Portable tree health degree detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable tree health degree detection device and method, the portable tree health degree detection device comprises a measurement assembly, a probe and a controller, the measurement assembly comprises supporting and fixing units and flexible telescopic units, and the multiple supporting and fixing units are mutually connected through the flexible telescopic units to form a closed-loop structure; the adjusting block is sleeved in an adjusting hole in the adjusting plate in a sliding manner and can be locked; the supporting sleeve is fixed to the adjusting block in a penetrating mode, and the inner end of the supporting sleeve extends into the closed-loop-shaped structure so that a plurality of positioning supporting points which surround the periphery of the trunk and are adjustable in position can be formed. The outer end of the supporting sleeve faces outwards, internal threads are arranged in the supporting sleeve, and the probe is assembled in the supporting sleeve in a threaded mode and penetrates into a positioning supporting point formed by the supporting sleeve and the periphery of a tree trunk in a threaded propelling mode. The device is simple and rapid to operate and clear in result, the growth health condition of the tree is reflected by measuring the change condition of the physiological signal of the tree trunk, and the measurement precision and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forestry information detection, and in particular to a portable tree health detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] Tree health testing refers to the evaluation and diagnosis of the physiological condition of trees through a series of technical means and methods to determine their health status. The test content usually includes a comprehensive evaluation of the growth status, nutrient supply, pest and disease conditions, and internal structure of the tree. Through scientific testing methods, tree health problems can be discovered early, and corresponding management and protection measures can be taken in time, thereby extending the life cycle of trees and ensuring the quality of the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, the strength of trees is generally judged by observing the appearance of trees, including bark, crown density, the state of leaves and branches, leaf color and damage, etc. This method is simple and intuitive, but it is highly subjective and easily affected by the experience of the inspector and environmental factors. It has certain limitations, and there is a time lag between the external intuitive symptoms of plants and their internal physiological conditions. Some trees that are judged to be strong in growth may suddenly die. When a tree suffers from a serious leaf-eating disease, changes in the physiological condition of the crown will not be manifested until 5 days later, and the reaction is quite slow.

[0004] Some methods involve drilling wood core samples from tree trunks and conducting laboratory analysis to assess their physiological and pathological characteristics. This method can obtain relatively accurate data, but it causes certain trauma to the trees, and the operation is complicated and time-consuming. Another method is to use ultrasonic equipment to emit and receive sound waves to detect the internal structure and defects of trees. Although this method can detect the internal conditions of trees without damage, the equipment is relatively expensive, the operation requires professional skills, and it is greatly affected by environmental noise.

[0005] Studies have shown that when plants are affected by adversity, the metabolic activities of various cells and tissues of the plants become unstable, which is bound to be reflected in the physiological electrical characteristics; usually several days earlier than the symptoms appear. The intuitive characteristics of trees can only reflect the past life activities in quantity, and only physiological electrical parameters can measure the state of the trees at that time in advance.

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to study a portable tree health detection device to conveniently measure the changing trends of abnormal electrical signals of trees and related electrical indicators, and then quantitatively evaluate the physiological growth status of trees under adverse stress. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable tree health detection device and detection method, which effectively solves the problem that existing trees cannot be detected early under adverse stress, and can conveniently and accurately quantify the health vitality of different trees in different environments, so as to overcome the difficulty in the existing technology to quickly and non-destructively quantify the health status of plants.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a portable tree health detection device, including a measuring component, a probe and a controller, the measuring component including a supporting and fixing unit and a flexible telescopic unit, a plurality of supporting and fixing units are interconnected through the flexible telescopic unit to form a closed-loop structure; the supporting and fixing unit includes an adjusting plate, an adjusting block and a supporting sleeve; a transverse adjusting hole is provided on the adjusting plate, the adjusting block is slidably sleeved in the adjusting hole and can be locked; the supporting sleeve is fixed on the adjusting block, and its inner end extends into the closed-loop structure to form a plurality of positioning support points surrounding the periphery of the trunk and adjustable in position; the outer end of the supporting sleeve faces outward, and an internal thread is provided inside it, the probe is threadedly assembled in the supporting sleeve, and penetrates into the positioning support point formed by the supporting sleeve and the periphery of the trunk in a threaded manner; the tail of the probe extends out of the sleeve and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the flexible telescopic unit is an elastic band or a spring group made of flexible material, and both ends of the flexible telescopic unit are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the adjustment plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the measuring probe comprises two copper probes with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 50 mm; and scale lines are respectively provided on the measuring probes.

