Battery box

Abstract

The battery box comprises a box body with an opening in the upper end, a box cover for sealing the upper end of the box body and a fire extinguishing assembly located on the side face of the box body, and the box cover and the box body are matched to form a sealed battery mounting bin. The fire extinguishing assembly used for achieving battery fire extinguishing comprises a pressure-resistant storage tank storing lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid and a pump body communicated with the interior of the pressure-resistant storage tank, and the pump body is connected with the box cover through a pipeline and used for feeding the lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid into the box cover. According to the battery box, the fire extinguishing assembly and the fire extinguishing flow channel are integrated, if uncontrollable overheating or fire disasters occur, a fire extinguishing agent can rapidly intervene, fire is prevented from spreading to other parts of a battery system, and therefore the safety of the battery system is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a battery box. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, the battery system is a vital component, and its safety is directly related to the overall safety of the vehicle and the safety of the driver's life and property. Existing battery boxes usually use passive fire protection technologies, such as flame retardant materials and fireproof insulation layers, to reduce the possibility of fire or delay the spread of fire. However, with the development of battery technology, the energy density of batteries has gradually increased, resulting in a corresponding increase in the heat generated by batteries during charging and discharging. Although traditional passive fire protection measures can provide a certain degree of protection, once the battery has thermal runaway, the risk of fire is still high, and existing technologies cannot effectively deal with dangerous situations when the temperature inside the battery increases sharply.

[0003] Although existing battery box protection technology uses heat-insulating and flame-retardant materials to a certain extent, it lacks active cooling function. When the battery overheats due to overcharging, short circuit, external impact, etc., the traditional battery box cannot quickly and effectively adjust the temperature to prevent further thermal runaway. What's more serious is that the traditional battery box design does not have the function of timely fire extinguishing. Once a fire occurs, the fire may spread rapidly and cause irreparable losses. In addition, due to the strong sealing of the battery box, after a fire occurs, the toxic gases and heat generated may be trapped inside the battery box, further exacerbating safety risks.

[0004] These deficiencies are mainly due to the conservative design concepts of existing technologies, which focus on delaying the occurrence or spread of fires and lack active control and temperature regulation mechanisms for the source of fires. The design of battery boxes mostly relies on passive protection measures and fails to fully consider how to avoid thermal runaway and the fire hazards it brings through active intervention in extreme cases. Therefore, the protection measures of existing battery boxes often fail to provide sufficient safety protection in critical moments.

[0005] In view of the above shortcomings, it is particularly important to develop battery box technology with active cooling and fire extinguishing functions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome at least one of the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a battery box that integrates a fire extinguishing component and a fire extinguishing flow channel. If an uncontrollable overheating or fire occurs, the fire extinguishing agent can be quickly intervened to prevent the fire from spreading to other components of the battery system, thereby greatly improving the safety of the battery system.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application discloses a battery box, which includes a box body with an upper opening, a box cover sealing the upper end of the box body, and a fire extinguishing assembly located on the side of the box body, wherein the box cover cooperates with the box body to form a sealed battery installation compartment. In the above, the fire extinguishing assembly for realizing battery fire extinguishing includes a pressure-resistant storage tank storing lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid and a pump body connected to the inside of the pressure-resistant storage tank, the pump body is connected to the tank cover through a pipeline, and is used to deliver the lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid into the tank cover; In the above, the box cover is used to transfer coolant and receive lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid and spray it to the thermal runaway area of ​​the box body. The box cover is provided with a cooling chamber group located at the top and a flow channel located at the bottom. A plurality of spray holes are provided between the flow channel and the bottom surface of the box cover. The spray holes are blocked by tin-lead alloy so that the spray holes are normally sealed. At the same time, at least one hydraulic sensor is also provided in the flow channel. After the spray hole is turned on, the hydraulic pressure in the flow channel decreases. When the hydraulic sensor senses that the threshold data has been crossed, it triggers the pump body in the fire extinguishing assembly to work. In the above, the cooling chamber group is composed of a liquid inlet chamber and a return chamber separated from each other. A heat insulation layer close to the top surface is formed on the box cover through the liquid inlet chamber and the return chamber, thereby reducing the heat conduction upward from the box cover and delaying the time for the box cover to be burned through, thereby increasing the escape time.

