Non-contact type double-layer self-diversion efficient waterproof electric spindle special for aluminum plate machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-contact double-layer self-diversion efficient waterproof electric spindle special for an aluminum plate machine, which comprises a machine body, a stator coil and a rotor shaft are arranged in the machine body, and the front end and the rear end of the rotor shaft are rotationally arranged in the machine body through a front bearing pack and a rear bearing pack respectively; the outer side of an inner ring of the front bearing pack is locked through a locking nut, and the outer side of an outer ring is connected with the front cover; an inner ring of the rear bearing pack is installed on the rotor shaft through a gland, and the rear bearing pack is further connected with an elastic pre-tightening structure. A complex contact type sealing structure is abandoned, non-contact type sealing is adopted, and friction is avoided; a double-layer sealing structure is arranged, so that water mist generated by an external complex environment during machining of the aluminum plate machine can be effectively prevented from invading, the machining precision is ensured, and the service life is prolonged; the rotor shaft expands and contracts slightly due to thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature change in the operation process, and the elastic pre-tightening structure ensures that the bearing can keep a certain pre-tightening force in the thermal expansion and contraction process of the rotor shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a special electric spindle for a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine. Background Art

[0002] The high-speed electric spindle is a mechatronic power component that has a built-in spindle motor to achieve functions such as high speed, high precision and high efficiency. It is mainly used in high-speed machining machine tools to achieve high-speed machining of different materials and improve machining efficiency.

[0003] At present, the electric spindles used in aluminum plate machines on the market are all conventional engraving machine electric spindles. The characteristics of aluminum plate machines are high speed, particularly large water mist and harsh environment, long continuous processing time and short service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, which specifically relate to a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle, which is an essential electric spindle for aluminum plate milling and aluminum plate engraving, and belongs to the field of electromechanical engineering: A non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle, comprising a machine body, wherein a stator coil and a rotor shaft are arranged in the machine body, and the front and rear ends of the rotor shaft are rotatably arranged inside the machine body through a front bearing group and a rear bearing group respectively; the outer side of the inner ring of the front bearing group is locked by a locking nut, and the outer side of the outer ring is connected to the front cover; the inner ring of the rear bearing group is installed on the rotor shaft through a pressure cover, and the rear bearing group is also connected to an elastic preload structure; A fixing seat is arranged at one end of the machine body, and an end cover is arranged at the other end, and a labyrinth gap is formed between the end cover and the locking nut; a front inner spacer and a front outer spacer are arranged between the first front bearing and the second front bearing, and a front cover is arranged at one end of the end cover away from the fixing seat, and a cone sleeve is arranged at one end of the front cover away from the end cover; A water inlet joint and a water outlet joint are arranged on the fixing seat, and a spiral cooling channel is formed in the fixing seat, the machine body, the end cover, and the cone sleeve. The water inlet joint is connected with the water outlet joint through the cooling channel.

[0006] As described above, the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle: the labyrinth gap and the front cover are matched, and the secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover installed on the end cover is made of non-metallic material to form a non-contact water-blocking structure; the secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover and the primary water retaining and collecting guide cover are both formed with guide holes, and the primary water retaining and collecting guide cover is also formed with a collection groove.

[0007] As described above, the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle: the locking nut is non-contactly installed with a secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover at one end away from the fixed seat, and a primary water retaining and collecting guide cover is non-contactly installed on the outside of the secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover.

[0008] The non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle as described above: the elastic pre-tightening structure includes a spring seat, a spring, and an adjustment gasket. The spring seat is fixedly installed at a position of the machine body close to the fixed seat by screws, and a dust cover is installed at one end of the machine body near the installation of the spring seat. The second rear bearing is abutted against the side of the first rear bearing with an adjustment gasket, one end of the adjustment gasket is in contact with one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the spring seat.

[0009] As described above, the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle: the stator coil is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor shaft and connected to the inside of the machine body; the front bearing group includes a first front bearing and a second front bearing, and the rear bearing group includes a first rear bearing and a second rear bearing.

[0010] As described above, for the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle: an annular groove O-ring is also provided between the outer periphery of the cone sleeve and the end cover, and the cooling channel is wrapped between the rotor shaft and the stator coil.

[0011] As described above, the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle: an aviation socket is provided at one end of the rotor shaft close to the fixed seat, and the aviation socket is fixed on the fixed seat; an elastic collet is installed at one end of the rotor shaft away from the fixed seat, and a tool is clamped on the elastic collet, and the tool is locked on the elastic collet by a high-precision high-speed nut.

[0012] The non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle as described above: the water inlet joint is connected to the coolant pump, and the coolant is water-activated low-viscosity oil; the gland is tightened between the rotor shaft and the inner ring of the rear bearing group by the locking screw.

