Inner and outer layer nested friction nanometer generator and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an inner and outer layer nested friction nano-generator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of friction nano-generators, the method comprises the following steps: providing a tubular body-centered cubic structure made of a soluble material as a sacrificial layer mold, and mutually communicating internal pipelines of the sacrificial layer mold; filling an internal pipeline of the pipeline sacrificial layer mold with an elastic and conductive first friction material as a conductive layer and a friction layer, and after the internal material is cured, immersing the pipeline sacrificial layer mold into an elastic second friction material and curing; and the cured sacrificial layer mold is put into an organic solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer, and a gap internal filling model composed of the two elastic friction materials is obtained. The friction nano-generator prepared by the method can ingeniously convert various mechanical energy in nature into electric energy, and the friction nano-generator with better output performance is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction nanogenerators, and more specifically, to an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology, based on the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, can convert various mechanical energies commonly found in nature into electrical energy, and is not affected by geography and climate. Once discovered, it has attracted great attention. Through the friction between two materials with different electron gain and loss capabilities, the charge is transferred during the mutual movement of the two materials, and then an electric current is generated. In this process, the tiny mechanical energy of an object can be converted into electrical energy without generating any other pollution emissions, and there are no special requirements for the reaction site.

[0003] With the promotion of friction nanopower generation, many small-sized and high-output generators and sensors have emerged. Currently, research on friction power generation technology is increasingly focused on the exploration of structure and materials. The current friction nanogenerator structure is still large and heavy. After miniaturization, the output performance cannot meet the needs of daily power supply, and the energy conversion efficiency needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an inner-and-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, and a preparation method and application thereof. By designing an inner-and-outer nested body-centered cubic lattice structure and combining two friction materials with good elasticity and toughness, various mechanical energies in nature can be cleverly converted into electrical energy to obtain a friction nanogenerator with better output performance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above application purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, comprising the following steps: A tubular body-centered cubic structure of a soluble material is provided as a sacrificial layer mold, and the internal pipes of the sacrificial layer mold are interconnected; Filling the inner pipe of the pipe sacrificial layer mold with a first friction material that is elastic and conductive as a conductive layer and a friction layer, and after the inner material is solidified, immersing the pipe sacrificial layer mold in a second friction material that is elastic and solidifies; The cured sacrificial layer mold is placed in an organic solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer, thereby obtaining an internal filling model with a gap composed of two elastic friction materials. The internal filling model is a first friction material with a three-dimensional cross structure nested inside the second friction material.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the provision of a tubular body-centered cubic structure of a soluble material as a sacrificial layer mold is achieved by establishing a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, slicing it, and printing it with a 3D printer to obtain the sacrificial layer mold.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the sacrificial layer mold is a body-centered cubic lattice structure with eight vertices connected to the body center; and two openings are reserved on the upper end surface of the sacrificial layer mold as outlets, and a opening is reserved in the center of the lower end surface as an injection port, and the injection port is connected to both outlets.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the soluble material is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first friction material is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) added with conductive filler MVCNTs.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the preparation method of the first friction material includes the following: Add MVCNTs to PDMS glue A and mix them evenly to obtain a mixture B0; PDMS glue B was added to mixture B0 to obtain a first friction material.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of glue A to glue B is (10~20):1.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, after adding MVCNTs to the PDMS glue A and uniformly mixing, the method further comprises: Chloroform is then added and ultrasonic dispersion is performed. The chloroform in the dispersed solution is volatilized by heating, and a uniformly dispersed mixture B0 is obtained after volatilization.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of PDMS to MVCNTs is 100:(1-7); and the ultrasonic time is 2h-3h.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of PDMS to chloroform is 1:(20-30).

