Laser-electric arc hybrid welding method and device for U-shaped rib of steel bridge deck slab

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel bridge deck slab U rib laser arc hybrid welding method and device, and relates to the technical field of welding equipment.The device comprises a device body, positioning mechanisms and a smoke discharging mechanism, the device body is placed at the top of a rib plate, a steel plate is arranged at the bottom of the rib plate, and the positioning mechanisms are arranged at the two ends of the device body; the welding device comprises a device body and a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the device body to the top of a rib plate, a welding mechanism is arranged at the top of the device body and used for welding the two sides of the rib plate and a steel plate, and an exhaust fan is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism. Accurate and stable welding positioning and fixing are achieved, according to the mechanism, the bevel gear system is driven by rotating the rotating disc, then the threaded rod and the connecting block are driven to move, clamping of the rib plate by the limiting wheel is achieved, and according to the design, welding accuracy and reliability are improved, and vibration and displacement in the welding process are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, and in particular to a laser arc hybrid welding method and device for U-ribs of a steel bridge deck. Background Art

[0002] In modern bridge construction, steel bridge decks are widely used due to their high strength, durability and ease of construction. In particular, orthotropic steel bridge decks, due to their structural characteristics, can effectively disperse vehicle loads, reduce the deadweight of bridges, and improve the bearing capacity and service life of bridges. However, during the manufacturing process of orthotropic steel bridge decks, the welding quality between U-ribs and decks is directly related to the safety and durability of bridges. Therefore, the development of U-rib welding technology is crucial to improving the overall performance of steel bridge decks; but the existing welding methods still have the following disadvantages:

[0003] Traditional welding methods often ignore environmental factors while improving welding efficiency. The smoke and spatter generated during welding have an impact on the environment and the health of operators, and the interference of smoke on the laser beam will affect the welding effect.

[0004] Traditional fixing methods often require physical contact, which may damage the welding surface. In addition, the fixing method is not flexible enough to achieve a fast and repeatable fixing solution. In addition, the friction and vibration of the welding device during movement will affect the welding quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding method and device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology that the interference of smoke on the laser beam will affect the welding effect and the traditional fixing method often requires physical contact and may cause damage to the welding surface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding method and device, including a device body, a positioning mechanism and a smoke exhaust mechanism, the device body is placed on the top of the rib plate, a steel plate is arranged at the bottom of the rib plate, positioning mechanisms are arranged at both ends of the device body, the positioning mechanism is used to fix the device body on the top of the rib plate, a welding mechanism is arranged at the top of the device body, the welding mechanism is used to weld the two sides of the rib plate with the steel plate, an exhaust fan is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism, the exhaust fan is connected to the inside of the device body, the middle area inside the device body is a hollow structure, and the inside of the hollow structure is connected to the smoke exhaust mechanism, two smoke exhaust mechanisms are arranged, and the two smoke exhaust mechanisms are respectively installed on both sides of the device body, a hole groove is opened at the bottom of one end of the device body, and a roller is arranged inside the hole groove, three rollers are arranged, and the rollers are sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the device body, one end of the transmission shaft is sleeved on the outside of the output end of the drive motor, the drive motor is installed on the outside of one side of the device body, and the surface of the roller contacts the top of the rib plate.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a turntable, two of which are provided, the two turntables are located at the top of both ends of the device main body, and a first bevel gear is mounted on one end of the bottom of the turntable, the top of the first bevel gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device main body, and the first bevel gear is meshingly connected to the second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is mounted on the outside of the first threaded rod, the two ends of the first threaded rod are threadedly connected to the inside of the connecting block, a limiting wheel is installed on one side of the connecting block by a screw, the limiting wheels are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rib plate along the rib plate, and the surface of the limiting wheel is tightly fitted to both sides of the rib plate, this design achieves stable clamping of the rib plate through a precise gear transmission system, improves the positioning accuracy and stability during welding, reduces welding deviations caused by improper manual operation, and thus improves welding quality and efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, two first threaded rods are provided, and the threads at both ends of the two first threaded rods are in opposite directions. A limiting rod is provided on one side of the first threaded rod, and a protruding structure is provided on the end of the limiting rod. The outer wall of the limiting rod is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the connecting block. The limiting rod and the first threaded rod are arranged parallel to each other. Through the two first threaded rods with opposite thread directions, uniform clamping of both sides of the rib plate is achieved, avoiding welding deformation caused by uneven clamping force. At the same time, the design of the limiting rod ensures the precise positioning of the clamping mechanism, further improving the stability and reliability of welding.

