively avoid the problem of clogging the drainage holes after the ballast particles are broken, and ensure the long-term drainage performance of the roadbed.

[0056] In order to further improve the drainage capacity of the ballast track bed 3, in some embodiments, a bottom drain port 43 is provided at the bottom of the baffle 4, the bottom drain port 43 is staggered with the upper drain port 42, and the bottom drain port 43 is arranged in the sleeper section. The width of the bottom drain port 43 can be set to the width of the sleeper 8 to maximize the drainage efficiency.

[0057] It can be understood that the bottom drain outlet 43 can prevent rainwater from gathering at the bottom of the ballasted track bed 3 or even seeping below the foundation surface 7, thereby damaging the interior of the ballasted track bed 3 and the foundation surface 7. Since the bottom drain outlet 43 is arranged in the sleeper section and is staggered with the upper drain outlet 42, the situation in which the opening area of ​​a certain cross section of the baffle 4 is large and the strength is greatly reduced is avoided. In addition, the rainwater in the sleeper section can be directly discharged from the bottom drain outlet 43, and part of the rainwater in the ballast section between the sleepers is directly discharged from the upper drain outlet 42, and the other part is discharged from the bottom drain outlet 43, thereby achieving high drainage efficiency.

[0058] In order to facilitate the construction and subsequent maintenance of the baffle 4, the baffle 4 includes a plurality of baffle units 41 along the length direction of the ballast track bed 3, and two adjacent baffle units 41 are spliced. Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the joints 46 of the baffle unit 41 are staggered at both ends of the baffle unit 41, so that two adjacent baffle units 41 can be spliced ​​end to end. The joints 46 are stepped structures, which can provide vertical and lateral resistance between the two adjacent baffle units 41, thereby improving the integrity of the baffle 4. The baffle units 41 can be spliced ​​on site after being prefabricated in the factory, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency and facilitating the tamping and replacement of local areas in the later stage.

[0059] The baffle plate 4 of the present application is placed directly on the foundation surface 7. In order to improve the anti-slip ability of the baffle plate 4, an anti-slip bottom surface 44 is arranged at the bottom of the baffle plate 4. The anti-slip bottom surface 44 can be an anti-slip agent, an anti-slip rubber pad, or a rough frosted surface, etc. arranged at the bottom of the baffle plate 4, thereby ensuring the reinforcing effect of the baffle plate 4 on the ballast track bed 3 and reducing the settlement deformation of the track under load.

[0060] In some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing stop pins 2 are arranged on the side grid 12, and one end of the reinforcing stop pin 2 is inserted into the ballast track bed 3 to fix the side grid 12. The geogrid 1 is fixedly connected to the ballast track bed 3 through the reinforcing stop pins 2, thereby improving the integrity of the geogrid 1 and the ballast track bed 3.

[0061] Furthermore, in order to improve the reinforcement effect of the reinforcement limit nail 2, as Fig.10 , 11 As shown, the reinforced limiting nail 2 includes a nail cap 21 and a plurality of nail bodies 22. Figure 7 As shown, the nail cap 21 is against the cross point of the side grid 12, and a plurality of nail bodies 22 are inserted into the ballast track bed 3 through the corners of four square frames around the cross point.

[0062] In order to further improve the reinforcement effect of the reinforcement stopper 2 , the reinforcement stopper 2 is arranged in the sleeper section so that the baffle 4 is pressed on the reinforcement stopper 2 .

[0063] The structure of the reinforced limit nail 2 is different from that of conventional geogrid fixing nails. It is provided with four nail bodies 22 and is long enough to be effectively driven into the ballast to lock the geogrid 1. The reinforced limit nail 2 can be made of the same material as the railway spike to ensure sufficient rigidity.

[0064] In some embodiments, a plurality of lifting rings 45 are provided on the top of the baffle 4 to facilitate the movement of the baffle 4 .

