Electric core level fire extinguishing system and method for energy storage cabinet

Abstract

According to the energy storage cabinet electric core level fire extinguishing system and method, the structure is simple, the fire source is accurately aligned, the fire extinguishing agent spraying time is more accurate, and the continuous fire extinguishing time is longer. The system comprises a fire extinguishing medium storage device, a fire detection tube, a composite detector, a trigger and a controller, wherein the controller is in communication connection with a system background; the fire-fighting method of the system comprises the following steps: a, when a combustion factor is detected, the controller controls the system to stop; b, the composite detector drives a trigger to trigger a fire extinguishing medium storage device to release a fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube; c, giving an alarm and informing the smoke exhaust fan to work; d, when the fire detection tube is softened by high-temperature open fire and exploded by the high-pressure fire extinguishing medium, releasing the fire extinguishing medium to a fire source point of the battery cell; and e, when the fire is not extinguished or the battery core is re-combusted, triggering the glass ball of the spray head to be exploded at high temperature, and injecting fire-fighting water into the energy storage cabinet through the fire-fighting pipeline to extinguish the fire. The method is applied to the technical field of new energy and energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy and energy storage technology, and in particular to a cell-level fire protection system and method for an energy storage cabinet. Background Art

[0002] Most existing battery energy storage systems place fire extinguishing devices such as aerosols or perfluorohexanone in battery cabinets or battery packs to extinguish fires when lithium batteries burn.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent application document with publication number CN115487446A records a fire protection energy storage system, including: multiple energy storage devices, a fire detection device, a fire extinguishing agent supply device and a central control device. Among them, each energy storage device has a first storage chamber, the fire detection device is used to detect the current status of each energy storage device, the fire extinguishing agent supply device is connected to the first storage chambers of multiple energy storage devices, the central control device is electrically connected to the fire detection device and the fire extinguishing agent supply device, and the central control device is used to control the fire extinguishing agent supply device to deliver the fire extinguishing agent to the first storage chamber corresponding to each energy storage device in the multiple energy storage devices when the fire detection device detects that the current status of all energy storage devices is safe. The fire protection energy storage system of the present application can provide real-time protection for the energy storage device and reduce the risk of fire in the energy storage device.

[0004] Another example is the Chinese patent application document with publication number CN116435629A, which records an energy storage system and a fire fighting method for the energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes: a storage component for storing battery cells; a fire prevention component, including a plate and a temperature measuring optical fiber arranged on the plate, wherein the plate is arranged opposite to the storage component, and the temperature measuring optical fiber is used to sense the temperature of the battery cell to send a fire fighting signal when the temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold value; wherein the temperature measuring optical fiber is arranged on the side of the plate facing the storage component and extends along a curved path. Through the corresponding arrangement of the fire prevention component and the storage component, the fire point can be accurately found, which facilitates the precise positioning of the fire point; through the use of the temperature measuring optical fiber, the storage system can be more sensitive to the fire, so that the fire fighting measures can be quickly initiated and the fire can be handled; through the bending arrangement of the temperature measuring optical fiber, the temperature measuring optical fiber can obtain more parts facing the storage component, thereby improving the temperature measurement progress and response speed.

[0005] However, existing battery energy storage systems all have problems such as short fire extinguishing medium release time, a large time difference between the fire extinguishing medium release and the ignition time, and the distance between the fire extinguishing medium injection position and the ignition point is too far. These problems will make it difficult to effectively extinguish the fire of lithium batteries that are prone to re-ignition. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a cell-level fire protection system and method for an energy storage cabinet which has a simple structure, can accurately aim at the source of a fire, has more accurate control over the time of spraying a fire extinguishing agent, and can provide a longer continuous fire extinguishing time.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system of the present invention is a energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system, wherein the energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system is arranged in the energy storage cabinet, wherein a plurality of battery containing cavities are arranged in the energy storage cabinet, and battery packs are installed in the plurality of battery containing cavities, and the energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system includes

[0008] A large-capacity fire extinguishing medium storage device that releases the fire extinguishing medium.