[0009] Preferably, the smoke exhaust mechanism includes a deflector, and two deflectors are provided. The interior of the two deflectors is a hollow structure, one end of the top of the deflector is connected to one end of a connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the internal cavity of the device body. The surface of the deflector close to the welding mechanism is provided with strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes are arranged in a straight line with equal spacing. This smoke exhaust mechanism design can effectively remove the smoke generated during the welding process, avoid the interference of the smoke on the laser beam, and ensure the welding effect.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting tube is made of rubber, and the outer wall of the connecting tube is corrugated for expansion and contraction. One end of the connecting tube is glued to the air deflector, and a nut is welded to the outside of the air deflector. The inside of the nut is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod, and the second threaded rod passes through the interior of the air deflector, and a steel ball is embedded in one end of the second threaded rod. The rubber connecting tube has good elasticity and can adapt to smoke exhaust requirements of different lengths. The corrugated outer wall increases the strength and durability of the connecting tube. At the same time, the threaded connection design provides support for the connecting tube and limits the distance between the air deflector and the rib plate, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the smoke exhaust mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the welding mechanism includes a base, a first connecting arm is welded on the top of the base, both ends of the first connecting arm are rotatably connected to one end of the second connecting arm, and a laser welding head is installed on one end of the second connecting arm. The design of the welding mechanism allows the laser welding head to perform precise angle adjustment and alignment, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality. At the same time, the symmetrical distribution design ensures balance and stability during the welding process.

[0012] Preferably, two laser welding heads are provided, and the two laser welding heads are symmetrically distributed along the center point of the base. The second connecting arm is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the first connecting arm. The design of the welding mechanism allows the laser welding head to perform precise angle adjustment and alignment, thereby improving welding efficiency and quality. At the same time, the symmetrical distribution design ensures balance and stability during the welding process.

[0013] Preferably, two electromagnets are welded and fixedly installed on the bottom of the device body, and a ball is arranged between the two electromagnets. There are six ball bearings, which are embedded in the bottom of the device body, and the ball bearings are in sliding contact with the inside of the grooves on the bottom surface of the device body. The electromagnet provides a fast and repeatable fixing solution, reducing damage to the rib surface, and the ball bearing design ensures that the device body can move smoothly on the bottom of the rib plate to perform precise welding operations, thereby improving the efficiency of the welding operation and the consistency and reliability of the welding quality.

[0014] Preferably, the method is as follows:

[0015] S01: The rib plate is placed on the steel plate to be welded, and then the device body is placed on the top of the rib plate. The turntables on the top of both ends of the device body are rotated, so that the turntables can drive the first bevel gear to rotate. The first bevel gear can drive the second bevel gear to rotate, and then the second bevel gear can drive the first threaded rod to rotate. The first threaded rod can drive the connecting block to move to both sides of the rib plate, so that the limiting wheels can clamp both sides of the rib plate, so that the device body can be fixed on the top of the rib plate;

[0016] S02: By controlling the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod to extend and retract, the electric telescopic rod can drive the second connecting arm to rotate. When the two second connecting arms rotate, the laser welding head can be driven to adjust the angle, so that the output end of the laser welding head can be aligned with the connection between the rib plate and the steel plate;

[0017] S03: The driving motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft can drive the roller to rotate at the same time, and then the roller can drive the device body to move along the extension direction of the rib plate, and at the same time, it can drive the two laser welding heads to move smoothly in a straight line on both sides of the rib plate. During the movement, the laser welding head can stably and quickly weld the connection between the rib plate and the steel plate;

[0018] S04: When the laser welding head is moving and welding, the fan on the top of the device body will start, which will cause suction in the cavity inside the device body. The smoke generated by laser welding can be quickly sucked into the inside of the deflector through the holes on one side of the deflector, and then enter the inside of the device body through the connecting pipe for discharge, so as to avoid smoke interference with the laser beam and affect the welding effect, until the device body moves to the other end of the rib plate to complete the welding.