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first friction material having elasticity and conductivity is filled in the pipeline inside the pipeline sacrificial layer mold as a conductive layer and a friction layer, including: The first friction material is injected into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, a copper wire is inserted into the sacrificial layer mold and fixed inside the filling material, and the product B1 is solidified after heating to form a conductive layer and a friction layer; When the sacrificial layer mold is filled by a syringe, an air pump with constant pressure is selected for injection. The sacrificial layer mold is injected from the lower end surface through-hole during filling. When the first friction material flows out from the upper end surface through-hole, it is filled.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating temperature is 90-120° C. and the curing time is 1 h-3 h.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the preparation method of the second friction material includes: The second friction material is Ecoflex. Take the A glue and B glue of Ecoflex, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them to obtain a mixture B2.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass ratio of glue A to glue B is 1:1; and the vacuum defoaming time is 0 to 10 minutes.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the internal material is solidified, the pipeline sacrificial layer mold is immersed in the second friction material with elasticity and solidified, comprising: The pipeline sacrificial layer mold is immersed in the second friction material, and heated and cured after being completely immersed.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the curing temperature is 40-80° C. and the curing time is 2-5 hours.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cured sacrificial layer mold is placed in an organic solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer, and further comprises: Repeated squeezing by a stepper motor speeds up the dissolution process; After the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved, it is heated and dried.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating temperature during drying is 90° C. to 110° C., and the drying time is 11 to 13 hours.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides an inner-and-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, which is prepared according to a method for preparing an inner-and-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application provides an inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure prepared by the preparation method, and its application in the preparation of flexible and wearable electronic products. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention designs a body-centered cubic lattice structure with inner and outer layers nested, and combines two friction materials with good elasticity and toughness. Based on 3D printing technology, mold sacrificial method and friction nano-power generation effect, various mechanical energies in nature can be cleverly converted into electrical energy to obtain a friction nano-generator with good output performance. Based on its own small size and light weight structural characteristics, it can be used in a variety of occasions to power small devices to solve the shortcomings of other existing energy sources being restricted by geography, climate, etc. The inner and outer nested friction nano-generator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure has the advantages of simple principle, light weight, good flexibility, small size, simple circuit, good durability, stable output and environmental protection and pollution-free. It can be widely used in the power supply field of various small devices, providing new ideas and methods for solving the shortcomings of other existing energy sources being restricted by geography, climate, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of step 1 of the present invention, 3D printing of a sacrificial layer mold; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of preparing mixture B0 in step 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of preparing product B1 in step 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 Flow chart of preparing mixture B2 in step 4 of the present invention; Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator of the body-centered cubic lattice structure of the present invention; Figure 6 The three views of the sacrificial layer mold of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an axonometric view of the sacrificial layer mold of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal filling structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the open circuit voltage test results of the product prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0027] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0028] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c" can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0029] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0031] The weight of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiment description of the present application can not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also indicate the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components is proportionally enlarged or reduced according to the embodiment description of the present application, it is within the scope disclosed in the embodiment description of the present application. Specifically, the mass in the embodiment description of the present application can be a mass unit known in the chemical industry such as µg, mg, g, kg, etc.

[0032] The terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes to distinguish objects such as substances from each other, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first XX may also be referred to as the second XX, and similarly, the second XX may also be referred to as the first XX. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, comprising the following steps: S1, providing a tubular body-centered cubic structure of a soluble material as a sacrificial layer mold, wherein the internal pipes of the sacrificial layer mold are interconnected, and two openings are reserved on the upper end surface thereof, and one opening is reserved at the center of the lower end surface; S2, filling the interior of the pipe with a first friction material that is elastic and conductive as a conductive layer and a friction layer, and after the internal material is cured, immersing the pipe in a second friction material that is elastic and cured; S3, placing the solidified model into an organic solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer.

[0034] The selected organic solvent cannot damage the inner and outer filling materials, thereby obtaining an internal filling model with a certain gap composed of two elastic friction materials, that is, the first friction material with a three-dimensional cross structure is nested inside the second friction material.

