Laser wire powder coaxial combined machining head for multiple light beams

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser wire powder coaxial combined machining head for multiple beams, and belongs to the technical field of laser additive equipment, the laser wire powder coaxial combined machining head comprises a wire feeding assembly and a plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles, the plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles are arranged around the central axis of a wire in the wire feeding assembly, the coaxial powder feeding nozzles are connected with a lens group module, and the lens group module is connected with an optical fiber plug. The laser passes through the lens group module and is coaxial with the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzles, an annular powder feeding channel is arranged in the coaxial powder feeding nozzles around the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzles, the coaxial powder feeding nozzles are provided with powder feeding holes communicated with the annular powder feeding channel, and the central axis of a wire in the wire feeding assembly and the central axis of each coaxial powder feeding nozzle intersect at the same point. The device has the advantages that when the silk powder is fed at the same time, the silk powder can evenly absorb energy of laser, the problem of different directions is solved, the material utilization rate and the additive quality are improved, meanwhile, equipment adjustment is simplified, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser additive equipment, and in particular to a laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head for multiple beams. Background Art

[0002] Metal additive manufacturing technology is an emerging technology that only began to appear in the 1980s. With the continuous advancement of laser additive manufacturing technology in recent years, it has evolved from the initial laser powder feeding to laser wire feeding and wire-powder feeding.

[0003] In the powder feeding process, the powder is sprayed into the laser beam irradiation area through the nozzle in the form of mist. The powder melts and fuses with the substrate under the high temperature of the laser. Because the powder particle size is small, it can be distributed more evenly, so it is more suitable for manufacturing parts with complex geometric shapes and more delicate processing. It is particularly suitable for repairing and improving the surface quality of existing parts. For deposition additive, the efficiency is low and the material utilization rate is also low.

[0004] Wire feeding additive manufacturing directly feeds metal wire to the laser beam irradiation area, where the wire melts and fuses with the base material under the action of the laser. This is because the melting efficiency of the wire is high and the material utilization rate is also higher. It is suitable for large-scale production and has low cost. The disadvantage is that it will produce more spatter and explosion, and the accuracy is relatively low.

[0005] In order to improve material utilization, the two advantages of wire feeding additive and powder feeding additive are combined, and the technology of wire-powder feeding additive is gradually emerging. The existing wire-powder feeding equipment usually sends out the wire, powder and laser along different axial directions respectively. The conveying axes of the wire, powder and laser converge at an intersection on the workpiece, so that the wire, powder and laser can be effectively gathered in the molten pool area.

[0006] However, existing coaxial wire-powder co-feeding equipment usually has the following problems: before adding materials, the wire feeding angle, powder feeding angle and laser incident angle need to be adjusted separately, and the equipment adjustment is relatively complicated, especially when facing the situation of processing multiple lasers and multiple powders at the same time. Secondly, in existing equipment, due to the different transmission paths of powder and laser, powder and wire are often transported in different directions before reaching the molten pool. The energy of the laser is not evenly distributed on the powder and wire, resulting in directional anisotropy, which affects the utilization rate of the material and the quality of additives. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to ensure that silk powder can evenly absorb the energy of the laser when silk powder is fed simultaneously, reduce the problem of directional anisotropy, improve material utilization and additive quality, simplify equipment adjustment, and improve work efficiency, the present application provides a laser silk powder coaxial composite processing head for multiple beams.

[0008] The present application provides a multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head adopts the following technical solution: A multi-beam laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head comprises a wire feeding assembly and a plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles, wherein the plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles are arranged around the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly, the coaxial powder feeding nozzle is connected to a lens group module, the lens group module is connected to an optical fiber plug, the laser passes through the lens group module and is coaxial with the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle, an annular powder feeding channel is arranged around the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle, the coaxial powder feeding nozzle is provided with a powder feeding hole connected to the annular powder feeding channel, and the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly and the central axis of each of the coaxial powder feeding nozzles intersect at the same point.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the laser can act on the wire from multiple directions at the same time. This layout ensures that the laser energy can evenly cover the entire outer surface of the wire, not just a part of it. This greatly reduces the problem of heat concentration, thereby effectively avoiding overheating of the material, uneven melting, etc. This design can improve the overall stability and uniformity of the processing, effectively avoiding deformation or stress concentration of the wire due to uneven heating on one side, while improving the melting efficiency of the material and reducing cold spots, hot spots, etc. This uniform heating is especially important for components with complex geometric shapes.

