Carrier communication method for laser energy transmission system with dispersed structure

Abstract

The invention provides a carrier communication method for a laser energy transmission system with a dispersed structure, which is characterized in that a semiconductor laser is adopted as an electro-optical conversion device, a power controller and a signal modulator are combined at a transmitting end, and a modulation signal is superposed on a laser beam while energy transmission is realized, so that the laser energy transmission system with the dispersed structure is realized. Energy and information superposition is realized; at a receiving end, a photovoltaic array is adopted to convert received laser beam energy into electric energy, modulation information is extracted at the same time, and energy and information separation is achieved; a plurality of independent energy transmission links are arranged, each link independently transmits energy and information, and each link is connected to a photovoltaic array to realize energy conversion and information demodulation. The system is particularly suitable for high-power energy transfer occasions, synchronous transmission of energy and information is achieved, the overall transmission rate and data throughput of the system are greatly improved, the requirement for high-frequency modulation equipment is reduced, the requirement for hardware is low, and good system compatibility and expandability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to synchronous transmission of wireless energy information, and in particular to a carrier communication method of a dispersed structure laser energy transmission system. Background Art

[0002] Wireless energy transmission technology is a technology that achieves contactless energy transmission through energy conversion without physical or electrical connection. Due to its outstanding advantages in safety, versatility, portability, operational flexibility and user-friendliness, it has become one of the research hotspots in the electrical and energy industry. In this field, laser wireless energy transmission technology has shown unique potential. Based on the electromagnetic far-field radiation theory, electro-optical conversion devices are used to convert electrical energy into laser beams, which has significant advantages such as small equipment size, long transmission distance, high transmission power, and no electromagnetic interference. Although high-power, long-distance laser wireless power transmission technology is still in the research and exploration stage, its broad application prospects have attracted widespread attention from academia and industry, and further technical accumulation and verification are urgently needed.

[0003] With the development of laser wireless energy transmission technology, how to achieve efficient synchronous transmission of information while transmitting energy has become an important research direction. In practical applications, it is necessary not only to transmit energy through laser, but also to transmit control information, equipment status and other necessary data at the same time to ensure the stable operation and efficient management of the system. For laser wireless energy transmission systems, the carrier communication method enables energy transmission and information transmission to be carried out in parallel through the same laser link. This method not only simplifies the system structure, but also has high data transmission reliability and efficiency. Especially in the dispersed laser energy transmission system, distributed energy transmission and information synchronous transmission are carried out through multiple links, which further improves the redundancy and fault tolerance of the system. Therefore, the development of a carrier communication method that can achieve synchronous transmission of laser energy and information is of great significance to promote the application and development of laser wireless energy transmission technology.

[0004] In some technologies, additional communication transmitters and receivers are configured at the energy transmission and receiving ends to realize the communication function of the transmission and receiving ends and ensure the communication quality. However, the introduction of additional communication equipment will increase the complexity of the system, and it fails to fully utilize the characteristics of the laser beam as a special energy transmission carrier. In the prior art, some laser wireless energy information synchronous transmission uses the intermittent energy of the laser beam to transmit signals. This pulse-regulated laser wireless energy transmission system has higher controllability. However, it fails to fully utilize the power transmission capacity of the energy transmission link and is not suitable for high-power laser energy transmission occasions. In addition, for high-power lasers, affected by factors such as electro-optical conversion delay, its modulation speed is limited, which directly affects the communication rate and leads to a reduction in data transmission speed. This limitation not only affects the data transmission performance of the system, but also has an adverse effect on the data throughput in practical applications.

[0005] In summary, the construction of additional communication transceivers can achieve communication goals, but it will greatly increase the complexity of the system; in the current laser wireless energy information synchronous transmission, the main problem with high-speed and reliable transmission of information is that the modulation speed of the high-power energy transmission system is limited, which limits the communication rate.

[0006] Patents related to the present invention were retrieved through patent search formula 1 (energy information + laser):

[0007] 1) In the "Laser Wireless Energy Information Synchronous Transmission System" disclosed in patent document CN116191694B, a laser wireless energy information synchronous transmission system is proposed, including a laser energy and information transmitting end and a receiving end. The system adopts the method of internal modulation of the laser to set a laser energy supply circuit and a laser signal control circuit connected in parallel in the laser power supply. By superimposing the high-current laser energy driving current and the low-current signal driving current, the synchronous transmission of energy and information is achieved. This design avoids the problem of laser damage caused by direct modulation of high-power lasers, and the driving power supply fluctuates less, maintaining the stability of the laser energy and improving the quality of the electric energy and electrical signals obtained by the receiving end.

[0008] However, for high-power transmission applications, the laser modulation speed is limited. At this time, the communication rate is limited by factors such as the laser electro-optical conversion delay, and it is difficult to further improve it.

[0009] 2) Patent document CN104600855B discloses a method for modeling the output characteristic curve of a series-parallel photovoltaic array under non-uniform working conditions, which involves a laser driving power supply and a method for realizing composite transmission of power signals. The system is mainly composed of a slow converter, a fast converter, a semiconductor laser, an average current control unit and a voltage regulator. This technology superimposes the straight current output by the slow converter with the positive and negative pulse current output by the fast converter to generate a synthetic current and inject it into the semiconductor laser, thereby realizing composite transmission of power and signal. This design ensures that the laser can perform signal communication while transmitting power, and has high dynamic response characteristics and power efficiency.

