690 results about "Cell Membrane Proteins" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-pathogenicity porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus mRNA vaccine composition and application thereof. The vaccine composition is selected from any one of the following combinations: (1) an mRNA vaccine composition consisting of a PRRSV GP3 mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid), a PRRSV GP4 mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) and a PRRSV GP5 mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid); or (2) an mRNA vaccine composition consisting of a PRRSV GP5 mRNA, a PRRSV membrane protein (M) mRNA and a PRRSV nucleocapsid protein (N) mRNA. According to the invention, a high-pathogenicity PRRSV JX-A1 strain is used as a template, and mRNAs capable of synthesizing a plurality of fusion proteins GP345, GP5M and GP5MN and single structural proteins GP3, GP4, GP5, M and N are respectively constructed. After liposome encapsulation, mice are inoculated for immunological evaluation, and results show that humoral immunity and cellular immunity levels of a single mRNA-LNPs mixed group are higher than those of recombinant mRNA-LNPs, and GP5 + M + N and GP3 + 4 + 5 have relatively best effects. The invention provides a new technical means for preventing PRRSV (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus).

The invention relates to a polypeptide ligand and a derivative of E3 ubiquitin ligase as well as a preparation method and application of the polypeptide ligand and the derivative, and relates to the technical field of biological medicines. The polypeptide ligand of the E3 ubiquitin ligase is characterized in that the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide ligand is shown as any one of SEQ ID NO: 1-3, and at least one disulfide bond is formed between cysteine residues in the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide ligand; the polypeptide ligand is combined with the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF43 and / or the E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF3. The polypeptide ligand provided by the invention can be used for flexibly and modularly constructing various bifunctional molecules, such as small-size bifunctional molecules or bifunctional molecules with components which cannot be obtained through expression, so as to degrade disease-related membrane proteins, such as PD-L1, EGFR and the like, and has the potential of disease treatment.

The invention discloses a lysosome targeted chimera based on Sortilin and application thereof. The lysosome targeted chimera comprises a ligand molecule of a lysosome targeted receptor and a ligand molecule of a targeted protein to be degraded, wherein the ligand molecule and the ligand molecule are connected through a linker; the lysosome targeting receptor is Sortilin, and the ligand molecule of the lysosome targeting receptor is a polypeptide targeting the Sortilin; the protein to be degraded is membrane protein or extracellular protein. Furthermore, the polypeptide of the targeted Sortilin is connected with an enzyme response sequence and an integrin receptor targeting sequence. According to the invention, the Sortilin-combined ligand neurotensin is functionally coupled with the neutralizing antibody or polypeptide of overexpression protein in targeted tumor or inflammatory diseases, and the Sortilin-combined ligand neurotensin has obvious treatment gain in malignant solid tumor and psoriasis models. The discovery promotes the transformation potential of the lysosome participating in the biological agent, and provides a dual strategy for realizing accurate degradation through receptor recruitment and microenvironment induction.

The invention provides a membrane protein targeted degradation agent based on cell autophagy, the degradation agent has a first structure combined with membrane protein and also has a second structure capable of inducing cell autophagy, and the first structure is connected with the second structure. According to the membrane protein targeted degradation agent based on cell autophagy, the cell autophagy mechanism is utilized for membrane protein degradation for the first time, due to the fact that autophagy is an internal mechanism of various cells, universal induction can be achieved in various cells, and the autophagy does not depend on factors such as lysosome transporter protein and E3 ligase on cell membranes; the method has the characteristics of broad spectrum and higher universality; the design route of direct connection of the first structure and the second structure is simple and easy to realize.

The invention provides a nano photosensitizer modified by outer membrane vesicles of genetically engineered bacteria as well as a preparation method and application of the nano photosensitizer. The nano photosensitizer is a nano material with the particle size of 80-120 nm, and the nano photosensitizer modified by the genetically engineered bacterium outer membrane vesicle comprises dipalmitic acid phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC), dioleoyl lecithin (DOPC), cholesterol, a small molecule dye and CD47nb-OMV membrane protein. The chemical structure of the small molecule dye is shown as a formula I or a formula II. The nano photosensitizer OBDlp modified by outer membrane vesicles of genetically engineered bacteria serves as a novel nano photosensitizer, tumor targeting PTT is mediated through NIR II FL / PA imaging, tumor immunogenicity is improved, antigen presenting cells are activated, and infiltration and functionalization of CD8 + T cells are caused. And OBDlp and laser are combined to induce release of a large amount of DAMPs and trigger ICD to promote maturation of cDC1s. Meanwhile, a CD47 nano antibody carried by the nano photosensitizer induces polarization of M1 phenotype macrophages by blocking a CD47-SIRP alpha signal transduction axis, and an immunosuppression tumor microenvironment is reversed.