[0010] Secondly, through the annular powder feeding channel structure, the powder can be evenly fed around the laser beam. The powder can be evenly distributed around the laser, allowing the powder to evenly absorb the laser energy. Compared with the traditional one-sided powder feeding method, this uniform distribution allows more powder to directly contact the high-temperature area and be fully melted, reducing the waste of some powder due to failure to enter the laser irradiation range; and ensure that the powder is evenly distributed in the molten pool from all directions, which avoids the problem of uneven distribution of powder in traditional equipment, concentration on one side, or only local heating.

[0011] At the same time, each coaxial powder feeding nozzle is independently connected to the lens module and the optical fiber plug, which means that each coaxial powder feeding nozzle can adjust the type, power and type of powder delivered by the laser individually. This can realize the manufacturing of functional gradient materials, or optimize the processing parameters for different materials through the combination of multiple different lasers to improve the adaptability of the equipment.

[0012] In addition, since different metal materials have different absorption rates for lasers of different wavelengths, by adjusting the laser emitted by each coaxial powder feeding nozzle, the absorption efficiency of the laser and powder can be optimized, thereby accelerating the melting of the powder and improving processing efficiency.

[0013] Moreover, each coaxial powder feeding nozzle is connected to an independent lens module and fiber optic plug. The nozzle and laser are integrated together. When the position of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle is adjusted, the angle of the laser will be automatically adjusted accordingly, which can ensure that the laser and powder converge more accurately in the molten pool, reduce human adjustment errors, and further improve processing quality and efficiency.

[0014] Optionally, the plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles are arranged in an asymmetrical manner relative to the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the asymmetric arrangement makes the laser emission paths asymmetric, effectively avoiding the reflected light directly hitting the optical fiber plug and the mirror module, reducing the risk of equipment damage and improving safety.

[0016] Optionally, at least two powder feeding holes are provided, and each of the powder feeding holes is connected to a powder feeding pipe.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple powder feeding holes can feed materials to the annular channel at the same time, which can significantly improve the powder conveying speed and efficiency, thereby accelerating the processing speed. The setting of multiple powder feeding holes enables powder to enter the annular channel from different positions and be evenly distributed around the action area of ​​the laser beam. It can also effectively avoid the blockage problem of a single powder feeding pipeline.

[0018] Optionally, the coaxial powder feeding nozzle includes a first connecting tube and a focusing tube, the first connecting tube is a cylindrical hollow tube, the focusing tube is a hollow frustum-shaped tube, the first connecting tube and the focusing tube are coaxially connected, the first connecting tube is sleeved with a second connecting tube, the first connecting tube and the second connecting tube are coaxially arranged, the second connecting tube is coaxially connected with a powder conveying tube, the powder conveying tube is a hollow frustum-shaped tube, and the powder conveying tube is sleeved on the focusing tube, the second connecting tube, the space between the powder conveying tube and the focusing tube forms the annular powder feeding channel, and the powder feeding hole is opened on the second connecting tube.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the laser can be emitted through the first connecting tube and the focusing tube in sequence. At the same time, the focusing tube and the powder conveying tube cooperate to form a conical annular powder conveying channel, which is also conducive to the gathering of powder around the laser.

[0020] Optionally, the wire feeding assembly includes a wire guide tube and a wire tube fixing member, one end of the wire guide tube is connected to a wire guide nozzle, the wire tube fixing member is used to fix the wire guide tube, a wire feeding seat is arranged on the top of the wire tube fixing member, and a wire feeding wheel group is installed on the wire feeding seat.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the wire feeding wheel group can convey the wire into the wire guide tube and send it out from the wire guide nozzle to achieve continuous wire supply. By replacing wire feeding wheel groups with different spacings, wire guide tubes with different inner diameters and wire guide nozzles with different inner diameters, compatibility with different welding wire diameters can be achieved.