[0013] As for the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine-specific electric spindle as described above: the outer periphery of one end of the cooling flow channel close to the end cover and close to the fixing seat is respectively provided with a first water channel O-type sealing ring and a second water channel O-type sealing ring.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the electric spindle for aluminum plate machine abandons the complex contact sealing structure, the general labyrinth seal cannot guarantee the waterproof effect in the harsh environment, and adopts the novel non-contact seal, which is frictionless, prolongs the service life, has small vibration, high operation precision, and can obtain a higher spindle speed, and runs at high speed under the condition of bearing grease lubrication, and adopts the non-contact double-layer collection self-guiding seal plus labyrinth seal to obtain better sealing effect; The spindle has a simple and compact structure but powerful functions. While rotating at high speed, it can effectively prevent the intrusion of water mist generated by the complex external environment during aluminum plate machining, ensuring its machining accuracy and extending its service life. The special electric spindle of the present invention does not require any special materials or processes in its manufacture, has low cost and reliable performance, can be widely used in high-speed processing of various materials, and is particularly suitable for processing deep hole cavity parts.

[0015] The rotor shaft expands and contracts due to temperature changes during operation, causing the shaft core to lengthen and shorten slightly. The elastic preload structure ensures that the bearing can maintain a certain preload force during the thermal expansion and contraction of the rotor shaft, so that the rotor shaft can operate normally during high-speed processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine's dedicated electric spindle.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0020] In the figure: 1. aviation socket; 2. water inlet joint; 3. fixing seat; 4. protective cover; 5. pressure cover; 6. first rear bearing; 7. rear inner spacer; 8. rear outer spacer; 9. body; 10. second rear bearing; 11. adjusting gasket; 12. spring; 13. spring seat; 14. rotor shaft; 15. stator coil; 16. end cover; 17. first front bearing; 18. front inner spacer; 19. front outer spacer; 20. second front bearing; 21. front cover; 22. locking nut; 23. annular groove O-ring; 24. cone sleeve; 25. secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover; 26. primary water retaining and collecting guide cover; 27. elastic collet; 28. high-precision and high-speed nut; 29. ​​tool; 30. first water channel O-ring; 31. second water channel O-ring; 32. water outlet joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] See also Figure 1~Figure 4 As an embodiment of the present invention, the non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle includes a body 9, wherein a stator coil 15 and a rotor shaft 14 are arranged in the body 9, wherein the stator coil 15 is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor shaft 14 and connected to the inside of the body 9; The front and rear ends of the rotor shaft 14 are rotatably arranged inside the body 9 through a front bearing group and a rear bearing group respectively, and the front bearing group includes a first front bearing 17 and a second front bearing 20; the outer sides of the inner rings of the first front bearing 17 and the second front bearing 20 are locked by a locking nut 22, and the outer sides of the outer rings are connected to the front cover 21; The rear bearing group includes a first rear bearing 6 and a second rear bearing 10, and the inner rings of the first rear bearing 6 and the second rear bearing 10 are mounted on the rotor shaft 14 through a gland 5; The body 9 is provided with a fixing seat 3 at one end and an end cover 16 at the other end; A front inner spacer 18 and a front outer spacer 19 are arranged between the first front bearing 17 and the second front bearing 20; a front cover 21 is arranged at one end of the end cover 16 away from the fixing seat 3; a cone sleeve 24 is arranged at one end of the front cover 21 away from the end cover 16; an annular groove O-type sealing ring 23 is also arranged between the cone sleeve 24 and the outer periphery of the end cover 16; The fixing seat 3 is provided with a water inlet joint 2 and a water outlet joint 32. The fixing seat 3, the body 9, the end cover 16, and the cone sleeve 24 together form a spiral cooling channel. The water inlet joint 2 is connected to the water outlet joint 32 through the cooling channel, and the cooling channel is wrapped between the rotor shaft 14 and the stator coil 15. The front inner spacer 18 and the front outer spacer 19 are both connected to the front cover 21 and the locking nut 22 to form a double-layer non-contact sealing structure. The locking nut is used to lock the inner ring of the front bearing group so that the front bearing group can withstand axial force and radial force.