The invention relates to the technical field of medicine, and discloses an artificial exosome and application thereof in drug delivery, the artificial exosome is prepared into an oil phase based on PLGA and DOTAP, and a water phase based on OCT4 protein and siTrim28; mixing the two phases to obtain a primary emulsion, and adding a PVA aqueous solution to obtain a double emulsion; stirring the double emulsion and volatilizing the solvent to form an emulsified solution, and centrifuging to obtain PLGA nanoparticles; the lipid mixture is prepared from lipid, DPPE-PEG2000, alpha-tocopherol and alpha-lactalbumin, and a lipid film is formed after a solvent is evaporated; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing PLGA nanoparticles, a lipid film and membrane protein, uniformly mixing and heating to obtain a film-coated solution, and finally extruding through a cellulose acetate film to obtain the artificial exosome. The artificial exosome disclosed by the invention combines the stability of the PLGA nanoparticles and the biocompatibility of the lipid membrane, and provides new possibility for a drug delivery system.

The invention relates to the technical field of immunological detection methods, in particular to an antibody of a human Golgi apparatus membrane protein GP73, an antibody composition and application. The antibody provided by the invention has a relatively high relative affinity constant with a human Golgi apparatus membrane protein GP73, can be combined with a target protein with high sensitivity and high specificity, and has relatively high stability; based on the antibody, the invention provides a method for detecting the human Golgi body membrane protein GP73 by using a double-antibody sandwich ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method, the content of the human Golgi body membrane protein GP73 in serum or related products can be accurately and quickly detected on a large scale, and the antibody has a relatively good application prospect in the detection of the content of the human Golgi body membrane protein GP73.

The invention discloses a fermentation method of recombinant bacillus subtilis for expressing vibrio parahaemolyticus outer membrane protein, which comprises the following steps: inoculating a recombinant bacillus subtilis strain into a liquid culture medium for activation and amplification to obtain a seed solution; transferring the seed solution into a fermentation tank according to the inoculum size of 5%-10%, controlling the temperature to be 35-37 DEG C and the pH to be 6.8-7.2, introducing sterile air and stirring, and monitoring the thallus concentration OD600 value in real time; when the OD600 value reaches 35-38, 10% of an inducer is added for pre-induction; when the OD600 value reaches 40-45, the remaining 90% of the inducer is added for main induction, and the real-time dissolved oxygen value is collected; when the real-time dissolved oxygen value is continuously higher than a first preset threshold value, the flow acceleration rate of the inducer is increased, the fermentation temperature is increased at the same time or step by step, and the increase amplitude of the dissolved oxygen value is in positive correlation with the flow acceleration rate and the temperature increase amplitude; when the OD600 value is stabilized in a preset interval, it is judged that fermentation is completed, and the recombinant bacillus subtilis thalli are obtained. The yield and quality of the vibrio parahaemolyticus outer membrane protein can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a platelet stress state assessment method. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a platelet suspension; incubating the platelet suspension by using an EAAT2 polyclonal primary antibody and a flow fluorescent secondary antibody in combination with a monoclonal antibody of a platelet related marker and / or a monoclonal antibody of Annexin V, and preparing a sample to be detected; detecting a specific signal of the sample through a flow cytometry; and analyzing the specific signal to confirm the stress condition of the sample. According to the method, multi-parameter data of a single platelet can be flexibly processed, and specific clustering analysis of the platelet subgroup is realized in combination with the expression characteristics of the EAAT2 membrane protein. In addition, flexible and efficient statistical analysis can be carried out on inter-group differences of the parameters, correlation between the parameters and the like, and finally personalized accurate diagnosis and analysis of the platelet quality and activation state of the subject are achieved.