[0022] Optionally, a plurality of the coaxial powder feeding nozzles are connected to the wire feeding assembly via a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with a first mounting channel and a plurality of second mounting channels, the wire feeding assembly is fixed to the mounting seat through the first mounting channel, the second mounting channels correspond to the coaxial powder feeding nozzles one by one, and one end of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle and one end of the lens assembly module are both fixed in the second mounting channel; The first installation channel is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly, and the second installation channel is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, each coaxial powder feeding nozzle is connected to the wire feeding assembly through the mounting seat instead of being independently connected. The lens module and the coaxial powder feeding nozzle only need to be installed on the mounting seat, and no additional connection mechanism is required for the lens module and the coaxial powder feeding nozzle. The method of connecting only through the mounting seat can not only simplify the assembly, but also enhance the stability of the structure, ensure that the coaxial powder feeding nozzle, wire feeding assembly and lens module remain stable during operation, and reduce alignment deviations caused by vibration or external interference. In addition, this connection method supports modular design, making it easier to upgrade and expand the equipment. Users can easily add or replace coaxial powder feeding nozzles, wire feeding assemblies or lens modules as needed to adapt to different processing tasks.

[0024] Optionally, the wire tube fixing piece is coaxially connected with a first flange. The first flange is connected with a connecting seat, one end of the connecting seat and the first flange are both fixed in the first installation channel, one end of the connecting seat away from the first installation channel is connected with a second flange, the second flange is fixed to the connecting seat, and the wire feeding seat is installed on the second flange.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the first flange is fixed to the connecting seat and the first installation channel, and the second flange is fixed to the connecting seat, which facilitates installation and can improve the coaxiality of the wire guide tube, the connecting seat and the first installation channel.

[0026] Optionally, a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the first flange plate, a connecting port is provided in the circumference of the connecting seat, the connecting holes are connected to the connecting ports, the powder feeding hole of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle facing the side of the wire feeding assembly is connected to the connecting holes, and a weight-reducing groove is provided on the mounting seat.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the powder feeding hole of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle facing the wire feeding assembly can be directly connected to the powder feeding pipe, and the powder feeding pipe can pass through the connecting hole and the connecting port in sequence, which is convenient for connecting the powder feeding pipe with the feeding device, simplifies the connection of the powder feeding pipeline, avoids powder blockage or uneven distribution caused by complex pipelines, improves powder feeding efficiency, and facilitates maintenance and adjustment. At the same time, the opening of the connecting hole, the connecting port and the weight-reducing through groove also reduces the weight of the equipment.

[0028] Optionally, the wire tube fixing member includes a fixing tube, which passes through the first flange and is fixed to each other. The wire guide tube is formed by connecting a section of a cylindrical tube and a section of a frustum-shaped tube. The wire guide tube extends out of the top of the fixing tube, and the wire feeding nozzle extends out of the bottom of the fixing tube.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed tube can stably fix the entire circumference of the wire guide tube, avoiding the deviation of the wire guide tube caused by vibration or external force during the wire feeding process, improving the alignment accuracy and stability of the wire feeding process, and the frustum-shaped tube section in the wire guide tube effectively reduces the space occupied by the wire guide tube, avoiding interference between the coaxial powder feeding nozzle and the wire guide tube.

[0030] Optionally, a fiber optic insertion port is provided on the top of the mirror assembly module, and the fiber optic plug is connected to the mirror assembly module through the fiber optic insertion port, and the fiber optic insertion port is a universal interface of QBH, QCS and QD. A protective gas inlet is provided on the mirror assembly module, and the protective gas inlet is connected to the second installation channel.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the optical fiber insertion port is convenient for replacing optical fiber plugs of different powers and types to meet the processing needs. The protective gas is input through the protective gas inlet. The protective gas serves as a protective gas for the additive material to avoid thermal oxidation of the material. It also helps to prevent smoke and dust from contaminating the mirror group.

