Novel high-voltage large-current capacitance energy storage type pulse power supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel high-voltage large-current capacitor energy storage type pulse power supply which comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode structure D1, a second diode structure D2, a follow current resistor R1, a discharge control switch Q1 and an inductance coil L1. A series branch formed by the freewheeling resistor R1, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1, and a series branch formed by the freewheeling resistor R1 and the first diode structure D1 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2; the positive electrode of the C1 is connected with the first end of the L1 through the Q1, the positive electrode of the C2 is connected with the common end of the D1 and the D2, and the D2 is connected with the Q1; the negative electrode of the C1 and the negative electrode of the C2 are both connected with the second end of the L1. The withstand voltage of the diode is reduced by optimizing the circuit structure, and the cost is reduced; the back voltage of the capacitor is naturally reduced, and an extra control discharge loop is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of capacitor energy storage type pulse power supply, and in particular to a novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage type pulse power supply. Background Art

[0002] The traditional topology of the capacitor energy storage pulse power supply includes two methods. The first method is as follows: Figure 1 , the second method is as follows Figure 2 , Figure 1 The scheme has a simple structure and is usually used to output short pulses. Figure 4 ; Figure 2 The scheme is a structure of high and low voltage capacitor combination, which is usually used to output wider pulses.

[0003] However, Figure 2 The solution has the following defects: when the capacitor voltage is as high as tens of kilovolts, the withstand voltage of the diodes D1, D2 and the thyristor component Q1 is also required to reach tens of kilovolts, which is costly, and the energy discharge of the inductor coil L1 will cause the capacitors C1 and C2 to generate reverse pressure, so an additional discharge circuit must be added to discharge the energy and reduce the reverse voltage.

[0004] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the structure of the conventional high- and low-voltage capacitor combined energy storage pulse power supply has the problem that when the capacitor voltage is as high as tens of kilovolts, the withstand voltage of the diodes D1, D2 and the thyristor assembly Q1 is also required to reach tens of kilovolts, which is costly, and the energy discharge of the inductor coil L1 will cause the capacitors C1 and C2 to generate reverse pressure, so a discharge circuit must be added to discharge energy and reduce the reverse voltage. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply, which reduces the withstand voltage of the diode by optimizing the circuit structure, reduces the cost, and optimizes the circuit performance at the same time. The capacitor reverse voltage is naturally reduced, and no additional control of the discharge circuit is required.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply, the pulse power supply comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode structure D1, a second diode structure D2, a freewheeling resistor R1, a discharge control switch Q1 and an inductor L1;

[0008] The series branch composed of the freewheeling resistor R1, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1, and the series branch composed of the freewheeling resistor R1 and the first diode structure D1 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2; the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1 through the discharge control switch Q1, the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the common end of the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2, and the second diode structure D2 is connected to the discharge control switch Q1; the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 and the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L1.

[0009] As a further preference, the first capacitor C1 is a high-voltage capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is a low-voltage capacitor.

[0010] As a further preference, both the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 are formed by a plurality of diodes connected in series.

[0011] As a further preference, the cathode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode structure D2, the anode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the freewheeling resistor R1, the freewheeling resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the inductor L1; the cathode of the second diode structure D2 is connected to the discharge control switch Q1.

[0012] As a further preference, the discharge control switch Q1 is formed by a plurality of thyristors connected in series.

[0013] As a further preference, the normal charging and discharging process of the pulse power supply is:

[0014] The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged simultaneously until the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are fully charged;

[0015] After the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged, the discharge control switch Q1 is turned on based on the external control trigger signal, and the energy after the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged together is discharged to the inductor L1 by the discharge control switch Q1.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment, the reverse pressure release process of the pulse power supply is:

[0017] When the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are reversely charged by the inductor L1 , the reverse voltage of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is discharged through the loop of the freewheeling resistor R1 , the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 .