[0035] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing an inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, which accurately manufactures a tubular body-centered cubic structure of a soluble material with a complex structure as a sacrificial layer mold. The internal pipes of this mold are interconnected, and two openings are reserved on the upper end face, and one opening is reserved in the center of the lower end face, which provides convenience for the subsequent filling and curing process. After filling the mold with an elastic and conductive first friction material, wait for it to solidify, and then immerse the entire mold in an elastic second friction material and solidify it. After dissolving the sacrificial layer mold, an internal filling model with a certain gap composed of two elastic friction materials can be obtained. The key to this method lies in the selection and dissolution process of the sacrificial layer mold. It is necessary to ensure that the selected organic solvent can effectively dissolve the sacrificial layer mold without damaging the inner and outer filling materials. When two friction layers of different materials come into contact and separate under the action of external mechanical force, charge transfer will occur on their contact surfaces, forming a potential difference. By connecting an external circuit, this potential difference can be converted into electrical energy output. In the preparation method, the first friction material and the second friction material are respectively used as friction layers in the inner and outer layer nested structure, and electrical energy is generated through their contact and separation.

[0036] As an example, a body-centered cubic lattice structure is used as the basis for the nesting of inner and outer layers, so that the entire generator has a unique geometric shape and stable structural characteristics. This structure not only improves the mechanical strength and stability of the generator, but also facilitates the transfer and collection of charges between the friction layers. The first friction material and the second friction material can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the best friction effect and power output. At the same time, both materials need to be elastic and conductive to ensure that good contact and separation effects can be maintained under the action of external mechanical forces.

[0037] Preferably, a tubular body-centered cubic structure of a soluble material can be printed using 3D printing technology as a sacrificial layer mold. The method of combining 3D printing technology and mold sacrificial method can greatly simplify the preparation process and reduce production costs. At the same time, this method can also achieve large-scale production and customized design to meet the application needs of different fields and scenarios. The selected organic solvent needs to be able to dissolve the sacrificial layer mold without damaging the internal and external filling materials, and it is also necessary to ensure that no toxic and harmful substances are produced during the dissolution process. This not only protects the environment and human health, but also improves the sustainability and environmental protection of the entire preparation process.

[0038] For example, it can be applied to wearable devices, IoT sensors, and portable electronic devices to provide these devices with a stable and reliable source of power.

[0039] As an example, in the above embodiment, body-centered cubic is a type of crystal structure in which atoms are closely arranged and highly symmetrical. Body-centered cubic structural materials exhibit high strength in a wide temperature range and under a large strain state. Its plastic deformation mode is quite different from that of metals with face-centered cubic structures, mainly due to its crystallographic lattice characteristics and high lattice friction. Since the body-centered cubic lattice structure has multiple edges with gaps, the first friction material and the second friction material are respectively used as friction layers in the inner and outer nested structures, which can provide friction effects and electrical energy output.

[0040] The principle of the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure is mainly based on friction electrification and electrostatic induction. When two objects of different materials rub against each other, charge transfer will occur on the contact surface, making one object positively charged and the other negatively charged. In the present invention, the first friction material and the second friction material will generate opposite charges on their respective surfaces during the process of mutual contact and friction. When a charged object approaches a conductor, induced charges will be generated inside the conductor, so that the end of the conductor close to the charged object will carry a charge opposite to that of the charged object, and the end away from the charged object will carry the same charge. In the present invention, when the two friction materials come into contact and separate due to external mechanical action (such as pressure, vibration, etc.), induced charges will be generated inside each other, and electrical energy will be output through the wire.

[0041] On the other hand, as an example, the present invention provides a method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure. The method is based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure and uses modeling software and 3D printing technology to prepare an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator.

[0042] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Figure 1 As shown, a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model is established by modeling software, and after slicing, a sacrificial layer mold is obtained by printing with a 3D printer. The specific shape is as follows Figure 6 As shown; Preferably, the sacrificial layer mold is a body-centered cubic lattice structure, with eight vertices connected to the body center, and this structure behaves isotropically when subjected to force.

[0043] Preferably, the selected materials include but are not limited to water-soluble materials such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which has good solubility in water and is conducive to the dissolution of the sacrificial layer mold. The sacrificial layer mold is transparent, which is convenient for observing the internal filling situation.