[0065] like Fig.13 As shown, the present invention also provides a construction method of a three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast dam combined reinforcement structure, comprising:

[0066] The geogrid 1 is laid evenly on the foundation surface 7, and covered with ballast, and the slope angle of the ballast side is 1:1.75;

[0067] Fold the two side grids 12 of the geogrid 1 upward to the side of the ballast to ensure that they fit tightly to the side of the ballast. Figure 5 As shown;

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, the two side grilles 12 are fixed by using the reinforced limit nails 2 to be nailed into the cross points of the side grilles 12, and the reinforced limit nails 2 are arranged in the sleeper section;

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper drainage port 42 of the baffle unit 41 is aligned with the ballast section between the sleepers and placed on the side of the ballast, and the baffle units 41 are spliced ​​in sequence to form the baffle 4.

[0070] The present invention provides an effective solution to the problem of uneven settlement of the roadbed caused by ballast deformation and lateral displacement, and effectively solves the problems that the geogrid 1 cannot play its due role if it is only laid on the side of the ballast, and it is difficult to disassemble, maintain and tamp after application. The roadbed reinforcement design based on the three-dimensional folding geogrid 1 and the shoulder ballast baffle 4 provided by the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to replace, has a low manufacturing cost, has a wide range of applications, and enhances the safety performance and service life of the ballasted track.

[0071] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, the present invention models the ballasted track bed, applies a horizontal leftward thrust to the sleeper, and performs simulation calculations for four cases: (a) no reinforcement, i.e., no geogrid 1 and baffle 4 are provided; (b) with a grid, i.e., only geogrid 1 is provided; (c) with baffle 4, i.e., only baffle 4 is provided; (d) with a grid and baffle 4, i.e., geogrid 1 and baffle 4 are provided.

[0072] The calculation results of the Y1 section of the model are as follows: Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, the DEM (discrete element) displacement represents the displacement of the ballast track bed 3, and the FDM (finite element) displacement represents the displacement of the geogrid 1, the baffle 4, and the foundation surface 7. It can be found that the combined application of the baffle 4 and the geogrid 1 can significantly improve the lateral resistance and show the best reinforcement effect. From the force chain diagram and the displacement particle vector diagram, it can be seen that the combination of the baffle 4 and the geogrid 1 enables the ballast particles to form a stronger interlocking effect and constraint force under the lateral load, effectively limiting the lateral movement and internal displacement of the particles, thereby enhancing the stiffness and stability of the overall track structure.

[0073] The specific manifestations are: Fig.16 As shown in (d) in the figure, the lateral resistance of the track reaches the maximum when the baffle 4 and the geogrid 1 are combined. The baffle 4 provides direct physical restriction in the lateral direction, while the geogrid 1 enhances the interlocking effect of the bottom of the ballast. The two work together to effectively resist the lateral thrust.

[0074] like Fig.16 As shown in (c) in the figure, when baffle 4 is used alone, the lateral resistance effect is second. Although baffle 4 limits lateral diffusion, the bottom constraint is insufficient, and the particles at the bottom of the track still have a certain displacement space, which reduces the potential for resistance improvement.

[0075] like Fig.16 As shown in (b) in FIG. 1 , when the geogrid 1 is used alone, although the bottom locking effect is enhanced, the lack of lateral constraint allows the particles to still move under lateral loads, resulting in limited improvement in lateral resistance.

[0076] like Fig.16As shown in (d) in the figure, when no reinforcement measures are taken, the lateral resistance is the lowest, the ballast particles are easily displaced and diffused under the action of external forces, and the lateral stability is the worst.

[0077] It should be noted that Fig.15 The figure in the figure shows the structural displacement vector diagram when the lateral displacement of the sleeper is the same in four cases. It can be found that Fig.15 Compared with (a), (b) and (c) in Fig. Fig.15 Compared with (b) and (c), (d) in Fig. 1 shows that the particle displacement is larger and more particles are added, indicating that more particles participate in the lateral displacement and provide greater lateral resistance. This is mainly due to the interaction between the bottom grille, the side grille, and the baffle, forming an effective "rigid-flexible combination" structure; Fig.17 As shown in the figure, when the lateral displacement of the sleeper is 2mm, the lateral resistance corresponding to the case (d) with grilles and baffles is the largest. Therefore, for the case (d) with grilles and baffles, a larger lateral thrust is required to make the sleeper displace 2mm laterally. That is to say, under the same lateral thrust, the lateral displacement of the sleeper corresponding to the case (d) with grilles and baffles is the smallest.