[0011] Furthermore, connecting plates are respectively provided on adjacent sides of the adjustment plates of the supporting and fixing units at the head and tail positions, and screw holes are provided on the connecting plates. When the measuring assembly is wrapped around the tree, the adjacent connecting plates are fixed together by bolts to form a closed-loop structure support wrapped around the tree trunk.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting column is provided on the top of the adjusting plate near the connecting plate, and a soft ruler is mounted on the connecting column. When the measuring assembly is fixedly mounted on the tree trunk, the trunk diameter at breast height can be measured by wrapping the soft ruler around the tree trunk.

[0013] Furthermore, the measuring assembly is mounted on the tree trunk at a position 1.3 m above the ground, and when in use, two adjacent measuring assemblies in the vertical direction are connected together through a telescopic unit, so that two measuring probes are respectively installed in sleeves of measuring assemblies at different heights at the same axial position.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic unit includes an outer sleeve rod and an inner sleeve rod, the inner sleeve rod is matched and sleeved in the outer sleeve rod, and the top of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjustment plate of the upper position measuring component, and the outer sleeve rod is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment plate of the lower position measuring component; a limit stop is provided at the port of the outer sleeve rod to prevent the inner sleeve rod from slipping out of the outer sleeve rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment plate is provided with a limit assembly, and the limit assembly includes a pull plate, a limit column, a spring clip and an electromagnet. A top rod is vertically provided at the bottom of the adjustment block, and a limit slot is opened on the adjustment plate below the guide rail. The limit columns are evenly distributed in the limit slots vertically, and their lower ends extend out of the adjustment plate and are fixed to the pull plate; the spring clip is fixedly installed in the active range between the adjustment plate and the pull plate; the electromagnet is symmetrically installed on the bottom surface of the adjustment plate on both sides of the pull plate, and is controlled by a controller, and a magnetic material is provided on the side wall of the pull plate adjacent to the electromagnet; under the action of the electromagnet and the spring clip, the controller can drive the pull plate to drive each limit column to move vertically in the limit slot.

[0016] The present invention also provides a portable tree health detection method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the controller and short-circuit the two measurement probes for open circuit calibration; Step 2: After calibration, fix the measuring assembly on the undamaged vertical pole of the tree to be measured, ensure that the top of the adjustment plate is 1.3m above the ground, measure the DBH of the tree to be measured with a tape measure, and input the measured data into the controller; Step 3: Adjust the positions of the upper and lower measuring components, and screw the probes into the corresponding sleeves respectively, and keep the upper and lower probes on the same vertical axis; Step 4: Twist the two measuring probes so that their heads rotate and insert into the phloem of the tree trunk, transmit a 1 kHz AC signal to the measured tree trunk, and press the button on the controller to measure the impedance of the tree trunk to the signal; Step 5: Select different positions at the same height of the tree trunk and measure multiple times; Step 6: Based on the recorded multiple measurement data, the physiological capacitance value of the trunk is calculated according to the change of impedance value; Step 7: Based on the tree physiological capacitance values ​​measured in the above steps, the relationship between the tree physiological capacitance and the breast diameter is constructed, and a unit capacitance model is established; Step 8: According to the unit capacitance model established in step 7, the unit capacitance value of the tree to be tested is calculated by substituting various parameter values. The unit capacitance value can indirectly reflect the vigorous degree of the tree's metabolic activity, thereby determining the health status of the tree.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 6, the physiological capacitance value of the tree under test is calculated by the following formula: C = -1 / (2πfXc) (1) In the above formula, C represents the physiological capacitance value, f represents the frequency of the AC power supply, and Xc represents the impedance of the trunk under test; The unit capacitance model established in step 7 is: Cx = C / DBH (2) In the above formula, Cx represents the unit capacitance value, C represents the measured capacitance value, and DBH represents the tree diameter at breast height at 1.3m; The unit capacitance value of the tested tree is calculated according to the above formula; the higher the unit capacitance, the better the growth potential of the tree, and if the unit capacitance is lower than 1nF / cm, it is judged that the growth condition of the tree is poor.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: the present invention provides a portable tree health detection device and detection method, which reflects the growth and health status of trees by measuring the changes in physiological signals of tree trunks. The device is simple and fast to operate, the results are clear, and it will not cause harm to trees.