[0044] Step 2: For the first friction material, including but not limited to soft and elastic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), it has a wide range of adaptability to temperature, generally maintains elasticity at low and high temperatures, has good chemical stability, and is insoluble in general organic solvents. Add a certain amount of conductive filler to the PDMS glue A and mix them evenly to obtain a mixture B0; In particular, such as Figure 2 As shown, the conductive filler includes but is not limited to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MVCNTs). To ensure that the MVCNTs are evenly dispersed in the PDMS, a certain amount of MVCNTs is added to the PDMS glue A, and then a certain amount of chloroform is added, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed. The chloroform in the dispersed solution is volatilized by heating, and a uniformly dispersed mixture B0 can be obtained after volatilization.

[0045] Preferably, the mass ratio of PDMS to MVCNTs is 100:1-7; the specific mass ratio can be selected according to actual needs, for example, it can be 100:(1-3), 100:(3-5), 100:(4-7), 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, 100:5, 100:5.5, 100:6, 100:7, etc.

[0046] Preferably, the ultrasonic time is 2h~3h, so as to achieve sufficient and uniform dispersion.

[0047] Preferably, the mass ratio of PDMS to chloroform is 20:1-30:1; the specific mass ratio can be selected according to actual needs, for example, it can be (20-26):1, (24-30):1, (22-28):1, 20:1, 23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, 29:1, 30:1, etc.

[0048] Step 3: If Figure 3 As shown, a certain amount of PDMS B glue is added to the dispersed B0, stirred evenly and then injected into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, a copper wire is inserted into the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fixed inside the filling material, and the product B1 is obtained by curing after heating; In particular, when the sacrificial layer mold is filled with a syringe, a constant pressure air pump is used to ensure uniform filling inside. When filling, the mixture B0 is injected from the lower end surface of the sacrificial layer mold. When the mixture B0 flows out from the upper end surface, it is filled. In particular, the sacrificial layer mold of the selected PVA material is transparent, and the mixture B0 is black, so that the filling condition can be observed during the pouring process, which can further ensure the uniform filling; In particular, the wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold can be connected to the material one as the material one solidifies, and the charge generated by the friction between the material one and the material two can be conducted out to form an alternating current outside.

[0049] Preferably, the mass ratio of glue A to glue B is 20:1~10:1; the specific mass ratio can be selected according to actual needs, for example, it can be (10~20):1, (10~18):1, (12~20):1, (15~17):1, 10:1, 12:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 20:1, etc.

[0050] Preferably, the heating temperature is 90-120°C; for example, it may be 90°C, 100°C, 95°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, etc.

[0051] Preferably, the curing time is 1 h to 3 h; for example, it can be 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.5 h, 3 h, etc.

[0052] Step 4: If Figure 4 As shown, for the second friction material, including but not limited to Ecoflex, take glue A and glue B of Ecoflex, mix glue A and glue B with a glass rod, defoam through a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2, and heat and cure; Preferably, the mass ratio of glue A to glue B is 1:1; the vacuum defoaming time is 0 to 10 min; for the purpose of completing defoaming, the specific time can be selected according to actual conditions, for example, 1 min; 1 min; 2 min; 3 min; 4 min; 5 min; 6 min; 7 min; 8 min; 9 min; 10 min; etc.

[0053] Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2, and heat and solidify after it is completely immersed to obtain the product B3; Preferably, the curing temperature is 40-80°C, for example, 40-70°C, 50-80°C, 45-75°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 45°C, 55°C, 75°C, etc. The curing time is 2-5h; for example, 3h; 3.5h; 4h; 4.5h; 5h; 3-4h; 4-5h; etc.

[0054] Step 6: If Figure 5 As shown, the product B3 is immersed in the sacrificial layer solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer, and the dissolution process is accelerated by repeated squeezing by a stepper motor to obtain the product B4, as shown in Figure 7 shown.

[0055] For example, immerse it in 90~110℃ hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, and replace the water every 1~2 hours. The hot water temperature can be 90~110℃, 100~110℃, 90~100℃, 90℃, 95℃, 98℃, 100℃, 110℃, etc.

[0056] Step 7: After the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved, the product B4 is heated and dried to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0057] Preferably, the heating temperature during drying is 90°C to 110°C, for example, 90°C to 100°C, 100°C to 110°C, 95°C to 105°C, 90°C, 98°C, 99°C, 100°C, 105°C, 108°C, 109°C, 110°C, etc.