[0010] However, for high-power transmission applications, the laser modulation speed is limited. At this time, the communication rate is limited by factors such as the laser electro-optical conversion delay, and it is difficult to further improve it.

[0011] In terms of structural design, the "distributed structure laser wireless energy transmission system carrier communication" of the present invention focuses on the design of a multi-link parallel distributed structure, each link can independently transmit energy and information, thereby significantly improving the transmission capacity and flexibility of the system. In contrast, the existing technology adopts a single link structure, which mainly relies on a composite current to achieve synchronous transmission of power and signal. Although it has a composite transmission function, it lacks in scalability and flexibility.

[0012] In terms of modulation and demodulation technology, the present invention adopts carrier communication mode and realizes efficient information transmission and energy transmission in a multi-link system through precise modulation and demodulation mechanism. Different from this, the existing technology modulates and transmits by directly superimposing straight current and pulse current. This method is effective in a single-link system, but its applicability and anti-interference ability in a multi-link parallel structure may be insufficient, especially when dealing with complex application scenarios, and its transmission efficiency and system stability still need to be further improved.

[0013] 3) Patent document CN202210020617.4 discloses a method for realizing multi-channel simultaneous transmission of signals and energy based on a laser wireless energy transmission system. The system decomposes the transmitted data packet into multiple sub-data segments and modulates the data using frequency parameters in the pulsed laser that are independent of energy transmission, so that the data can be loaded into the energy flow. The laser transmitting end includes N modulators, a laser power supply, and a semiconductor laser, and the laser receiving end includes a photovoltaic array, a data / information demodulator, etc. The receiving end decouples the superimposed power / data information through a bandpass filter and an amplitude detector, thereby realizing parallel transmission of multi-channel data and maintaining the high-power energy transmission of the laser.

[0014] In terms of system structure and function, the "distributed structure laser wireless energy transmission system carrier communication" of the present invention focuses on the combination of distributed structure and carrier communication, especially the application under the multi-link parallel structure. Each link can transmit energy and information independently, and the high efficiency and flexibility of the system are achieved through carrier communication. In contrast, the existing technology mainly focuses on using OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) modulation to achieve multi-channel signal and energy transmission. Its core lies in parallel transmission through laser pulses of different frequencies. Although it has a higher transmission rate, it still has certain limitations in multi-link collaborative work and system scalability.

[0015] In terms of modulation and demodulation mechanism, the carrier communication technology adopted by the present invention realizes efficient transmission of energy and information through frequency modulation and demodulation, which is particularly suitable for scenarios where multiple links work in parallel and has better anti-interference ability and system stability. In contrast, the prior art adopts frequency shift keying modulation and bandpass filter demodulation, which is more suitable for single-channel or a few multi-channel transmission systems, and may face problems of multi-channel signal interference and demodulation complexity in complex environments. These differences illustrate the different orientations of the two patents in design concepts and application scenarios. The former focuses more on the flexibility and scalability of the system, while the latter focuses on improving the performance of a single transmission link. Summary of the invention

[0016] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a carrier communication method suitable for synchronous transmission of high-power laser wireless energy information. The decentralized structure laser wireless energy transmission system has the characteristics of multi-link parallel and coordinated energy transmission, and has certain advantages in power expansion capability, control flexibility, safety and reliability, fault-tolerant control capability, etc. On the basis of carrier communication, in the decentralized structure laser wireless energy transmission system with multi-link parallel, each energy transmission link can be used as a carrier of information transmission, which naturally has more information transmission channels. By reasonably designing the information modulation and demodulation mechanism, it can make full use of the decentralized structure multi-channel communication characteristics, improve the communication rate and data throughput, so as to solve the limitation of the laser modulation speed on the communication rate in the high-power laser energy information synchronous transmission system.

[0017] The present invention proposes a carrier communication method for a dispersed structure laser energy transmission system, which is characterized in that a semiconductor laser is used as an electro-optical conversion device, and a power controller and a signal modulator are combined at the transmitting end to superimpose a modulated signal on a laser beam while realizing energy transmission, thereby realizing energy and information superposition; a photovoltaic array is used at the receiving end to convert the received laser beam energy into electrical energy, and the modulated information is extracted at the same time, thereby realizing energy and information separation; a plurality of independent energy transmission links are set, each link independently transmits energy and information, and each link is connected to a photovoltaic array to realize energy conversion and information demodulation.

[0018] Furthermore, a power electronic converter is used as the driver of the laser at the transmitting end, and a BUCK circuit is used as the driving circuit of the laser. The output voltage and current are controlled by adjusting the duty cycle, thereby adjusting the driving power of the laser. The BUCK circuit receives the DC voltage from the DC input power supply, and adjusts the voltage distribution between the capacitors C1 and C2 by controlling the on and off of the switch tube Q4, and finally outputs a stable driving current I ref to the laser diode.

