Continuous treatment method for environment-friendly dredging and solidification treatment of river and lake polluted bottom mud

Abstract

The invention discloses a river and lake polluted bottom mud environment-friendly dredging and solidification treatment continuous treatment method, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection engineering.The method comprises the following components of S100, ecological dredging control range and depth, S200, bottom mud conveying and dewatering, S300, solidification treatment and resource utilization, and S400, residual water treatment and recycling. According to the method, the control range and depth of ecological dredging are accurately determined, the influence of the flow speed and the flow direction on migration and transformation of bottom mud pollutants is simulated through a hydrodynamic model, large-scale release of the pollutants in the dredging process is effectively avoided, meanwhile, in the bottom mud conveying and dewatering stage, efficient conveying equipment and an optimized filtering device are adopted, and the efficiency is improved. Disturbance and release of the bottom mud in the conveying and dewatering process are reduced, and the risk of secondary pollution is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection engineering, and in particular to a continuous treatment method for environmental protection dredging and solidification disposal of polluted sludge in rivers and lakes. Background Art

[0002] The treatment of polluted sediments in rivers and lakes has always been an important topic in the field of environmental engineering technology. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of pollutants enter the water bodies through various channels and gradually accumulate in the sediments. These pollutants not only seriously damage the aquatic ecosystem, but also threaten human drinking water safety and health.

[0003] Traditional ecological dredging technology has obvious shortcomings. Due to the lack of scientific and accurate simulation and evaluation methods, traditional methods often find it difficult to accurately define the scope and depth of dredging, resulting in dredging activities that are too blind and unable to effectively remove contaminated sludge. It may also cause unnecessary damage to the water environment. The traditional dredging process lacks an effective pollutant migration and transformation control mechanism, which can easily cause secondary release of pollutants during the dredging process, further aggravating water pollution.

[0004] In summary, traditional methods for treating polluted river and lake sediments have many shortcomings in terms of the scope and depth of ecological dredging control, and cannot meet the urgent needs of the current environmental protection situation. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification disposal of polluted river and lake sediments. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a continuous treatment method for the environmental dredging and solidification disposal of polluted river and lake sludge. The method accurately determines the control range and depth of ecological dredging, uses a hydrodynamic model to simulate the influence of flow velocity and flow direction on the migration and transformation of sediment pollutants, effectively avoids the large-scale release of pollutants during dredging, and effectively controls secondary pollution.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a continuous treatment method for environmental protection dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge, characterized in that the method comprises the following specific steps:

[0007] S100, ecological dredging control scope and depth: simulate the flow velocity and flow direction parameters through the hydrodynamic model, evaluate their impact on the migration and transformation of sediment pollutants, collect water samples from the overlying water body, measure the dissolved oxygen and temperature parameters, analyze the impact of the overlying water body conditions on the release of sediment pollutants, and analyze the absorption and release characteristics of pollutants in the polluted layer sediment, evaluate the secondary pollution risks that may occur during the dredging process, and determine the dredging scope, pay special attention to the impact of flow velocity changes on sediment suspension and sedimentation, and determine the priority areas and depths of dredging in combination with the dissolved oxygen and temperature conditions of the overlying water body, focusing on the absorption and release characteristics of the polluted layer sediment to reduce secondary pollution during the dredging process;

[0008] S200, sludge conveying and dehydration: using sludge conveying equipment, optimizing the conveying path, reducing the disturbance and release of sludge during the conveying process, using a filtration device with fixed rings and floating rings stacked on each other, and realizing rapid concentration and continuous dehydration of sludge through the propulsion of the spiral shaft;

[0009] S300, solidification and resource utilization: For the dehydrated sludge, an environmentally friendly solidifying agent is used for mixing and stirring, so that the solidifying agent reacts with water to reduce the moisture content of the sludge and increase its strength. The solidified sludge can be used as building materials and backfill soil for multiple purposes to achieve resource utilization. According to the properties and strength of the solidified soil, in the treatment of urban black and smelly rivers, the solidified sludge can be reused in the river ecological restoration area to build a new ecological balance;

[0010] S400, waste water treatment and reuse: the waste water generated during the sludge transportation and dehydration process is centrally treated through a special collection system. Biological treatment and chemical precipitation processes are used to remove suspended matter and nutrient salt pollutants in the waste water to meet the discharge standards and reuse water quality requirements. The treated waste water is reused for river water replenishment, landscape water use and industrial cooling water scenes to achieve the recycling of water resources. At the same time, in conjunction with plant restoration technology and microbial restoration technology ecological measures, the self-purification capacity of the water body is further enhanced.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps of S100 are:

