Application of ficus pumila fruit extract in improvement of allergic asthma

Abstract

The invention provides application of a ficus pumila fruit extract in improvement of allergic asthma, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. According to the present invention, the expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-[kappa] B pathway related proteins are adjusted by using the ficus pumila fruit extract so as to alleviate or improve the allergic asthma symptom. The ficus pumila fruit extract is a ficus pumila fruit aqueous extract or ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide, and can reverse abnormality of organ indexes of mice with allergic asthma, recover integrity of weight and intestinal structures of the mice and slow down oxidative stress reactions in intestinal tracts of the mice, including reduction of SOD in the intestinal tracts, improvement of MDA level and reduction of inflammatory factor level in alveolar lavage fluid. Comprise the concentration of TNF-alpha and the levels of interleukin-5 and interleukin-13, and the curative effect on allergic asthma is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, and in particular to use of a Ficus pumila fruit extract in improving allergic asthma. Background Art

[0002] Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, usually caused by environmental allergens, characterized by increased airway responsiveness, excessive mucus secretion, airway remodeling and airway stenosis. The incidence of allergic asthma, especially childhood asthma, has been increasing in the past few years, seriously endangering human health and life. Allergic asthma often leads to thickening of the reticular basement membrane of the airways, hypertrophy of smooth muscles, infiltration of various inflammatory cells in the lungs, and may also induce a series of complications.

[0003] Currently, effective treatments include control drugs such as corticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists, β2 receptor agonists, etc., and reliever drugs such as short-acting theophylline or systemic hormone drugs. However, they are accompanied by various side effects, such as metabolic disorders, decreased resistance, and restricted growth and development. Therefore, it is necessary to seek healthier and safer treatment methods.

[0004] The occurrence mechanism of allergic asthma is complex. It generally leads to severe inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue, causing damage to the lung tissue. It may also affect the intestinal and immune systems. It will also affect various inflammatory factors in the alveolar lavage fluid and the level of intestinal oxidative stress, which is not conducive to the growth of the body.

[0005] Ficus pumila is a climbing or creeping plant of the Moraceae family and the genus Ficus, which mainly grows in subtropical biomes. Its fruit is sour, flat, non-toxic, slightly cool, and is often used to make jelly. In addition, Ficus pumila fruit has the effects of dispelling wind, promoting dampness, promoting blood circulation, and detoxifying, and can treat rheumatic paralysis, traumatic injuries, and carbuncles and boils. Studies have shown that Ficus pumila fruit also has a variety of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides use of a Ficus pumila fruit extract in improving allergic asthma.

[0007] At present, the research on Ficus pumila fruit is mainly in the food, health care products and cosmetics industries. For example, Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides are widely used as thickeners and emulsifiers in the food industry. In recent years, it has also shown great potential in medical research and pharmaceutical preparations, such as anti-tumor and immunomodulation. Studies have shown that different Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide components can exert their activity through a variety of physiological mechanisms, assist in the treatment of a variety of diseases such as cancer, and enhance the body's immune function. However, on the one hand, the extraction process is complicated, and on the other hand, the mechanism of action and metabolic pathway are unclear, which limits the application of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides in medical research and pharmaceutical preparations.

[0008] The inventors of the present invention have found that the extract of Ficus pumila fruit can regulate the expression of proteins related to the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathways, thereby alleviating or improving allergic asthma, especially allergic asthma caused by ovalbumin (OVA).

[0009] Furthermore, the use is that the Ficus pumila fruit extract can improve the symptoms of allergic asthma, specifically including: (1) Reversing the abnormalities of organ indexes and restoring the integrity of mouse body weight and intestinal structure; (2) Alleviate the oxidative stress response in the intestines of mice, including reducing the level of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and increasing the level of MDA (malondialdehyde) in the intestines. (3) Reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, including TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) concentration, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 levels.

[0010] Furthermore, the Ficus pumila fruit extract of the present invention refers to the Ficus pumila fruit water extract.

[0011] Furthermore, the Ficus pumila fruit water extract is prepared by the following method: (1-1) boiling the Ficus pumila fruit in water, filtering and centrifuging to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution; (1-2) The Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution obtained in step (1-1) is concentrated and freeze-dried to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract.