[0078] Therefore, the combined application of the baffle 4 and the geogrid 1 can maximize the lateral thrust resistance of the ballasted track, especially when dealing with the lateral load of the train, it can effectively reduce the lateral displacement of the track structure and significantly improve the overall stability of the track. This result shows that the combined design of the baffle 4 and the geogrid 1 has significant advantages in the lateral reinforcement of the ballasted track.

[0079] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast baffle combined reinforcement structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a geogrid (1) and a baffle (4), wherein the geogrid (1) comprises a bottom grid (11) and two side grids (12), wherein the bottom grid (11) is arranged at the bottom of a ballast bed (3), and the two side grids (12) are arranged at both sides of the ballast bed (3), respectively, and the bottom grid (11) and the two side grids (12) are an integrated structure, and the baffle (4) is arranged obliquely at both sides of the ballast bed (3), and the baffle (4) is used to press the side grids (12) against the sides of the ballast bed (3).

2. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast plate combined reinforcement structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of upper drainage openings (42) are provided on the baffle plate (4), and the upper drainage openings (42) are arranged in the ballast section between the sleepers.

3. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast plate combined reinforcement structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper drainage openings (42) are arranged in multiple rows, the upper drainage openings (42) are square, and the side length of the upper drainage openings (42) is equal to the distance between two adjacent sleepers (8).

4. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast plate combined reinforcement structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A bottom drainage port (43) is provided at the bottom of the baffle (4), the bottom drainage port (43) and the upper drainage port (42) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the bottom drainage port (43) is arranged in the sleeper section.

5. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast dam combined reinforcement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The baffle (4) comprises a plurality of baffle units (41) along the length direction of the ballast track bed (3), and two adjacent baffle units (41) are spliced ​​together.

6. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast dam combined reinforcement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The baffle (4) is placed on a foundation surface (7), and an anti-skid bottom surface (44) is provided at the bottom of the baffle (4), wherein the anti-skid bottom surface (44) is used to enhance the anti-skid capability of the baffle (4).

7. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast dam combined reinforcement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of reinforced limiting nails (2) arranged on a side grille (12), one end of each of the reinforced limiting nails (2) being inserted into a ballast track bed (3) to fix the side grille (12).

8. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast plate combined reinforcement structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The reinforcement limit nail (2) comprises a nail cap (21) and a plurality of nail bodies (22), wherein the nail cap (21) abuts against a cross point of the side grid (12), and the plurality of nail bodies (22) are inserted into the ballast track bed (3) through the corners of four square frames around the cross point.

9. The three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast dam combined reinforcement structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The reinforced limiting nail (2) is arranged in the sleeper section so that the baffle (4) is pressed on the reinforced limiting nail (2).

10. A construction method for a three-dimensional folded geogrid and ballast plate combined reinforcement structure, characterized in that: include: The geogrid (1) is evenly laid on the foundation surface (7), and ballast is covered thereon, and the slope angle of the side of the ballast is 1:1.75; Fold the two side grids (12) of the geogrid (1) upwards to the side of the ballast to ensure that they fit tightly against the side of the ballast; Using reinforced stopper nails (2) to drive into the cross points of the side grilles (12) to fix the two side grilles (12), the reinforced stopper nails (2) are arranged in the sleeper section; The upper drainage opening (42) of the baffle unit (41) is aligned with the ballast section between the sleepers and placed on the side of the ballast, and the baffle units (41) are spliced ​​in sequence to form a baffle (4).

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