[0012] S101, collect detailed hydrological data of rivers and lakes, including but not limited to multi-dimensional information of flow velocity and direction at different depths and locations, and combine water temperature and density parameters. These parameters can be obtained through on-site sensors or regular sampling measurements to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the input data of the hydrodynamic model. A high-precision hydrodynamic model is used, and the formula is: Where u is the velocity vector, p is the pressure, ρ is the density, ν is the kinematic viscosity, g is the gravitational acceleration, and F T is the temperature effect term, F Dis the density effect term, F S The sediment impact item not only inputs conventional hydrological data, but also combines water body temperature and density parameters to conduct refined simulation analysis to evaluate the migration and transformation laws of sediment pollutants under different flow rates, flow directions, temperature and density changes. It pays special attention to the impact areas of small flow rate changes on sediment suspension and sedimentation. Through algorithms and models, it accurately identifies risk areas that may cause large-scale release of pollutants due to dredging activities, and its risk area identification accuracy can reach square meter level;

[0013] S102, collect water samples from the overlying water body. In addition to measuring dissolved oxygen and temperature parameters, analyze the pH and conductivity indicators of the water body. The pH and conductivity can be measured using professional water quality monitoring instruments. Multiple sampling and measurement at different time points and locations can be performed to obtain comprehensive water condition data. By establishing a multi-factor association model, the dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and conductivity parameters are associated with the threshold and rate of sediment pollutant release. Through this association model, the law of pollutant release under different combinations of water conditions can be clarified, thereby more accurately assessing the secondary pollution risks that may occur during the dredging process;

[0014] S103, conduct stratified sampling of the polluted layer sediment. The number of sampling layers is determined according to the sediment thickness and pollution degree, and is divided into 3-5 layers. Sampling equipment is used to ensure the representativeness of each layer sampling. Spectral analysis technology is used Among them, R represents the secondary pollution risk index, n represents the number of pollutant types, and w i is the weight coefficient of the i-th pollutant, C i is the content of the i-th pollutant in the sediment, M i is the mobility parameter of the ith pollutant, S i It is the bioavailability parameter of the i-th pollutant. It determines the existence form and content distribution of different pollutants in the sediment. Through spectral analysis, it can quickly and accurately obtain information on multiple pollutants in the sediment and evaluate the risk of secondary pollution that may occur during dredging.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrodynamic model of S100 specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S104, combined with the results of hydrodynamic simulation, sediment pollution status and overlying water conditions, preliminarily delineate the scope of dredging, consider the river and lake morphology, water flow conditions, surrounding ecological environment and other factors, and make multiple iterative adjustments to the dredging scope. After the preliminary delineation, simulate the water flow and pollutant diffusion under different dredging scopes again, and optimize the dredging scope according to the simulation results. At the same time, combine field surveys and monitoring data to ensure the effectiveness and safety of dredging activities, collect sediment samples, and determine the content of multiple major pollution factors such as nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, identify highly polluted areas, and determine the priority areas for dredging in combination with the overlying water conditions and the distribution characteristics of sediment pollution factors. Determine the dredging depth in different areas based on the vertical distribution of pollutants in the sediment. Through stratified sampling and analysis, clarify the enrichment layer of pollutants in the sediment, ensure that the dredging depth can effectively remove the pollution layer, and avoid excessive dredging causing waste of resources and ecological damage. This method of accurately determining the dredging scope, priority areas and depth can minimize the risk of secondary pollution during dredging, improve the dredging effect, and protect the river and lake ecosystem.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific steps of S200 are:

[0018] S201. Select sediment transport equipment, including but not limited to cutter suction dredgers, based on the underwater topography characteristics and dredging needs of rivers and lakes, to ensure that the selected equipment has the ability to efficiently and continuously transport sediment, and consider its adaptability to the environment. Analyze the underwater topography and plan a reasonable sediment transport path to reduce disturbance and release during the transport process. Consider the direction and velocity of the water flow to ensure the stability and safety of the transport path.

[0019] S202, using a cutter suction dredger to dredge and transport the bottom mud;

[0020] Power: Equipped with a high-power power system, the main engine power can reach 1000-5000 kilowatts to ensure sufficient excavation and transportation capabilities.