[0019] The present invention provides a method and device for U-rib laser arc hybrid welding of steel bridge decks. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) A laser arc hybrid welding method and device for U-ribs of a steel bridge deck. The welding device achieves precise and stable welding positioning and fixation through an innovative fixing and clamping mechanism between the device body and the ribs. This mechanism drives the bevel gear system by rotating the turntable, and then drives the threaded rod and the connecting block to move, so that the limiting wheel can clamp the ribs. This design not only improves the accuracy and reliability of welding, but also reduces vibration and displacement during welding, which is crucial to ensuring welding quality. In addition, the innovation of this mechanism is that it can adapt to different welding scenarios and provide a stable welding platform, which greatly improves the stability and efficiency of welding compared to manual welding.

[0021] (2) A laser arc composite welding method and device for U-ribs of a steel bridge deck. The welding device not only improves the welding efficiency, but also fully considers environmental factors. The design of the electric telescopic rod and the laser welding head realizes the angle adjustment and precise alignment of the welding head, thereby improving the welding efficiency. At the same time, during the movement of the main body of the device, the synergistic effect of the roller and the transmission shaft enables the laser welding head to move smoothly in a straight line, thereby realizing continuous and uniform welding and improving the welding speed and quality. In addition, the start-up of the fan and the design of the air guide cover effectively eliminate the smoke generated during the welding process, thereby avoiding the interference of the smoke on the laser beam.

