Presented herein are compositions and methods, for detecting the presence of: an
Arenavirus or an immune response relevant to an
Arenavirus infection including T cells responsive to
Arenavirus peptides or proteins comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of: one or more
amino acid sequences, or a subsequence, portion, homologue, variant or derivative thereof or megapools; one or more fusion proteins; a
pool of 2 or more peptides; or a
polynucleotide that encodes one or more peptides or proteins, each from any
amino acid sequence selected from any sequence set forth in Table 1 (SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 164), or a subsequence, portion, homologue, variant or derivative thereof. The invention further provides vaccines, diagnostics, therapies, and kits, comprising such proteins or peptides.