[0012] In the above method, the Ficus pumila fruit in step (1-1) refers to the fruit part of Ficus pumila, for example, it can be fresh Ficus pumila fruit or powder obtained by drying and crushing fresh Ficus pumila fruit.

[0013] The applicable boiling temperature may be 85-100°C, such as 90°C, 93°C, 95°C, 96°C, 98°C, etc.

[0014] The applicable boiling time may be 1-4 hours, for example, 1.5h, 2h, 2.3h, 3h, etc.

[0015] The suitable material-liquid ratio (Ficus pumila fruit (weight): water (volume)) can be 1kg:2-20L. For example, it can be 1kg:5L, 1kg:10L, 1kg:15L, 1kg:20L, etc.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of the above-mentioned Ficus pumila fruit water extract comprises the following steps: (1) Steaming the Ficus pumila fruit in a water bath at 95°C for 2 hours, filtering the filtrate and centrifuging to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution; (2) The Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution of step (1) is concentrated by rotary evaporation, and the concentrate is freeze-dried to obtain the Ficus pumila fruit water extract.

[0017] Furthermore, the Ficus pumila fruit extract of the present invention refers to Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide.

[0018] The above-mentioned Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide can be prepared by the following method: (2-1) boiling the Ficus pumila fruit in water, filtering and centrifuging to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution; (2-2) The Ficus pumila fruit water extract obtained in step (2-1) is mixed with ethanol, allowed to stand for alcohol precipitation, and the precipitate is collected to obtain crude polysaccharide.

[0019] In step (2-1), the applicable boiling temperature may be 85-100°C, such as 90°C, 93°C, 95°C, 96°C, 98°C, etc.

[0020] The applicable boiling time may be 1-4 hours, for example, 1.5h, 2h, 2.3h, 3h, etc.

[0021] The suitable material-liquid ratio (Ficus pumila fruit (weight): water (volume)) can be 1kg:2-20L. For example, it can be 1kg:5L, 1kg:10L, 1kg:15L, 1kg:20L, etc.

[0022] In step (2-2), the Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution of step (2-1) is mixed with ethanol to a concentration of 80%, and then placed at room temperature overnight for alcohol precipitation, followed by centrifugation and collection of the precipitate to obtain crude polysaccharide.

[0023] Furthermore, the preparation method of the Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide may further comprise the following steps: (2-3) adding water to redissolve the crude polysaccharide obtained in step (2-2), and rotary evaporating to obtain a concentrated solution; (2-4) removing protein from the concentrated solution obtained in step (2-3) and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant; (2-5) The supernatant obtained in step (2-4) is concentrated, dialyzed, and freeze-dried.

[0024] In step (2-3), the precipitate obtained in step (2-2) is redissolved, for example, ultrapure water is added to the precipitate obtained in step (2-2) to redissolve it. The amount of ultrapure water used can be 100 mL, 200 mL, 300 mL, 400 mL, or 500 mL.

[0025] Then the pH of the system is adjusted to weak alkalinity, such as to pH 6, and then rotary evaporation (for example, by a rotary evaporator) is performed to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0026] In the present invention, "relief" means that the symptoms are temporarily alleviated or disappear. "Improvement" means that the symptoms or the state of the disease gradually develop in a better direction, including partial treatment of the cause. The Ficus pumila fruit extract in the present invention can relieve and improve allergic asthma, especially allergic asthma caused by ovalbumin.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) The extraction process of the Ficus pumila fruit extract is simple, and the ingredients are simple and safe, which is conducive to the industrial application of the Ficus pumila fruit. The Ficus pumila fruit extract of the present invention can be prepared by boiling in water and then centrifuging, concentrating, and freeze-drying, or boiling in water and then alcohol precipitation, concentrating, removing protein, concentrating, and freeze-drying.

[0028] 2) The Ficus pumila fruit extract of the present invention can alleviate the symptoms of allergic asthma by improving intestinal damage.