[0032] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The laser can act on the wire from multiple directions at the same time. This layout ensures that the laser energy can evenly cover the entire outer surface of the wire, not just a part. This uniform heating is especially important for components with complex geometric shapes. This greatly reduces the problem of heat concentration, thereby effectively avoiding phenomena such as overheating of the material and uneven melting, and reducing the problem of directional anisotropy of the wire; 2. Through the annular powder feeding channel structure, the powder can be evenly fed around the laser beam. The powder can be evenly distributed around the laser, so that the powder absorbs the laser energy evenly. It also ensures that the powder is evenly distributed in the molten pool from all directions, which avoids the problem of uneven powder distribution, concentration on one side or only local heating in traditional equipment, reduces the problem of powder directional anisotropy, and improves powder utilization and additive quality; 3. Each coaxial powder feeding nozzle is independently connected to the lens module and the optical fiber plug. Each coaxial powder feeding nozzle can adjust the type, power and type of powder delivered by the laser individually. This can realize the manufacturing of functional gradient materials, or optimize the processing parameters for different materials through the combination of multiple different lasers to improve the adaptability of the equipment; 4. Since different metal materials have different absorption rates for lasers of different wavelengths, the absorption efficiency of laser and powder can be optimized by adjusting the laser emitted by each coaxial powder feeding nozzle, thereby accelerating the melting of powder and improving processing efficiency; Moreover, the coaxial powder feeding nozzle and the laser are integrated together. When the position of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle is adjusted, the angle of the laser will also be automatically adjusted, which can ensure that the laser and powder converge more accurately in the molten pool, reduce human adjustment errors, and further improve processing quality and efficiency. 5. The asymmetric arrangement makes the laser emission paths asymmetric, effectively avoiding the reflected light from directly hitting the fiber plug and mirror module, reducing the risk of equipment damage and improving safety; 6. The connection through the mounting base can not only simplify the assembly, but also enhance the stability of the structure, which can ensure that the coaxial powder feeding nozzle, wire feeding assembly and mirror module remain stable during operation and reduce the alignment deviation caused by vibration or external interference; 7. The powder feeding hole on the side of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle facing the wire feeding assembly can be directly connected to the powder feeding pipe, and the powder feeding pipe can pass through the connecting hole and the connecting port in sequence, which is convenient for connecting the powder feeding pipe with the feeding device, simplifies the connection of the powder feeding pipeline, avoids powder blockage or uneven distribution caused by complex pipelines, improves powder feeding efficiency, and facilitates maintenance and adjustment. At the same time, the opening of the connecting hole, the connecting port and the weight-reducing through slot also reduces the weight of the equipment; 8. The fiber insertion port is a universal interface for QBH, QCS and QD, which is convenient for replacing fiber plugs of different powers and types to meet processing needs. The protective gas is input through the protective gas inlet. The protective gas serves as the protective gas for the additive material to avoid thermal oxidation of the material. It also helps to prevent smoke and dust from contaminating the mirror group.

[0033] 9. Compared with existing products, the overall design is highly integrated, lighter and easier to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle used to embody an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire feeding assembly used to illustrate the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application for reflecting a connecting seat, a first flange and a mounting seat.

