High-performance polyester staple fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of new textile materials, the high-performance polyester staple fiber prepared by the preparation method can reduce the main back pressure of a crimping machine by 1kg, reduce the wear of the roller surface of the crimping machine and prolong the service life of the crimping machine; the drafting tension coefficient is reduced, the operation load of a primary drafting machine is reduced, the power of the equipment can be reduced, and the power consumption cost is saved; the opening degree of a fan of the relaxation heat-setting machine is reduced, and the power consumption cost is saved; friction damage to tows is less, spike filaments are obviously reduced compared with other products, and flock and dust on a production workshop site are obviously reduced compared with other products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of new textile materials, in particular to a high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyester staple fiber is an important textile raw material with the advantages of high strength, good wear resistance, and strong chemical corrosion resistance. It has been widely used in clothing, home textiles, industrial fabrics and other fields. However, in the current production process of polyester staple fiber, there are still problems such as severe wear on equipment, high production costs, and tow damage. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-performance polyester staple fiber and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

[0005] (1) 5.1 dtex raw silk 8.49 million dtex primary fiber is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.28%, so that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0006] (2) adding a preheating system before the water bath, preheating the tow with a 72°C oil, and stretching the preheated fiber in a 72°C water bath;

[0007] (3) The tow is stretched twice by 10KG steam at about 200℃;

[0008] (4) subjecting the stretched fiber to tensile heat setting at a temperature of 210° C. for 2 minutes;

[0009] (5) The tow after tense heat setting is sprayed with oil by atomization, and the oil concentration is 1.3%, and then cooled to form an oil film layer of a certain thickness uniformly attached to the surface of the tow;

[0010] (6) The heat-set fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation, and is crimped, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0011] (7) humidifying the relaxed, heat-set and dried fibers through an air humidification system;

[0012] (8) Cutting the moistened fibers to obtain high-performance polyester staple fibers.

[0013] Preferably, the oil agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether bonding agent = 3 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 40% potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate, 60% water, and the components of the ether bonding agent are as follows: 55% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 5% water.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. It can reduce the main back pressure of the crimping machine by 1kg, reduce the wear of the roller surface of the crimping machine, and extend the service life of the crimping machine;

[0016] 2. Reduce the drafting tension coefficient, reduce the operating load of the primary drafting machine, and can reduce the power of the equipment and save electricity costs;

[0017] 3. Reduce the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine to save electricity costs;

[0018] 4. The yarn bundles are less damaged by friction, the peak yarn is significantly reduced compared with other products, and the short fibers and dust in the production workshop are significantly reduced compared with other products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described below.

[0020] Embodiment 1:

[0021] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0022] (1) 5.1 dtex raw silk 8.49 million dtex primary fiber is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.28%, so that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0023] (2) adding a preheating system before the water bath, preheating the tow with a 72°C oil, and stretching the preheated fiber in a 72°C water bath;

[0024] (3) The tow is stretched twice by 10KG steam at about 200℃;

[0025] (4) subjecting the stretched fiber to tensile heat setting at a temperature of 210° C. for 2 minutes;

[0026] (5) The tow after tense heat setting is sprayed with oil by atomization, and the oil concentration is 1.30%, and then cooled to form an oil film layer of a certain thickness uniformly attached to the surface of the tow;

[0027] (6) The heat-set fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation, and is crimped, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0028] (7) humidifying the relaxed, heat-set and dried fibers through an air humidification system;

[0029] (8) Cutting the moistened fibers to obtain high-performance polyester staple fibers.

[0030] The oil agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether bonding agent = 3 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 40% fatty alcohol potassium phosphate salt, 60% water, and the fatty alcohol potassium phosphate salt and water are mixed evenly before use. The components of the ether bonding agent are as follows: 55% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% water, and the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0031] Embodiment 2:

[0032] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) 5.1 dtex raw silk and 7.64 million dtex primary fibers are impregnated with an oil agent having a concentration of 0.26%, so that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0034] (2) adding a preheating system before the water bath, preheating the tow with a 68°C oil, and stretching the preheated fiber in a 68°C water bath;

[0035] (3) The tow is stretched twice by 10KG steam at about 180°C;

[0036] (4) subjecting the stretched fiber to tensile heat setting at a temperature of 190° C. for 2 minutes;

[0037] (5) The tow after tense heat setting is sprayed with oil by atomization, the concentration of the oil is 1.20%, cooled, and a certain thickness of oil film is formed to be uniformly attached to the surface of the tow;

[0038] (6) The heat-set fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation, and is crimped, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0039] (7) humidifying the relaxed, heat-set and dried fibers through an air humidification system;

[0040] (8) Cutting the moistened fibers to obtain high-performance polyester staple fibers.

[0041] The oil agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether bonding agent = 4 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are in the following proportions: 30% potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate ester and 70% water, and the potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate ester and water are mixed evenly before use; the components of the ether bonding agent are in the following proportions: 45% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 45% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 10% water, and the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0042] Embodiment three:

[0043] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0044] (1) 5.1 dtex raw silk 8.06 million dtex primary fiber is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.27% to allow the yarn tow to be fully impregnated with oil;

[0045] (2) adding a preheating system before the water bath, preheating the tow with a 70°C oil, and stretching the preheated fiber in a 70°C water bath;

[0046] (3) The tow is stretched twice by 10 kg steam at about 190°C;

[0047] (4) subjecting the stretched fiber to tensile heat setting at a temperature of 195° C. for 2 minutes;

[0048] (5) The tow after tense heat setting is sprayed with oil by atomization, and the oil concentration is 1.25%, and then cooled to form an oil film layer of a certain thickness uniformly attached to the surface of the tow;

[0049] (6) The heat-set fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation, and is crimped, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0050] (7) humidifying the relaxed, heat-set and dried fibers through an air humidification system;

[0051] (8) Cutting the moistened fibers to obtain high-performance polyester staple fibers.