[0029] 3) The Ficus pumila fruit extract of the present invention is effective in improving allergic asthma: (1) It can reverse the abnormalities of organ indexes and restore the integrity of mouse body weight and intestinal structure. (2) It can slow down the oxidative stress response in the intestines of mice, including reducing the level of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and increasing the level of MDA (malondialdehyde) in the intestines. (3) It can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, including TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) concentration, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of thermogravimetric analysis of water extract and polysaccharides from Ficus pumila fruit; Figure 2 The SEM images of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide, A, B, C are schematic diagrams of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide at 50×, 200×, and 500× magnifications, respectively, and D, E, and F are schematic diagrams of Ficus pumila fruit water extract at 50×, 200×, and 500× magnifications, respectively; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of infrared spectrum of water extract and polysaccharide of Ficus pumila fruit; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the animal experiment modeling scheme; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the effects of Ficus pumila fruit water extract and Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide on the body weight of allergic asthma mice; Figure 6 The figure shows the changes of organ indexes of mice with allergic asthma induced by Ficus pumila fruit water extract and Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide, wherein A represents the schematic diagram of organ index of lung, B represents the schematic diagram of organ index of liver, C represents the schematic diagram of organ index of spleen, and D represents the schematic diagram of organ index of thymus; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the effects of Ficus pumila fruit water extract and Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide on intestinal pathology and oxidative stress indicators in allergic asthma mice, wherein A represents the schematic diagram of H&E staining of the small intestine, with a magnification of 200×, B represents the schematic diagram of H&E staining of the colon, with a magnification of 200×, C represents the schematic diagram of SOD level in the colon, and D represents the schematic diagram of MDA level in the colon; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of biochemical analysis of Ficus pumila fruit water extract and Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide on lung and intestine of allergic asthma mice, wherein A represents the schematic diagram of IL-5 level, B represents the schematic diagram of IL-13 level, and C represents the schematic diagram of TNF-α level; Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the expression of proteins related to the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway in allergic asthma mice by the water extract of Ficus pumila fruit and Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide, wherein A represents the protein level of β-actin (β-actin), P38 (P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase), P-P38 (phosphorylated P38), ERK (Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase), P-ERK (phosphorylated ERK), JNK (Jun N-terminal kinase), P-JNK (phosphorylated JNK, protein Phosphorylated JNK), B represents the relative protein expression of P-ERK / ERK, C represents the relative protein expression of P-P38 / P38, and D represents the relative protein expression of P-JNK / JNK; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the expression of NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) pathway related proteins in allergic asthma mice treated with Ficus pumila fruit water extract and Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides, wherein A represents the protein levels of β-actin, P65 (p65 subunit of NF-κB), P-P65 (phosphorylated p65 protein), IκBα (inhibitor of NF-κBα), and P-IκBα (phosphorylated IκBα protein), B represents the relative protein expression of P-IκBα / IκBα, and C represents the relative protein expression of P-P65 / P65.

[0031] In the above figures, "NC" means "blank group", "MC" means "model group", "Dex" means "positive drug group", "FPWH" means "high-dose group of Ficus pumila fruit water extract", "FPWL" means "low-dose group of Ficus pumila fruit water extract", "FPPH" means "high-dose group of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide", "FPPL" means "low-dose group of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide", "FPW" means "Ficus pumila fruit water extract group", and "FPP" means "Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide group". DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0033] Example 1 Preparation of Ficus pumila fruit extract Mix the dried Ficus pumila fruit slices at a ratio of 1:20 ( w:v ) in a ratio of 95°C for 2 hours in a water bath, the filtrate was filtered and centrifuged to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution, the Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution was concentrated by rotary evaporation, and the concentrate was freeze-dried to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract.

[0034] The above-mentioned Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution was mixed with ethanol in a certain proportion so that the ethanol concentration after the mixture was 80%, and the mixture was placed at room temperature overnight. On the second day, the mixture was centrifuged to collect the precipitate, which was redissolved in 300 mL of ultrapure water. After adjusting the pH to 6 with hydrochloric acid, the solution was concentrated by rotary evaporation at 50°C and a speed of 45r. Subsequently, the solution was deproteinized by using papain (3 g / L) in a 60°C water bath for three hours, then the enzyme was inactivated at 95°C, the enzyme precipitate was removed by centrifugation, the supernatant solution was concentrated by rotary evaporation to less than 100 mL, and sevage reagent was prepared with chloroform: n-butanol = 4:1, the sugar solution was poured into a blue-capped bottle, sevage reagent was added according to the ratio of sugar solution: sevage reagent = 4:1, the bottle was covered with a lid and shaken (pay attention to venting) for 15 minutes, repeated 3 times, centrifuged at 3500r / min, 5min, the supernatant was rotary evaporated to less than 100 mL, put into a dialysis bag for dialyzing for 3 days, and freeze-dried after dialysis to obtain Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide.