[0058] The drying time is 11~13h; for example, 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; 11~13h; etc.

[0059] The above-mentioned inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure can capture various forms of mechanical energy due to its inner-outer nested structure, so that the inner and outer materials can contact and separate to generate alternating current.

[0060] In some embodiments, a single-electrode mode is adopted to reduce the resistance of the charge during the transfer process, improve the efficiency of charge transfer, and thus reduce energy loss. Based on the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, both principles are relatively simple and easy to implement. At the same time, due to the use of lightweight materials, the entire device is light in weight and flexible, and can adapt to various working environments. The friction layer is combined with the conductive layer, making the entire device small in size and simple in circuit. The electrical energy converted by the device can be output by inserting only one wire, which is convenient and practical. The friction material with good elasticity and toughness is selected to make the entire device durable and have good fatigue strength. At the same time, due to the simple and stable principle, the output electrical energy is also relatively stable. A water-soluble sacrificial layer can be selected, and no toxic solvent is required during the dissolution process, and no toxic substances are precipitated during the dissolution process, which meets environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the experimental conditions are simple and easy to implement.

[0061] The second purpose of the present application is to provide an inner-and-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the inner-and-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0062] The second aspect of the present application provides an inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure. When external excitation is generated, the two materials will produce different degrees of extrusion deformation based on their good elasticity. In this process, the two materials are constantly in contact and separation. Since the two materials have different abilities to gain and lose electrons, based on the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, charge transfer will occur in this process. When the two materials are separated, an induced potential difference is formed between the two friction layers, and electrons flow between the electrodes, causing the potential between the two friction materials to change periodically, driving the electrons to flow to the external circuit, thereby generating a regular alternating current.

[0063] The third purpose of the present application is to provide an inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure prepared by the preparation method, and its application in the preparation of flexible and wearable electronic products.

[0064] The second aspect of the present application provides an application principle of an inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, which is mainly based on the friction nanogenerator effect and the unique structural design of the generator. The friction nanogenerator effect refers to the fact that when two objects of different materials are in contact and separation, due to the combined effect of friction electrification and electrostatic induction effect, a charge transfer will occur on the contact surface, thereby forming a potential difference. By connecting an external circuit, this potential difference can be converted into electrical energy output. In this application, the inner and outer nested friction materials in the generator come into contact and separate under the action of human body movement or external mechanical force, thereby generating electrical energy. The unique structural design of the generator includes a body-centered cubic lattice structure and inner and outer nested friction materials. The body-centered cubic lattice structure enables the generator to have stable mechanical properties and high charge transfer efficiency. The inner and outer nested friction materials increase the contact area and transfer path of the charge, thereby improving the output efficiency of electrical energy.

[0065] Specifically, when the human body moves, such as swinging arms and walking, the generator in the wearable device will be deformed, causing the inner and outer friction materials to contact and separate. During the contact process, due to the friction electrification effect, charge transfer will occur on the contact surface of the friction material. During the separation process, due to the electrostatic induction effect, induced charges will be generated inside the friction material and form current through the external circuit. In this way, the mechanical energy of human movement can be converted into electrical energy to provide power support for wearable electronic devices. By optimizing the friction material and structural design, the output efficiency of electrical energy can be improved to meet the power needs of wearable devices.