[0008] As an optional technical solution, the box body is provided with heat-insulating vertical plates that separate the battery modules, and the heat-insulating vertical plates divide the box body into several areas, each of which is equipped with one or more groups of batteries.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper edge of the heat-insulating vertical plate is separated from the box cover by a flow-guiding interval of 1-3 cm, so that gas can flow between the various areas. Preferably, the heat-insulating vertical plate is a hollow sandwich plate.

[0010] As an optional technical solution, the cover plate is provided with a normally closed pressure relief valve connected to the battery installation compartment. The pressure relief valve is used to discharge the gas in the battery installation compartment to ensure that the lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid can be sequentially delivered into the battery installation compartment.

[0011] As an optional technical solution, a flame retardant heat insulation layer is provided on the upper surface of the cover plate to further improve the smoldering heat insulation capacity of the cover plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid is an anhydrous fire extinguishing liquid. For example, the fire extinguishing liquid is composed of the following ingredients: propylene glycol accounts for 20-30%, sodium tripolyphosphate accounts for 10-20%, boric acid accounts for 5-15%, sodium chloride accounts for 5-15%, micro-powdered aluminum oxide accounts for 15-25%, non-ionic surfactant accounts for 3-7%, magnesium oxide accounts for 3-7%, calcium oxide accounts for 10-20%, and benzotriazole accounts for 0.5-1%.

[0013] In the above composition, propylene glycol is the main solvent, which has a high boiling point and low toxicity, and can provide a significant cooling effect in high temperature environments. It quickly reduces the temperature of the lithium battery fire source by absorbing heat, while stabilizing the overall structure of the fire extinguishing agent to prevent the components from decomposing or reacting.

[0014] In the above composition, sodium tripolyphosphate plays a role in absorbing heat and inhibiting the combustion chain reaction during the fire extinguishing process. It can effectively reduce the temperature of the fire source, block the chemical reaction chain of the flame, and thus prevent the fire from spreading.

[0015] In the above composition, boric acid not only has good heat absorption capacity, but also can enhance the overall fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing agent by chemically inhibiting the combustion process. It can absorb a large amount of heat at high temperature and further reduce the temperature of the fire source.

[0016] In the above composition, sodium chloride inhibits combustion by covering the fire source and isolating oxygen. At the same time, its heat absorption effect helps to further reduce the temperature of the fire source and enhance the fire extinguishing effect.

[0017] Among the above components, alumina is an efficient heat-absorbing material that can quickly absorb a large amount of heat and quickly reduce the temperature of the fire source. In addition, the physical barrier formed by alumina during the fire extinguishing process can effectively isolate oxygen and prevent the fire from spreading.

[0018] In the above composition, the main function of the non-ionic surfactant is to help the fire extinguishing agent be evenly distributed on the burning surface, forming a protective film, further isolating oxygen, preventing the fire source from being exposed, and thus improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0019] In the above composition, magnesium oxide improves the overall fire extinguishing effect by enhancing the heat absorption and chemical inhibition ability of the fire extinguishing agent. It can continue to absorb heat at high temperatures, stabilize the fire source area, and prevent the fire from re-igniting.

[0020] In the above composition, calcium oxide acts as a stabilizer to improve the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing agent and prevent the components from decomposing during storage and use. It ensures that the fire extinguishing agent can still maintain its effectiveness after long-term storage and adapt to different application environments.

[0021] In the above composition, benzotriazole acts as a preservative to extend the shelf life of the fire extinguishing agent, prevent decomposition or oxidation of the components during long-term storage, and ensure that the fire extinguishing agent still has efficient fire extinguishing performance when used.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. Active fire extinguishing function: By integrating fire extinguishing components, when the battery overheats or thermally runs away, the fire extinguishing agent can be quickly sprayed into the battery box, effectively preventing the spread of fire and reducing damage to other components of the battery system. This design significantly improves the safety of the battery system and solves the problem of lack of active fire extinguishing means in the existing technology.