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, the first diode structure D1 withstands the voltage of the second capacitor C2;

[0019] The second diode structure D2 withstands the voltage of the first capacitor C1.

[0020] As a further preference, the second end of the inductor L1 is also grounded.

[0021] As a further preference, the pulse power supply is suitable for occasions where short pulse power supply of a spherical tokamak device coil and power supply of an electromagnetic pulse gun need to provide large current pulses.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention discloses a novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply, which reduces the cost and reduces the withstand voltage of the diode by optimizing the circuit structure, so that D1 can be realized by fewer diodes of the same specification compared with the prior art. Figure 2 Same functions, lower costs;

[0024] 2. The present invention provides a novel high-voltage, high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply, which optimizes the capacitor reverse voltage discharge capability. When the inductor coil discharges energy, the reverse voltage of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 can be discharged through the freewheeling resistor R1, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 loop. In this way, the capacitor reverse voltage is naturally reduced, and no additional control of the discharge loop is required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a circuit diagram of prior art 1;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of prior art 2;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 The output current waveform of the prior art 1;

[0030] Figure 5 For existing technology Figure 2 Output current waveform:

[0031] Figure 6 is the output current waveform of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coil magnetic field generated after the neutron source magnetic compression coil of the present invention is powered;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply current waveform of the TF coil used in the spherical tokamak device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Hereinafter, the term "include" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present invention indicates the presence of the invented function, operation or element, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. In addition, as used in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "have" and their cognates are intended only to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items, and should not be understood as first excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items or the possibility of adding one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items.

[0035] In various embodiments of the present invention, the expression "or" or "at least one of A or / and B" includes any combination or all combinations of the words listed at the same time. For example, the expression "A or B" or "at least one of A or / and B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0036] The expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in various embodiments of the present invention may modify the various constituent elements in various embodiments, but may not limit the corresponding constituent elements. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and / or importance of the elements. The above expressions are only used for the purpose of distinguishing an element from other elements. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention, the first element may be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.

[0037] It should be noted that if it is described that one component element is “connected” to another component element, the first component element may be directly connected to the second component element, and a third component element may be “connected” between the first component element and the second component element. Conversely, when one component element is “directly connected” to another component element, it can be understood that there is no third component element between the first component element and the second component element.

[0038] The terms used in various embodiments of the present invention are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit various embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to also include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise limited, all terms used here (including technical terms and scientific terms) have the same meaning as the meaning generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms (such as the terms defined in the dictionary generally used) will be interpreted as having the same meaning as the contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and will not be interpreted as having an idealized meaning or an overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in various embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the prior art Figure 2 The solution is a combination of high and low voltage capacitors, which is usually used to output wider pulses. Figure 2 Where C1 is a high voltage capacitor, C2 is a low voltage capacitor, D1 and D2 are both diode structures, Q1 is a discharge control switch, R1 is a freewheeling resistor, and D1 is a freewheeling loop of the inductor L1; however, the prior art Figure 2 The solution has the following defects: when the capacitor voltage is as high as tens of kilovolts, the withstand voltage of the diodes D1, D2 and the thyristor component Q1 is also required to reach tens of kilovolts, which is costly, and the energy discharge of the inductor coil L1 will cause the capacitors C1 and C2 to generate reverse pressure, so an additional discharge circuit must be added to discharge the energy and reduce the reverse voltage.

[0041] In order to solve the defects of the above prior art, the present invention reduces the withstand voltage of the diode by optimizing the circuit structure, reduces the cost, and optimizes the circuit performance at the same time. The reverse voltage of the capacitor is naturally reduced, and no additional control discharge circuit is required. (1) Reduce costs. By optimizing the circuit structure to reduce the withstand voltage of the diode, D1 can be realized by fewer diodes of the same specification. Figure 2 Same function, lower cost; (2) Optimize the capacitor reverse voltage discharge capability. When the inductor coil discharges energy, the capacitor reverse voltage naturally decreases, and no additional control discharge circuit is required.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention is a novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply, which is suitable for short-pulse power supply of spherical tokamak device coils, electromagnetic pulse gun power supply, physical experiments and other occasions that need to provide high-current pulses.

