Anti-seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure and anti-seismic construction method
By designing a seismic energy-dissolving anchor structure including a pad plate, a top plate, a self-reset compression rod and an energy-dissolving spring, the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional anchor heads under complex geological conditions is solved, and the stability and durability of the strong earthquake is improved, and the self-recovery ability is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510049453.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
Traditional anchor heads are weak in adaptability under complex geological conditions and are difficult to cope with various slope diseases. Especially under the influence of strong earthquakes, they cannot effectively buffer instant impact force, resulting in a sharp increase in the anchor cable force, which is prone to failure, which in turn causes instability and damage to the landslide body.
A seismic energy-resistant energy-dissolving anchor head structure is designed, including a pad plate, a top plate, six self-reset compression rods and energy-dissolving springs, forming a six-degree of freedom motion platform, which can effectively absorb and disperse impact forces and have self-recovery capabilities.
This structure can effectively reduce the risk of anchor cable breakage and landslide instability under the action of earthquakes and other dynamics, enhance the stability and durability of the anchor head, and recover on its own after earthquake to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the anchor cable system.
Smart Images
Figure CN119640790A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope prevention and seismic resistance, relates to a seismic energy dissipation anchor head, and particularly relates to a seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure and a seismic construction method. Background Art
[0002] Slopes, as steep slopes at the foot of a mountain, on a hillside, on a river bank, on a roadbed, etc., are susceptible to wind erosion, water erosion, freeze-thaw and other factors in the natural environment, which can cause disasters such as collapse and landslides. In order to ensure the stability of the slope, it is particularly important to take effective protection and reinforcement measures. In this context, slope anchoring projects have emerged and become a common reinforcement method. Among them, anchor heads, as one of the key technologies, play an important role in improving the protection performance of slopes.
[0003] However, in some areas prone to disasters such as earthquakes, traditional anchor heads are relatively weak in adaptability under complex geological conditions and are difficult to deal with various slope disease problems, thus affecting their performance. Especially under strong earthquakes, traditional anchor heads cannot effectively buffer the instantaneous impact of earthquakes, resulting in a sharp increase in the stress on the anchor cable, which is prone to exceed the limit load and fail, and then cause the landslide to become unstable and damaged, causing great harm to life, property and public facilities. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure and a seismic construction method. The present invention can avoid the axial force of the anchor cable from increasing sharply due to the instantaneous strong impact load, can resist a certain degree of dynamic destructive effects, and has a certain self-recovery ability after deformation.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:
[0006] A seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure comprises a pad and a top plate, the pad and the top plate are arranged in parallel and six self-resetting compression rods are arranged between the pad and the top plate, so as to form a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform, an anchor ring is arranged on the upper surface corresponding to the center of the top plate, and an anchor ring hole is arranged on the anchor ring for the anchor cable to pass through, an energy dissipation spring is arranged between the pad and the top plate, two ends of the energy dissipation spring are respectively connected to the pad and the top plate, and a first through hole is arranged on the pad corresponding to the center of the energy dissipation spring, and a second through hole is arranged on the top plate corresponding to the center of the energy dissipation spring, so that the anchor cable can pass through the first through hole, the second through hole and the anchor ring hole in sequence, and an anchor is arranged on the anchor ring to fix the anchor cable on the anchor ring; the centers of the pad, the top plate and the anchor ring are located on the same axis.
[0007] Furthermore, there are a plurality of second through holes on the top plate and all of the second through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the anchor ring holes on the anchor ring.
[0008] Furthermore, the six self-resetting compression rods are respectively connected to the pad and the top plate through universal connecting forks.
[0009] Furthermore, the self-resetting compression rod includes a piston rod, a piston, a cylinder body and a reset spring, the reset spring is located in the cylinder body and one end of the reset spring is fixed to one end of the cylinder body, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and fixed to the other end of the reset spring, the other end of the cylinder body is arranged in a through hole for the piston rod to pass through, one end of the piston rod is inserted into the cylinder body through the through hole and fixed to the piston, and a sealing ring is provided on the cylinder body corresponding to the through hole; damping fluid is provided in the cylinder body, and an oil return hole is provided on the piston.