[0023] 2. Temperature control and cooling function: A cooling chamber group is set inside the box cover, which can form an insulation layer through the separated liquid inlet chamber and reflux chamber, delaying the time for the box cover to be burned through by high temperature and providing a longer escape time. At the same time, the effective distribution of coolant helps to reduce the overall temperature of the battery system and reduce the risk of temperature runaway.

[0024] 3. Structural gas management: The battery box is equipped with separate insulation panels inside, which can effectively divide multiple areas and ensure the flow of gas between areas, avoiding heat concentration and reducing the risk of fire caused by local overheating. In addition, the insulation panels adopt a hollow sandwich structure to enhance the insulation effect and help improve the overall protection performance of the battery box.

[0025] 4. Pressure relief protection function: A normally closed pressure relief valve is installed on the box cover to ensure that the gas in the battery installation compartment can be discharged in time. This design not only helps to maintain the air pressure balance inside the box, but also ensures that the fire extinguishing fluid is smoothly delivered to the battery installation compartment, effectively suppressing the spread of fire, thereby further enhancing the safety of the battery box.

[0026] The above-listed beneficial effects are not exhaustive of all advantages. Other potential beneficial effects and detailed technical implementations will be further disclosed in the examples or other description parts of this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] After reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, you will better understand the various aspects of the present disclosure. The positions, sizes, and ranges of various structures shown in the accompanying drawings sometimes do not represent the actual positions, sizes, and ranges. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment disclosed in this application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cover plate in an embodiment disclosed in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be presented in a variety of different ways and is not limited to the embodiments described below; in fact, the embodiments described below are intended to make the disclosure of the present disclosure more complete and fully illustrate the scope of protection of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide more additional embodiments.

[0030] It should be understood that the same reference numerals represent the same elements throughout the drawings. In the drawings, the dimensions of certain features may be distorted for clarity.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. All terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in the specification have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. For the sake of brevity and / or clarity, the techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification.

[0032] The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the specification include plural forms unless clearly indicated. The terms "include", "comprise" and "contain" used in the specification indicate the presence of the claimed features, but do not exclude the presence of one or more other features. The term "and / or" used in the specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items. Example

[0033] Refer to the attached Figure 1 and 2 In this embodiment, the overall structure of the battery box 1 consists of a box body 1 with an opening at the upper end, a cover plate 2 sealing the upper end of the box body, and a fire extinguishing assembly 3 located on the side of the box body 1. The box body 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material with a thickness of 5 mm to ensure that it has excellent strength and durability when subjected to mechanical impact and environmental corrosion. The interior of the box body 1 is designed as a modular structure, and a plurality of insulation panels 4 are arranged inside. These insulation panels 4 adopt a hollow sandwich structure, and the material is selected from high-efficiency insulation ceramic fiber with a thickness of 10 mm, which can effectively divide the interior of the box body 1 into several independent battery areas. One or more groups of lithium battery modules are installed in each area, and the battery modules are separated by a guide spacer 9 (a gap of 1-3 cm) to ensure that the gas between the areas can flow freely to prevent the spread of fire caused by local overheating.

[0034] The cover plate 2 and the box body 1 are tightly matched through an efficient sealing ring to form a completely sealed battery installation compartment 5. The upper surface of the cover plate 2 is covered with a flame-retardant heat-insulating layer 10 made of high-performance ceramic-based composite materials, with a thickness of 5 mm, which further enhances the protection ability of the cover plate 2 in a high-temperature environment. The cover plate 2 is provided with cooling chamber groups 7 and 8, and a flow channel 6 system. The cooling chamber group is composed of a liquid inlet chamber 7 and a reflux chamber 8 separated from each other, and a copper pipe with high thermal conductivity is used for liquid circulation. The liquid inlet chamber 7 is located above the cover plate 2. The coolant (such as a propylene glycol-based coolant) first enters the liquid inlet chamber 7 for temporary storage and preliminary cooling. After absorbing the heat generated by the battery, the coolant flows to the reflux chamber 8, where it is temporarily stored again and the cooling process is completed. The cooperation between the liquid inlet chamber 7 and the reflux chamber 8 forms a nearly complete layer of heat-insulating layer 10 inside the cover plate 2, effectively reducing the upward conduction of heat, delaying the time for the cover plate 2 to be burned through by high temperature, and providing a longer time window for escape in an emergency.