[0019] Furthermore, based on the preset duty cycle, a PWM modulation signal is generated by a digital signal processor DSP, and is used to drive the gate of the switch tube, thereby controlling the on and off states of the switch tube Q4.

[0020] Furthermore, it is equipped with multiple independent BUCK drivers and lasers.

[0021] Furthermore, the transmitting end adopts the amplitude pulse coding ASK modulation technology. ASK modulation represents binary information by changing the amplitude of the carrier on the basis of a fixed carrier frequency.

[0022] Furthermore, the power controller predicts the actual output power P in real time. real With reference power P ref The difference between the two generates the feedback current signal I feedback The power operating point of the laser is adjusted by the current controller.

[0023] Furthermore, the receiving end uses a power electronic converter BOOST circuit as a photovoltaic converter. The core components of the BOOST circuit include inductor L2, switch tube Q2, diode D3 and capacitor C3. By adjusting the duty cycle of the BOOST circuit, the output voltage V pv and current I pv , to achieve stable transmission of electric energy while maintaining efficient energy conversion. The PWM controller at the receiving end monitors the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic array in real time, and dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the switch tube Q2 through the feedback loop.

[0024] Furthermore, the signal demodulator at the receiving end is responsible for extracting the superimposed ASK modulation signal from the current signal output by the BOOST circuit and demodulating it into the original binary information. The signal demodulator uses a digital signal processor DSP for signal processing.

[0025] Furthermore, each independent energy transmission link is composed of multiple lasers irradiating the same photovoltaic array. When multiple lasers work together, the modulation amplitude of each laser is adjusted, and a different modulation amplitude is assigned to each laser, thereby ensuring that the information in the multi-laser system can be correctly demodulated.

[0026] Furthermore, an overvoltage protection circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit are introduced into the BOOST circuit, and multiple photovoltaic arrays and the BOOST circuit are connected in parallel or in series to achieve higher output power or voltage.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:

[0028] 1) Particularly suitable for high-power energy transmission occasions, the decentralized structure laser wireless energy transmission system has the characteristics of multi-link parallel and collaborative energy transmission. It has certain advantages in power expansion capability, control flexibility, safety and reliability, and fault-tolerant control capability.

[0029] 2) Carrier communication is used to effectively combine energy transmission and information transmission, realizing the synchronous transmission of energy and information. By modulating information on the laser carrier, it not only simplifies the system structure and reduces hardware requirements. Compared with the traditional separate energy and information transmission method, carrier communication can better utilize the existing transmission links and optimize the transmission efficiency.

[0030] 3) Taking full advantage of the characteristics of multi-link parallel transmission in a distributed structure, each link can not only transmit energy independently, but also transmit information independently, greatly improving the overall transmission rate and data throughput of the system. By rationally designing the modulation and demodulation mechanism, the interference between different links is effectively suppressed, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of information transmission. In addition, this parallel transmission method improves the fault tolerance and redundancy of the system, so that when some links fail, the system can still operate stably and maintain a high transmission efficiency.

[0031] 4) The modulation and demodulation method is simple, suitable for use in situations where the power laser modulation speed is slow, and can effectively deal with the modulation speed limitation of high-power lasers. By adopting simple modulation technology (such as ASK modulation), the system can still achieve efficient information transmission under low-speed modulation, reducing the demand for high-frequency modulation equipment. At the same time, this method has low hardware requirements, is easy to implement, and has good system compatibility and scalability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of carrier communication (single link) of laser wireless energy transmission system.

[0033] Figure 2This is a block diagram of the dispersed structure laser wireless energy transmission system of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the amplitude modulation process of three laser beam combination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The present invention proposes a method for synchronously transmitting laser wireless energy information in a dispersed structure for a laser wireless energy transmission system. Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of carrier communication (single link) of a laser wireless energy transmission system. The modulation and demodulation mechanism of the carrier communication method adopted in the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in order to make the content of the diagram concise and clear, the figure mainly extracts an energy transmission link in the decentralized structure (i.e., a laser irradiates a photovoltaic array).

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the carrier communication system of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system of the present invention includes a transmitting end, which combines a power controller and a signal modulator to superimpose a modulated signal on a laser beam while realizing energy transmission, thereby realizing energy and information superposition; and a receiving end, which uses a photovoltaic array to convert the received laser beam energy into electrical energy, and extracts the modulated information at the same time, thereby realizing energy and information separation. The system is composed of multiple independent energy transmission links, each link independently transmits energy and information, and each link is connected to a photovoltaic array to realize energy conversion and information demodulation.

[0038] In this embodiment, a semiconductor laser is used as an electro-optical conversion device. Semiconductor lasers have the advantages of small size, high efficiency, and fast response speed, and can well meet the needs of high-power laser transmission systems. Semiconductor lasers have good linear characteristics in current modulation and can achieve stable laser output and information modulation by accurately controlling the injection current.