[0039] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Wire feeding assembly; 11. Wire guide tube; 12. Wire tube fixing piece; 121. Fixing tube; 13. Wire guide nozzle; 14. Wire feeding seat; 15. Wire feeding wheel assembly; 2. Coaxial powder feeding nozzle; 21. Annular powder feeding channel; 22. Powder feeding hole; 23. First connecting tube; 24. Focusing tube; 25. Second connecting tube; 26. Powder material conveying tube; 27. Powder feeding tube; 28. Air inlet; 3. Mirror module; 31. Optical fiber insertion port; 32. Protective gas inlet; 4. Optical fiber plug; 5. Mounting seat; 51. First mounting channel; 52. Second mounting channel; 53. Weight reduction groove; 6. Connecting seat; 61. Connecting port; 7. First flange; 71. Connecting hole; 8. Second flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application discloses a laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head for multiple beams.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The laser wire-powder coaxial composite processing head for multiple beams includes a wire feeding assembly 1 and a plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles 2, and the plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles 2 are arranged around the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly 1. The coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is connected to a lens assembly module 3, and the lens assembly module 3 is connected to an optical fiber plug 4. The laser passes through the lens assembly module 3 and is coaxial with the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2. An annular powder feeding channel 21 is arranged around the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2. The coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is provided with a powder feeding hole 22 connected to the annular powder feeding channel 21. The annular powder feeding channel 21 passes through the end of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 away from the lens assembly module 3. The central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly 1 and the central axis of each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 intersect at the same point.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, there are six coaxial powder feeding nozzles 2. The coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 includes a first connecting tube 23 and a focusing tube 24. The first connecting tube 23 is a cylindrical hollow tube, and the focusing tube 24 is a hollow truncated cone tube. The first connecting tube 23 and the focusing tube 24 are coaxially connected and integrally formed.

[0044] The first connecting tube 23 is sleeved with the second connecting tube 25, and the top end of the second connecting tube 25 is fixed to the bottom end of the first connecting tube 23. The bottom of the second connecting tube 25 is connected to the powder material conveying tube 26, and the powder material conveying tube 26 and the second connecting tube 25 are integrally formed. The powder material conveying tube 26 is a hollow truncated cone tube, and the powder material conveying tube 26 is sleeved on the focusing tube 24. The focusing tube 24, the powder material conveying tube 26, the first connecting tube 23 and the second connecting tube 25 are coaxial.

[0045] The space enclosed by the inner side wall of the bottom of the second connecting tube 25, the inner side wall of the powder material conveying tube 26 and the outer side of the focusing tube 24 is the annular powder feeding channel 21. The powder feeding hole 22 is opened at the bottom of the second connecting tube 25, and there are two powder feeding holes 22. The two powder feeding holes 22 are stacked about the central axis of the second connecting tube 25, and each powder feeding hole 22 is connected to a powder feeding pipe 27. One powder feeding pipe 27 is arranged toward the wire feeding assembly 1, and the other powder feeding pipe 27 is arranged on the side of the second connecting tube 25 away from the wire feeding assembly 1. Each second connecting tube 25 is provided with two air inlets 28.

[0046] Through the structure of the annular powder feeding channel 21, the powder can be uniformly transported around the laser. The powder can be evenly distributed around the laser, so that the powder absorbs the laser energy evenly. It also ensures that the powder is evenly distributed in the molten pool from all directions, which avoids the problem of uneven distribution of powder, concentration on one side or only local heating in traditional equipment, reduces the problem of powder directional anisotropy, and improves powder utilization and additive quality.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , six coaxial powder feeding nozzles 2 are installed together on a mounting seat 5, a first mounting channel 51 is provided at the center of the mounting seat 5, and six second mounting channels 52 are also provided on the mounting seat 5, and the six second mounting channels 52 are arranged circumferentially around the first mounting channel 51. The first mounting channel 51 and the second mounting channel 52 are both cylindrical channels. The central axis of the six second mounting channels 52 intersects with the central axis of the first mounting channel 51 at the same point. The mounting seat 5 is provided with three weight-reducing grooves 53 along its circumference, and the weight-reducing grooves 53 pass through the top surface, bottom surface and outer peripheral surface of the mounting seat 5. Every two second mounting channels 52 form a group, and each group of second mounting channels 52 is located between two adjacent weight-reducing grooves 53.