[0022] (3) A laser arc composite welding method and device for U-ribs of a steel bridge deck. The device is fixed to the bottom of the rib plate by the suction of an electromagnet, achieving the effect of stable fixation without physical contact. By energizing the electromagnet, the strong suction generated by the electromagnet can firmly adsorb the device body to the surface of the rib plate. This non-contact fixing method not only reduces damage to the surface of the rib plate, but also provides a fast and repeatable fixing solution. In addition, the ball design at the bottom of the device ensures that a certain gap is always maintained between the electromagnet and the rib plate. The existence of this gap not only reduces friction, but also allows the device body to move smoothly along the bottom of the rib plate under the drive of the roller to perform precise welding operations. Secondly, the contact point design between the ball and the rib plate surface enables the device body to be flexibly moved at the bottom of the rib plate under the drive of the roller. This moving mechanism not only improves the efficiency of the welding operation, but also allows the welding head to align with the welding point to achieve precise welding. The smooth movement of the roller reduces vibration and deviation during welding, ensuring the consistency and reliability of welding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the welding mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the device of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, 1. device body; 2. rib plate; 3. positioning mechanism; 301. turntable; 302. first bevel gear; 303. second bevel gear; 304. first threaded rod; 305. connecting block; 306. limiting wheel; 307. limiting rod; 4. smoke exhaust mechanism; 401. air deflector; 402. connecting pipe; 403. second threaded rod; 404. nut; 5. steel plate; 6. welding mechanism; 601. base; 602. first connecting arm; 603. electric telescopic rod; 604. second connecting arm; 605. laser welding head; 7. exhaust fan; 8. driving motor; 9. roller; 10. transmission shaft; 11. electromagnet; 12. ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] A U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device for a steel bridge deck comprises a device body 1, a positioning mechanism 3 and a smoke exhaust mechanism 4. The device body 1 is placed on the top of a rib plate 2, a steel plate 5 is arranged at the bottom of the rib plate 2, positioning mechanisms 3 are arranged at both ends of the device body 1, the positioning mechanisms 3 are used to fix the device body 1 on the top of the rib plate 2, a welding mechanism 6 is arranged at the top of the device body 1, the welding mechanism 6 is used to weld between the two sides of the rib plate 2 and the steel plate 5, an exhaust fan 7 is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism 6, the exhaust fan 7 is connected to the inside of the device body 1, and the middle area inside the device body 1 is hollow The structure is provided with two smoke exhaust mechanisms 4, and the two smoke exhaust mechanisms 4 are respectively installed on both sides of the device body 1. A hole groove is opened at the bottom of one end of the device body 1, and a roller 9 is arranged inside the hole groove. There are three rollers 9, and the rollers 9 are set on the outside of the transmission shaft 10. One end of the transmission shaft 10 is rotatably connected with the inside of the device body 1. One end of the transmission shaft 10 is set on the outside of the output end of the driving motor 8. The driving motor 8 is installed on the outside of one side of the device body 1. The surface of the roller 9 contacts the top of the rib plate 2. The positioning mechanism 3 includes a turntable 301 , two turntables 301 are provided, the two turntables 301 are located at the top of both ends of the device body 1, and a first bevel gear 302 is set at one end of the bottom of the turntable 301, the top of the first bevel gear 302 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device body 1, and the first bevel gear 302 is meshed and connected with the second bevel gear 303, the second bevel gear 303 is set on the outside of the first threaded rod 304, the two ends of the first threaded rod 304 are connected to the inner thread of the connecting block 305, and a limiting wheel 306 is installed on one side of the connecting block 305 by screws, and the limiting wheels 306 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rib plate 2 along the rib plate 2 , and the surface of the limiting wheel 306 is closely fitted with both sides of the rib plate 2, two first threaded rods 304 are provided, and the threads at both ends of the two first threaded rods 304 are opposite to each other, and a limiting rod 307 is provided on one side of the first threaded rod 304, and a protruding structure is provided at the end of the limiting rod 307, and the outer wall of the limiting rod 307 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the connecting block 305, and the limiting rod 307 and the first threaded rod 304 are arranged in parallel with each other. The welding device realizes accurate and stable welding positioning and fixing through the innovative fixing and clamping mechanism between the device body 1 and the rib plate 2. This mechanism drives the bevel gear system by rotating the turntable 301, and then drives the threaded rod and the connecting block 305 to move, so as to realize the clamping of the limiting wheel 306 to the rib plate 2. This design not only improves the accuracy and reliability of welding, but also reduces the vibration and displacement during the welding process, which is very important for ensuring the welding quality. In addition, the innovation of this mechanism is that it can adapt to different welding scenes, provide a stable welding platform, and greatly improve the welding stability and welding efficiency compared with manual welding.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] A U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device for a steel bridge deck, the smoke exhaust mechanism 4 includes a guide cover 401, two guide covers 401 are provided, the inside of the two guide covers 401 is a hollow structure, one end of the top of the guide cover 401 is connected to one end of a connecting pipe 402, and the other end of the connecting pipe 402 is connected to the internal cavity of the device body 1, and the surface of the guide cover 401 close to the welding mechanism 6 is provided with strip-shaped holes and grooves, and the strip-shaped holes and grooves are arranged in a straight line with equal spacing, and the connecting pipe 402 is made of rubber. The outer wall of the connecting pipe 402 is corrugated for expansion and contraction. One end of the connecting pipe 402 is glued to the deflector 401. A nut 404 is welded to the outside of the deflector 401. The inside of the nut 404 is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod 403. The second threaded rod 403 runs through the inside of the deflector 401, and a steel ball is embedded at one end of the second threaded rod 403. The welding mechanism 6 includes a base 601. A first connecting arm 602 is welded on the top of the base 601. Both ends of the first connecting arm 602 are connected to the second connecting rod 403. One end of the arm 604 is rotatably connected, and one end of the second connecting arm 604 is equipped with a laser welding head 605. There are two laser welding heads 605, which are symmetrically distributed along the center point of the base 601. The inside of the second connecting arm 604 is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 603, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod 603 is rotatably connected to the inside of the first connecting arm 602. While improving the welding efficiency, the welding device also fully considers environmental protection factors. Through the design of the electric telescopic rod 603 and the laser welding head 605, the angle adjustment and precise alignment of the welding head are realized, and the welding efficiency is improved. At the same time, during the movement of the device body 1, the synergistic effect of the roller 9 and the transmission shaft 10 enables the laser welding head 605 to move smoothly in a straight line, realizing continuous and uniform welding, and improving the welding speed and quality. In addition, the start-up of the fan and the design of the air guide cover 401 effectively eliminate the smoke generated during the welding process and avoid the interference of the smoke on the laser beam.