[0039] The transmitting end of the present invention adopts a power electronic converter as the driver of the laser to realize the power regulation and information modulation of the laser. At the transmitting end, a power electronic converter (taking the BUCK circuit as an example) is adopted as the driver of the laser. In this embodiment, the BUCK circuit is adopted as the driving circuit of the laser. The BUCK circuit is a step-down DC-DC converter, which controls the output voltage and current by adjusting the duty cycle, thereby adjusting the driving power of the laser. The BUCK circuit mainly includes a switch tube Q4, an inductor L1, and capacitors C1 and C2. By adjusting the duty cycle of the switch tube Q1, the BUCK circuit can control the voltage and current output to the laser diode (LD), thereby adjusting the emission power of the laser. Specifically, the BUCK circuit receives a DC voltage from a DC input power supply, adjusts the voltage distribution between capacitors C1 and C2 by controlling the conduction and shutdown of the switch tube Q4, and finally outputs a stable driving current I ref To the laser diode (LD). The driving current of the laser not only determines the emission power of the laser, but also carries the modulation signal to achieve information transmission. In other words, the driving current not only determines the emission power of the laser, but also bears the function of carrying the modulation signal.

[0040] By precisely controlling the duty cycle of the switch tube, the laser injection current can be precisely adjusted, thereby controlling the laser output power. This control method can achieve rapid switching of the laser at different working points and adapt to the energy and information transmission requirements under various complex working conditions.

[0041] In this embodiment, based on the preset duty cycle, a PWM modulation signal can be generated by a digital signal processor (DSP), and used to drive the gate of the switch tube, thereby controlling the on and off state of the switch tube Q4. Through this process, the injection current of the laser can be accurately controlled to ensure the stable operation of the system and efficient information transmission.

[0042] DSP can not only generate PWM signals, but also monitor the output parameters of the laser in real time and dynamically adjust the duty cycle according to the feedback information, thereby optimizing the working state of the laser and improving the overall efficiency of the system. In addition, DSP can also integrate multiple protection mechanisms, such as over-current protection, over-temperature protection and under-voltage lockout, to ensure the safe operation of the laser in complex environments.

[0043] Alternatively, other types of power electronic converters can be used as laser drivers. For example, the BUCK circuit is suitable for scenarios where the power supply voltage is higher than the laser operating voltage. When the input power supply is AC, an active rectifier circuit can be used to convert AC into DC, and the laser can be driven through a subsequent buck circuit. In addition, other buck topologies can be used, such as multi-phase buck circuits. This multi-phase structure can further smooth the output current waveform, reduce current ripple, and improve system efficiency and stability.

[0044] In some application scenarios, in order to further improve the reliability and redundancy of the system, a multi-channel redundant design can also be considered, that is, multiple independent BUCK drivers and lasers are equipped in one system. When one channel fails, other channels can automatically take over the work to ensure the continuous operation of the system and the reliability of information transmission.

[0045] In order to achieve synchronous transmission of information, the transmitter uses ASK modulation technology. ASK modulation represents binary information (such as "0" and "1") by changing the amplitude of the carrier on the basis of a fixed carrier frequency. This modulation method is relatively simple in hardware implementation and has good noise resistance. For high-power lasers, due to the limited modulation speed, ASK modulation can better adapt to this limitation. By adjusting the driving current of the laser, it switches between different amplitudes to achieve information encoding.

[0046] In this embodiment, synchronous transmission of information is achieved through amplitude pulse coding. ASK modulation represents binary information, i.e., "0" and "1", by changing the amplitude. This modulation method is simple to implement in hardware and has good noise resistance, and is particularly suitable for occasions where the modulation speed of high-power lasers is limited. By accurately adjusting the driving current of the laser, it switches between different amplitudes, thereby achieving encoding and transmission of information.

[0047] ASK modulation can represent different binary states by changing the output power of the laser. This method not only simplifies the design of the modulation circuit, but also improves the reliability and stability of the system. Since ASK modulation only needs to control the amplitude in hardware without complex phase or frequency adjustment, it can more effectively avoid signal distortion caused by frequency drift or phase instability in high-power applications. In addition, ASK modulation has strong anti-interference ability and can maintain a high decoding accuracy in complex environments.

[0048] The control part of the transmitter combines the power controller and the signal modulator to superimpose the modulated signal on the laser beam while achieving energy transmission. The power controller monitors the output power of the laser in real time and compares it with the preset reference power. If it detects that the output power deviates from the reference value, the power controller will adjust the feedback current signal accordingly to correct the driving current of the laser. Specifically, the power controller predicts the actual output power P in real time. real With reference power P ref The difference between the two generates the feedback current signal I feedback The power operating point of the laser is adjusted through the current controller. By adjusting the duty cycle of the BUCK circuit, the system can accurately control the output power of the laser to ensure that the system transmission power meets the demand.

[0049] In this embodiment, the signal modulator works in conjunction with the power controller to precisely control the output power and information modulation of the laser by adjusting the duty cycle of the BUCK circuit. In specific operations, the signal modulator dynamically adjusts the drive current of the laser according to the binary information to be transmitted, so that it switches between different amplitudes. For example, when transmitting "1", the signal modulator increases the drive current of the laser, thereby increasing the output; when transmitting "0", the drive current is reduced and the output is reduced accordingly. In this way, the laser can efficiently complete information encoding and transmission while maintaining energy transmission.