[0019] The device uses the measuring probe to penetrate the support sleeve around the trunk in a threaded manner, rather than directly inserting it into the trunk, avoiding the damage to the tree that may be caused by traditional methods and achieving non-invasive measurement. At the same time, due to the use of multiple positioning support points around the trunk and adjustable positions, it can more comprehensively capture the changes in physiological electrical signals on the surface of the trunk, significantly improving the precision and accuracy of the measurement.

[0020] The present invention adopts a closed-loop structure combining an adjustment plate, an adjustment block and a flexible telescopic unit (such as an elastic band or a spring group), which can automatically adapt to tree trunks of different diameters and shapes and fit closely to the surface of the tree trunk without manual adjustment. The introduction of the flexible telescopic unit not only enhances the flexibility of the device, but also ensures the stability and position fixation of the measuring component on the tree trunk, further improving the measurement accuracy.

[0021] The ball seat design set inside the adjustment block allows the support sleeve to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom rotation, so that the support sleeve can easily adapt to the irregular shape and inclination angle of the trunk surface to form a stable support point, which not only simplifies the operation process, but also improves the stability and reliability during the measurement process, and reduces the measurement error caused by unstable support.

[0022] The support sleeve extends through its inner end into the closed-loop structure formed by the measuring assembly, and is in close contact with the outer circumference of the tree trunk, forming a plurality of positioning support points around the tree trunk with adjustable positions, thereby ensuring the stability of the measuring assembly on the tree trunk and preventing shaking or deviation during the measurement process, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0023] At the same time, fixing the support sleeve in the adjustment block can also prevent the probe from loosening due to external force when the probe penetrates the tree trunk. The stable support also reduces repeated measurements caused by shaking or deviation during the measurement process, further improving work efficiency. The probe scale line can accurately control the depth of the probe inserted into the tree trunk and reduce measurement errors.

[0024] The support sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the measuring probe is assembled in the support sleeve through the thread and can penetrate into the tree trunk by thread advancement. The support sleeve provides a stable guide and support platform for the probe, ensuring that the probe can accurately and stably penetrate into the tree trunk, thereby obtaining accurate measurement data.

[0025] The entire device of the present invention is compact and lightweight, easy to carry and install, and the installation and preparation of the measuring components can be quickly completed through simple adjustment and fixing steps. In addition, since the measurement process does not require complicated operations or cumbersome calibration steps, the detection efficiency can be significantly improved, providing a strong guarantee for the timeliness and effectiveness of tree health management. The present invention can directly display the unit physiological capacitance of the measured trunk by establishing a calculation model and importing the model into a single-chip microcomputer, and setting a reference value to provide guidance and scientific basis for the growth status of the plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment plate; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the regulating block; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting plate; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a soft ruler; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic unit; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the depth of the probe inserted into the tree being tested; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the electrical connection between the measuring component and the controller; Fig. 9 This is the system connection diagram of the controller; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit component.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1-adjustment plate, 2-elastic band, 3-connecting plate, 4-connecting column, 5-screw hole, 6-adjustment hole, 7-guide rail, 8-adjustment block, 9-support sleeve, 10-limiting groove, 11-adjustment cavity, 12-ball seat, 13-soft ruler, 14-perforation, 15-telescopic unit, 16-inner sleeve rod, 17-outer sleeve rod, 18-wire, 19-controller, 20-display screen, 21-indicator light, 22-button, 23-limiting column, 24-top rod, 25-pull plate, 26-electromagnet, 27-shrapnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1. This example aims to provide a portable tree health detection device, which is mainly used to evaluate and detect the physiological growth status of trees under adverse stress. When plants are affected by adversity, the metabolic activities of various cells and tissues are unstable and will react in physiological electrical characteristics. However, since the external intuitive symptoms of plants lag behind their internal physiological conditions in time, physiological electrical parameters can be used to measure the current state of the trees in advance to solve the problem of delayed changes in the physiological condition of the crown.