[0009] A fire detection tube connected to the fire extinguishing medium storage device and arranged on one side of the battery cell explosion relief valve in each battery pack,

[0010] A composite detector used to detect whether there is a combustion factor in the battery pack in the energy storage cabinet, drive the trigger to work and send an alarm signal to the alarm device.

[0011] A trigger connected to the composite detector and used to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube, and

[0012] A controller connected to the composite detector is used to control the smoke exhaust fan arranged in the energy storage cabinet to exhaust smoke when the composite detector detects the presence of a combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet. The controller is communicatively connected to the system background.

[0013] The fire extinguishing medium storage device is a perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane or carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device.

[0014] The fire detection pipe is a pressure storage temperature sensing self-starting explosion pipe.

[0015] The composite detector is a detector for detecting temperature, smoke, CO, H2 or VOC. When the composite detector detects that the content of any two combustion factors in the energy storage cabinet exceeds the set limit, the trigger is driven to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube.

[0016] The trigger is a holding type relay.

[0017] After the trigger triggers the fire extinguishing medium storage device to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube, pressure is accumulated in the fire detection tube.

[0018] The energy storage cabinet includes a battery compartment for storing battery packs and an electrical compartment located on either side of the battery compartment for arranging electrical equipment. The battery compartment and the electrical compartment are isolated by a partition, the smoke exhaust fan is arranged on the partition, and a zero-pressure explosion relief port is also arranged on the partition. A ventilation port is arranged on the cabinet body of the energy storage cabinet, an exhaust duct is arranged between the smoke exhaust fan and the ventilation port, and the smoke exhaust fan is electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] The energy storage cabinet is also provided with an audible and visual alarm and a fire pipe interface connected to an external fire water pipe, a glass ball sprinkler head is connected to the lower part of the fire pipe interface, and the audible and visual alarm is connected to the composite detector electrical signal.

[0020] The smoke exhaust fan is normally closed controlled, and the glass ball spray head is a large-caliber high-temperature spray head.

[0021] The method for fire fighting in an energy storage cabinet using the above energy storage cabinet cell-level fire fighting system comprises the following steps:

[0022] a. The composite detector detects the combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet at all times. When the combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet is detected to exceed the limit, the controller controls the energy storage system to shut down;

[0023] b. The composite detector drives the trigger to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube, and the fire detection tube stores pressure;

[0024] c. The composite detector triggers the sound and light alarm to sound an alarm, and notifies the controller to start the smoke exhaust fan to exhaust smoke to suppress fire and deflagration. At the same time, the zero-pressure explosion vent releases high-temperature and high-pressure gas and discharges it outside the energy storage cabinet through several vents on the electrical compartment;

[0025] d. When the battery cells in any battery pack in the energy storage cabinet spray open flames outward through the battery cell explosion relief valve, the fire detection tube softens when encountering high temperature open flames and is exploded by the high pressure fire extinguishing medium in the fire detection tube. The fire extinguishing medium stored in the fire detection tube sprays toward the open flame source until the open flame is extinguished;