[0050] The signal modulator can also integrate a digital signal processor (DSP) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA) to achieve more complex modulation functions and higher modulation rates. DSP or FPGA can dynamically adjust modulation parameters such as amplitude change rate, duty cycle and modulation depth according to different application requirements, thereby optimizing modulation performance and adapting to a variety of application scenarios.

[0051] At the receiving end, the photovoltaic array (PV) is used to convert the received laser beam energy into electrical energy and extract the modulation information. In order to achieve efficient use of energy and stable output, the receiving end uses a power electronic converter (taking the BOOST circuit as an example) as a photovoltaic converter, and achieves efficient energy conversion and stable output through the BOOST circuit. The BOOST circuit is a step-up DC-DC converter that can increase the voltage generated by the photovoltaic array to the required output voltage level. The core components of the BOOST circuit include inductor L2, switch tube Q2, diode D3 and capacitor C3. By adjusting the duty cycle of the BOOST circuit, the output voltage V pv and current I pv, achieving stable transmission of electric energy while maintaining efficient energy conversion. The BOOST circuit can increase the voltage generated by the photovoltaic array to the required output voltage level, thereby achieving stable power transmission.

[0052] By precisely adjusting the duty cycle of the BOOST circuit, the voltage of the photovoltaic array can be precisely controlled to ensure the efficiency and stability of energy conversion. Specifically, the PWM controller at the receiving end monitors the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic array in real time, and dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the switch tube Q2 through the feedback loop to maintain the stability of the output voltage. This process can not only ensure the efficient transmission of energy, but also cope with external interference such as changes in light intensity, ensuring the reliable operation of the system under various conditions.

[0053] In this embodiment, the signal demodulator is responsible for extracting the superimposed ASK modulation signal from the current signal output by the BOOST circuit and demodulating it into the original binary information. In order to improve the accuracy of demodulation and the anti-interference ability of the system, the signal demodulator can use a digital signal processor (DSP) for signal processing. The DSP can filter, amplify and demodulate the received signal, thereby accurately extracting useful information and eliminating the influence of noise and interference. The demodulated binary information can be directly used in the back-end data processing and control system, thereby realizing the synchronous transmission of information.

[0054] Optionally, a photovoltaic converter can be selected according to the form of electrical energy required by the load, and when the load bus voltage is higher than the photovoltaic array operating voltage, a boost DC-DC converter is selected as the photovoltaic converter.

[0055] Optionally, the BOOST circuit can adopt a variety of topologies to meet the needs of different application scenarios. For example, in high-power applications, a multi-phase BOOST circuit structure can be used to share the current load by connecting multiple phases in parallel, thereby reducing the inductor current ripple and improving the overall conversion efficiency. In addition, according to actual needs, an active clamping circuit can be integrated to suppress voltage spikes, reduce electromagnetic interference, and extend the service life of components.

[0056] The photovoltaic array (GaAs photovoltaic array) used in this embodiment has high conversion efficiency and good response characteristics, and can stably convert light energy into electrical energy under different incident light intensities. This is crucial for achieving efficient energy collection and transmission in complex environments. The photovoltaic array is connected to the back-end energy storage device or load through an electric energy converter to ensure that the overall energy management of the system is more efficient and stable.

[0057] In addition, the control part of the receiving end includes MPPT control, voltage controller, and signal demodulator. The received photovoltaic current and voltage signals are adjusted by the PWM controller to adjust the duty cycle to maintain the stability of power conversion. The signal demodulator is responsible for extracting the original data information from the ASK modulated signal superimposed on the current signal and restoring it to binary data.

[0058] The above design has multiple advantages: 1) Efficient energy utilization: through the coordinated work of power electronic converters, efficient energy conversion and stable transmission are achieved, ensuring that the laser and photovoltaic array operate at the optimal working point. 2) Synchronous transmission capability: The application of ASK modulation enables energy and information to be transmitted synchronously through the same laser link, reducing the complexity of the system and reducing the need for additional hardware.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the decentralized laser wireless energy transmission system of the present invention. An energy transmission link refers to a laser wireless energy transmission path that can independently complete energy transmission. In the present invention, each energy transmission link has an independent photovoltaic array, which can be composed of one or more lasers as the transmitting end of the energy transmission link. Within a single link, there is no relationship between a common transmitting end and a receiving end; in a decentralized structure, there may be some working conditions of a common transmitting end or a receiving end, such as a single laser irradiating multiple receiving ends in a time-sharing manner. Figure 2 As shown, the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system of the present invention is composed of multiple independent energy transmission links, and each link can independently transmit energy and information. Figure 2 A system consisting of three energy transmission links is shown in the paper. The system contains three energy transmission links, each link contains two lasers and one photovoltaic array, and each link is connected to a photovoltaic array (PV) to achieve energy conversion and information demodulation. SW1 and SW2 are switch tubes in the photovoltaic converter (BOOST circuit). By controlling the opening and closing of SW1 and SW2, the photovoltaic converter (BOOST circuit) can be controlled. The input end of the photovoltaic converter is connected to the photovoltaic array, which can control the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic array. Since each link is relatively independent, the system can form multiple independent information transmission channels, so that the overall information transmission rate reaches N times the rate of a single link (where N is the number of independent energy transmission links). In addition, since each link can demodulate information independently, the transmission information content of the system is increased to 2^N, which greatly improves the data transmission capacity of the system.