[0035] The fire extinguishing assembly 3 is installed on the side of the box 1, and includes a pressure-resistant storage tank 3 and a pump body 3 connected thereto. The pressure-resistant storage tank 3 is made of high-strength composite materials and can safely store anhydrous fire extinguishing liquid under high pressure. The storage tank capacity is 5 liters, which can meet the needs of one-time fire extinguishing. The pump body 3 is made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant stainless steel and is connected to the cover plate 2 through a pressure-resistant pipe to ensure that the fire extinguishing liquid can be quickly transported to the inside of the cover plate 2 under high temperature or fire conditions. The pipe connection adopts a quick lock design to ensure that the fire extinguishing liquid can be quickly opened and released in an emergency.

[0036] The flow channel system 6 under the cover plate 2 is designed with multiple spray holes, which are blocked by tin-lead alloy under normal conditions to maintain a sealed state and prevent leakage of the fire extinguishing liquid. At least one hydraulic sensor is installed in the flow channel system 6, which can monitor the hydraulic changes in the flow channel in real time. When the temperature inside the battery rises abnormally, causing the fire extinguishing liquid to be released through the spray hole, the hydraulic pressure in the flow channel 6 will drop rapidly. After the hydraulic sensor detects that the hydraulic pressure is lower than the set threshold, it immediately sends a signal to the pump body 3, starts the pump body 3 and quickly pumps the fire extinguishing liquid in the storage tank 3 into the cover plate 2. The fire extinguishing liquid is evenly sprayed to the thermal runaway area of ​​the battery through the spray hole 6, forming a covering fire extinguishing layer, which quickly reduces the temperature and suppresses the spread of flames, thereby effectively preventing the spread of the fire.

[0037] The design of the cooling chamber groups 7 and 8 further enhances the safety performance of the battery box 1. The liquid inlet chamber 7 and the reflux chamber 8 are connected by a high thermal conductivity copper pipe. After the coolant is temporarily stored in the liquid inlet chamber 7 and absorbs heat from the battery, it flows to the reflux chamber 8 for secondary cooling. The heat insulation layer 10 formed between the liquid inlet chamber 7 and the reflux chamber 8 is located in the area close to the top surface of the cover plate 2, which effectively blocks the upward conduction of heat and prevents the cover plate 2 from failing prematurely due to high temperature. The design principle of the cooling chamber groups 7 and 8 is based on heat exchange and liquid circulation. By continuously circulating the coolant, the internal temperature of the cover plate 2 is maintained stable, the durability of the cover plate 2 in a high temperature environment is extended, and the thermal management capability of the overall battery box 1 is improved.