[0026] e. When the fire is not extinguished or the battery cell reignites, the high temperature triggers the glass ball in the glass ball sprinkler head to explode, and fire water is injected into the energy storage cabinet through the fire pipe connected to the outside of the fire pipe interface until the fire is extinguished.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: in the present invention, the fire detection tube is arranged on one side of the battery cell explosion relief valve in the battery pack. When the battery cell catches fire, the fire detection tube next to the battery cell explosion relief valve will soften when encountering high-temperature open flame and will be exploded by the fire extinguishing medium in the fire detection tube. The fire extinguishing medium will be accurately sprayed toward the fire point to extinguish the fire. According to the characteristics of the lithium iron phosphate battery ignition, the battery will inevitably smoke before catching fire. If the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed at this time, there will be a time difference with the battery cell ignition time, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of the fire extinguishing medium in the battery pack or battery cabinet when the battery cell catches fire, making it difficult to effectively extinguish the fire. When the battery smokes and the combustion factor is detected by the composite detector, the present invention first releases the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube pipeline and stores pressure. Only when the open flame is softened, the fire extinguishing medium will be ignited. Fire detection tube. When the fire detection tube is exploded by the high-pressure fire extinguishing medium, the fire extinguishing medium can be accurately sprayed to the ignition point of the battery cell; because the fire detection tube is relatively thin, and the fire extinguishing device of the device is a large-capacity perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device for the whole cabinet, the fire extinguishing medium can be accurately sprayed to a single ignition point to continuously extinguish the fire. The release time of the fire extinguishing medium is relatively long, which is calculated to be not less than 90s, and the fire extinguishing and cooling can be continuously performed for a long time; after the fire detection tube is filled with the fire extinguishing medium, it has good pressure maintaining ability, which can avoid the high-pressure perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing medium from leaking in advance before the battery catches fire; therefore, the present invention has a simple structure, accurately aims at the source of the fire, the fire extinguishing agent injection time is more accurately controlled, and the continuous fire extinguishing time is longer, which can effectively extinguish the fire source in the energy storage cabinet.

[0028] In addition, the trigger is a holding relay. Once triggered, it will not recover. The fire extinguishing medium will not be unable to continue to spray due to power failure of the relay drive circuit or burnt electronic circuits. The setting of the smoke exhaust fan can effectively reduce the concentration of combustible gases and gas temperature in the energy storage cabinet, and effectively suppress the risk of fire and deflagration. The smoke exhaust fan is set to normally closed control. The controller usually controls the smoke exhaust fan to be normally open and not rotated. When the fire is started, the control is normally closed. When the controller loses power or is damaged, the smoke exhaust fan can continue to run, which improves the reliability of smoke and gas exhaust. The large-area zero-pressure explosion vent avoids the accumulation of high temperature in the energy storage cabinet. High-pressure flammable gas can release a large amount of gas quickly and in time, which can effectively prevent the explosion of the energy storage cabinet from causing harm to people outside the cabinet; the sprinkler head uses a high-temperature sprinkler head, which can prevent the glass ball of the conventional civilian sprinkler head from burning and exploding at too low a temperature, and the fire water from being accidentally injected into the energy storage cabinet. The sprinkler head uses a large diameter. It is calculated that the fire water can fill 60% of the battery cabinet within 8 minutes, which can quickly extinguish the fire in time; the fire protection system is simple and efficient in design, without various complex and high-cost triggering and driving control systems, and without high-cost and low-performance third-party explosion relief mechanisms, it can achieve highly reliable fire control and safety risk prevention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2It is a simplified structural schematic diagram of the system of the present invention from the first perspective;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a simplified structural schematic diagram of the second viewing angle of the system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a simplified structural schematic diagram of the system of the present invention from a third viewing angle;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a simplified structural diagram of the fourth viewing angle of the system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is a simplified electrical connection diagram of the controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figure 2 to Figure 6 As shown, in the present invention, the energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system is arranged in the energy storage cabinet 1, and a plurality of battery containing cavities 2 are arranged in the energy storage cabinet 1, and a battery pack 3 is installed in the plurality of battery containing cavities 2. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system includes

[0036] A large-capacity fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 for releasing the fire extinguishing medium,

[0037] A fire detection tube 5 connected to the fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 and arranged on one side of the battery cell explosion relief valve in each of the battery packs 3,

[0038] A composite detector 6 is used to detect whether there is a combustion factor in the battery pack 3 in the energy storage cabinet 1, and drive the trigger 7 to work and send an alarm signal to the alarm device,

[0039] a trigger 7 connected to the composite detector 6 and used to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube 5, and

[0040] A controller 8 is connected to the composite detector 6 and is used to control the smoke exhaust fan 9 arranged in the energy storage cabinet 1 to exhaust smoke when the composite detector 6 detects the presence of a combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet 1. The controller 8 is communicatively connected to the system background 13.