The invention relates to a bifunctional compound and application thereof in targeted degradation of protein, the compound comprises a target protein binding compound and a cell-penetrating peptide which are connected, and the target protein binding compound is a compound capable of binding with cell membrane protein or extracellular protein or a derivative thereof; the target protein binding compound and the cell-penetrating peptide are connected through a linker or directly connected. According to the invention, it is found for the first time that specific extracellular proteins or cell membrane proteins can enter cells in an endocytosis manner and are degraded through lysosomes by using cell-penetrating peptides and small molecule conjugates. The method disclosed by the invention has the characteristic of delivering bioactive macromolecules through endosome wrapping without depending on a single receptor, and the effect of degrading the target protein by using the cells can be realized as long as specific binding micromolecules of the protein to be degraded can be found and coupled with the cell-penetrating peptide; a widely applicable strategy is provided for degradation of extracellular proteins and cell membrane proteins.

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional nanoprobes and biological detection, and particularly relates to a kit for simultaneously detecting a specific membrane protein marker and a membrane protein dimer and application of the kit. The detection kit comprises a membrane proteome anchoring chain, a recognition probe, an SERS probe and an auxiliary signal amplification reagent, by combining DNA logic sensing based on aptamer recognition and logic response type assembly based on EpCAM protein expression and DNA signal amplification of Met protein dimerization, networked assembly of a recognition probe and an SERS probe is realized, so that specific accurate recognition of tumor cells and high-sensitivity SERS detection and imaging of membrane protein dimers are realized; the method is suitable for monitoring an HGF / Met signal channel based on Met protein dimerization mediation between stromal cells and cancer cells in a complex tumor microenvironment, and can evaluate the inhibition effect of a targeted drug on receptor dimerization in real time.

The invention discloses a construction method and application of a ratio-dependent electrochemical luminescence (ECL) biosensor based on an antifouling red cell membrane, and belongs to the technical fields of photoelectric analysis, biosensing and interface antifouling. In the invention, the erythrocyte membrane with super-hydrophilicity and low membrane protein content is used as an efficient antifouling interface, and the good biocompatibility of the erythrocyte membrane avoids the influence of a chemical antifouling coating on the biological activity of the ECL sensor. Meanwhile, the electropolymerized polyaniline nanowire is embedded into the antifouling erythrocyte membrane, so that the chemical stability and the conductivity of the antifouling erythrocyte membrane are enhanced, and the application of the antifouling erythrocyte membrane in ECL analysis is expanded. C3N4 is introduced as an interior label for eliminating background signals and external interference, so that the detection precision of the biosensor is improved. On the basis, the constructed ECL antifouling biosensor realizes ultra-sensitive detection of human breast cancer cells MCF-7 in human serum, and the detection limit is as low as 3 cells / mL.

The invention discloses a hair follicle targeting nano-liposome anti-hair loss and hair growth compound preparation. The compound preparation is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 to 85 parts of bionic liposome carrier and 15 to 30 parts of active ingredients, the bionic liposome carrier is prepared from 50 to 60 parts of egg yolk lecithin, 15 to 20 parts of pH sensitive phospholipid DOPE, 10 to 15 parts of cholesterol and 5 to 10 parts of mesenchymal stem cell exosome membrane protein; the active ingredients comprise 5 to 10 parts of minoxidil, 3 to 5 parts of caffeine, 0.5 to 1 part of miR-218-5p, 1 to 2 parts of biotin and 2 to 3 parts of quercetin; the average particle size of the nano-liposome formed by the bionic liposome carrier is 120-180nm, and the polydispersity index (PDI) is less than or equal to 0.15. The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, in particular to a hair follicle-targeted nano-liposome anti-hair loss and hair growth compound preparation, which has the following advantages due to the adoption of the technical scheme: accurate targeted delivery is realized, and the treatment safety and accuracy are improved; intelligent response release is achieved, and the local microenvironment of hair follicles is optimized; the multi-target synergistic effect breaks through the limitation of single treatment.

The invention discloses an mRNA-LNPs Brucella vaccine, an expression vector and a preparation method thereof. The mRNA-LNPs Brucella vaccine comprises at least one of mRNA of an outer membrane protein BP26 and mRNA of an outer membrane protein Omp 25. According to the present invention, the antigen sequence is optimized, the prepared mRNA Brucella vaccine can stimulate the body to produce strong immunogenicity, and compared with the Brucella vaccine prepared before the sequence optimization, the antibody titer is significantly improved. A mouse immune experiment research result shows that high-titer IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a can be generated. Th1 type reaction, Th2 type reaction or mixed Th type reaction is successfully induced.