[0048] The wire feeding assembly 1 passes through the first installation channel 51 and is fixed to the installation seat 5, and the wire in the wire feeding assembly 1 is coaxially arranged with the first installation channel 51; Each second installation channel 52 is provided with a stepped groove at the top and bottom, and the first connecting tube 23 corresponds to the second installation channel 52 one by one. The top of the first connecting tube 23 is also provided with an adapted stepped groove, and the first connecting tube 23 is inserted into the corresponding second installation groove and fixed to the mounting seat 5. The first connecting tube 23 is coaxially arranged with the second installation channel 52.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the lens module 3 corresponds to the second mounting channel 52 one by one and is mounted on the mounting seat 5. The lens module 3 includes a shell, and the bottom of the shell is also provided with a stepped groove adapted to the second mounting channel 52, and the shell is fixed on the mounting seat 5. A collimating lens (not shown in the figure) and a focusing lens (not shown in the figure) are arranged in the shell, and a water cooling channel is also arranged in the shell to cool the lens (conventional setting, not shown in the figure), and a fiber insertion port 31 is provided on the top of the shell, and the fiber insertion port 31 is a universal interface for QBH, QCS and QD. The shell is plugged with a fiber plug 4 through the fiber insertion port 31. A protective gas inlet 32 ​​is provided at one end of the shell close to the mounting seat 5. The laser passes through the collimating lens, the focusing lens, the second mounting channel 52, the first connecting tube 23 and the focusing tube 24 in sequence, and the laser is coaxial with the second mounting channel 52.

[0050] Each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is connected to the wire feeding assembly 1 through the mounting seat 5, rather than being independently connected. The lens module 3 and the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 only need to be installed on the mounting seat 5, and no additional connection mechanism is required for the lens module 3 and the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2. The method of connecting only through the mounting seat 5 can not only simplify the assembly, but also enhance the stability of the structure, ensure that the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2, the wire feeding assembly 1 and the lens module 3 remain stable during operation, and reduce alignment deviations caused by vibration or external interference. In addition, this connection method supports modular design, making it easier to upgrade and expand the equipment. Users can easily add or replace the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2, the wire feeding assembly 1 or the lens module 3 as needed to adapt to different processing tasks.

[0051] Furthermore, each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is independently connected to the lens module 3 and the optical fiber plug 4, which means that each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 can independently adjust the type and power of the laser and the type of powder delivered. Thus, the manufacturing of functional gradient materials can be realized, or the processing parameters can be optimized for different materials through the combination of multiple different lasers to improve the adaptability of the equipment.

[0052] Furthermore, since different metal materials have different absorption rates for lasers of different wavelengths, the absorption efficiency of the laser and the powder can be optimized by adjusting the laser emitted by each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2, thereby accelerating the melting of the powder and improving the processing efficiency.

[0053] Moreover, each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is connected to an independent lens module 3 and an optical fiber plug 4, and the nozzle and the laser are integrated together. When the position of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is adjusted, the angle of the laser will also be automatically adjusted, which can ensure that the laser and powder are more accurately converged in the molten pool, reduce human adjustment errors, and further improve processing quality and efficiency.

[0054] like Figure 1 The six coaxial powder feeding nozzles 2 are arranged in an asymmetrical manner relative to the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly 1 (i.e., the central axis of the first installation channel 51). That is, any coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is not symmetrical with any other coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 about the central axis of the first installation channel 51.

[0055] The asymmetric arrangement makes the laser emission paths asymmetric, effectively preventing the reflected light from directly striking the optical fiber plug 4 and the mirror module 3, reducing the risk of equipment damage and improving safety.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 The wire feeding assembly 1 includes a wire guide tube 11 and a wire tube fixing member 12, one end of the wire guide tube 11 is connected to a wire guide nozzle 13, and the wire tube fixing member 12 is used to fix the wire guide tube 11. In the embodiment of the present application, the wire tube fixing member 12 includes a fixed tube 121, and the fixed tube 121 is integrally formed by a section of a cylindrical tube and a section of a truncated cone tube, and six coaxial powder feeding nozzles 2 surround the truncated cone tube section of the fixed tube 121. The wire guide tube 11 penetrates into the fixed tube 121 and is fixed, the wire guide nozzle 13 extends from the truncated cone tube end of the fixed tube 121, and the wire guide tube 11 extends from the cylindrical tube end of the fixed tube 121.