[0041] In this embodiment, the material of the fire detection tube 5 needs to be selected from materials that are easily softened by open flames, specifically a fire detection tube made of polymer synthetic materials such as nylon and rubber. In addition, the internal aperture of the fire detection tube is relatively small, generally set to 4-8mm, to maintain the pressure inside the fire detection tube.

[0042] More specifically, the fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 is a perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane or carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device. In this embodiment, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device is selected, wherein the trigger 7 is arranged at the trigger position of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device. The fire detection tube 5 is a pressure storage temperature-sensitive self-starting explosion pipe. The composite detector 6 is a detector for detecting combustion factors such as temperature, smoke, CO, H2 or VOC. When the composite detector 6 detects that there are any two combustion factors (two of the temperature, smoke, CO or VOC, or others) in the energy storage cabinet 1, the content exceeds the set limit, the trigger 7 is driven to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube 5. The trigger 7 is a holding type relay. After the trigger 7 triggers the fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube 5, the fire detection tube 5 stores pressure.

[0043] The energy storage cabinet 1 includes a battery compartment 14 for storing battery packs and an electrical compartment 15 for arranging electrical equipment located on either side of the battery compartment 14. The battery compartment 14 and the electrical compartment 15 are isolated by a partition 18. The smoke exhaust fan 9 is arranged on the partition 18. The partition 18 is also provided with a zero-pressure explosion relief vent 10. The cabinet body of the energy storage cabinet 1 is provided with a vent 16. An exhaust duct 17 is arranged between the smoke exhaust fan 9 and the vent 16. The smoke exhaust fan 9 is electrically connected to the controller 8. Here, the zero-pressure explosion relief vent 10 is actually a lightweight self-hanging shutter. When the high-temperature gas pressure in the battery compartment is greater than that in the outside, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery compartment can easily break open the shutter to release the pressure in the battery compartment, and then the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery compartment is quickly discharged through the smoke exhaust fan to reduce the severity of the high-temperature and high-pressure environment in the battery compartment.

[0044] The energy storage cabinet 1 is also provided with an audible and visual alarm 11 and a fire pipe interface 12 connected to the peripheral fire water pipe. The lower part of the fire pipe interface 12 is connected to a glass ball sprinkler head. The audible and visual alarm 11 is electrically connected to the composite detector 6. The smoke exhaust fan 9 is normally closed, and the glass ball sprinkler head is a large-caliber high-temperature sprinkler head.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for fire fighting of an energy storage cabinet using the above-mentioned energy storage cabinet cell-level fire fighting system comprises the following steps:

[0046] a. The composite detector 6 always detects the combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet 1. When the combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet 1 is detected to exceed the limit, the controller 8 controls the energy storage system to shut down;

[0047] b. The composite detector 6 drives the trigger 7 to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device 4 to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube 5, and the fire detection tube 5 stores pressure;

[0048] c. The composite detector 6 triggers the sound and light alarm 11 to sound an alarm, and notifies the controller 8 to start the smoke exhaust fan 9 to exhaust smoke to suppress fire and deflagration. At the same time, the zero-pressure explosion vent 10 releases the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and discharges it to the outside of the energy storage cabinet 1 through several vents on the electrical compartment 15;

[0049] d. When the battery cells in any battery pack 3 in the energy storage cabinet 1 spray open flames outward through the battery cell explosion relief valve, the fire detection tube 5 softens when encountering high-temperature open flames and is exploded by the high-pressure fire extinguishing medium in the fire detection tube 5. The fire extinguishing medium stored in the fire detection tube 5 is sprayed toward the open flame source until the open flame is extinguished;

[0050] e. When the fire is not extinguished or the battery cell reignites, the high temperature triggers the glass ball in the glass ball sprinkler to explode, and fire water is injected into the energy storage cabinet 1 through the fire pipe connected to the outside of the fire pipe interface 12 until the fire is extinguished.

[0051] The solution of the present invention can extinguish fire more timely, with more precise fire extinguishing points and longer fire extinguishing time. Moreover, through simple component design and a series of reliability assurance solutions, it can effectively suppress the safety risks when the battery is abnormal, thereby ensuring the safety of people and property.