[0023] The present invention abandons conventional contact sealing and has a simpler structure. Moreover, due to the adoption of non-contact double-layer sealing means, a higher spindle speed can be obtained, compressed air is not required, and energy saving is significant.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, an aviation socket 1 is provided at one end of the rotor shaft 14 close to the fixed seat 3, and the aviation socket 1 is fixed on the fixed seat 3. An elastic collet 27 is installed at one end of the rotor shaft 14 away from the fixed seat 3. A tool 29 is clamped on the elastic collet 27, and the tool 29 is locked on the elastic collet 27 by a high-precision high-speed nut 28 for cutting processing.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, a spring seat 13 is fixedly installed at a position of the body 9 close to the fixing seat 3 by screws, and a dust cover 4 is installed at one end of the body 9 close to the spring seat 13. An adjusting gasket 11 is abutted on the side of the second rear bearing 11 facing away from the first rear bearing 6, one end of the adjusting gasket 11 abuts against one end of the spring 12, and the other end of the spring 12 abuts against the spring seat 13; the spring seat 13, the spring 12, and the adjusting gasket 11 form an elastic pre-tightening structure for ensuring that the pre-tightening force of the rear bearing group meets the requirements. If the pre-tightening force is insufficient, the gap can be adjusted by relying on the adjusting gasket 11.

[0026] The dust cover 4 can prevent unclean air and dust from entering the rear bearing assembly.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, a secondary water retaining and collecting deflector 25 is non-contactly mounted on one end of the locking nut 22 away from the fixing seat 3 , and a primary water retaining and collecting deflector 26 is non-contactly mounted outside the secondary water retaining and collecting deflector 25 .

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, a labyrinth gap is formed between the end cover 16 and the locking nut 22, and the labyrinth gap cooperates with the front cover 21 to prevent water vapor and dust from entering the front bearing group in a harsh environment; wherein the labyrinth gap acts as a labyrinth sealing structure, which serves as a third line of defense to strictly prevent dust particles from entering the front bearing group; the secondary water retaining and collecting shroud 25 installed on the end cover 16 is made of non-metallic material to form a non-contact water-blocking structure, which serves as a second line of defense for collecting water mist; In detail, flow guide holes are formed on the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 25 and the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 26, and a collection groove is also formed on the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 26. The purpose of using non-metallic materials for the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 25 is to reduce the gap between it and the high-speed rotating rotor shaft 14, and the water mist forms water droplets in the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 25 and is discharged through the flow guide holes to prevent the water vapor from overflowing from the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 26; the water vapor overflowing from the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 26 into the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 25 forms water droplets in the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 25 and is discharged through the flow guide holes to the collection groove on the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover 26.

[0029] The primary water-blocking and collecting deflector 26 can block most of the dust and water vapor, and there are two deflection holes, which are cross-arranged. This arrangement can not only prevent external water vapor from entering, but also allow internal water droplets to be discharged. The structure is unique and novel, and the waterproof and dustproof effect is good.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the water inlet joint 2 is connected to a coolant pump, and the coolant is water-activated low-viscosity oil; the pressure cover 5 presses the rotor shaft 14 and the inner ring of the rear bearing group through a locking screw to prevent axial movement of the rear bearing group.

[0031] The outer periphery of one end of the cooling channel close to the end cover 16 and close to the fixing seat 3 is respectively provided with a first water channel O-type sealing ring 30 and a second water channel O-type sealing ring 31 .

[0032] The present invention abandons the complex contact sealing structure and adopts a non-contact double-layer high-efficiency collection and diversion device, which can achieve a higher spindle speed without the use of compressed air and save energy significantly. In addition, the double-layer high-efficiency sealing self-collecting and self-draining sealing structure is adopted, which has a compact structure, good waterproof effect and significant energy saving.

[0033] The coolant flows in from the water inlet joint 2 on the fixing seat 3, enters the end cover 16 after passing through the spiral cooling channel, and then is discharged from the water outlet joint 32 through another spiral cooling flow, realizing system circulation cooling. It can not only cool the rotor shaft 14, but also cool the stator coil 15, the front bearing group, and the rear bearing group.

[0034] The spacer set can ensure that the front and rear group bearings are evenly stressed, and the labyrinth gap can well block dust particles and ensure sealing reliability; the secondary water-blocking and collecting guide cover 25 and the primary water-blocking and collecting guide cover 26 can prevent aluminum chips generated by aluminum plate processing and most of the water mist generated by high-speed rotation. Even if part of the water mist enters through the labyrinth gap, it will quickly form water droplets into the collection tank of the primary water-blocking and collecting guide cover 26 under the action of the secondary water-blocking and collecting guide cover 25, and then be discharged by itself. The cross-guide holes can not only discharge the water droplets formed by the water mist by themselves, but also prevent the water mist from entering directly.

[0035] The benefits of the present invention are as follows: (1) The special electric spindle for aluminum plate machine abandons the complex contact sealing structure. The general labyrinth seal cannot guarantee the waterproof effect in harsh environment, and a novel non-contact seal is used. It is frictionless, has a longer service life, has low vibration, high operating precision, and can obtain a higher spindle speed. When the bearing is lubricated with grease, the speed can reach more than 36,000 rpm. The non-contact double-layer collection self-guiding seal plus the labyrinth seal obtains a better sealing effect; (2) The spindle structure is simple and compact but powerful. While rotating at high speed, it can effectively prevent the intrusion of water mist generated by the complex external environment during aluminum plate machine processing, thereby ensuring its processing accuracy and extending its service life; (3) The special electric spindle of the present invention does not require special materials or processes in its manufacturing, has low cost and reliable performance, can be widely used in high-speed processing of various materials, and is particularly suitable for the processing of deep hole cavity parts.