[0057] A stepped groove is provided at the top of the first installation channel 51. The first flange 7 is bolted in the stepped groove of the first installation channel 51. The fixed pipe 121 passes through the center hole of the first flange 7. The connecting seat 6 is also bolted in the stepped groove of the first installation through groove. The connecting seat 6 is a cylindrical seat, and the connecting seat 6 is coaxially arranged with the first flange 7. The top of the connecting seat 6 is threadedly connected with the second flange 8. The fixed pipe 121 passes through the second flange 8. The fixed pipe 121 and the second flange 8 are fixed and the top surfaces of the two are flush with each other. The second flange 8 and the first flange 7 are coaxially arranged. A wire feeding seat 14 is fixed on the top surface of the first flange 7. A wire feeding wheel group 15 is installed on the wire feeding seat 14. The wire feeding wheel group 15 can be driven to rotate by a motor, and the wire material passes through the wire feeding wheel group 15, the wire guide tube 11 and the wire guide nozzle 13 in sequence.

[0058] The wire feeding wheel assembly 15 can convey the wire into the wire guide tube 11 and send it out from the wire guide nozzle 13 to achieve continuous wire supply. Compatibility with different welding wire diameters can be achieved by replacing the wire feeding wheel assembly 15 with different spacings, wire guide tubes 11 with different inner diameters, and wire guide nozzles 13 with different inner diameters.

[0059] Moreover, the first flange 7 is fixed to the connecting seat 6 and the first installation channel 51, and the second flange 8 is fixed to the connecting seat 6, which facilitates installation and can improve the coaxiality of the wire guide tube 11, the connecting seat 6 and the first installation channel 51, making the position of the wire more accurate.

[0060] like Figure 5 Six connecting holes 71 are provided on the first flange 7, each of which penetrates the circumference of the first flange 7, and the connecting holes 71 correspond to the powder delivery pipes 27 facing the fixed pipe 121 one by one, and the powder delivery pipes 27 pass through the connecting holes 71. Three connecting ports 61 are provided on the circumference of the connecting seat 6, and each of the connecting ports 61 corresponds to and communicates with two connecting holes 71.

[0061] The powder delivery pipe 27 can pass through the connection hole 71 and the connection port 61 in sequence, which facilitates the connection of the powder delivery pipe 27 with the feeding device, simplifies the connection of the powder delivery pipe 27, avoids the blockage or uneven distribution of powder caused by complex pipelines, improves the powder delivery efficiency, and facilitates maintenance and adjustment. At the same time, the opening of the connection hole 71 and the connection port 61 is also conducive to reducing the weight of the equipment.

[0062] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: the powder is output around the central axis of the laser, and multiple lasers are output around the central axis of the wire. The multiple lasers and the wire intersect at one point, ensuring that the laser energy can evenly cover the entire outer surface of the wire, and the powder can be evenly distributed around the laser, so that the powder evenly absorbs the laser energy. When the wire and powder are sent together, the wire powder can evenly absorb the energy of the laser, reduce the problem of directional anisotropy, and improve material utilization and additive quality.

[0063] Each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 can adjust the type and power of the laser and the type of powder delivered individually, which can optimize the absorption efficiency of the laser and the powder, accelerate the melting of the powder, and improve the processing efficiency. It is also possible to optimize the processing parameters for different materials through the combination of multiple different lasers to improve the adaptability of the equipment.

[0064] Moreover, each coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is connected to an independent lens module 3 and an optical fiber plug 4, and the nozzle and the laser are integrated together. When the position of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle 2 is adjusted, the angle of the laser will also be automatically adjusted, which can ensure that the laser and powder are more accurately converged in the molten pool, reduce human adjustment errors, and further improve processing quality and efficiency.