[0021] Excavation depth: It should be able to adapt to the water depth requirements of different rivers and lakes. The excavation depth range can be between 5-30 meters to ensure that the polluted bottom mud layer can be reached;

[0022] Mud discharge distance: It has a long mud discharge distance capability, usually up to 1000-5000 meters, so as to transport the bottom mud to the designated location;

[0023] During the transportation process, avoid areas with complex terrain, consider the direction and velocity of water flow, and try to choose to transport in the downstream direction. For long-distance transportation, reasonably set up pump station auxiliary facilities to ensure that the sludge can be smoothly transported to the destination, while maintaining stable operation of the equipment to avoid leakage and diffusion of the sludge. Set up a filter device at the end point and appropriate position of the sludge transportation, install a fixed ring, and superimpose a floating ring on the fixed ring to ensure that the filter device has sufficient filtration area and strength to withstand the pressure and flow of the sludge.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific step S200 further includes:

[0025] S203, start the filtering device, push the spiral shaft to make the sludge in the filtering device to be quickly concentrated and continuously dehydrated, monitor the dehydration process to ensure that the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to a predetermined standard, observe and record the dehydration efficiency, collect the dehydrated sludge, and prepare for subsequent solidification treatment, clean the filtering device, and ensure that it is in good working condition for the next round of sludge dehydration operation;

[0026] S204, according to the actual operation situation, optimize and adjust the parameters in the sludge transportation and dehydration process, pay attention to the stability of the transportation path, the dehydration efficiency of the filtration device, and the floor space and transportation cost factors to ensure the environmental protection and economy of the whole process.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific steps of S300 are:

[0028] S301, according to the properties of the dehydrated sludge including but not limited to particle size, porosity, pollutant components and components including but not limited to organic and inorganic content, select a cement-based environmentally friendly curing agent. This type of curing agent has good adaptability and can effectively react with the water in the sludge. When the curing agent reacts with water, a gel-like substance is generated to fill the pores between the sludge particles, thereby reducing the moisture content of the sludge. At the same time, this reaction will form chemical bonds between the sludge particles, significantly increasing the strength of the sludge. The tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate components in the cement will gradually form calcium aluminate and calcium hydroxide products during the hydration process. These products are intertwined to tightly wrap and bond the sludge particles together. In this way, the solidified sludge not only has a reduced volume and weight, which is convenient for subsequent processing and transportation, but also has better physical and mechanical properties, so that it can withstand a certain external load and meet the basic requirements as a building material or backfill soil;

[0029] S302, using professional mixing equipment, such as a forced mixer or a double-shaft mixer, the selected curing agent and the dehydrated sludge are added to the mixing equipment in a certain ratio according to the properties of the sludge and the expected curing effect through experiments. The dry weight ratio of the curing agent to the sludge may be between 1:5-1:20. The stirring time is calculated by the formula t=k×V / P, where t is the stirring time, V is the volume of the sludge, P is the stirring power, and k is the empirical coefficient. The stirring speed should be moderate and controlled at 20-60 rpm to ensure that the curing agent is evenly distributed in the sludge and achieve the best curing effect. If the stirring time is too short or the speed is too fast, the curing agent may not be fully mixed with the sludge, affecting the curing effect. If the stirring time is too long or the speed is too slow, it will increase energy consumption and processing time and reduce processing efficiency.

[0030] S303, test the solidified sludge to evaluate whether its properties and strength meet the requirements of building materials and backfill soil. If adjustment is needed, the type and dosage of the curing agent can be optimized according to the test results. According to the properties and strength of the solidified soil, its applicable scenarios and uses can be determined. In the treatment of urban black and smelly rivers, special attention should be paid to the application of solidified sludge in river ecological restoration areas. The solidified sludge should be re-applied to river ecological restoration areas to build a new ecological balance and promote the ecological restoration of the river.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific steps of S400 are:

[0032] S401, during the sludge transportation and dewatering process, a special collection system is set up to centrally collect the residual water generated, and the collection system is ensured to have sufficient capacity and efficiency to avoid leakage and diffusion of the residual water. The collected residual water is pre-treated, such as sieve filtration, to remove large particles of suspended matter, and the pre-treated residual water enters the subsequent treatment unit;

[0033] S402, the residual water after pretreatment is introduced into the biological treatment unit, and the organic pollutants and some nutrients in the residual water are removed by the degradation effect of microorganisms. In the chemical precipitation unit, an appropriate amount of chemical agents is added to the residual water, and the suspended solids and nutrient salt pollutants in the residual water are further removed by chemical precipitation.

[0034] Furthermore, the specific steps of S400 also include:

[0035] S403, conduct water quality testing on the treated residual water to ensure that it meets the discharge standards and reuse water quality requirements. If the water quality does not meet the standards, adjust the process parameters of biological treatment and chemical precipitation according to the test results, and reuse the treated residual water for river replenishment, landscape water use and industrial cooling water scenarios to ensure that the reuse water quality meets the relevant standards and avoid adverse effects on the environment and human health;

[0036] S404, while treating and reusing the residual water, cooperate with the ecological measures of plant restoration technology and microbial restoration technology to further enhance the self-purification capacity of the water body through ecological measures, promote the recovery and balance of the water ecosystem, conduct long-term monitoring of the residual water treatment and reuse system to ensure its stable operation and that the effluent water quality meets the standards. If any potential problems are found, take maintenance measures in time to ensure the long-term and effective operation of the system.