The invention discloses a mesenchymal stem cell membrane bionic nano-enzyme for targeted therapy of Parkinson's disease as well as a preparation method and application of the mesenchymal stem cell membrane bionic nano-enzyme. The mesenchymal stem cell membrane bionic nano enzyme comprises an inner core and a mesenchymal stem cell membrane, wherein the inner core is composed of mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles, and the mesenchymal stem cell membrane coats the inner core. The medicine contains the mesenchymal stem cell membrane bionic nano enzyme. The mesenchymal stem cell membrane bionic nano-enzyme disclosed by the invention shows good biocompatibility, and can be homed to a Parkinson disease region in the brain under the mediation of CXCR4 and VLA-4 specific membrane proteins. In addition, through the CD47 membrane protein expressed on the surface, the removal of the immune system can be avoided, so that the action time in the body is prolonged. The nano-enzyme is helpful for eliminating reactive oxygen free radicals, reducing oxidative stress level and reducing damage of neuroinflammation to dopaminergic neurons, so that safe and efficient treatment of Parkinson's disease is realized.

The invention provides a recombinant chicken antibacterial peptide aiming at drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus, and belongs to the technical field of veterinarians. The recombinant chicken antibacterial peptide is expressed through genetic engineering recombinant escherichia coli. Three natural chicken antibacterial peptide active regions are fused, and two disulfide bonds are introduced to stabilize the structure of the recombinant chicken antibacterial peptide and enhance the affinity of the recombinant chicken antibacterial peptide to staphylococcus aureus outer membrane protein. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the recombinant chicken antibacterial peptide to the drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus is obviously lower than that of three natural chicken antibacterial peptides, and the formation of a biomembrane of a USA300 strain of the drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus can be thoroughly inhibited when the minimum inhibitory concentration is 8 mu g / mL. The recombinant chicken antibacterial peptide has a good antibacterial effect on different drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus separated from a chicken house, and can effectively solve the infection problem of the drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus in the chicken house.

A method for separating an exosome from a heterologous expression cell or a primary culture cell, and a use of an exosome in biological analysis, relating to the technical field of biomedicine. The method for separating the exosome from the heterologous expression cell or the primary culture cell of the present invention comprises: carrying out differential centrifugation on a solution to be extracted that contains an exosome, then taking out a first supernatant, carrying out high-speed centrifugation again, respectively adding iodixanol into an obtained second supernatant and a precipitate, and carrying out spontaneous density gradient centrifugation to obtain a separated purified exosome. According to the present invention, an iodixanol spontaneous density gradient centrifugation method is innovatively used to successfully carry out separation and purification to obtain the exosome having high purity and high yield, and the separated exosome is used as an experimental development universal platform for researching a membrane protein structure and functional characteristics in an original ecological cell membrane environment, and is used for biological analysis, drug screening, and disease diagnosis and treatment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling production of human milk oligosaccharide through membrane protein. The method is realized by inactivating a membrane protein YgfX coding gene on a production strain. According to the human milk oligosaccharide production strain obtained in the mode that the membrane protein YgfX is inactivated after the coding gene of the membrane protein YgfX is knocked out or deleted from a 192nd guanine base through a gene editing technology, the human milk oligosaccharide production capacity of the human milk oligosaccharide production strain is obviously improved compared with that before gene editing, the yields of LNTII, LNnT, LNT, 3 '-SL and 6'-SL are improved by about 40%, 125%, 46%, 32% and 47% respectively, the effect is remarkable, and the human milk oligosaccharide production strain has a good application prospect. And a new method and thought are provided for widening the production way of the human milk oligosaccharide.

Provided herein are novel stabiligases for use in cell membrane proteome analysis. The subject stabiligases are capable of attaching to glycans found on the surface of cell membranes to form glycan-tethered (GT) stabiligases. Such glycan-tethered stabiligases are capable of robustly and selectively attaching label probes to cell surface proteins of intact cells. The subject novel stabiligases described herein advantageously allow for the identification and profiling of cell membrane proteins that have undergone an extracellular N-terminal proteolytic event.