[0065] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head for multiple beams, characterized by: The invention comprises a wire feeding assembly (1) and a plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles (2), wherein the plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles (2) are arranged around the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly (1), the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2) is connected to a lens assembly module (3), the lens assembly module (3) is connected to an optical fiber plug (4), laser passes through the lens assembly module (3) and is coaxial with the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2), an annular powder feeding channel (21) is arranged around the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2), the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2) is provided with a powder feeding hole (22) connected to the annular powder feeding channel (21), and the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly (1) and the central axis of each of the coaxial powder feeding nozzles (2) intersect at the same point.

2. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles (2) are arranged in an asymmetrical manner relative to the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly (1).

3. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two powder delivery holes (22) are provided, and each of the powder delivery holes (22) is connected to a powder delivery pipe (27).

4. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2) comprises a first connecting tube (23) and a focusing tube (24); the first connecting tube (23) is a cylindrical hollow tube; the focusing tube (24) is a hollow truncated cone tube; the first connecting tube (23) and the focusing tube (24) are coaxially connected; the first connecting tube (23) is sleeved with a second connecting tube (25); the first connecting tube (23) and the second connecting tube (25) are coaxially arranged; the second connecting tube (25) is coaxially connected with a powder material conveying tube (26); the powder material conveying tube (26) is a hollow truncated cone tube; and the powder material conveying tube (26) is sleeved on the focusing tube (24); the space between the second connecting tube (25), the powder material conveying tube (26) and the focusing tube (24) forms the annular powder feeding channel (21); and the powder feeding hole (22) is provided on the second connecting tube (25).

5. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding assembly (1) comprises a wire guide tube (11) and a wire tube fixing member (12); one end of the wire guide tube (11) is connected to a wire guide nozzle (13); the wire tube fixing member (12) is used to fix the wire guide tube (11); a wire feeding seat (14) is arranged on the top of the wire tube fixing member (12); and a wire feeding wheel group (15) is installed on the wire feeding seat (14).

6. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of coaxial powder feeding nozzles (2) are connected to the wire feeding assembly (1) via a mounting seat (5); the mounting seat (5) is provided with a first mounting channel (51) and a plurality of second mounting channels (52); the wire feeding assembly (1) passes through the first mounting channel (51) and is fixed to the mounting seat (5); the second mounting channels (52) correspond to the coaxial powder feeding nozzles (2) one by one; one end of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2) and one end of the lens assembly module (3) are both fixed in the second mounting channel (52); The first installation channel (51) is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the wire in the wire feeding assembly (1), and the second installation channel (52) is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2).

7. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wire tube fixing member (12) is coaxially connected to a first flange (7), the first flange (7) is connected to a connecting seat (6), one end of the connecting seat (6) and the first flange (7) are both fixed in the first mounting channel (51), the end of the connecting seat (6) away from the first mounting channel (51) is connected to a second flange (8), the second flange (8) is fixed to the connecting seat (6), and the wire feeding seat (14) is mounted on the second flange (8).

8. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first flange (7) is provided with a plurality of connection holes (71), the connection seat (6) is provided with a connection port (61) in the circumferential direction, the connection holes (71) are connected with the connection port (61), the powder feeding hole (22) of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle (2) facing the wire feeding assembly (1) is connected with the connection hole (71), and the mounting seat (5) is provided with a weight-reducing through groove (53).

9. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wire tube fixing member (12) comprises a fixing tube (121), the fixing tube (121) passes through the first flange (7) and is fixed to each other, the wire guide tube (11) is formed by connecting a section of a cylindrical tube and a section of a truncated cone tube, the wire guide tube (11) extends out of the top of the fixing tube (121), and the wire guide nozzle (13) extends out of the bottom of the fixing tube (121).

10. The multi-beam laser silk-powder coaxial composite processing head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mirror assembly module (3) is provided with an optical fiber insertion port (31) at the top, and the optical fiber plug (4) is connected to the mirror assembly module (3) through the optical fiber insertion port (31); the optical fiber insertion port (31) is a universal interface for QBH, QCS and QD; the mirror assembly module (3) is provided with a protective gas inlet port (32), and the protective gas inlet port (32) is communicated with the second installation channel (52).

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