[0035] Example 2 Determination of Physicochemical Characterization of Ficus Ficus Carica Fruit Polysaccharides and Water Extracts 1. TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis): The thermal properties of the samples were tested using TGA (TGA-4000, PE, USA). The temperature range was 30°C to 500°C, and the heating rate was 10°C per minute.

[0036] The results showed that as the heating temperature increased, the weight of both the Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and the water extract decreased significantly. The weight change in the first stage (35-140°C) was very small, which was due to the evaporation of the bound water and free water of the sample. In the second stage (185-400°C), the sample weight dropped rapidly due to the decomposition and depolymerization of the polysaccharide. Overall, the weight of the Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide decreased by 69.5%, which was significantly higher than the 56.25% change of the Ficus pumila fruit water extract, indicating that the thermal stability of the Ficus pumila fruit water extract was better than that of the Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide. It showed that the Ficus pumila fruit water extract could be stored longer in harsh environments and was not easy to deteriorate compared to the Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide. For details, see Figure 1 .

[0037] 2. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analysis: Use a scanning electron microscope to observe the microstructure of the sample. Use double-sided tape to fix the sample on the sample stage and plate gold in a vacuum environment.

[0038] The results showed that the microstructure of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and its water extract were observed under scanning electron microscope at 50×, 200× and 500×. Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide had fewer fragments, was smoother, and had a relatively flat surface. Ficus pumila fruit water extract showed a rough fragment structure, with more fine fragments than Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide. Even at 500× magnification, it was still not smooth and uniform, and more fragments were observed on the surface. Figure 2 .

[0039] 3. Particle size and zeta potential analysis: The particle size distribution and zeta potential of 1 mg / mL Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and water extract solution were measured at 25°C using a Zetasizer Nano-ZS90 dynamics analyzer.

[0040] The results are shown in Table 1. The particle sizes of the polysaccharide and water extract of Pseudo-Pitrina pumila fruit were 385.6 nm and 274.0 nm, respectively, and the zeta potentials were -26.2 and -19.4, respectively. This indicates that both substances are negatively charged, which may be due to the presence of uronic acid and carboxylate. The results show that the stability of the polysaccharide solution is better than that of the water extract solution. The larger the absolute value of the zeta potential, the more stable the system, which is conducive to maintaining the solution state.

[0041] Table 1: Particle size and Zeta potential analysis of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides and their aqueous extracts

[0042] 4. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis: KBr fine powder was ground with a small amount of sample, pressed into thin sheets, and then analyzed using FT-IR system at 400-4000 cm -1Thermogravimetric and morphological analysis of Ficus pumila fruit.

[0043] From the infrared spectrum analysis, we can see that 3400 cm -1 The peaks on the left and right are caused by the stretching vibration of OH in the molecule, 2940 cm -1 The peaks on the left and right are caused by CH stretching vibration, both of which are the main characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides. -1 The peaks on the left and right are due to the presence of bound water, at 1410 cm -1 The peaks observed near 1000–1200 cm are due to asymmetric stretching vibrations associated with the carboxyl functional groups. -1 The peaks observed in the range of 1746 cm-1 and 1766 cm-2 confirmed the presence of COC and COH bonds. -1 The absorption peaks of the compounds correspond to C=O. These functional groups affect their biological activity. Figure 3 .

[0044] Example 3 Effect of Ficus pumila fruit extract on OVA-induced allergic asthma 1. Experimental Materials and Methods 6-8 weeks old SPF male ICR mice were randomly divided into seven groups: NC, MC, Dex, FPWH, FPWL, FPPH, and FPPL, with 6 mice in each group. All mice were placed in an environment of 22±2℃ with a 12-hour light-dark cycle for 7 days.