[0038] Embodiment 3:

[0039] A U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device for a steel bridge deck has two electromagnets 11 fixedly installed at the bottom of the device body 1, a ball 12 is arranged between the two electromagnets 11, six balls 12 are arranged, and the six balls 12 are embedded in the bottom of the device body 1, and the balls 12 are in sliding contact with the inside of the groove on the bottom surface of the device body 1. The device is fixed to the bottom of the rib plate 2 by the suction force of the electromagnet 11, achieving the effect of stable fixing without physical contact. By energizing the electromagnet 11, the strong suction force generated by the electromagnet 11 can firmly adsorb the device body 1 to the surface of the rib plate 2. This non-contact fixing method not only reduces It also provides a fast and repeatable fixing solution for damage to the surface of the rib plate 2. In addition, the ball 12 design at the bottom of the device ensures that a certain gap is always maintained between the electromagnet 11 and the rib plate 2. The existence of this gap not only reduces friction, but also allows the device body 1 to move smoothly along the bottom of the rib plate 2 driven by the roller 9 to perform precise welding operations. Secondly, the contact point design between the ball 12 and the surface of the rib plate 2 enables the device body 1 to move flexibly at the bottom of the rib plate 2 driven by the roller 9. This moving mechanism not only improves the efficiency of the welding operation, but also allows the welding head to align with the welding point to achieve precise welding.

[0040] Embodiment 4:

[0041] A laser arc hybrid welding method for U-rib of a steel bridge deck, the method is as follows:

[0042] S01: The rib plate 2 is placed on the steel plate 5 to be welded, and then the device body 1 is placed on the top of the rib plate 2. The turntables 301 on the tops of both ends of the device body 1 are rotated, so that the turntables 301 can drive the first bevel gear 302 to rotate. The first bevel gear 302 can drive the second bevel gear 303 to rotate while rotating, so that the second bevel gear 303 can drive the first threaded rod 304 to rotate. The first threaded rod 304 can drive the connecting block 305 to move to both sides of the rib plate 2 while rotating, so that the limiting wheels 306 can clamp both sides of the rib plate 2, so that the device body 1 can be fixed on the top of the rib plate 2;

[0043] S02: By controlling the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 603 to extend and retract, the electric telescopic rod 603 can drive the second connecting arm 604 to rotate. When the two second connecting arms 604 rotate, the laser welding head 605 can be driven to adjust the angle, so that the output end of the laser welding head 605 can be aligned with the connection between the rib plate 2 and the steel plate 5;

[0044] S03: The transmission shaft 10 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 8. The transmission shaft 10 can drive the roller 9 to rotate while rotating, and then the device body 1 can be driven by the roller 9 to move along the extension direction of the rib plate 2, and at the same time, the two laser welding heads 605 can be driven to move smoothly in a straight line on both sides of the rib plate 2. During the movement, the laser welding heads 605 can stably and quickly weld the connection between the rib plate 2 and the steel plate 5;

[0045] S04: During the mobile welding process of the laser welding head 605, the fan on the top of the device body 1 will start, so that the cavity inside the device body 1 will generate suction, and the smoke generated by the laser welding can be quickly sucked into the inside of the deflector 401 through the holes and grooves on one side of the deflector 401, and then enter the inside of the device body 1 through the connecting pipe 402, and then be discharged, so as to avoid the smoke interfering with the laser beam and affecting the welding effect, until the device body 1 moves to the other end of the rib 2 to complete the welding.