[0038] In actual application, when the battery temperature of a new energy vehicle rises sharply due to overcharging, short circuit or external impact during driving, the temperature is first adjusted by the circulation system of the cooling chamber group 7 and 8. The coolant is temporarily stored in the liquid inlet chamber 7, and after absorbing the heat generated by the battery through the high thermal conductivity copper pipe, it flows to the reflux chamber 8 for secondary cooling, and returns to the liquid inlet chamber 7 again to complete a complete cooling cycle. In this process, the coolant circulates continuously, continuously reducing the overall temperature inside the box 1 to prevent the battery temperature from being too high. However, when the battery temperature reaches the preset thermal runaway threshold, causing the battery to thermally runaway, the temperature inside the cover plate 2 continues to rise, and finally triggers the nozzle 6 in the flow channel system 6 to be melted by the tin-lead alloy and opened. At this time, the hydraulic pressure in the flow channel 6 drops rapidly, and the hydraulic sensor detects that the hydraulic pressure is lower than the set threshold, and immediately sends a start signal to the pump body 3. After receiving the signal, the pump body 3 quickly pumps the fire extinguishing liquid in the storage tank 3 into the cover plate 2 through a high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant pipe. The fire extinguishing liquid is evenly sprayed to the battery thermal runaway area through the spray hole 6. The components in the fire extinguishing liquid, such as propylene glycol, sodium tripolyphosphate and boric acid, quickly absorb heat and inhibit combustion, quickly reduce the temperature of the fire source and chemically inhibit the spread of flames. The fire extinguishing liquid forms a covering fire extinguishing layer in the battery thermal runaway area, blocking the supply of oxygen and preventing the further spread of the fire. At the same time, by absorbing a large amount of heat, it quickly cools the fire source area, ensuring that the fire is effectively controlled and extinguished in the early stages.

[0039] In addition, the insulating vertical plate 4 inside the box 1 effectively isolates each battery area through the application of a hollow sandwich structure and high-efficiency insulating ceramic fiber, preventing the fire from spreading from one area to other areas. A guide gap 9 (1-3 cm) is left between the upper edge of the insulating vertical plate 4 and the cover plate 2 to ensure the free flow of gas between the areas and avoid local overheating caused by gas retention. In addition, a normally closed pressure relief valve is set on the cover plate 2 and connected to the battery installation compartment 5. The pressure relief valve remains closed under normal circumstances to prevent internal gas leakage. When the internal pressure of the battery system is too high, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to discharge excess gas, ensuring the stability of the internal pressure of the box 1 and preventing structural damage caused by excessive pressure. At the same time, the design of the pressure relief valve ensures that the fire extinguishing liquid can flow into the battery installation compartment 5 sequentially and orderly, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the fire extinguishing process.

[0040] The flame retardant heat insulation layer 10 on the upper surface of the cover plate 2 is made of a ceramic-based composite material, which has excellent heat insulation and flame retardant properties, further improving the protection capability of the cover plate 2 in a high temperature environment. The flame retardant heat insulation layer can not only effectively isolate the external heat source, but also maintain structural stability in a high temperature environment, is not easily burned through, and delays further deterioration of the fire.

[0041] The specific formula of the fire extinguishing fluid uses an anhydrous fire extinguishing fluid, which is composed of the following ingredients: propylene glycol (20-30%), sodium tripolyphosphate (10-20%), boric acid (5-15%), sodium chloride (5-15%), aluminum oxide powder (15-25%), non-ionic surfactant (3-7%), magnesium oxide (3-7%), calcium oxide (10-20%) and benzotriazole (0.5-1%). Among them, propylene glycol, as the main solvent, has a high boiling point and low toxicity, and can provide a significant cooling effect in a high temperature environment, and quickly reduce the temperature of the fire source by absorbing heat. Sodium tripolyphosphate and boric acid work together to inhibit the combustion chain reaction, further reduce the temperature of the fire source and block the spread of flames. Sodium chloride covers the fire source, isolates oxygen, and enhances the fire extinguishing effect. Alumina and magnesium oxide, as efficient heat-absorbing materials, quickly absorb a large amount of heat, and prevent oxygen from entering by forming a physical barrier to stabilize the fire source area. Non-ionic surfactants help the fire extinguishing fluid to be evenly distributed on the burning surface, forming a protective film to ensure a long-lasting fire extinguishing effect. Calcium oxide acts as a stabilizer to maintain the chemical stability of the fire extinguishing fluid, while benzotriazole extends the shelf life of the fire extinguishing fluid, ensuring that it still has efficient fire extinguishing performance when used.