[0029] In view of the problems of strong subjectivity, high trauma, cumbersome operation, low measurement accuracy and errors in existing tree health detection devices, this embodiment provides a portable tree health detection device, which is based on multiple positioning support points around the periphery of the trunk and can be adjusted in position to measure changes in physiological signals of the tree trunk to reflect the growth and health status of the tree. The detection device is simple and fast to operate, the results are clear, and it will not cause harm to the trees. It significantly improves the accuracy, efficiency and convenience of tree health detection, and provides a scientific and reliable tool for tree health management.

[0030] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the portable tree health detection device provided in this embodiment includes a measuring component, a probe and a controller. The measuring component includes a supporting and fixing unit and a flexible and retractable unit. A plurality of supporting and fixing units are interconnected through the flexible and retractable units to form a closed loop structure. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the supporting and fixing unit includes an adjusting plate 1, an adjusting block 8 and a supporting sleeve 9, etc., wherein the adjusting plate can be an arc-shaped structure or a square structure. In this embodiment, the adjusting plate is an arc-shaped structure, which is used to be arranged on the periphery of the trunk to adapt to trunks of different shapes and diameters, so as to better provide support and position adjustment for the supporting sleeve.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, a transverse adjustment hole is provided in the middle of the adjustment plate, a guide rail 7 is fixed in the transverse direction in the adjustment hole, and the adjustment block is matched and fitted in the adjustment hole, and can slide left and right along the extension direction of the guide rail, and lock at the end position. The support sleeve 9 is fixed through the adjustment block, with its inner end facing the trunk direction and extending to the inside of the closed-loop structure formed by the measuring assembly, so as to form a plurality of positioning support points around the outer circumference of the trunk and adjustable in position; the outer end of the support sleeve faces the outside of the trunk, and a ring seat is provided at the end, and the inside of the support sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the measuring probe is threadedly assembled in the support sleeve, and can be inserted into the positioning support point formed by the support sleeve and the outer circumference of the trunk in a threaded manner.

[0032] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the middle part of the adjusting block is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and a mounting cavity 11 is provided inside the adjusting block above the guide rail, in which a ball seat 12 is provided, which can rotate freely in the mounting cavity, and a support sleeve 9 is fixedly mounted in the ball seat from the outside to the inside, so that when the ball seat rotates freely in the mounting cavity of the adjusting block, it can drive the support sleeve to rotate with multiple degrees of freedom on the adjusting block, thereby facilitating the support rod and the trunk at different positions to form a stable support, so that the support sleeve can easily adapt to the irregular shape of the trunk surface, thereby ensuring the stability of the support and the accuracy of the measurement.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, two adjacent adjustment plates are fixedly connected by a flexible telescopic unit, which is made of flexible material, such as an elastic band or a spring group, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the adjustment plate. In this embodiment, an elastic band 2 is selected, so that after the measuring component embraces the outer periphery of the trunk, it can flexibly adapt to the changes in the diameter of the trunk. Whether it is a tiny seedling or a sturdy tree, or trees of different species and different growth stages, this design can ensure that the support sleeve on the measuring component fits the trunk tightly, reducing the measurement error caused by too large or too small a gap.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, connecting plates 3 are respectively provided on adjacent sides of the adjustment plates of the supporting and fixing units arranged at the head and tail positions, and screw holes 5 are evenly arranged on the connecting plates. When the measuring component is wrapped around the tree, the adjacent connecting plates are fixed together by bolts to form a closed-loop structure wrapped around the tree trunk, thereby ensuring that the measuring component is tightly and stably wrapped around the tree trunk to prevent it from shifting or loosening during the measurement process, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the measuring component and improving its fixing effect on the tree trunk.