[0046] The U-rib laser arc hybrid welding method of the steel bridge deck achieves precise control and efficiency improvement of the welding process through a series of innovative steps, while taking into account environmental protection and operational safety. First, the rotation of the threaded rod is precisely controlled by the turntable 301 and the bevel gear system to achieve stable clamping of the rib plate 2, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of welding. Secondly, the design of the electric telescopic rod 603 and the laser welding head 605 enables the welding head to be accurately adjusted and aligned at an angle, thereby ensuring the welding quality. In addition, the synergistic effect of the drive motor 8 and the transmission shaft 10 enables the laser welding head 605 to move smoothly in a straight line, thereby achieving continuous and uniform welding and improving the welding speed. At the same time, the design of the fan and the air deflector 401 effectively removes welding fumes, avoids interference with the laser beam, ensures the welding effect, and reduces the impact on the operator and the environment. Finally, the arrangement of the electromagnet 11 and the ball 12 enables the device body 1 to be quickly and stably fixed on the rib plate 2, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the equipment. Overall, this method improves the efficiency and quality of welding operations through precise mechanical control and innovative environmentally friendly design, while ensuring the safety and environmental protection of operations, reflecting the advancement and practicality of this welding technology.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a device body (1), a positioning mechanism (3) and a smoke exhaust mechanism (4), wherein the device body (1) is placed on the top of a rib plate (2), a steel plate (5) is arranged at the bottom of the rib plate (2), positioning mechanisms (3) are arranged at both ends of the device body (1), the positioning mechanisms (3) are used to fix the device body (1) on the top of the rib plate (2), a welding mechanism (6) is arranged at the top of the device body (1), the welding mechanism (6) is used to weld the two sides of the rib plate (2) and the steel plate (5), an exhaust fan (7) is arranged on one side of the welding mechanism (6), the exhaust fan (7) is connected to the inside of the device body (1), and the middle area inside the device body (1) is centrally The hollow structure is connected to a smoke exhaust mechanism (4) in the hollow structure. Two smoke exhaust mechanisms (4) are provided. The two smoke exhaust mechanisms (4) are respectively installed on both sides of the device body (1). A hole groove is opened at the bottom of one end of the device body (1), and a roller (9) is arranged inside the hole groove. Three rollers (9) are provided, and the rollers (9) are mounted on the outside of a transmission shaft (10). One end of the transmission shaft (10) is rotatably connected to the inside of the device body (1). One end of the transmission shaft (10) is mounted on the outside of the output end of a driving motor (8). The driving motor (8) is installed on the outside of one side of the device body (1). The surface of the roller (9) contacts the top of the rib plate (2).

2. According to claim 1, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (3) comprises a rotating disk (301), wherein two rotating disks (301) are provided, the two rotating disks (301) are located at the top of both ends of the device body (1), and a first bevel gear (302) is mounted on one end of the bottom of the rotating disk (301), the top of the first bevel gear (302) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device body (1), and the first bevel gear (302) is meshingly connected to the second bevel gear (303), the second bevel gear (303) is mounted on the outside of the first threaded rod (304), the two ends of the first threaded rod (304) are threadedly connected to the inside of the connecting block (305), and a limiting wheel (306) is installed on one side of the connecting block (305) by means of screws, and the limiting wheels (306) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rib plate (2) along the rib plate (2), and the surface of the limiting wheel (306) is tightly fitted to both sides of the rib plate (2).

3. According to claim 2, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized in that: Two first threaded rods (304) are provided, and the threads at both ends of the two first threaded rods (304) are oriented in opposite directions. A limiting rod (307) is provided on one side of the first threaded rod (304), and a protruding structure is provided at the end of the limiting rod (307). The outer wall of the limiting rod (307) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the connecting block (305), and the limiting rod (307) and the first threaded rod (304) are arranged in parallel with each other.