[0037] Furthermore, the specific step S400 further includes:

[0038] S405, residual water flow calculation formula: Q = A × V, where Q is the flow, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the collection pipe, and V is the water flow velocity. Design and install residual water collection pipes and storage facilities to ensure that the residual water generated during the sediment transportation and dehydration process is collected centrally through the collection system. The biological reaction rate formula is: r = k × [C] ^ n, r is the reaction rate, k is the reaction rate constant, [C] is the pollutant concentration, and n is the reaction order. Build a biological treatment pool, introduce microbial communities, control temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH conditions, and use microbial decomposition and conversion to remove organic matter and some nutrients in the residual water.

[0039] Compared with the existing technology, a continuous treatment method for environmental protection dredging and solidification disposal of polluted river and lake sludge has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. This method accurately determines the control range and depth of ecological dredging, and uses hydrodynamic models to simulate the impact of flow velocity and direction on the migration and transformation of sediment pollutants, effectively avoiding the large-scale release of pollutants during dredging. At the same time, during the sediment transportation and dehydration stages, efficient transportation equipment and optimized filtration devices are used to reduce the disturbance and release of sediment during transportation and dehydration, further reducing the risk of secondary pollution.

[0041] 2. This method successfully transforms the solidified sludge into building materials, backfill soil and other uses, thus realizing the resource utilization of sludge. Especially in the treatment of urban black and smelly rivers, the solidified sludge can be reused in the river ecological restoration area to build a new ecological balance and promote the recovery of the water ecosystem. In addition, the residual water generated during the sludge transportation and dehydration process can be used for river replenishment, landscape water use and industrial cooling water scenes after being treated and purified by a special collection system, thus realizing the recycling of water resources. This process not only reduces wastewater discharge, but also saves water resources, which is of great significance to improving environmental quality and promoting sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 A flow chart of a continuous treatment method for environmentally friendly dredging and solidification disposal of polluted sediments in rivers and lakes;

[0044] Figure 2 Flow chart showing the schematic diagram of the operation of the sludge transport and dewatering equipment;

[0045] Figure 3 Flow chart of the sediment solidification treatment phase;

[0046] Figure 4 Flowchart of the preliminary assessment and planning process for environmental dredging of polluted sediments from rivers and lakes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] Collect hydrological data of rivers and lakes, including flow velocity and direction, and use hydrodynamic models Where u is the velocity vector, p is the pressure, ρ is the density, ν is the kinematic viscosity, g is the gravitational acceleration, and F T is the temperature effect term, F D is the density effect term, F SIt is the sediment impact item, and a simulation analysis is carried out. By simulating the migration and transformation laws of sediment pollutants under different flow rates and flow directions, special attention is paid to the impact of flow rate changes on sediment suspension and deposition, and the risk areas that may lead to large-scale release of pollutants due to dredging activities are identified. Combined with the hydrodynamic simulation results and sediment pollution conditions, the dredging scope is preliminarily delineated. At the same time, considering the river and lake morphology and water flow conditions, the dredging scope is appropriately adjusted to ensure the effectiveness and safety of dredging activities. Sediment samples are collected, the content and spatial distribution characteristics of the main pollution factors of nitrogen and phosphorus are analyzed, and high-pollution areas are identified. At the same time, water samples of overlying water bodies are collected, dissolved oxygen and temperature parameters are measured, and the impact of overlying water conditions on the release of sediment pollutants is analyzed. Based on the above information, the priority areas and depths of dredging are determined, and the absorption and release characteristics of the sediment in the contaminated layer are focused on to reduce secondary pollution during the dredging process.

[0050] According to the underwater terrain characteristics and dredging needs of river and lake waters, efficient cutter suction dredgers are selected as sediment conveying equipment, the underwater terrain is analyzed, and a reasonable sediment conveying path is planned to reduce disturbance and release during the conveying process. At the same time, the direction and velocity of the water flow are considered to ensure the stability and safety of the conveying path. The cutter suction dredger is used to excavate and convey the sediment, maintain the stable operation of the equipment, and avoid the leakage and diffusion of the sediment. At the end point and appropriate position of the sediment conveying, a filtering device with fixed rings and floating rings stacked on each other is set. The rapid concentration and continuous dehydration of the sediment are achieved through the push of the spiral shaft. This process not only improves the dehydration efficiency, but also significantly reduces the floor space and transportation costs.