[0060] also, Figure 1The laser wireless energy transmission link and its control composed of a single laser-photovoltaic array are shown in the figure. The hardware part includes power supply, laser driver, laser, photovoltaic array, and photovoltaic converter. When there is a higher demand for power, as the photovoltaic array increases, the energy transmission link increases, the above hardware units need to be increased accordingly, and the corresponding control part also increases, but the control part can still be placed in the same controller for calculation and solution.

[0061] In this decentralized structure, each independent energy transmission link can be irradiated by multiple lasers together with the same photovoltaic array, thereby achieving higher power output and transmission efficiency. However, when using multiple lasers, it is necessary to pay attention to the superposition effect of their laser output power. If the 2-ASK modulation method is directly used, the superposition of the signals of multiple lasers at the photovoltaic array may result in the inability to correctly decode the information. For example, when multiple lasers work at the same time, the superposition of their "1" and "0" states may produce ambiguous signals, making it impossible to demodulate the correct original information.

[0062] To solve this problem, an amplitude adjustment method is used to ensure successful information demodulation in a multi-laser system. For example, when two lasers work together, the modulation amplitude of each laser can be adjusted: assuming that the modulation amplitude of one laser is +x (indicating "1") and -x (indicating "0"), and the modulation amplitude of the other laser is +2x (indicating "1") and -2x (indicating "0"), then the superposition results at the photovoltaic array will be +3x, +x, -x, -3x. Based on these superposition values, the system can decode '11', '01', '10' and '00' respectively, thereby ensuring that the information in the multi-laser system can be correctly demodulated.

[0063] Similarly, for the case of multiple lasers, in a distributed structure laser energy transmission system, if each independent energy transmission link consists of three lasers irradiating the same photovoltaic array, the system design needs to consider how to effectively modulate and demodulate the information to ensure that the signals of multiple lasers can be accurately decoded after superposition. The following is a detailed description of the information modulation and demodulation scheme for the case of three lasers.

[0064] Assume that the three lasers in the system use different modulation amplitudes to avoid ambiguity or indistinguishable states when the signals are superimposed. Specifically, different modulation amplitudes can be assigned to each laser as follows: Laser 1: Use modulation amplitudes +x and -x to represent binary '1' and '0', respectively. Laser 2: Use modulation amplitudes +2x and -2x to represent binary '1' and '0', respectively. Laser 3: Use modulation amplitudes +4x and -4x to represent binary '1' and '0', respectively.

[0065] With this amplitude setting, when the signals of the three lasers are superimposed at the photovoltaic array, the possible superposition results are: +7x: corresponding to lasers 1, 2, and 3 are all '1', decoded as '111'; +5x: corresponding to lasers 1 and 2 are '1', laser 3 is '0', decoded as '011'; +3x: corresponding to lasers 1 and 3 are '1', laser 2 is '0', decoded as '101'; +1x: corresponding to laser 1 is '1', lasers 2, 3 is '0', decoded as '001'; -1x: corresponding to laser 1 is '0', lasers 2 and 3 are '1', decoded as '110'; -3x: corresponding to lasers 1 and 2 are '0', laser 3 is '1', decoded as '010'; -5x: corresponding to laser 1 is '0', laser 2 is '1', laser 3 is '0', decoded as '100'; -7x: corresponding to lasers 1, 2, and 3 are all '0', decoded as '000'. In this way, the light intensity signal received by the photovoltaic array can be clearly demodulated to obtain the corresponding three-bit binary information, ensuring that when the three lasers work at the same time, the superposition of different signals can be accurately distinguished and decoded.

[0066] This three-laser collaborative modulation method has the following significant advantages: High information transmission capacity: Through the combination of three lasers, 8 different states can be achieved, significantly improving the information transmission capacity of each link. Enhanced anti-interference ability: Since the modulation amplitude of each laser is different, even if there is a certain amount of noise or interference, the system can accurately demodulate the information by amplitude differentiation. Flexibility and scalability: By further increasing the number of lasers or adjusting the amplitude size, the system can flexibly expand the information transmission capacity and the number of links to adapt to larger and more complex application requirements.

[0067] In order to achieve correct information demodulation in a multi-laser system, the present invention adopts an amplitude adjustment method. Specifically, when multiple lasers work at the same time, the system avoids the decoding ambiguity problem caused by signal superposition by setting different modulation amplitudes. For example, when two lasers work at the same time, the modulation amplitude of laser 1 is set to +x and -x, and the modulation amplitude of laser 2 is set to +2x and -2x. With this setting, when the photovoltaic array receives the superposition signal, the possible output results are +3x, +x, -x, -3x. The system can accurately decode the corresponding binary information based on these superposition values, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of information transmission.