4. According to claim 1, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized in that: The smoke exhaust mechanism (4) comprises a flow deflector (401), two of which are provided, the interior of the two flow deflectors (401) being of a hollow structure, one end of the top of the flow deflector (401) being connected to one end of a connecting pipe (402), the other end of the connecting pipe (402) being connected to an internal cavity of the device body (1), and a strip-shaped hole groove is provided on the surface of the flow deflector (401) on one side close to the welding mechanism (6), and the strip-shaped hole groove is arranged in a straight line with equal spacing.

5. According to claim 4, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized in that: The connecting pipe (402) is made of rubber. The outer wall of the connecting pipe (402) is corrugated for expansion and contraction. One end of the connecting pipe (402) is glued to the air deflector (401). A nut (404) is welded to the outside of the air deflector (401). The inside of the nut (404) is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod (403). The second threaded rod (403) passes through the inside of the air deflector (401), and a steel ball is embedded at one end of the second threaded rod (403).

6. According to claim 1, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized by: The welding mechanism (6) comprises a base (601), a first connecting arm (602) is welded to the top of the base (601), two ends of the first connecting arm (602) are rotatably connected to one end of a second connecting arm (604), and a laser welding head (605) is installed at one end of the second connecting arm (604).

7. According to claim 6, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized by: Two laser welding heads (605) are provided, and the two laser welding heads (605) are symmetrically distributed along the center point of the base (601); the interior of the second connecting arm (604) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (603), and the other end of the electric telescopic rod (603) is rotatably connected to the interior of the first connecting arm (602).

8. According to claim 1, a steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding device is characterized by: Two electromagnets (11) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the device body (1), and a ball (12) is arranged between the two electromagnets (11). Six balls (12) are arranged, and the six balls (12) are embedded in the bottom of the device body (1), and the balls (12) are in sliding contact with the inside of a groove on the bottom surface of the device body (1).

9. A steel bridge deck U-rib laser arc hybrid welding method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The method is as follows: S01: The rib plate (2) is placed on the steel plate (5) to be welded, and then the device body (1) is placed on the top of the rib plate (2). The turntables (301) at the tops of both ends of the device body (1) are rotated, so that the turntables (301) can drive the first bevel gear (302) to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear (302) can drive the second bevel gear (303) to rotate, so that the second bevel gear (303) can drive the first threaded rod (304) to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod (304) can drive the connecting block (305) to move toward both sides of the rib plate (2), so that the limiting wheels (306) can clamp both sides of the rib plate (2), so that the device body (1) can be fixed on the top of the rib plate (2); S02: The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (603) is controlled to extend and retract, so that the electric telescopic rod (603) can drive the second connecting arm (604) to rotate. When the two second connecting arms (604) rotate, the laser welding head (605) can be driven to adjust the angle, so that the output end of the laser welding head (605) can be aligned with the connection between the rib plate (2) and the steel plate (5); S03: The driving motor (8) drives the transmission shaft (10) to rotate, and the transmission shaft (10) can drive the roller (9) to rotate at the same time, and then the roller (9) can drive the device body (1) to move along the extension direction of the rib plate (2), and at the same time drive the two laser welding heads (605) to move smoothly in a straight line on both sides of the rib plate (2). During the movement, the laser welding heads (605) can stably and quickly weld the connection between the rib plate (2) and the steel plate (5); S04: During the process of moving the laser welding head (605) for welding, the fan on the top of the device body (1) will start, thereby generating suction in the cavity inside the device body (1), so that the smoke generated by the laser welding can be quickly sucked into the inside of the guide cover (401) through the holes and grooves on one side of the guide cover (401), and then enter the inside of the device body (1) through the connecting pipe (402) for discharge, thereby preventing the smoke from interfering with the laser beam and affecting the welding effect, until the device body (1) moves to the other end of the rib plate (2) to complete the welding.

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