[0052] The oil agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether bonding agent = 2 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are in the following proportions: 35% potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate ester and 65% water, and the potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate ester and water are mixed evenly before use; the components of the ether bonding agent are in the following proportions: 50% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 10% water, and the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0053] Embodiment 4:

[0054] A high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) 5.1 dtex raw silk 8.91 million dtex primary fiber is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.30%, so that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled;

[0056] (2) adding a preheating system before the water bath, preheating the tow with a 73°C oil, and stretching the preheated fiber in a 73°C water bath;

[0057] (3) The tow is stretched twice by 10 kg steam at about 220°C;

[0058] (4) subjecting the stretched fiber to tensile heat setting at a temperature of 200° C. for 2 minutes;

[0059] (5) The tow after tense heat setting is sprayed with oil by atomization, and the oil concentration is 1.40%, and then cooled to form an oil film layer of a certain thickness uniformly attached to the surface of the tow;

[0060] (6) The heat-set fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation, and is crimped, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine;

[0061] (7) humidifying the relaxed, heat-set and dried fibers through an air humidification system;

[0062] (8) Cutting the moistened fibers to obtain high-performance polyester staple fibers.

[0063] The oil agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether bonding agent = 3 / 2, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are in the following proportions: 45% potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate ester and 55% water, and the potassium salt of fatty alcohol phosphate ester and water are mixed evenly before use; the components of the ether bonding agent are in the following proportions: 60% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 35% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 5% water, and the fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water are mixed evenly before use.

[0064] In the process of preparing short fibers, equipment such as crimping machines, primary drafting machines, and relaxation heat setting machines are required. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor and record the main back pressure of the crimping machine, the drafting tension coefficient of the primary drafting machine, the power used by the primary drafting machine, the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine, the short fiber observation in the workshop, and the moisture regain. At the same time, it is necessary to compare the moisture regain of cotton products on the market. The relevant experimental data results are shown below:

[0065] Embodiment 1 Embodiment: Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 Benchmark Example Main back pressure reduction 1KG 0.4KG 0.8KG 1.5KG 0 Draft tension coefficient 0.940 0.995 0.970 0.968 0.990 Drafting machine power 3.5KW 3.9KW 3.7KW 4.2KW 4KW Fan opening 37％ 42％ 40％ 50％ 43％ Short-hair observation in workshop 0.1025 g / day 0.4139 g / day 0.3516 g / day 0.2937 g / day 0.3652 g / day Resurgence 0.50％-0.60％ 0.48％-0.53％ 0.40％-0.45％ 0.38％-0.42％ 0.40％-0.47％

[0066] The difference between the reference example and the first embodiment is only the difference in the oil agent, and the other steps and conditions in the production are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0067] According to the contents of the above table, it can be seen that the comprehensive effect of the first embodiment is the best. Compared with the reference example, the main back pressure of the crimping machine can be reduced by 1kg, thereby reducing the wear of the roller surface of the crimping machine and extending the service life of the crimping machine; at the same time, the drafting tension coefficient is reduced from 0.990 to 0.940, reducing the operating load of the primary drafting machine, and reducing the power of the equipment from 4KW to 3.5KW, saving electricity consumption costs; the fan opening of the relaxation heat setting machine is adjusted from 43% to 3 7%, saving electricity cost; at the same time, the yarn bundle is less damaged by friction, the peak yarn is significantly reduced compared with other products, and the short fluff and dust on the production workshop are significantly reduced compared with other products. The daily observation in the workshop is reduced from 0.3652g / day to 0.1025g / day; under the same oiling condition, the oil agent can achieve a high regain between 0.50%-0.60%, and other oil-based high-strength cotton products can only meet the production requirements of downstream customers when it reaches the range of 0.40%-0.47%, and the production cost can be saved by 7-9 yuan / ton.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A high-performance polyester staple fiber and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) 5.1 dtex raw silk 8.49 million dtex primary fiber is impregnated with an oil agent with a concentration of 0.28%, so that the yarn bundle is fully impregnated and oiled; (2) adding a preheating system before the water bath, preheating the tow with a 72°C oil, and stretching the preheated fiber in a 72°C water bath; (3) The tow is stretched twice by 10KG steam at about 200℃; (4) subjecting the stretched fiber to tensile heat setting at a temperature of 210° C. for 2 minutes; (5) The tow after tense heat setting is sprayed with oil by atomization, and the oil concentration is 1.3%, and then cooled to form an oil film layer of a certain thickness uniformly attached to the surface of the tow; (6) The heat-set fiber is subjected to secondary impregnation, and is crimped, relaxed, heat-set, and dried by a crimping machine; (7) humidifying the relaxed, heat-set and dried fibers through an air humidification system; (8) Cutting the moistened fibers to obtain high-performance polyester staple fibers.

2. The high-performance polyester staple fiber and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: potassium salt dispersant / ether bonding agent = 3 / 1, wherein the components of the potassium salt dispersant are as follows: 40% fatty alcohol phosphate potassium salt, 60% water, and the components of the ether bonding agent are as follows: 55% fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, 40% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 5% water.