[0036] The rotor shaft 14 expands and contracts due to temperature changes during operation, causing the shaft core to lengthen and shorten slightly. The elastic preload structure ensures that the bearing can maintain a certain preload force during the thermal expansion and contraction of the rotor shaft, so that the rotor shaft can operate normally during high-speed processing.

[0037] The above embodiments are exemplary rather than restrictive, so the technical solutions of the present invention that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention are all included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle, comprising a machine body (9), wherein a stator coil (15) and a rotor shaft (14) are arranged inside the machine body (9), and the front and rear ends of the rotor shaft (14) are rotatably arranged inside the machine body (9) through a front bearing group and a rear bearing group, respectively, and characterized in that: The outer side of the inner ring of the front bearing group is locked by a locking nut (22), and the outer side of the outer ring is connected to the front cover (21); the inner ring of the rear bearing group is installed on the rotor shaft (14) through a pressure cover (5), and the rear bearing group is also connected to an elastic preload structure; A fixing seat (3) is disposed at one end of the machine body (9), and an end cover (16) is disposed at the other end, a labyrinth-like gap being formed between the end cover (16) and the locking nut (22); a front inner spacer (18) and a front outer spacer (19) are disposed between the front bearing group, a front cover (21) is disposed at one end of the end cover (16) away from the fixing seat (3), and a cone sleeve (24) is disposed at one end of the front cover (21) away from the end cover (16); A water inlet joint (2) and a water outlet joint (32) are provided on the fixing seat (3); a spiral cooling flow channel is formed in the fixing seat (3), the machine body (9), the end cover (16), and the cone sleeve (24); and the water inlet joint (2) is connected to the water outlet joint (32) via the cooling flow channel.

2. According to claim 1, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: The labyrinth-type gap cooperates with the front cover (21), and the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover (25) installed on the end cover (16) is made of non-metallic material to form a non-contact water-blocking structure; both the secondary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover (25) and the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover (26) are formed with flow guide holes, and the primary water retaining and collecting flow guide cover (26) is also formed with a collection groove.

3. According to claim 2, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: A secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover (25) is non-contactly mounted on one end of the locking nut (22) facing away from the fixing seat (3), and a primary water retaining and collecting guide cover (26) is non-contactly mounted outside the secondary water retaining and collecting guide cover (25).

4. According to claim 1, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: The elastic preload structure comprises a spring seat (13), a spring (12), and an adjustment gasket (11); the spring seat (13) is fixedly mounted on the body (9) at a position close to the fixing seat (3) by means of screws, and a dust cover (4) is mounted on one end of the body (9) close to the spring seat (13); an adjustment gasket (11) is abutted against one side of the rear bearing group, one end of the adjustment gasket (11) abuts against one end of the spring (12), and the other end of the spring (12) abuts against the spring seat (13).

5. According to claim 1, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: The stator coil (15) is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor shaft (14) and is connected to the interior of the machine body (9); the front bearing group includes a first front bearing (17) and a second front bearing (20), and the rear bearing group includes a first rear bearing (6) and a second rear bearing (10).

6. According to claim 5, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: An annular groove O-type sealing ring (23) is also provided between the outer periphery of the cone sleeve (24) and the end cover (16), and the cooling channel is wrapped between the rotor shaft (14) and the stator coil (15).

7. According to claim 1, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: An aviation socket (1) is provided at one end of the rotor shaft (14) close to the fixing seat (3), and the aviation socket (1) is fixed on the fixing seat (3). An elastic collet (27) is installed at one end of the rotor shaft (14) away from the fixing seat (3), and a tool (29) is clamped on the elastic collet (27). The tool (29) is locked on the elastic collet (27) via a high-precision high-speed nut (28).

8. According to claim 3, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: The water inlet joint (2) is connected to a coolant pump, and the coolant is water-activated low-viscosity oil; the gland (5) is used to tighten the rotor shaft (14) and the inner ring of the rear bearing assembly via a locking screw.

9. According to claim 3, a non-contact double-layer self-guiding high-efficiency waterproof aluminum plate machine dedicated electric spindle is characterized in that: A first water channel O-type sealing ring (30) and a second water channel O-type sealing ring (31) are respectively provided on the outer periphery of one end of the cooling channel close to the end cover (16) and close to the fixing seat (3).

Images