[0051] An environmentally friendly curing agent is selected and mixed with the dehydrated sludge. The curing agent reacts with water to produce a hydration reaction, which effectively reduces the moisture content of the sludge and significantly increases its strength. This curing treatment not only reduces the volume and weight of the sludge, but also gives it better physical and mechanical properties. The solidified sludge can be used as a high-quality building material. According to the properties and strength of the solidified soil, it can be applied to many fields of urban greening and municipal construction, including paving park trails, backfilling retaining walls, road construction and embankment construction. Especially in the treatment of urban black and smelly rivers, the solidified sludge can be reused in the river ecological restoration area to build a new ecological balance and achieve a win-win situation for ecology and economy.

[0052] The residual water generated during the sediment transportation and dehydration process is centrally treated through a special collection system. Biological treatment and chemical precipitation processes are used to remove suspended matter and nutrient salt pollutants in the residual water to meet the discharge standards and reuse water quality requirements. The treated residual water is reused for urban landscape water, green irrigation and industrial cooling water scenes to achieve effective recycling of water resources. At the same time, in conjunction with plant restoration technology, microbial restoration technology and ecological measures, the self-purification capacity of water bodies is further enhanced to consolidate the results of governance.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] Using high-precision hydrodynamic models, real-time lake flow velocity and flow direction data are input to simulate the suspension and sedimentation behavior of sediments under different scenarios, and scientifically evaluate their impact on the migration and transformation of pollutants, so as to accurately define a reasonable dredging scope. Combined with the spatial distribution characteristics of the main pollution factors of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment, as well as the dissolved oxygen and temperature conditions of the overlying water body, the most polluted areas are identified as priority cleanup targets. At the same time, attention is paid to areas that are sensitive to the effects of flow velocity changes on sediment suspension and sedimentation, to avoid secondary release of pollutants during dredging. Based on the above analysis, a detailed dredging plan is formulated to clarify the scope, depth, and time nodes of dredging to ensure that dredging activities are both efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0055] According to the complexity of the underwater topography of the lake and the needs of dredging, efficient and environmentally friendly sediment conveying equipment is selected, including but not limited to sludge suction pumps and suction dredgers, to ensure that the sediment can be efficiently and continuously transported to the treatment area, optimize the sediment conveying path, reduce disturbance and sediment leakage during transportation, and reduce the impact on the water environment. An efficient filtration device is installed at the transportation end point, and a spiral shaft is used to promote rapid concentration and continuous dehydration of the sediment. This process not only improves the dehydration efficiency, but also reduces the floor space and subsequent transportation costs.

[0056] Select an environmentally friendly curing agent and mix it thoroughly with the dehydrated sludge to allow the curing agent to react with water to reduce the moisture content of the sludge and significantly improve its strength and stability. The solidified sludge has multiple uses and can be used as building materials and backfill soil. In this project, the solidified soil is used in the construction of lake ecological restoration areas, including the construction of artificial wetlands and ecological islands, providing a good base for the recovery of aquatic plants and microbial communities.

[0057] The residual water generated during the sediment transportation and dehydration process is centrally treated through a special collection system. The biological treatment technology and chemical precipitation process are combined to effectively remove suspended matter and nutrient salt pollutants in the residual water. The treated residual water is reused for lake replenishment, which not only saves water resources, but also further improves the overall water quality of the lake by replenishing clean water. At the same time, combined with plant restoration technology and microbial restoration technology, the self-purification ability of the water body is enhanced to build a healthier and more stable lake ecosystem.

[0058] Embodiment 3

[0059] An emergency response team consisting of environmental experts, hydrodynamicists, and engineering and technical personnel was formed. They immediately rushed to the scene and used drones and remote sensing technology in combination with on-site investigations to quickly assess the scope and extent of the pollution. Within a limited time, a simplified hydrodynamic model was used to conduct preliminary simulations of flow velocity and direction, and areas in urgent need of dredging were delineated as quickly as possible, with emphasis on the migration direction and speed of pollutants to ensure that the dredging scope could effectively control the spread of pollutants. Based on the results of the pollution level assessment, the most seriously polluted areas and depths were given priority, and the principle of "urgent first, then slow, heavy first, then light" was adopted to ensure that the emergency treatment effect was maximized.

[0060] Quickly contact and deploy mobile dredgers and pump truck sludge transportation equipment to the pollution site to ensure that the number of equipment meets the emergency treatment needs. According to the on-site terrain and pollution distribution, optimize the equipment layout and transportation route to reduce disturbance and pollution release during transportation. Use simple but efficient filtration devices to conduct preliminary dehydration treatment on the excavated sludge to reduce the water content and facilitate subsequent transportation and solidification.