[0052] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system, the energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system is arranged in an energy storage cabinet (1), a plurality of battery containing cavities (2) are arranged in the energy storage cabinet (1), and battery packs (3) are installed in the plurality of battery containing cavities (2), characterized in that: The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system includes a large-capacity fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) for releasing the fire extinguishing medium, a fire detection tube (5) connected to the fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) and arranged on one side of the battery cell explosion relief valve in each of the battery packs (3); A composite detector (6) for detecting whether a combustion factor exists in a battery pack (3) in an energy storage cabinet (1), and driving a trigger (7) to work and send an alarm signal to an alarm device, a trigger (7) connected to the composite detector (6) and used to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube (5), and A controller (8) is connected to the composite detector (6) and is used to control a smoke exhaust fan (9) disposed in the energy storage cabinet (1) to exhaust smoke when the composite detector (6) detects the presence of a combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet (1). The controller (8) is in communication connection with a system background (13).

2. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) is a perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane or carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device.

3. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire detection pipe (5) is a pressure storage temperature sensing self-starting explosion pipe.

4. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite detector (6) is a detector for detecting temperature, smoke, CO, H2 or VOC. When the composite detector (6) detects that the contents of any two combustion factors in the energy storage cabinet (1) exceed set limits, the trigger (7) is driven to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube (5).

5. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger (7) is a holding type relay.

6. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the trigger (7) triggers the fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube (5), pressure is accumulated in the fire detection tube (5).

7. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage cabinet (1) comprises a battery compartment (14) for storing a battery pack and an electrical compartment (15) for arranging electrical equipment located on either side of the battery compartment (14); the battery compartment (14) and the electrical compartment (15) are isolated by a partition (18); the smoke exhaust fan (9) is arranged on the partition (18); a zero-pressure explosion relief port (10) is also arranged on the partition (18); a vent (16) is arranged on the cabinet body of the energy storage cabinet (1); an exhaust duct (17) is arranged between the smoke exhaust fan (9) and the vent (16); and the smoke exhaust fan (9) is electrically connected to the controller (8).

8. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy storage cabinet (1) is also provided with an audible and visual alarm (11) and a fire pipe interface (12) connected to an external fire water pipe, the lower part of the fire pipe interface (12) is connected to a glass ball sprinkler head, and the audible and visual alarm (11) is electrically signal-connected to the composite detector (6).

9. The energy storage cabinet cell-level fire protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust fan (9) is normally closed, and the glass ball spray head is a large-caliber high-temperature spray head.

10. A method for fire fighting in an energy storage cabinet using the energy storage cabinet cell-level fire fighting system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a. The composite detector (6) detects the combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet (1) at all times. When it is detected that the combustion factor in the energy storage cabinet (1) exceeds the limit value, the controller (8) controls the energy storage system to shut down; b. The composite detector (6) drives the trigger (7) to trigger the fire extinguishing medium storage device (4) to release the fire extinguishing medium into the fire detection tube (5), and the fire detection tube (5) stores pressure; c. The composite detector (6) triggers the sound and light alarm (11) to sound an alarm, and notifies the controller (8) to start the smoke exhaust fan (9) to exhaust smoke to suppress fire and deflagration. At the same time, the zero-pressure explosion vent (10) releases high-temperature and high-pressure gas and discharges it to the outside of the energy storage cabinet (1) through a plurality of ventilation holes on the electrical compartment (15); d. When the battery cells in any battery pack (3) in the energy storage cabinet (1) spray open flames outward through the battery cell explosion relief valve, the fire detection tube (5) softens when encountering high temperature open flames and is exploded by the high pressure fire extinguishing medium in the fire detection tube (5), and the fire extinguishing medium stored in the fire detection tube (5) is sprayed toward the open flame source until the open flame is extinguished; e. When the fire is not extinguished or the battery cell reignites, the high temperature triggers the glass ball in the glass ball sprinkler to explode, and fire water is injected into the energy storage cabinet (1) through the fire pipe connected to the outside of the fire pipe interface (12) until the fire is extinguished.

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