[0068] In more complex situations where three lasers irradiate a single photovoltaic array, the present invention further optimizes the modulation and demodulation mechanism to ensure that multiple laser signals can be accurately demodulated after superposition. In this embodiment, each laser uses a different modulation amplitude to ensure the distinction between signals, thereby achieving accurate information demodulation. The specific settings are as follows: Laser 1: The modulation amplitude is set to +x and -x to represent binary '1' and '0'. Laser 2: The modulation amplitude is set to +2x and -2x to represent binary '1' and '0'. Laser 3: The modulation amplitude is set to +4x and -4x to represent binary '1' and '0'.

[0069] With this amplitude configuration, when the signals of the three lasers are superimposed at the photovoltaic array, the possible output results are as follows: +7x: corresponding to lasers 1, 2, and 3 are all '1', and the system decodes it as '111'; +5x: corresponding to lasers 1 and 2 are '1', and laser 3 is '0', and the system decodes it as '011'; +3x: corresponding to lasers 1 and 3 are '1', and laser 2 is '0', and the system decodes it as '101'; +1x: corresponding to laser 1 is '1', and lasers 2 and 3 are '0'. The corresponding laser is '0', and the system decodes it as '001'; -1x: the corresponding laser 1 is '0', and lasers 2 and 3 are '1', and the system decodes it as '110'; -3x: the corresponding lasers 1 and 2 are '0', and laser 3 is '1', and the system decodes it as '010'; -5x: the corresponding laser 1 is '0', laser 2 is '1', and laser 3 is '0', and the system decodes it as '100'; -7x: the corresponding lasers 1, 2, and 3 are all '0', and the system decodes it as '000'.

[0070] Through this modulation and demodulation method, the system can significantly improve the capacity and anti-interference ability of information transmission. When multiple lasers work together, even if there is external interference or signal attenuation, the system can still accurately demodulate the original information by superimposing the amplitude, ensuring the reliability of information transmission.

[0071] This modulation method not only improves the information transmission capacity of the system, but also has good scalability. By further increasing the number of lasers or adjusting the modulation amplitude, the system can flexibly expand the information transmission capacity to adapt to larger and more complex application scenarios. For example, if more information needs to be transmitted, more lasers can be added and each laser can be assigned a unique modulation amplitude, thereby further expanding the possibility of information combination.

[0072] As the number of lasers increases, the system becomes more complex. The amplitude of the modulation can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0073] In addition, this modulation method also enhances the system's anti-interference ability. Since the modulation amplitude of each laser is different, even in the presence of noise or other forms of interference in a complex environment, the system can still accurately distinguish and demodulate the signal through the difference in amplitude. This anti-interference ability makes the system more reliable in practical applications, especially in long-distance and high-power laser energy transmission scenarios.

[0074] In the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system, by assigning different modulation amplitudes to each laser, multiple lasers can work together in the same link, and the photovoltaic array can effectively demodulate accurate information signals. This design not only improves the information transmission rate and capacity of the system, but also enhances the stability and anti-interference ability of the system, providing strong technical support for the application of high-power lasers in complex multi-link environments.

[0075] This amplitude adjustment method not only enables multiple lasers to work in the same link, but also avoids information demodulation failures caused by signal superposition, greatly improving the stability of the system and information transmission efficiency. By rationally designing the number of lasers and modulation methods in each link, the present invention can effectively achieve multi-link parallel and multi-channel transmission, providing an efficient and reliable laser wireless energy information synchronous transmission solution.

[0076] In order to improve the fault tolerance and reliability of the system, the receiving end design of the present invention can also integrate multiple protection mechanisms. For example, overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection circuits can be introduced into the BOOST circuit to prevent excessive voltage or current from damaging the system. The operating temperature of the system is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor to ensure that the power can be automatically reduced or the work can be stopped in the case of overtemperature, thereby protecting the safety of the system components.

[0077] In addition, in some application scenarios, multiple photovoltaic arrays and BOOST circuits can be connected in parallel or in series to achieve higher output power or voltage, thereby meeting the needs of larger power loads. The multi-channel parallel design can further improve the redundancy of the system. When a single channel fails, other channels can automatically take over the work to ensure continuous operation and stable power supply of the system.

[0078] In addition, the system can detect and respond to potential modulation anomalies or power fluctuations through preset safety mechanisms. For example, when abnormal power fluctuations occur, the system can automatically trigger a protection mechanism to temporarily stop modulation or reduce output power to prevent signal distortion or system failure caused by modulation anomalies.

[0079] The decentralized structure system of the present invention is composed of multiple independent energy transmission links, and each link can independently transmit energy and information. In this embodiment, the laser and photovoltaic array in each link are relatively independent, forming multiple parallel transmission channels. This design enables the system to fully utilize the parallel working characteristics of multiple links and significantly improve the overall information transmission rate. Specifically, the overall information transmission rate of the system can reach N times the rate of a single link (where N is the number of independent energy transmission links). This parallel structure not only improves the efficiency of information transmission, but also enhances the flexibility and fault tolerance of the system.