[0066] The following describes the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0067] Example 1 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.315 g of MVCNTs and 260 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 3 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 0.5g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify at 60°C for 2h to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 90°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water once every hour, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 100° C. for 12 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0068] Example 2 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.620 g of MVCNTs and 200 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 2 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 1g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify at 40°C for 5 hours to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 100°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water every 1.2 hours, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 90° C. for 12 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0069] Example 3 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.30 g of MVCNTs and 300 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 2.5 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 0.6g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify at 80°C for 4 hours to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 95°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water every 2 hours, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 110° C. for 11 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0070] Example 4 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.70 g of MVCNTs and 260 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 3 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 0.8g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify at 70°C for 3h to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 98°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water every 1.5 hours, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 105° C. for 11 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0071] Example 5 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.550 g of MVCNTs and 275 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 2.5 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 0.9g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire into the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify it at 42°C for 5 hours to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 110°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water once every hour, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 106° C. for 13 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0072] Example 6 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.10 g of MVCNTs and 260 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 3 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 0.8g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify at 45°C for 4.5h to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 95°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water every 1.2 hours, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 105° C. for 11.5 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0073] Example 7 Step 1: Use modeling software to establish a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, and after slicing, use a 3D printer to print with PVA consumables to obtain a sacrificial layer mold; the inner diameter of the sacrificial layer mold pipe is 0.9 mm, the outer diameter is 2.4 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 1 mm, and the overall size of the sacrificial layer mold is 66*40*11 mm; Step 2: Take 10 g of PDMS glue A, add 0.30 g of MVCNTs and 260 g of CHCl3, disperse by ultrasonic for 3 h, and heat under ventilation to volatilize CHCl3 to obtain a mixture B0; Step 3: Add 0.8g of B glue to the dispersed B0, stir evenly and inject into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, insert a copper wire at the opening of the sacrificial layer mold and fix it inside the filling material, heat and solidify to obtain product B1; Step 4: Take 15g of Ecoflex A glue and 15g of B glue, mix them evenly with a glass rod, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them in a vacuum box to obtain a mixture B2; Step 5: immerse the product B1 into the mixture B2 and solidify at 55°C for 3.5h to obtain the product B3; Step 6: Immerse the product B3 in 98°C hot water to dissolve the PVA sacrificial layer, replace the water every 1.2 hours, and repeatedly squeeze with a stepper motor to accelerate the dissolution process to obtain product B4; Step 7: Dry the product B4 after the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved at 97° C. for 11.5 hours to obtain the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure.

[0074] During the experiment, the ambient temperature and humidity were controlled, an electrometer was used to test the open-circuit voltage signal of the generator, and the exciter frequency and displacement were controlled to perform an extrusion output test on the generator. Taking Example 1 as an example, the exciter frequency was set to 1-7 Hz, the extrusion contact force was 10N, and different open-circuit voltages were obtained: 33.4V, 40.9V, 44.25V, 49.2V, 51.9V, 52.8V, and 55.9V.

[0075] By processing the test result data, a graph is drawn showing the change of open circuit voltage with the extrusion frequency from small to large, such as Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, under the conditions of ambient temperature of 25℃, humidity of 30% and contact force of 10N, the open circuit voltage increases with the increase of extrusion frequency.

[0076] This experiment controlled the ambient temperature and humidity (temperature was 25°C, humidity was 30%), used a signal generator and a power amplifier to control the exciter to provide an excitation source for the experiment, and used an electrometer to test the voltage signal of the generator in the open circuit state. The experiment conducted an extrusion output test on the generator by adjusting the exciter frequency (1~7Hz) and maintaining a constant extrusion contact force (10N). The test results show that with the increase of the exciter frequency, the open circuit voltage of the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure shows an upward trend.

[0077] The relationship between the open circuit voltage and the extrusion frequency is obtained: in the frequency range of 1~7Hz, the open circuit voltage gradually increases from 33.4V to 55.9V. This shows that while keeping other conditions unchanged, increasing the frequency of the exciter can significantly increase the open circuit voltage of the generator.

[0078] The experiment was conducted under constant ambient temperature and humidity conditions (temperature 25°C, humidity 30%), which helps to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the test results. The extrusion contact force was kept constant at 10N during the experiment, which helps to analyze the effect of frequency on the open circuit voltage separately.

[0079] Therefore, the experimental results show that increasing the frequency of the oscillator can significantly increase the open circuit voltage of the generator. This is because the increase in frequency increases the number of contact and separation times of the two materials, accelerates charge accumulation, and reduces charge loss, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency. By controlling the ambient temperature and humidity, the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results can be ensured. This helps to better understand the performance of the generator under different conditions. This experiment successfully tested the open circuit voltage of the generator under different conditions by controlling the ambient temperature and humidity and the oscillator frequency. The experimental results show that increasing the frequency of the oscillator can significantly increase the open circuit voltage of the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure, which provides theoretical support for the inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on the body-centered cubic lattice structure prepared by the present invention can be applied in different fields.