The invention discloses an acinetobacter baumannii outer membrane protein liposome vaccine as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of biological medicines. The acinetobacter baumannii outer membrane protein liposome vaccine is obtained by efficiently expressing the acinetobacter baumannii outer membrane protein through a genetic engineering means and combining the obtained multiple outer membrane proteins as antigens with a lipid mixture and an adjuvant, and the acinetobacter baumannii outer membrane protein liposome vaccine is proved to be capable of providing complete protection for mice challenged by lethal dose acinetobacter baumannii. Wherein the outer membrane protein loaded by the lipidosome realizes structural refolding, the protein immunogenicity is enhanced, and the lipidosome can reduce the toxicity of the outer membrane protein; omp38 + BauA + FimA may be an effective antigen combination for preventing acinetobacter baumannii infection; as a TLR2 agonist, Pam2CSK4 has a strong auxiliary effect on an acinetobacter baumannii liposome vaccine, can induce innate immune response activation, and provides a more comprehensive protection effect on a host.

The invention discloses an indirect ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) detection kit for distinguishing host infected Listeria monocytogenes and / or Listeria ivanovii. The coating antigens are respectively a recombinant listeria monocytogenes surface protein ActA, a serotype 4h listeria monocytogenes and listeria ivanovii common outer membrane protein SmcL and a listeria ivanovii specific outer membrane protein I-inlH, indirect ELISA methods are respectively established based on the three antigens, the three detection methods are combined to detect the content of the listeria monocytogenes, and the content of the listeria ivanovii can be detected. The levels of the ActA antibody, the SmcL antibody and the I-inlH antibody in a clinical serum sample can be effectively monitored, and the detection on the listeria monocytogenes caused by the listeria monocytogenes and / or the listeria ivanovii is realized. The kit is relatively high in sensitivity, strong in specificity and good in stability, and an effective method is provided for epidemiological investigation and diagnosis of listeria monocytogenes.

The invention discloses an EV membrane protein single molecule detection method based on droplet microfluidics and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing an Ab-oligo compound which is formed by sequentially connecting an antibody, Linker, Linker connection DNA, RNA capable of being specifically cut by RNA enzyme and template DNA for starting signal amplification; then capturing the extracellular vesicles in the plasma by using the CD9 / CD63 / CD81 functionalized magnetic beads; the method comprises the following steps: adding an Ab-oligo compound and a sealing buffer solution into extracellular vesicles, incubating, removing the uncombined Ab-oligo compound, adding RNA enzyme for incubating and enzyme digestion, collecting template DNA for starting signal amplification, and performing microdroplet digital PCR analysis to realize single molecule analysis of EV membrane protein. According to the invention, the one-to-one correspondence relationship between the antibody and oligonucleotide is established through Linker for the first time, single protein information is converted into single nucleic acid chain information, and EV membrane protein single molecule detection is realized. The method is simple to operate, can qualitatively and quantitatively detect the single EV membrane protein, and is beneficial to further research on the relationship between the EV membrane protein and diseases.

The invention discloses a cell membrane protein replacement type oncolytic virus vector and application thereof. The cell membrane protein replacement type oncolytic virus vector is rhabdoviridae virus, and a nucleotide sequence for coding G protein in a genome of the rhabdoviridae virus is replaced by a nucleotide sequence for coding an antibody and a nucleotide sequence for coding a spike protein truncation of coronavirus. The invention also discloses a construction method of the cell membrane protein replacement type oncolytic virus vector for expressing the antibody, the non-replicated virus vector is used for expressing the antibody sequence for the first time, and meanwhile, the novel coronavirus cell membrane protein is embedded into the virus surface, so that the cell membrane protein replacement type oncolytic virus vector can be rapidly produced in a suspension cell in a large scale; through removal of virus cell membrane protein genes, the virus cell membrane protein genes cannot be continuously replicated in vivo, so that the safety of the virus cell membrane protein genes is ensured, the tumor immunosuppression condition is improved, and an organism can be stimulated to generate a neutralizing antibody for resisting new coronavirus while tumor cells are killed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and particularly relates to an engineered cell microvesicle and a delivery system based on the engineered cell microvesicle, the system realizes efficient preparation of 1-5 [mu] m cell microvesicles, and the cell microvesicles have a large space volume and can be used for preparing the cell microvesicles. The carrier can be used for loading and delivery of target protein, polypeptide and recombinase which are specifically expressed in mother cells. The system transfects mother cells through lentivirus transfection or plasmid transfection to further produce cell microvesicles, and the microvesicles can load more goods and inherit membrane proteins of the mother cells, and can also effectively load intracellular proteins to realize effective delivery. By virtue of good structural stability, high immunogenicity and excellent biocompatibility, the cell microvesicle reduces systematic toxic and side effects of a traditional carrier, is expected to become an effective drug delivery system, and has great application potential in the field of gene therapy.