[0035] Further, such as Figure 1 and 4As shown, a connecting column 4 is provided at the top of an adjustment plate near the connecting plate, and a tape measure 13 is mounted on the connecting column, so that the connecting column provides a stable mounting point for the tape measure, which can be easily unfolded and rolled up during the measurement process. When the measuring assembly is fixedly mounted on the tree trunk, the tape measure can be wrapped around the tree trunk to measure the trunk's diameter at breast height. Figure 5 The tape measure is not only evenly provided with measuring scales, but also evenly provided with perforations. After the tape measure is wound around the trunk to measure the trunk's diameter at breast height, the user can fix a hook spring or other fixings on the perforations of the tape measure to keep the tape measure in place on the trunk until the reading or recording is completed (this is the prior art and will not be described in detail). This not only improves the convenience of measurement, but also helps to reduce the measurement error caused by the movement of the tape measure. Or after measuring the diameter at breast height, the tape measure can be directly rolled up and hung on the connecting column for easy use next time.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the measuring probe is threadedly assembled in the support sleeve. In actual application, the measuring probe includes two copper probes of Φ2mm and 50mm in length, and each measuring probe is also provided with a scale line. Specifically, the probe head point is extremely facing the direction of the tree trunk, and the tail extends out of the support sleeve and is electrically connected to the controller 19 through a wire 18. When it is assembled into the support sleeve, it penetrates into the phloem of the tree trunk in a threaded manner, and by observing the scale on the probe body, the depth of its penetration into the tree can be accurately known. In this embodiment, according to the probe scale, the head electrode is rotated and inserted into the phloem of the tree trunk about 2mm, and then a 1kHZ AC signal is transmitted to the measured tree trunk through the controller, and then the impedance of the tree trunk to the signal is measured, and then according to the change of the impedance value, the physiological capacitance value of the tree trunk can be calculated, and finally the vigorous degree of the tree metabolic activity can be indirectly reflected.

[0037] It should be noted that when the present device is actually used, two sets of probes need to be prepared and inserted into the two sets of measuring components respectively to ensure that the distance between the two sets of measuring components wrapped around the measured tree trunk is constant and the distance between the upper and lower measuring components can be flexibly adjusted according to different actual conditions. Therefore, in this embodiment, a telescopic unit 15 is provided between two adjacent measuring components.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic assembly includes an inner sleeve rod 16 and an outer sleeve rod 17, the inner sleeve rod is matched and sleeved in the outer sleeve rod, and the top of the inner sleeve rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjustment plate of the upper position measurement assembly, and the outer sleeve rod is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment plate of the lower position measurement assembly. In addition, a limit stop is provided at the top end of the outer sleeve rod to prevent the inner sleeve rod from sliding out of the outer sleeve rod.

[0039] When in use, the measuring component at the upper position is set on the measured trunk at a position 1.3m above the ground, so that the tape measure can measure the breast diameter of the measured trunk, and the two adjacent measuring components along the vertical direction are connected together through the telescopic unit, so that the two measuring probes are respectively installed in the support sleeves of the measuring components at different heights at the same axial position. In this embodiment, the two probes are ensured to be 10cm apart vertically.