[0061] In view of the urgency of emergency treatment, temporary solidification materials that are easy to obtain, moderately cost-effective and have good environmental performance are selected. These materials can be mixed with dehydrated sludge in a short time to form a stable solidified body. The temporary solidification materials and the dehydrated sludge are fully mixed and stirred to ensure the solidification effect. During the solidification process, the stirring time and mixing ratio need to be controlled to achieve the best solidification effect.

[0062] The solidified sludge is temporarily stored in a safe area that has been treated with anti-seepage measures to prevent rainwater infiltration and pollution spread. At the same time, warning signs and fences are set up to ensure the safety of personnel, and subsequent resource utilization and safe disposal plans are formulated. After the emergency situation is alleviated, the solidified sludge is further processed and utilized according to actual conditions.

[0063] Rapidly build a temporary collection system to collect the residual water generated during the sludge transportation and dehydration process. The collection system must have sufficient capacity and anti-leakage ability to ensure that the residual water will not overflow and cause secondary pollution. Use emergency chemical precipitation rapid treatment technology to remove the main pollutants in the residual water. During the treatment process, the dosage of the agent and the reaction time must be strictly controlled to ensure that the treatment effect meets the standards.

[0064] The treated surplus water is temporarily stored in a safe water pool to avoid direct discharge. According to the improvement of river water quality and surrounding water demand, the treated surplus water will be gradually reused for river water replenishment and transferred to the sewage treatment plant for further treatment. During the reuse process, water quality monitoring needs to be strengthened to ensure that the quality of the reused water meets relevant standards.

[0065] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge, characterized in that: The specific steps of this method are: S100, ecological dredging control scope and depth: simulate the flow velocity and flow direction parameters through the hydrodynamic model, evaluate their impact on the migration and transformation of sediment pollutants, collect water samples from the overlying water body, measure the dissolved oxygen and temperature parameters, analyze the impact of the overlying water body conditions on the release of sediment pollutants, and analyze the absorption and release characteristics of pollutants in the polluted layer sediment, evaluate the secondary pollution risks that may occur during the dredging process, and determine the dredging scope, pay special attention to the impact of flow velocity changes on sediment suspension and sedimentation, and determine the priority areas and depths of dredging in combination with the dissolved oxygen and temperature conditions of the overlying water body, focusing on the absorption and release characteristics of the polluted layer sediment to reduce secondary pollution during the dredging process; S200, sediment transportation and dehydration: using sediment transportation equipment, optimizing the transportation path, reducing the disturbance and release of sediment during transportation, using a filter device with fixed rings and floating rings stacked on each other, and realizing rapid concentration and continuous dehydration of sediment through the spiral shaft; S300, solidification and resource utilization: For the dehydrated sludge, an environmentally friendly solidifying agent is used for mixing and stirring, so that the solidifying agent reacts with water to reduce the moisture content of the sludge and increase its strength. The solidified sludge can be used as building materials and backfill soil for multiple purposes to achieve resource utilization. According to the properties and strength of the solidified soil, in the treatment of urban black and smelly rivers, the solidified sludge can be reused in the river ecological restoration area to build a new ecological balance; S400, waste water treatment and reuse: the waste water generated during the sludge transportation and dehydration process is centrally treated through a special collection system. Biological treatment and chemical precipitation processes are used to remove suspended matter and nutrient salt pollutants in the waste water to meet the discharge standards and reuse water quality requirements. The treated waste water is reused for river water replenishment, landscape water use and industrial cooling water scenes to achieve the recycling of water resources. At the same time, in conjunction with plant restoration technology and microbial restoration technology ecological measures, the self-purification capacity of the water body is further enhanced.