[0080] In addition, since each link can demodulate information independently, the data transmission capacity of the system is significantly improved. When multiple links are working simultaneously, the system's transmission information content can be expanded to 2^N different information combinations. This design greatly increases the system's transmission capacity and is particularly suitable for scenarios that require the simultaneous transmission of large amounts of data or multiple types of information.

[0081] For any incomplete description of the decentralized structure laser wireless energy transmission system, please refer to the decentralized structure laser wireless energy transmission system disclosed in the invention patent application CN202311740937.8. This type of structure has certain advantages in flexibility, power expansion capability, fault-tolerant control capability, safety and reliability, and also has certain advantages in actual cost. The abstract is introduced here as a supplement to the content of the present invention: a decentralized structure laser wireless energy transmission system, including multiple independently controlled laser energy transmission links, each laser energy transmission link is coordinated and controlled by the upper laser power master control; wherein each laser energy transmission link is provided with a laser-photovoltaic array group that works or is cut off together, forming a laser-photovoltaic array cluster in the system; the energy driven laser cluster obtained by the input power source is converted into multiple energy transmission laser beams, and the multiple energy transmission laser beams are hit on the photovoltaic array cluster, and after photoelectric conversion, the energy is transmitted to the payload or energy storage link in the form of the same voltage and current superposition.

[0082] Figure 3 This is the amplitude modulation process diagram of the three-laser beam combination. Figure 3As shown in the figure, this figure shows the square wave modulation signals of three lasers and their superimposed composite signals: Laser1 Signal: The square wave signal corresponds to the binary "1011001101", with amplitudes of +1 and -1. Laser2 Signal: The square wave signal corresponds to the binary "1001001100", with amplitudes of +2 and -2. Laser3Signal: The square wave signal corresponds to the binary "0101101011", with amplitudes of +4 and -4. Combined Signal: This curve shows the superposition result of the three laser signals. The values ​​of different pulse codes can be extracted through the composite signal. CombinedSignal = (LD1+LD2+LD3), which helps to understand how to achieve accurate transmission and decoding of information through laser signals of different amplitudes in a dispersed structure laser energy transmission system.

[0083] The above content describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. In the specific implementation, the power electronic converter topology, controller, distributed structure energy transmission system composition, laser / photovoltaic array model or quantity, signal pulse coding amplitude, etc. can be selected or transformed according to actual needs. It should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, and technicians in related professions can make various deformations and modifications within the scope of the claims, but this does not affect the essential content of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carrier communication method for a dispersed structure laser energy transmission system, characterized in that: It uses semiconductor lasers as electro-optical conversion devices. At the transmitting end, it combines a power controller and a signal modulator to achieve energy transmission while superimposing the modulated signal on the laser beam to achieve energy and information superposition. At the receiving end, a photovoltaic array is used to convert the received laser beam energy into electrical energy, and at the same time, the modulated information is extracted to achieve energy and information separation. It sets up multiple independent energy transmission links, each link transmits energy and information independently, and each link is connected to a photovoltaic array to achieve energy conversion and information demodulation.

2. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It uses a power electronic converter as the driver of the laser at the transmitting end, and uses a BUCK circuit as the driving circuit of the laser. The output voltage and current are controlled by adjusting the duty cycle, thereby adjusting the driving power of the laser. The BUCK circuit receives the DC voltage from the DC input power supply, controls the on and off of the switch tube Q4, adjusts the voltage distribution between the capacitors C1 and C2, and finally outputs a stable driving current I ref to the laser diode.

3. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the preset duty cycle, a PWM modulation signal is generated by a digital signal processor DSP, and is used to drive the gate of the switch tube, thereby controlling the on and off states of the switch tube Q4.

4. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Equipped with multiple independent BUCK drivers and lasers.

5. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmitter uses amplitude pulse coding ASK modulation technology. ASK modulation represents binary information by changing the amplitude of the carrier based on a fixed carrier frequency.

6. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power controller predicts the actual output power P in real time real With reference power P ref The difference between the two generates the feedback current signal I feedback The power operating point of the laser is adjusted by the current controller.

7. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving end uses a power electronic converter BOOST circuit as a photovoltaic converter. The core components of the BOOST circuit include inductor L2, switch tube Q2, diode D3 and capacitor C3. By adjusting the duty cycle of the BOOST circuit, the output voltage V pv and current I pv , to achieve stable transmission of electric energy while maintaining efficient energy conversion. The PWM controller at the receiving end monitors the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic array in real time, and dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the switch tube Q2 through the feedback loop.

8. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal demodulator at the receiving end is responsible for extracting the superimposed ASK modulation signal from the current signal output by the BOOST circuit and demodulating it into the original binary information. The signal demodulator uses a digital signal processor DSP for signal processing.

9. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each independent energy transmission link consists of multiple lasers irradiating the same photovoltaic array. When multiple lasers work together, the modulation amplitude of each laser is adjusted, and a different modulation amplitude is assigned to each laser, thereby ensuring that the information in the multi-laser system can be correctly demodulated.

10. The carrier communication method of the dispersed structure laser energy transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection circuits are introduced into the BOOST circuit, and multiple photovoltaic arrays and BOOST circuits are connected in parallel or in series to achieve higher output power or voltage.

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