[0042] During the entire fire extinguishing process, the design of the insulation vertical plate 4 and the guide spacer 9 ensures that the fire extinguishing liquid can be evenly distributed in each battery area, avoiding local overheating and uneven fire extinguishing effect caused by concentrated spraying of the fire extinguishing liquid. At the same time, the setting of the normally closed pressure relief valve ensures that the internal pressure of the box 1 will not rise sharply during the fire extinguishing process, maintaining the integrity and safety of the structure of the box 1. The application of the flame-retardant insulation layer 10 further enhances the protection ability of the cover plate 2, ensuring that the cover plate 2 can maintain structural stability in a high temperature environment, is not easy to be burned through, and delays the further deterioration of the fire.

[0043] Through the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, the battery box 1 of the present invention has achieved a comprehensive upgrade from passive protection to active control in design. The design of the heat-insulating vertical plate 4 and the cooling chamber groups 7 and 8 effectively prevents the concentration and diffusion of heat. The coordinated work of the hydraulic sensor and the pump body 3 ensures the timeliness and efficiency of the fire extinguishing process. The normally closed pressure relief valve and the flame-retardant insulation layer 10 further enhance the overall protection performance. These designs not only significantly improve the safety and reliability of the new energy vehicle battery system, but also meet the high standards for battery safety of modern new energy vehicles, and have broad application prospects and market value.

[0044] In summary, the battery box 1 described in this embodiment achieves rapid response and efficient fire extinguishing in the case of battery thermal runaway through precise structural design and efficient fire extinguishing system, greatly improving the safety of new energy vehicle battery system. The battery box 1 can not only effectively manage the battery temperature under normal operating conditions to prevent overheating, but also take active measures quickly in emergency situations to ensure that the fire risk is effectively controlled and extinguished, and to ensure the safety of the vehicle and passengers.

[0045] Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure in essence. Therefore, all changes and modifications are included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. The present disclosure is defined by the appended claims, and the equivalents of these claims are also included.

Claims

1. A battery box, characterized in that: The battery box includes a box body with an opening at the upper end, a box cover sealing the upper end of the box body, and a fire extinguishing assembly located on the side of the box body, and the box cover cooperates with the box body to form a sealed battery installation compartment; In the above, the fire extinguishing assembly for realizing battery fire extinguishing includes a pressure-resistant storage tank storing lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid and a pump body connected to the inside of the pressure-resistant storage tank, the pump body is connected to the tank cover through a pipeline, and is used to deliver the lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid into the tank cover; In the above, the box cover is used to transfer coolant and receive lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid and spray it to the thermal runaway area of ​​the box body. The box cover is provided with a cooling chamber group located at the top and a flow channel located at the bottom. A plurality of spray holes are provided between the flow channel and the bottom surface of the box cover. The spray holes are blocked by tin-lead alloy so that the spray holes are normally sealed. At the same time, at least one hydraulic sensor is also provided in the flow channel. After the spray hole is turned on, the hydraulic pressure in the flow channel decreases. When the hydraulic sensor senses that the threshold data has been crossed, it triggers the pump body in the fire extinguishing assembly to work. In the above, the cooling chamber group is composed of a liquid inlet chamber and a return chamber separated from each other. A heat insulation layer close to the top surface is formed on the box cover through the liquid inlet chamber and the return chamber, thereby reducing the heat conduction upward from the box cover and delaying the time for the box cover to be burned through, thereby increasing the escape time.

2. A battery box as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The box body is provided with heat-insulating vertical plates for separating the battery modules, and the heat-insulating vertical plates divide the box body into several areas, each of which is equipped with one or more groups of batteries.

3. A battery box as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper edge of the heat-insulating vertical plate is spaced 1-3 cm from the box cover to allow gas to circulate between the various areas.

4. A battery box as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The heat-insulating vertical panels are hollow sandwich panels.

5. A battery box as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate is provided with a normally closed pressure relief valve connected to the battery installation compartment. The pressure relief valve is used to discharge the gas in the battery installation compartment to ensure that the lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid can be sequentially delivered into the battery installation compartment.

6. A battery box as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the cover plate is provided with a flame retardant heat insulation layer, which further improves the smoldering heat insulation capability of the cover plate.

7. A battery box as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery fire extinguishing liquid is an anhydrous fire extinguishing liquid.

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