[0040] Working principle description: When using the portable tree health detection device provided in this embodiment, first check whether the battery power of the controller is sufficient, and perform necessary power-on inspection and open circuit correction, that is, short-circuit the two measuring probes, and perform correction through the controller to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data; then select the position 1.3m above the ground on the trunk as the measurement point, and wrap the measuring assembly around the trunk to ensure that the inner ends of the multiple support sleeves are tightly attached to the trunk through the flexible telescopic unit to form a closed loop structure. Use the connecting plate and bolts to fix the adjustment plates at the head and tail positions together.

[0041] Adjust the position of the support sleeve through the adjustment block on the adaptive adjustment plate so that its inner end fits tightly against the tree trunk to form a stable positioning support point. Use the soft tape on the connecting column to measure the breast diameter of the tree trunk and input the measurement data into the controller. Assemble the probe thread in the support sleeve and insert it into the positioning support point formed by the trunk and the support sleeve by rotating and pushing. Make sure that the probes of the upper and lower measuring components remain on the same vertical axis.

[0042] The two measuring probes are twisted to rotate their heads and insert them into the phloem of the tree trunk. The controller controls the probes to transmit a 1kHz AC signal to the tree trunk and measures the impedance of the trunk to the signal. Fig. 9 The buttons on the controller are operated to record the measured data. Multiple measurements are performed at different positions at the same height of the tree trunk. Based on the recorded multiple measurement data and the change in impedance value, the physiological capacitance value of the tree trunk is calculated. The physiological capacitance value of the measured tree is used to reflect the vigorous degree of the tree's metabolic activity, thereby determining the health status of the tree.

[0043] The portable tree health detection device provided by the present invention solves the problem that existing trees cannot be detected early under adverse stress. It can conveniently and accurately quantify the health vitality of different trees in different environments, so as to overcome the difficulty in the existing technology to quickly and non-destructively quantify the health status of plants, and realize efficient and accurate assessment and detection of the health status of trees, thereby providing strong support for forestry management and ecological protection.

[0044] Embodiment 2, based on Embodiment 1, further provides a limit assembly for further locking the position of the support sleeve, so that when the probe is screwed into the tree trunk, the adjustment block and the support sleeve are firmly fixed at the specified position on the guide rail to prevent them from moving under the action of external force, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0045] like Fig.10 As shown, the limit assembly includes a limit column 23, a pull plate 25, an electromagnet 26 and a spring piece 27. A top rod 24 is vertically provided at the bottom of the adjustment block, and a limit slot 10 is opened on the adjustment plate below the guide rail. The limit columns 23 are evenly distributed in the limit slots vertically, and the lower ends thereof extend out of the adjustment plate and are fixed to the pull plate 25; the spring piece 27 is fixedly installed in the active range between the adjustment plate and the pull plate, and the electromagnet 26 is symmetrically installed on the bottom surface of the adjustment plate on both sides of the pull plate, and is controlled by a controller, and a magnetic attraction material is provided on the side wall of the pull plate adjacent to the electromagnet.

[0046] When the electromagnet is controlled by the controller to adsorb the magnetic material on the pull plate together, the spring sheet is compressed, so that the pull plate moves toward the bottom of the adjusting plate, and at the same time drives the limit columns in the limit groove to move upward, so that the top rod at the bottom of the adjusting block matches and is inserted into the limit columns at different positions; when the pull plate and the adjusting plate are loosened, the top rod is detached from the limit column, thereby driving the adjusting block to slide at any position on the guide rail, so that the position of the support sleeve and the probe inside it can be adaptively adjusted according to the different shapes of the tree trunk.

