The invention discloses a method for preparing and purifying oncolytic virus, and a recombinant oncolytic rhabdovirus. According to the preparation method, Vero cells are utilized to prepare oncolyticviruses (especially VSV viruses). Firstly, virus amplification conditions are optimized by utilizing the Vero cells, wherein the optimized conditions include virus infection complex number (MOI), virus diluent, virus amplification liquid, serum concentration during amplification, cell culture volume, virus harvesting time and the like; furthermore, virus purification conditions are optimized, wherein the optimized conditions include centrifugal force, sucrose bottoming centrifugation, centrifugation time, step-by-step centrifugation and the like; the VSV virus particles infect the vero cellsfor 48 h in a 3% FBS culture medium according to a proportion that MOI is equal to 5, and virus liquid is harvested; and after 26000*g centrifugation is conducted for 1 h at a temperature of 4 DEG C,28000*g centrifugation is conducted (30 min to 45 min), and it is determined that the high-titer VSV virus can be stably prepared under the step-by-step centrifugation condition. The preparation method is efficient, stable and cost-saving, provides technical support for subsequent large-scale production of the VSV virus, and can be used for preparing anti-tumor virus drugs.