[0044] The pulse power supply includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode structure D1, a second diode structure D2, a freewheeling resistor R1, a discharge control switch Q1 and an inductor L1;

[0045] The series branch composed of the freewheeling resistor R1, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1, and the series branch composed of the freewheeling resistor R1 and the first diode structure D1 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2; the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1 through the discharge control switch Q1, the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the common end of the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2, and the second diode structure D2 is connected to the discharge control switch Q1; the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 and the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L1; the second end of the inductor L1 is also grounded.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first capacitor C1 is a high-voltage capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is a low-voltage capacitor.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 are both formed by a plurality of diodes connected in series. The cathode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode structure D2, the anode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the freewheeling resistor R1, and the freewheeling resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the inductor L1; the cathode of the second diode structure D2 is connected to the discharge control switch Q1.

[0048] In this embodiment, the discharge control switch Q1 is formed by a plurality of thyristors connected in series, and when in use, the discharge control switch Q1 is turned on based on an external control trigger signal. After Q1 is turned on, if the forward voltage is always present, Q1 cannot be disconnected, and Q1 can only be disconnected when the reverse voltage passes.

[0049] The working process of the pulse power supply of the present invention includes:

[0050] (1) The normal charging and discharging process of the pulse power supply is:

[0051] The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged simultaneously until the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are fully charged;

[0052] After the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged, the discharge control switch Q1 is turned on based on the external control trigger signal, and the energy after the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged together is discharged to the inductor L1 by the discharge control switch Q1.

[0053] (2) The reverse pressure discharge process of the pulse power supply is:

[0054] When the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are reversely charged by the inductor L1 , the reverse voltage of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is discharged through the freewheeling resistor R1 , the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 loop.

[0055] Existing technology Figure 2 And the present invention Figure 3 Comparison:

[0056] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that in the prior art, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the Q1 thyristor, and the voltage borne by D1 is the highest voltage of the circuit, that is, the voltage of C1; the voltage borne by D2 is theoretically the voltage difference between C1 and C2, but considering that C1 and C2 may not be charged at the same time, the voltage borne by D2 is also the highest voltage of the circuit, that is, the voltage of C1.

[0057] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the cathode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the cathode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2. The voltage borne by the first diode structure D1 is the voltage of the second capacitor C2 (low-voltage capacitor). The voltage borne by the second diode structure D2 is theoretically the voltage difference between the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2. However, considering that the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 may be charged at different times, the voltage borne by the second diode structure D2 is also the highest voltage of the circuit, that is, the voltage of the first capacitor C1 (high-voltage capacitor).

[0058] According to the above comparative analysis, (1) in terms of withstand voltage, the withstand voltage of the second diode structure D1 of the present invention is reduced from the voltage of the first capacitor C1 (high voltage capacitor) to the voltage of the second capacitor C2 (low voltage capacitor), and the present invention is obviously better than the prior art. Figure 2 The withstand voltage requirement is lower.

[0059] (2) Capacitor reverse voltage discharge: Existing technology Figure 2 In the embodiment, when C1 and C2 are reversely charged by the inductor L1, there is no loop to discharge the reverse pressure due to the reverse blocking of the discharge control switch Q1; Figure 3 In the embodiment, the reverse voltage of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 can be discharged through the freewheeling resistor R1, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 loop. Figure 2 The reverse voltage discharge problem is solved without adding an additional discharge circuit to discharge energy and reduce the reverse voltage.

[0060] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 For existing technology Figure 2 The output current waveform, Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Output current waveform: Figure 5 and Figure 6 VH / kV is the voltage of the high voltage capacitor (ie, the first capacitor C1), VL / kV is the voltage of the low voltage capacitor (ie, the second capacitor C2), VD1 / kV is the voltage of the first diode structure D1, VD2 / kV is the voltage of the second diode structure D2, and Iout / kA is the inductor current.