[0045] 2. Modeling and drug administration of allergic asthma model Sensitization phase: All groups except the NC group were intraperitoneally injected with a combined solution containing 50 μg OVA and 2 mg aluminum hydroxide adjuvant on days 0, 7, and 14. The mice in the NC group were intraperitoneally injected with an equal amount of 0.9% saline.

[0046] Provocation phase: From the 21st day to the 42nd day, each mouse inhaled 5% OVA solution or 0.9% saline solution every day for 30 minutes. For the FPW and FPP groups, different concentrations of FPW (Ficus pumila fruit water extract) and FPP (Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide) solutions were gavaged every day at a dose of 0.1 mL per 10 g of mouse body weight according to Table 2. The Dex group was gavaged at a dose of 0.1 mL per 20 g of mouse body weight every day. The NC and MC groups were gavaged with 0.1 mL of saline solution per 10 g of mouse body weight every day. For details, see Figure 4 .

[0047] Table 2: Pesticide concentrations in each group

[0048] 3. Sample collection Mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation. The head and forelimbs of the mice were fixed to keep the trachea parallel, the trachea was opened with surgical scissors, a cannula was inserted, and the trachea was ligated. 0.5 mL of sterile PBS buffer was injected into the lungs through the cannula, the lungs were gently massaged, and the lavage fluid was collected by back suction. The lavage was repeated 3 times, and more than 1 mL of lavage fluid was collected in total. The collected lavage fluid was centrifuged at 4°C and 3000 rpm for 10 min, the supernatant was collected, and stored at -80°C, and the lung, spleen, liver, thymus, small intestine, and colon tissues were collected for subsequent experiments.

[0049] 4 Experimental operation Calculation of body weight and organ index: The daily body weight of all mice was recorded. After the mice were dissected, the weight of the thymus, spleen, lung, and liver was weighed. Various organ indexes were calculated according to organ mass (mg) / mouse weight (g).

[0050] Histopathology: The small intestine and colon were cleaned and immediately immersed in tissue fixative. H&E staining was used to observe the morphological changes of intestinal tissue.

[0051] Cytokine determination: SOD, MDA and TNF-α detection kits produced by BOSTER Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Bio-Tech Biotechnology Co., Ltd. were used to determine the biochemical indexes of mouse colon for analyzing oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in mouse colon. IL-13 and IL-5 rapid detection kits were used to detect cytokine levels in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

[0052] Western blotting: Weigh an appropriate amount of lung tissue, prepare IP lysate at a ratio of PMSF: IP of 1:99, and extract protein from lung tissue. Separate proteins by electrophoresis, transfer to membrane, block, incubate with primary antibody overnight, incubate with secondary antibody, etc. to observe protein expression. Western blotting signals were detected using the Gel Doc XR + system and quantitatively analyzed using Image Lab software.

[0053] 5. Test results Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). SPSS version 26 (IBM, USA) was used for one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test. p < 0.05 indicated statistically significant differences.

[0054] 5.1 Effects of Ficus pumila fruit on body weight and organ indexes in mice After intraperitoneal injection of OVA, the body weight decreased significantly and the appetite decreased compared with the state before injection. Compared with the NC group, the weight gain of mice in the MC group was the slowest, while after injection of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and water extract, the weight gain of mice was faster, approaching that of the NC group to varying degrees ( Figure 5One of the reasons for the change in mouse weight may be the change in organ indexes. Compared with the NC group, the MC group had swollen lungs, decreased liver index, and increased thymus and spleen indexes, which were partially alleviated after administration of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides and water extracts, see Figure 6 .

[0055] 5.2 Effects of Ficus pumila fruit on intestinal pathological changes in mice The small intestine of mice in the NC group had normal morphology and intact villi. Compared with the NC group, the small intestine of mice in the MC group had loose tissue, partial detachment, and obvious damage to the intestinal wall. After intervention with Ficus pumila fruit, these symptoms were significantly alleviated. Similarly, the colon of MC mice was also severely damaged, with mucosal detachment, damaged morphology, and many abnormal areas. After intervention with Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides and water extracts, the symptoms of damage were significantly improved. After OVA entered the mice through the respiratory system, the mice's intestines were severely damaged, aggravating intestinal damage. Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides and water extracts, as active ingredients of beneficial medicinal plants, can alleviate the symptoms of allergic asthma mice by improving intestinal damage, see Figure 7 AB.