[0080] The preferred embodiments in this specification are only to further explain the present invention, and the above content cannot be considered that the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several changes and substitutions made without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, characterized in that: The steps include: A tubular body-centered cubic structure of a soluble material is provided as a sacrificial layer mold, and the internal pipes of the sacrificial layer mold are interconnected; Filling the inner pipe of the pipe sacrificial layer mold with a first friction material that is elastic and conductive as a conductive layer and a friction layer, and after the inner material is solidified, immersing the pipe sacrificial layer mold in a second friction material that is elastic and solidifies; The cured sacrificial layer mold is placed in an organic solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer, thereby obtaining an internal filling model with a gap composed of two elastic friction materials. The internal filling model is a first friction material with a three-dimensional cross structure nested inside the second friction material.

2. According to claim 1, a method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, characterized in that: The provision of the tubular body-centered cubic structure of the soluble material as the sacrificial layer mold is achieved by establishing a tubular body-centered cubic lattice structure model, slicing it, and printing it with a 3D printer to obtain the sacrificial layer mold.

3. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sacrificial layer mold is a body-centered cubic lattice structure, with eight vertices connected to the body center; two openings are reserved on the upper end surface of the sacrificial layer mold as outlets, and a opening is reserved in the center of the lower end surface as an injection port, and the injection port is connected to both outlets.

4. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soluble material is polyvinyl alcohol.

5. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first friction material is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) added with conductive filler MVCNTs.

6. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the first friction material comprises the following steps: Add MVCNTs to PDMS glue A and mix them evenly to obtain a mixture B0; PDMS glue B was added to mixture B0 to obtain a first friction material.

7. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of glue A and glue B is (10~20):

1.

8. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: After adding MVCNTs to the PDMS A glue and mixing evenly, it also includes: Chloroform is then added and ultrasonic dispersion is performed. The chloroform in the dispersed solution is volatilized by heating, and a uniformly dispersed mixture B0 is obtained after volatilization.

9. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of PDMS to MVCNTs is 100:(1~7); the ultrasonic time is 2h~3h.

10. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of PDMS to chloroform is 1:(20~30).

11. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Filling the inner pipe of the pipe sacrificial layer mold with a first friction material having elasticity and conductivity as a conductive layer and a friction layer, including: The first friction material is injected into the sacrificial layer mold through a syringe, a copper wire is inserted into the sacrificial layer mold and fixed inside the filling material, and the product B1 is solidified after heating to form a conductive layer and a friction layer; When the sacrificial layer mold is filled by a syringe, an air pump with constant pressure is selected for injection. The sacrificial layer mold is injected from the lower end surface opening during filling. When the first friction material flows out from the upper end surface opening, it is filled.

12. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The heating temperature is 90~120℃; the curing time is 1h~3h.

13. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the second friction material comprises: The second friction material is Ecoflex. Take the A glue and B glue of Ecoflex, mix the A glue and the B glue, and defoam them to obtain a mixture B2.

14. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The mass ratio of glue A and glue B is 1:1; the vacuum defoaming time is 0~10min.

15. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the internal material is solidified, the pipeline sacrificial layer mold is immersed in the elastic second friction material and solidified, including: The pipeline sacrificial layer mold is immersed in the second friction material, and heated and cured after being completely immersed.

16. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 15, characterized in that: The curing temperature is 40~80℃ and the time is 2~5h.

17. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: placing the cured sacrificial layer mold into an organic solvent to dissolve the sacrificial layer, further comprising: Repeated squeezing by a stepper motor speeds up the dissolution process; After the sacrificial layer is completely dissolved, it is heated and dried.

18. The method for preparing an inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature during drying is 90℃~110℃, and the drying time is 11~13h.

19. An inner and outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure, characterized in that: Prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. An inner-outer nested friction nanogenerator based on a body-centered cubic lattice structure prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: Application in the preparation of flexible and wearable electronic products.

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