The invention discloses a separation-free and signal-amplification-free quantitative analysis method for extracellular vesicles, which comprises the following steps: assembling a sulfydryl-modified aptamer on the surface of a gold nanoparticle through an Au-S bond to form a gold nanoparticle-aptamer compound; the aptamer is designed according to a specific membrane protein receptor on an extracellular vesicle; incubating the gold nanoparticle-aptamer compound and an extracellular vesicle to-be-detected solution, and after incubation, specifically binding the gold nanoparticle-aptamer compound with EVs to form a large-particle compound; under laser irradiation, recording the Tyndall effect of the to-be-detected liquid by using a camera, and reading the Tyndall effect intensity value by using image analysis software.

The invention discloses a method for inducing osteoblasts by using mesenchymal stem cells, and belongs to the technical field of biology. The method for inducing the osteoblasts comprises the step of adding brucella outer membrane protein into a conventional osteoblast induction culture medium to promote the dental pulp stem cells to be differentiated into the osteoblasts. According to osteoblast differentiation metaphase differentiation marker detection, the cell ALP activity of a group added with 800ng / mL of brucella outer membrane protein is 2.36 times that of a conventional osteoblast induction culture medium group; according to osteoblast differentiation end-stage differentiation marker detection, the calcium deposition amount of brucella outer membrane proteome cells added with 800ng / mL is 481.54 mu g / mg protein, and is 2.55 times of that of a conventional osteoblast induction culture medium group. By adding the brucella outer membrane protein into a conventional osteoblast induction culture medium, the osteogenic differentiation efficiency of the dental pulp stem cells can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses recombinant bacillus subtilis with the surface displaying Edwardsiella tarda outer membrane protein OmpA and vibrio cholerae enterotoxin CTB fusion protein, a construction method and application, spore capsid protein CotY serves as an anchor point, coding genes of OmpA and CTB are recombined into a genome of bacillus subtilis 168 in a homologous double cross mode, and the recombinant bacillus subtilis is obtained. The recombinant bacillus subtilis can be stably inherited in the bacillus subtilis and displays edwardsiella tarda outer membrane protein OmpA and vibrio cholerae enterotoxin CTB on the spore surface; after fishes and mammals orally immunize the Edwardsiella tarda, the survival time and the survival rate of bodies infected with the Edwardsiella tarda are remarkably improved; the recombinant bacillus subtilis is used as an oral vaccine type micro-ecological immune preparation for preventing and treating Edwardsiella tarda infection of fishes and mammals, the immune procedure is remarkably simplified, the immune stress is reduced, the labor cost is saved, the effective action concentration in the intestinal tract is ensured, and the organism is induced to generate specific immune response.

Disclosed are fusion proteins (and homodimers and heterodimers thereof). Fusion proteins can bind to a protein of interest and to an internalizing receptor (transferrin receptor) on a cell surface. Once bound, the protein of interest can be internalized and / or degraded inside a cell.

The invention belongs to the technical field of bioengineering, and relates to a wheat secretion carrier related membrane protein TaSCAMP6 and application thereof. The amino acid sequence of the wheat secretion vector related membrane protein TaSCAMP6 provided by the invention is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2; the nucleotide sequence for coding the wheat secretion vector related membrane protein TaSCAMP6 gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1; according to the invention, the function of the TaSCAMP6 gene is researched through a genetic means, transgenosis is carried out in a Fielder wild type material, a TaSCAMP6 overexpression plant is obtained, and verification shows that the resistance of TaSCAMP6 overexpression to stripe rust is enhanced, the gene is determined to play a positive regulation role in stripe rust resistance of wheat, and a new gene resource is provided for stripe rust resistance breeding of wheat.

The present invention relates to methods of preparing a therapeutic exosome using a protein newly-identified to be enriched on the surface of exosomes. Specifically, the present invention provides methods of using the proteins for affinity purification of exosomes. It also provides methods of localizing a therapeutic peptide on exosomes, and targeting exosomes to a specific organ, tissue or cell by using the proteins. The methods involve generation of surface-engineered exosomes that include one or more of the exosome proteins at higher density, or a variant or a fragment of the exosome protein.