[0010] The present invention also provides an earthquake-resistant construction method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
[0011] (1) Excavate the slope, locate the anchor hole position on the slope according to the design, and then drill the hole to complete the construction of the anchor hole;
[0012] (2) manufacturing the anchor head according to the aforementioned seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure;
[0013] (3) insert one end of the anchor cable into the anchor hole and pour mortar, and the other end of the anchor cable passes through the first through hole on the base plate, the shock absorbing spring, the second through hole on the top plate and the anchor ring hole on the anchor ring in sequence, and after the anchor cable is tensioned to a preset prestress, the anchor cable is fixed to the anchor ring using an anchor;
[0014] (4) Install a protective cover on the outside of the anchor head and finally seal the anchor with concrete.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. The present invention sets an energy dissipation spring and a self-resetting compression rod between the top plate and the pad to form a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform, which can effectively absorb and disperse the impact force under the dynamic action of earthquakes, avoid the sharp increase of the axial force of the anchor cable due to the instantaneous strong impact load, thereby reducing the risk of the anchor cable breaking and the instability of the landslide body; and allows the anchor head to be fine-tuned and adapted in multiple directions, thereby enhancing the stability and durability of the anchor head under the action of complex seismic waves. At the same time, the reset spring in the energy dissipation spring and the self-resetting compression rod has high strength, high elasticity and self-recovery ability. After the earthquake response ends, these components can rebound by themselves, so that the anchor head returns to the initial state, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the anchor cable system.
[0017] 2. The present invention can realize the compression-rebound-damping energy consumption process of the anchor head in the seismic response, and can effectively convert seismic energy into other forms of energy (such as thermal energy), further enhancing the seismic toughness of the anchor head, thereby helping to reduce the burden on the anchor head and slope structure and improve the overall seismic performance.
[0018] 3. The seismic anchor head of the present invention can work normally under the dynamic action of a large strong earthquake without losing anchoring force, can resist a certain degree of dynamic destructive action, and has a certain adaptive recovery ability after deformation, and has good seismic toughness. At the same time, it has a simple structure, convenient construction, is not easy to damage, and has strong suitability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 - The three-dimensional structure of the anchor head of the present invention Figure 1 .
[0020] Figure 2 - The three-dimensional structure of the anchor head of the present invention Figure 2 .
[0021] Figure 3 - A top view of the anchor head structure of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 4 -Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-resetting compression rod.
[0023] Figure 5 -Structural diagram of the anchor head in use.
[0024] Among them: 1-anchor ring; 2-top plate; 3-energy dissipation spring; 4-universal connecting fork; 5-self-resetting compression rod; 51-piston rod; 52-piston; 521-oil return hole; 53-cylinder body; 531-sealing ring; 54-reset spring; 6-shim plate; 7-first through hole; 8-anchor cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0026] See also Figure 1 to Figure 5 , an anti-seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure, comprising a pad 6 and a top plate 2, the pad 6 and the top plate 2 are arranged in parallel and six self-resetting compression rods 5 are arranged between the pad 6 and the top plate 2, thereby forming a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform, an anchor ring 1 is arranged on the upper surface corresponding to the center of the top plate 2, and an anchor ring hole is arranged on the anchor ring 1 for the anchor cable 8 to pass through, an energy dissipation spring 3 is arranged between the pad 6 and the top plate 2, the two ends of the energy dissipation spring 3 are respectively connected to the pad 6 and the top plate 2, and a first through hole 7 is arranged on the pad 6 corresponding to the center of the energy dissipation spring 3, and a second through hole is arranged on the top plate 2 corresponding to the center of the energy dissipation spring 3, so that the anchor cable 8 can pass through the first through hole 7 on the pad 6, the energy dissipation spring 3, the second through hole on the top plate 2 and the anchor ring hole on the anchor ring 1 in sequence, and an anchor is arranged on the anchor ring 1 to fix the anchor cable 8 on the anchor ring 1; the centers of the pad 6, the top plate 2 and the anchor ring 1 are located on the same axis.