2. According to claim 1, a continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge, characterized in that: The specific steps of S100 are: S101, collect detailed hydrological data of rivers and lakes, including but not limited to multi-dimensional information of flow velocity and direction at different depths and locations, and combine water temperature and density parameters. These parameters can be obtained through on-site sensors or regular sampling measurements to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the input data of the hydrodynamic model. A high-precision hydrodynamic model is used, and the formula is: Where u is the velocity vector, p is the pressure, ρ is the density, ν is the kinematic viscosity, g is the gravitational acceleration, and F T is the temperature effect term, F D is the density effect term, F S The sediment impact item not only inputs conventional hydrological data, but also combines water temperature and density parameters to conduct refined simulation analysis to evaluate the migration and transformation laws of sediment pollutants under different flow rates, flow directions, temperature and density changes. It pays special attention to the impact areas of small flow rate changes on sediment suspension and sedimentation. Through algorithms and models, it accurately identifies risk areas that may cause large-scale release of pollutants due to dredging activities, and its risk area identification accuracy can reach square meter level; S102, collect water samples from the overlying water body. In addition to measuring dissolved oxygen and temperature parameters, analyze the pH and conductivity indicators of the water body. The pH and conductivity can be measured using professional water quality monitoring instruments. Multiple sampling and measurement at different time points and locations can be performed to obtain comprehensive water condition data. By establishing a multi-factor association model, the dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and conductivity parameters are associated with the threshold and rate of sediment pollutant release. Through this association model, the law of pollutant release under different combinations of water conditions can be clarified, thereby more accurately assessing the secondary pollution risks that may occur during the dredging process; S103, conduct stratified sampling of the polluted layer sediment. The number of sampling layers is determined according to the sediment thickness and pollution degree, and is divided into 3-5 layers. Sampling equipment is used to ensure the representativeness of each layer sampling. Spectral analysis technology is used Among them, R represents the secondary pollution risk index, n represents the number of pollutant types, and w i is the weight coefficient of the i-th pollutant, C i is the content of the i-th pollutant in the sediment, M i is the mobility parameter of the ith pollutant, S i It is the bioavailability parameter of the i-th pollutant. It determines the existence form and content distribution of different pollutants in the sediment. Through spectral analysis, it can quickly and accurately obtain information on multiple pollutants in the sediment and evaluate the risk of secondary pollution that may occur during dredging.

3. According to claim 2, a continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge, characterized in that: The specific steps of the hydrodynamic model of S100 also include: S104, combined with the results of hydrodynamic simulation, sediment pollution status and overlying water conditions, preliminarily delineate the boundaries of the dredging range, consider the river and lake morphology, water flow conditions, surrounding ecological environment and other factors, and make multiple iterative adjustments to the dredging range. After the preliminary delineation, simulate the water flow and pollutant diffusion under different dredging ranges again, and optimize the dredging range according to the simulation results. At the same time, combine field surveys and monitoring data to ensure the effectiveness and safety of dredging activities, collect sediment samples, and determine the content of multiple major pollution factors such as nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, identify highly polluted areas, and determine the priority areas for dredging in combination with the overlying water conditions and the distribution characteristics of sediment pollution factors. Determine the dredging depth in different areas based on the vertical distribution of pollutants in the sediment. Through stratified sampling and analysis, clarify the enrichment layer of pollutants in the sediment to ensure that the dredging depth can effectively remove the polluted layer, while avoiding excessive dredging that causes waste of resources and ecological damage.

4. According to claim 1, a continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge, characterized in that: The specific steps of S200 are: S201. Select sediment transport equipment, including but not limited to cutter suction dredgers, based on the underwater topography characteristics and dredging needs of rivers and lakes, to ensure that the selected equipment has the ability to efficiently and continuously transport sediment, and consider its adaptability to the environment. Analyze the underwater topography and plan a reasonable sediment transport path to reduce disturbance and release during the transport process. Consider the direction and velocity of the water flow to ensure the stability and safety of the transport path. S202, using a cutter suction dredger to dredge and transport the bottom mud; Power: Equipped with a high-power power system, the main engine power can reach 1000-5000 kilowatts to ensure sufficient excavation and transportation capabilities. Excavation depth: It should be able to adapt to the water depth requirements of different rivers and lakes. The excavation depth range can be between 5-30 meters to ensure that the polluted bottom mud layer can be reached; Mud discharge distance: It has a long mud discharge distance capability, usually up to 1000-5000 meters, so as to transport the bottom mud to the designated location; During the transportation process, avoid areas with complex terrain, consider the direction and velocity of water flow, and try to choose to transport in the downstream direction. For long-distance transportation, reasonably set up pump station auxiliary facilities to ensure that the sludge can be smoothly transported to the destination, while maintaining stable operation of the equipment to avoid leakage and diffusion of the sludge. Set up a filter device at the end point and appropriate position of the sludge transportation, install a fixed ring, and superimpose a floating ring on the fixed ring to ensure that the filter device has sufficient filtration area and strength to withstand the pressure and flow of the sludge.

5. According to claim 4, a continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge is characterized in that: The specific steps of S200 also include: S203, start the filtering device, push the spiral shaft to make the sludge in the filtering device to be quickly concentrated and continuously dehydrated, monitor the dehydration process to ensure that the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to a predetermined standard, observe and record the dehydration efficiency, collect the dehydrated sludge, and prepare for subsequent solidification treatment, clean the filtering device, and ensure that it is in good working condition for the next round of sludge dehydration operation; S204, according to the actual operation situation, optimize and adjust the parameters in the sludge transportation and dehydration process, pay attention to the stability of the transportation path, the dehydration efficiency of the filtration device, and the floor space and transportation cost factors to ensure the environmental protection and economy of the whole process.