[0056] 5.3 Effects of Ficus pumila fruit on changes in biochemical parameters of mice In order to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism by which Ficus pumila fruit alleviates the symptoms of allergic asthma in mice, this study further evaluated the oxidative stress indicators in the intestine and the levels of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Compared with the NC group, the levels of SOD and TNF-α in the MC group decreased, while the level of MDA increased, which were all improved by the intervention of Ficus pumila fruit. Figure 7 CD and Figure 8 C. It is worth noting that for these three indicators, the effect of the water extract of Ficus pumila fruit was better than that of polysaccharides at the same dose. Regarding the inflammatory factors in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the levels of interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 in the MC group were higher than those in the NC group, but after the intervention of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides and water extracts, the levels of these cytokines decreased to varying degrees, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 8 AB.

[0057] 5.4 Effect of Ficus pumila fruit on the expression of proteins related to the MAPK / NF-κB signaling pathway in mouse lung tissue In allergic asthma mice, severe lung inflammation activated serine-threonine protein kinase. This study continued to explore the changes in the MAPK / NF-κB signaling pathway in lung tissue and further studied the mechanism by which P. litchi fruit affects allergic asthma. Compared with the NC group, the expression of P-JNK / JNK in the MC group decreased by 60.5%, the expression of P-P38 / P38 increased by 93.1%, and the expression of P-ERK / ERK increased by 174.4%. Fig. 9AD. Compared with the MC group, the expression of P-JNK / JNK increased, while the ratios of P-P38 / P38 and P-ERK / ERK decreased in the Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and water extract groups. Ficus pumila fruit reversed the abnormal protein expression caused by OVA, bringing it close to the protein expression level of the NC group. Similarly, in the NF-κB signaling pathway, the ratio of P-P65 / P65 decreased by 88.3% and the expression of P-IκBα / IκBα decreased by 50.4% in the MC group compared with the NC group. However, compared with the MC group, after the intervention of Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and water extract, the ratios of P-P65 / P65 and P-IκBα / IκBα both rebounded significantly, as shown in Figure 2. Fig.10 AC. The above results showed that Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharides and water extracts relieved and improved allergic asthma in mice through MAPK and NF-κB pathways.

[0058] In summary, Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide and its aqueous extract can significantly improve and relieve the symptoms of allergic asthma in mice. Although the present invention has disclosed more detailed embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make some changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. Use of a Ficus pumila fruit extract in the preparation of a medicament for improving or relieving allergic asthma.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The ficus pumila fruit extract is achieved by regulating the expression of proteins related to the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathways.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The allergic asthma is caused by ovalbumin.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The improvement or relief of allergic asthma includes: (1) Reversing the abnormalities of organ indexes and restoring the integrity of mouse body weight and intestinal structure; (2) Alleviate the oxidative stress response in the intestines of mice, including reducing SOD in the intestines and increasing MDA levels. (3) Reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, including TNF-α concentration, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 levels.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Ficus pumila fruit extract is a water extract of Ficus pumila fruit.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The Ficus pumila fruit water extract comprises the following preparation steps: (1-1) boiling the Ficus pumila fruit in water, filtering and centrifuging to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution; (1-2) The Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution obtained in step (1-1) is concentrated and freeze-dried to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract.

7. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The Ficus pumila fruit extract is Ficus pumila fruit polysaccharide.

8. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The Ficus pumila fruit extract is obtained by the following method: (2-1) boiling the Ficus pumila fruit in water, filtering and centrifuging to obtain a Ficus pumila fruit water extract solution; (2-2) The Ficus pumila fruit water extract obtained in step (2-1) is mixed with ethanol and allowed to stand for alcohol precipitation, and the precipitate is collected to obtain crude polysaccharide.

9. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The Ficus pumila fruit extract improves intestinal damage and allergic asthma at the same time.

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