[0027] Here, the energy dissipation spring has high strength, high elasticity and self-recovery ability; the self-resetting compression rod can provide a damping effect. During the earthquake response, if the anchor cable is relatively stretched due to vibration, one end of the anchor cable is fixed by the anchor body and the other end is fixed by the anchor ring, which drives the top plate to squeeze the energy dissipation spring and the self-resetting compression rod, and converts the elongation or compression of the anchor cable into a relative displacement between the top plate and the pad of the anchor head, buffering the instantaneous impact of the earthquake, alleviating the sudden increase in the force of the anchor cable, and making the structure have a toughness function that conventional anchor cables do not have. After the vibration ends, it can recover by itself without failure, which can effectively increase the earthquake resistance of the anchor head. At the same time, the two ends of the energy dissipation spring here are fixedly connected to the top plate and the pad, which can effectively avoid the relative displacement between the energy dissipation spring and the top plate, and the energy dissipation spring and the pad during the earthquake response.
[0028] Under the joint action of the self-resetting telescopic rod and the energy-dissipating spring, when the anchor head is compressed under the action of earthquake force, etc., due to mechanical balance, the anchor head is mainly compressed along the axis of the anchor cable. When the force decreases, the energy-dissipating spring and the self-resetting telescopic rod recover. In this way, the anchor head returns to its initial state after mechanical balance, achieving the purpose of self-recovery.
[0029] In a specific implementation, there are a plurality of second through holes on the top plate 2 and all the second through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the anchor ring holes on the anchor ring 1 .
[0030] The anchor ring is fixed to the top plate, and the anchor ring hole on the anchor ring corresponds to the second through hole, so that the anchor ring and the top plate form a whole. During earthquake response, the anchor ring and the top plate will not produce relative displacement, so that the anchor ring is always located at the center of the top plate.
[0031] In specific implementation, the six self-resetting compression rods 5 are respectively connected to the backing plate 6 and the top plate 2 through the universal connecting fork 4.
[0032] In this way, during the compression process of the anchor head, the self-resetting compression rod can always expand and contract along the axial direction of the self-resetting compression rod when subjected to force, thereby achieving the best energy dissipation effect.
[0033] In a specific implementation, the self-resetting compression rod 5 includes a piston rod 51, a piston 52, a cylinder body 53 and a reset spring 54. The reset spring 54 is located in the cylinder body 53 and one end of the reset spring 54 is fixed to one end of the cylinder body 53. The piston 52 is arranged in the cylinder body 53 and is fixed to the other end of the reset spring 54. The other end of the cylinder body 53 is arranged in a through hole for the piston rod 51 to pass through. One end of the piston rod 51 is inserted into the cylinder body through the through hole and is fixed to the piston 52. A sealing ring 531 is provided on the cylinder body 53 corresponding to the through hole; damping fluid is provided in the cylinder body 53, and an oil return hole 521 is provided on the piston 52.
[0034] The piston cylinder, piston and cylinder body are all made of high-performance steel. The reset spring has high strength, high elasticity and self-recovery ability. The sealing ring is made of high-performance chloroprene rubber, which has good oil resistance and aging resistance. The sealing ring is clamped at the cylinder body through hole and forms good air tightness with the piston rod. When the self-reset compression rod is compressed along the axial direction of the compression rod under force, the damping fluid can only pass slowly through the oil return hole because the piston can limit the flow of the damping fluid in the cylinder body, thereby achieving a damping effect, buffering the instantaneous impact force of the earthquake, and relieving the stress on the anchor cable. At the same time, the self-reset compression rod can provide a part of the axial force of the anchor cable when compressed, thereby improving the compression resistance of the anchor cable.
[0035] In this way, the compression-rebound-damping energy dissipation of the seismic energy dissipation anchor head in the seismic response is W:
[0036] W=W1+W2+W3
[0037] Wherein: W1 is the deformation energy of the energy dissipation spring 3 , W2 is the total deformation energy of the return spring 54 , and W3 is the total damping energy consumption of the self-resetting compression rod 5 .
[0038] in:
[0039]
[0040] Where: n represents the number of vibrations; k1 represents the elastic coefficient of the energy dissipation spring 3; x n Indicates the elastic deformation amount of the energy dissipation spring 3 each time.
[0041]
[0042] Where: W k represents the deformation energy of a single return spring 54; k2 represents the elastic coefficient of a single return spring 54; x' n It represents the elastic deformation amount of a single return spring 54. There are 6 return springs 54 in total.