6. According to claim 1, a continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge, characterized in that: The specific steps of S300 are: S301, according to the properties of the dehydrated sludge including but not limited to particle size, porosity, pollutant components and components including but not limited to organic and inorganic content, select a cement-based environmentally friendly curing agent. This type of curing agent has good adaptability and can effectively react with the water in the sludge. When the curing agent reacts with water, a gel-like substance is generated to fill the pores between the sludge particles, thereby reducing the moisture content of the sludge. At the same time, this reaction will form chemical bonds between the sludge particles, significantly increasing the strength of the sludge. The tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate components in the cement will gradually form calcium aluminate and calcium hydroxide products during the hydration process. These products are intertwined to tightly wrap and bond the sludge particles together. In this way, the solidified sludge not only has a reduced volume and weight, which is convenient for subsequent processing and transportation, but also has better physical and mechanical properties, so that it can withstand a certain external load and meet the basic requirements as a building material or backfill soil; S302, using professional mixing equipment, such as a forced mixer or a double-shaft mixer, the selected curing agent and the dehydrated sludge are added to the mixing equipment in a certain ratio according to the properties of the sludge and the expected curing effect through experiments. The dry weight ratio of the curing agent to the sludge may be between 1:5-1:

20. The stirring time is calculated by the formula t=k×V / P, where t is the stirring time, V is the volume of the sludge, P is the stirring power, and k is the empirical coefficient. The stirring speed should be moderate and controlled at 20-60 rpm to ensure that the curing agent is evenly distributed in the sludge and achieve the best curing effect. If the stirring time is too short or the speed is too fast, the curing agent may not be fully mixed with the sludge, affecting the curing effect. If the stirring time is too long or the speed is too slow, it will increase energy consumption and processing time and reduce processing efficiency. S303, test the solidified sludge to evaluate whether its properties and strength meet the requirements of building materials and backfill soil. If adjustment is needed, the type and dosage of the curing agent can be optimized according to the test results. According to the properties and strength of the solidified soil, its applicable scenarios and uses can be determined. In the treatment of urban black and smelly rivers, special attention should be paid to the application of solidified sludge in river ecological restoration areas. The solidified sludge should be re-applied to river ecological restoration areas to build a new ecological balance and promote the ecological restoration of the river.

7. The method for continuous environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific steps of S400 are: S401, during the sludge transportation and dewatering process, a special collection system is set up to centrally collect the residual water generated, and the collection system is ensured to have sufficient capacity and efficiency to avoid leakage and diffusion of the residual water. The collected residual water is pre-treated, such as sieve filtration, to remove large particles of suspended matter, and the pre-treated residual water enters the subsequent treatment unit; S402, the residual water after pretreatment is introduced into the biological treatment unit, and the organic pollutants and some nutrients in the residual water are removed by the degradation effect of microorganisms. In the chemical precipitation unit, an appropriate amount of chemical agents is added to the residual water, and the suspended solids and nutrient salt pollutants in the residual water are further removed by chemical precipitation.

8. A continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of S400 also include: S403, conduct water quality testing on the treated residual water to ensure that it meets the discharge standards and reuse water quality requirements. If the water quality does not meet the standards, adjust the process parameters of biological treatment and chemical precipitation according to the test results, and reuse the treated residual water for river replenishment, landscape water use and industrial cooling water scenarios to ensure that the reuse water quality meets the relevant standards and avoid adverse effects on the environment and human health; S404, while treating and reusing the residual water, cooperate with the ecological measures of plant restoration technology and microbial restoration technology to further enhance the self-purification capacity of the water body through ecological measures, promote the recovery and balance of the water ecosystem, conduct long-term monitoring of the residual water treatment and reuse system to ensure its stable operation and that the effluent water quality meets the standards. If any potential problems are found, take maintenance measures in time to ensure the long-term and effective operation of the system.

9. A continuous treatment method for environmental dredging and solidification of polluted river and lake sludge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of S400 further include: S405, residual water flow calculation formula: Q = A × V, where Q is the flow, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the collection pipe, and V is the water flow velocity. Design and install residual water collection pipes and storage facilities to ensure that the residual water generated during the sediment transportation and dehydration process is collected centrally through the collection system. The biological reaction rate formula is: r = k × [C] ^ n, r is the reaction rate, k is the reaction rate constant, [C] is the pollutant concentration, and n is the reaction order. Build a biological treatment pool, introduce microbial communities, control temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH conditions, and use microbial decomposition and conversion to remove organic matter and some nutrients in the residual water.

Images