[0061] 1. Contrast Figure 5 and Figure 6 The voltage of D2 shows that the withstand voltage of D1 is reduced, so D1 can be realized by using fewer diodes of the same specification. Figure 2 Same function, lower cost; Assume that the charging voltage of the high-voltage capacitor C1 of a power supply is 40kV, the charging voltage of the low-voltage capacitor is 15kV, and a diode with a rated voltage of 8kV is selected. The actual operating voltage of the diode in the project is set at 5kV. Based on this calculation, Figure 2 D2 needs 8 diodes, D1 needs 8 diodes; and the present invention Figure 3 D2 requires 8 diodes and D1 requires 3 diodes.

[0062] 2. Contrast Figure 5 and Figure 6 The reverse voltage generated by the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 can be seen in the present invention. Figure 3 After the energy of the inductor L1 is consumed by the first diode structure D1, the second diode structure D2, the discharge control switch Q1 and the freewheeling resistor R1, the reverse energy on the capacitor can be consumed by the freewheeling resistor R without the need for a charging power supply or a discharge resistor to further discharge the reverse energy.

[0063] The present invention can be used for the power supply of the magnetic compression coil of the neutron source. The specific parameters of the power supply are 35kA / 40kV. The power supply requires that the magnetic field of the coil rises quickly to 5T within 5ms, and the magnetic field of the coil rises slowly to 7T between 5-15ms. Therefore, two-stage capacitors are required to provide two-stage currents. After calculation, the power supply needs to reach 24kA at 5ms and 35kA at 15ms. The magnetic field of the coil generated by the power supply of the magnetic compression coil of the neutron source of the present invention is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0064] It can also be used to power the TF coil of the spherical tokamak device. The coil current waveform is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is the TF discharge simulation waveform. The flat-top current in the figure reaches 22.5kA. Increasing the capacitor voltage can output a higher current.

[0065] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply, characterized in that: The pulse power supply includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode structure D1, a second diode structure D2, a freewheeling resistor R1, a discharge control switch Q1 and an inductor L1; The series branch composed of the freewheeling resistor R1, the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1, and the series branch composed of the freewheeling resistor R1 and the first diode structure D1 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2; the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1 through the discharge control switch Q1, the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the common end of the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2, and the second diode structure D2 is connected to the discharge control switch Q1; the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 and the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L1.

2. According to claim 1, a novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply is characterized in that: The first capacitor C1 is a high-voltage capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is a low-voltage capacitor.

3. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 are both formed by a plurality of diodes connected in series.

4. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cathode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode structure D2. The anode of the first diode structure D1 is connected to the freewheeling resistor R1. The freewheeling resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the inductor L1. The cathode of the second diode structure D2 is connected to the discharge control switch Q1.

5. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge control switch Q1 is formed by connecting a plurality of thyristors in series.

6. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normal charging and discharging process of the pulse power supply is: The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged simultaneously until the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are fully charged; After the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged, the discharge control switch Q1 is turned on based on the external control trigger signal, and the energy after the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are charged together is discharged to the inductor L1 by the discharge control switch Q1.

7. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse pressure discharge process of the pulse power supply is: When the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are reversely charged by the inductor L1 , the reverse voltage of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is discharged through the loop of the freewheeling resistor R1 , the first diode structure D1 and the second diode structure D2 .

8. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first diode structure D1 withstands the voltage of the second capacitor C2; The second diode structure D2 withstands the voltage of the first capacitor C1.

9. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the inductor L1 is also grounded.

10. A novel high-voltage and high-current capacitor energy storage pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse power supply is suitable for the occasions where short pulse power supply of spherical tokamak device coil and electromagnetic pulse gun power supply need to provide large current pulse.

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