[0043] Assume the damping force generated by the damper is F d , the compression speed of the piston is v, the displacement is x, the single compression time is t, c is the damping coefficient, which indicates the proportional relationship between the damping force and the speed. According to Newton's second law:
[0044] F d =-cv
[0045] Under the action of the damping force, the kinetic energy of the anchor head will gradually decrease and be converted into other forms of energy (such as heat energy). Therefore, the energy dissipated by a single damper can be used to do work with the damping force. d To express:
[0046] W d =∫Fd ·d x
[0047] =∫-cv·d x
[0048] because We can rewrite the above formula as:
[0049]
[0050] W3 is the total damping energy consumption of the self-resetting compression rod 5:
[0051] W3=6W d = -6∫c·v 2 ·d t
[0052] A seismic construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
[0053] (1) Excavate the slope, locate the anchor hole position on the slope according to the design, and then drill the hole to complete the construction of the anchor hole;
[0054] (2) An anchor head is manufactured according to the aforementioned seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure; specifically, a universal connecting fork is fixed on the upper surface of the pad and the lower surface of the top plate, and then an anchor ring is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the top plate, and then the two ends of the energy dissipation spring are respectively connected and fixed to the top plate and the pad, and finally a self-resetting compression rod is installed on the universal connecting fork between the top plate and the pad, thereby completing the manufacture of the anchor head;
[0055] (3) insert one end of the anchor cable into the anchor hole and pour mortar, and the other end of the anchor cable passes through the first through hole on the base plate, the shock absorbing spring, the second through hole on the top plate and the anchor ring hole on the anchor ring in sequence, and after the anchor cable is tensioned to a preset prestress, the anchor cable is fixed to the anchor ring using an anchor;
[0056] (4) Install a protective cover on the outside of the anchor head and finally seal the anchor with concrete.
[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes and modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure, characterized in that: It includes a pad and a top plate, which are arranged in parallel and six self-resetting compression rods are arranged between the pad and the top plate, so as to form a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform, an anchor ring is arranged on the upper surface corresponding to the center of the top plate, and an anchor ring hole is arranged on the anchor ring for the anchor cable to pass through, an energy dissipation spring is arranged between the pad and the top plate, and the two ends of the energy dissipation spring are respectively connected to the pad and the top plate respectively, and a first through hole is arranged on the pad corresponding to the center of the energy dissipation spring, and a second through hole is arranged on the top plate corresponding to the center of the energy dissipation spring, so that the anchor cable can pass through the first through hole, the second through hole and the anchor ring hole in sequence, and an anchor is arranged on the anchor ring to fix the anchor cable on the anchor ring; the centers of the pad, the top plate and the anchor ring are located on the same axis.
2. The seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of second through holes on the top plate, and all of the second through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the anchor ring holes on the anchor ring.
3. The seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The six self-resetting compression rods are respectively connected with the backing plate and the top plate through universal connecting forks.
4. A seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The self-resetting compression rod includes a piston rod, a piston, a cylinder body and a reset spring. The reset spring is located in the cylinder body and one end of the reset spring is fixed to one end of the cylinder body. The piston is arranged in the cylinder body and fixed to the other end of the reset spring. The other end of the cylinder body is arranged in a through hole for the piston rod to pass through. One end of the piston rod is inserted into the cylinder body through the through hole and fixed to the piston. A sealing ring is arranged on the cylinder body corresponding to the through hole. Damping fluid is arranged in the cylinder body, and an oil return hole is arranged on the piston.
5. A seismic construction method, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Excavate the slope, locate the anchor hole position on the slope according to the design, and then drill the hole to complete the construction of the anchor hole; (2) An anchor head is manufactured according to a seismic energy dissipation anchor head structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4; (3) insert one end of the anchor cable into the anchor hole and pour mortar, and the other end of the anchor cable passes through the first through hole on the base plate, the shock absorbing spring, the second through hole on the top plate and the anchor ring hole on the anchor ring in sequence, and after the anchor cable is tensioned to a preset prestress, the anchor cable is fixed to the anchor ring using an anchor; (4) Install a protective cover on the outside of the anchor head and finally seal the anchor with concrete.