[0047] Embodiment 3, based on Embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a portable tree health detection method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the controller and short-circuit the two measurement probes for open circuit calibration; Step 2: After the calibration is completed, the measuring assembly is fixedly mounted on the undamaged trunk of the tree to be measured, and the top of the adjusting plate of the measuring assembly at the upper position is ensured to be 1.3m above the ground. The diameter at breast height of the tree to be measured is measured by a tape measure, and the measured data is input into the controller; and each data is displayed on the display screen 20; Step 3: Adjust the positions of the upper and lower measuring components, and screw the probes into the corresponding support sleeves respectively, and keep the upper and lower probes on the same vertical axis; Step 4: Twist the two measuring probes so that their heads rotate and insert into the phloem of the tree trunk about 2mm, transmit a 1kHZ AC signal to the measured tree trunk, and press the button on the controller to measure the impedance of the tree trunk to the signal; specifically, short press the measurement button to measure, then select different positions at the same height of the tree trunk to measure twice more, if the intermediate data is recorded incorrectly, short press the clear button to clear the most recent measurement data, if the overall data is recorded incorrectly, long press the clear button for five seconds to clear all data, after recording three correct data, long press the measurement button for five seconds, and the unit capacitance value of the tree is obtained after calculation; Step 5: Based on the recorded multiple measurement data and the change in impedance value, the physiological capacitance value of the tree trunk is calculated; specifically, the physiological capacitance value of the measured tree is calculated using the following formula: C = -1 / (2πfXc) (1) In the above formula, C represents the physiological capacitance value, f represents the frequency of the AC power supply, and Xc represents the impedance of the trunk under test; Step 6: Based on the tree physiological capacitance values ​​measured in the above steps, the relationship between the tree physiological capacitance and the breast diameter is constructed, and a unit capacitance model is established, namely: Cx = C / DBH (2) In the above formula, Cx represents the unit capacitance value, C represents the measured capacitance value, and DBH represents the tree diameter at 1.3m. The unit capacitance value of the tested tree is calculated according to the above formula; the higher the unit capacitance, the better the growth potential of the tree, and if the unit capacitance is lower than 1nF / cm, the growth condition of the tree is judged to be poor. Furthermore, the above unit capacitance reflects the size of the charge stored in the trunk of the tree per unit diameter at breast height, where the charge in the tree includes the mineral ions absorbed by the tree through the root system and the charged substances produced during the metabolism process. The above detection indirectly reflects the vigorous degree of the tree's metabolic activity.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. The basic concept of the present invention is to adopt a closed-loop structure combining an adjustment plate, an adjustment block and a flexible telescopic unit to form a plurality of positioning support points around the periphery of the trunk and adjustable in position, so that the support sleeve is adaptively in conflict with the outer surface of the trunk, and can automatically adapt to trunks of different diameters and shapes, and can fit tightly to the surface of the trunk without manual adjustment. At the same time, it can also achieve multi-degree-of-freedom rotation, easily adapt to the irregular shape and inclination angle of the trunk surface, form a stable support point, and provide support, guidance and positioning for the probe to penetrate the trunk, thereby realizing an efficient, portable and accurate tree health detection device and detection method. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable tree health detection device, characterized in that: It includes a measuring component, a probe and a controller. The measuring component includes a supporting and fixing unit and a flexible telescopic unit. A plurality of supporting and fixing units are interconnected through the flexible telescopic unit to form a closed-loop structure. The supporting and fixing unit includes an adjusting plate, an adjusting block and a supporting sleeve. A transverse adjusting hole is provided on the adjusting plate. The adjusting block is slidably sleeved in the adjusting hole and can be locked. The supporting sleeve is fixed on the adjusting block, and its inner end extends into the closed-loop structure to form a plurality of positioning support points which are adjustable around the periphery of the trunk. The outer end of the supporting sleeve faces outward, and an internal thread is provided inside the supporting sleeve. The probe is threadedly assembled in the supporting sleeve and penetrates into the positioning support point formed by the supporting sleeve and the periphery of the trunk in a threaded manner. The tail of the probe extends out of the sleeve and is electrically connected to the controller.

2. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible telescopic unit is an elastic band or a spring group made of flexible material, and both ends of the flexible telescopic unit are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the adjustment plate.

3. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring probe comprises two copper probes with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 50 mm; and scale lines are respectively arranged on the measuring probes.

4. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting plates are respectively provided on adjacent sides of the adjustment plates of the supporting and fixing units at the head and tail positions, and screw holes are provided on the connecting plates. When the measuring assembly is wrapped around the tree, the adjacent connecting plates are fixed together by bolts to form a closed-loop structure support wrapped around the tree trunk.

5. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting column is arranged on the top of the adjusting plate near the connecting plate, and a soft ruler is mounted on the connecting column. When the measuring assembly is fixedly mounted on the tree trunk, the trunk diameter at breast height can be measured by wrapping the soft ruler around the tree trunk.

6. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring assembly is mounted on the tree trunk at a position 1.3 m above the ground, and when in use, two adjacent measuring assemblies in the vertical direction are connected together through a telescopic unit, so that two measuring probes are respectively installed in sleeves of measuring assemblies at different heights at the same axial position.

7. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic unit includes an outer sleeve rod and an inner sleeve rod, the inner sleeve rod is matched and sleeved in the outer sleeve rod, and the top of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjustment plate of the upper position measuring component, and the outer sleeve rod is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment plate of the lower position measuring component; a limit stop is provided at the end of the outer sleeve rod to prevent the inner sleeve rod from sliding out of the outer sleeve rod.

8. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment plate is provided with a limit assembly, and the limit assembly includes a pull plate, a limit column, a spring sheet and an electromagnet. A top rod is vertically provided at the bottom of the adjustment block, and a limit slot is opened on the adjustment plate below the guide rail. The limit columns are evenly distributed in the limit slots vertically, and their lower ends extend out of the adjustment plate and are fixed to the pull plate; the spring sheet is fixedly installed in the active range between the adjustment plate and the pull plate; the electromagnet is symmetrically installed on the bottom surface of the adjustment plate on both sides of the pull plate, and is controlled by a controller, and a magnetic material is provided on the side wall of the pull plate adjacent to the electromagnet; under the action of the electromagnet and the spring sheet, the controller can drive the pull plate to drive each limit column to move vertically in the limit slot.

9. A portable tree health detection method, using the portable tree health detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Turn on the controller and short-circuit the two measurement probes for open circuit calibration; Step 2: After calibration, fix the two sets of measuring components on the undamaged trunk of the tree to be measured, ensure that the top of the adjustment plate is 1.3m above the ground, measure the diameter of the tree to be measured with a tape measure, and input the measured data into the controller; Step 3: Adjust the positions of the upper and lower measuring components, and screw the probes into the corresponding sleeves respectively, and keep the upper and lower probes on the same vertical axis; Step 4: Twist the two measuring probes so that their heads rotate and insert into the phloem of the tree trunk, transmit a 1 kHz AC signal to the measured tree trunk, and press the button on the controller to measure the impedance of the tree trunk to the signal; Step 5: Select different positions at the same height of the tree trunk and measure multiple times; Step 6: Based on the recorded multiple measurement data, the physiological capacitance value of the trunk is calculated according to the change of impedance value; Step 7: The physiological capacitance value of the tree measured according to the above steps; The relationship between tree physiological capacitance and breast diameter was constructed, and a unit capacitance model was established; Step 8: According to the unit capacitance model established in step 7, the unit capacitance value of the tree to be tested is calculated by substituting various parameter values. The unit capacitance value can indirectly reflect the vigorous degree of the tree's metabolic activity, thereby determining the health status of the tree.

10. The portable tree health detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 6, the physiological capacitance value of the tree under test is calculated by the following formula: C = -1 / (2πfXc) (1) In the above formula, C represents the physiological capacitance value, f represents the frequency of the AC power supply, and Xc represents the impedance of the trunk under test; The unit capacitance model established in step 7 is: Cx = C / DBH (2) In the above formula, Cx represents the unit capacitance value, C represents the measured capacitance value, and DBH represents the tree diameter at breast height at 1.3m; The unit capacitance value of the tested tree is calculated according to the above formula; the higher the unit capacitance, the better the growth potential of the tree, and if the unit capacitance is lower than 1nF / cm, it is judged that the growth condition of the tree is poor.

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