Terahertz suspension core optical fiber

Abstract

The invention provides a terahertz suspension core optical fiber, which belongs to the technical field of optical fibers and comprises an outer sleeve, a plurality of I-type dielectric tubes and a plurality of II-type dielectric tubes with the same number as the I-type dielectric tubes, wherein the plurality of I-type medium pipes are arranged in the outer sleeve, and each I-type medium pipe is tangent to the outer sleeve; the multiple II-type medium pipes are arranged in the outer sleeve, and one II-type medium pipe is arranged on the outer wall of each I-type medium pipe in a tangent mode; based on a modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of a traditional suspension core optical fiber on a thin arm in structure is avoided; the simple optical fiber structure with all structural units being circular boundaries has more prominent advantages in optical fiber manufacturing. The hollow porous structure can ensure that most of energy in the mode is distributed in the air, so that the absorption loss is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical fiber technology, and in particular to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of optical communication technology, terahertz technology has been widely used in broadband communication, biomedical sensing, nondestructive testing, security-sensitive applications and other fields. However, dielectric materials can easily absorb terahertz waves, resulting in huge losses in practical applications; reducing the inherent absorption of terahertz waves is one of the key factors in increasing the transmission distance of terahertz waves, and low-loss terahertz waveguides are important components required to provide transmission channels in terahertz systems; a special advantage of suspended core optical fibers is that the optical fiber core can be isolated from external interference, which makes suspended core optical fibers easy to manually operate and support using a bracket, protecting them from interference from the surrounding environment.

[0003] At present, the disadvantage of the suspended core optical fiber disclosed in the prior art is that the optical fiber structure is complex, resulting in high preparation cost; on the other hand, the existing suspended core optical fiber has high loss and narrow dispersion range. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0005] To this end, a first aspect of the present application is to provide a terahertz suspended core optical fiber.

[0006] In view of this, according to a first aspect of the present application, a terahertz suspended core optical fiber is provided, comprising:

[0007] Outer sleeve;

[0008] A plurality of Class I medium pipes are arranged in the outer sleeve, and each of the Class I medium pipes is tangent to the outer sleeve;

[0009] A plurality of Class II medium tubes, the same number as the Class I medium tubes, are arranged in the outer sleeve, and a Class II medium tube is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each Class I medium tube;

[0010] Wherein, the radius of the Class I medium pipe is greater than the radius of the Class II medium pipe.

[0011] In a possible technical solution, further, there are no connection nodes between the multiple Class I medium pipes; there are no connection nodes between the multiple Class II medium pipes.

[0012] In a possible technical solution, further, the tangent point between each of the Class I medium pipes and the outer sleeve is a first tangent point; the tangent point between each of the Class I medium pipes and the Class II medium pipe tangent thereto is a second tangent point;

[0013] A line connecting each of the first tangent points and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the Class I medium pipe corresponding to the first tangent point.

[0014] In a possible technical solution, further, the area enclosed by the outer walls of the multiple Class II medium tubes is a first type of hole, and the inner area of ​​the Class II medium tube is a second type of hole; the area enclosed by the outer walls of the multiple Class I medium tubes, the outer walls of the multiple Class II medium tubes and the inner wall of the outer sleeve is a third type of hole, and the inner area of ​​the Class I medium tube is a fourth type of hole.

[0015] In a possible technical solution, further, the first type of hole, the second type of hole and the multiple type II dielectric tubes constitute a fiber core; the third type of hole, the fourth type of hole and the type I dielectric tube constitute a cladding, the effective refractive index of the fiber core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and its optical principle is a modified total internal reflection effect.

[0016] In a possible technical solution, further, the first type of holes, the second type of holes, the third type of holes and the fourth type of holes are all filled with air.

[0017] In a possible technical solution, further, the outer sleeve has a thickness greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the Class I medium tube has a thickness of 10 μm-100 μm, and the Class II medium tube has a thickness of 10 μm-100 μm.

[0018] In a possible technical solution, further, the number of the Class I medium pipes is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0019] In a possible technical solution, further, the outer sleeve, the Class I medium tube and the Class II medium tube are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

[0020] In a possible technical solution, further, the outer sleeve, the Class I medium pipe and the Class II medium pipe are all circular pipes.

[0021] According to the first aspect of the present application, a terahertz suspended core optical fiber has the following working principle:

[0022] The phenomenon of total internal reflection describes that when light propagates from a high refractive index medium (core) to a low refractive index medium (cladding), it will be completely reflected when the critical angle is exceeded without entering the cladding. The modified total internal reflection principle is an extension of this phenomenon, in which the cladding may no longer be a uniform medium, but is composed of low refractive index microstructures (such as pores). The interaction between these microstructures and the high refractive index core affects the propagation path of light. A terahertz suspended core optical fiber in the first aspect of the present application is based on this principle.

[0023] According to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the first aspect of the present application, its beneficial effects are as follows: the optical transmission principle of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of the present application is based on the modified total internal reflection principle, which avoids the reliance of traditional suspended core optical fibers on thin arms in manufacturing; this improvement has a positive impact on the optical fiber manufacturing process; such a structure can ensure that most of the energy in the mode is distributed in the air holes, effectively reducing the absorption loss; the optical fiber core is supported by a bracket, which achieves effective isolation from the surrounding environment, reduces external interference, and improves the stability of the optical fiber. The optical fiber structure is simple, and all boundaries are circular, which is not only easy to manufacture, but also enhances the optical fiber's ability to resist deformation. The optical fiber has extremely low loss and broad and flat dispersion characteristics, ensuring high performance of signals in long-distance transmission.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned through practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electric field intensity distribution of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 3 shows a graph of confinement loss and absorption loss of a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 shows a dispersion curve diagram of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 shows a total loss curve of a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 shows a dispersion curve diagram of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the third embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to a fourth embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to the fifth embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0035] in, Figures 1 to 9 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0036] 1. Outer sleeve;

[0037] 2. Type I medium pipe, 21. Type III hole; 22. Type IV hole;

[0038] 3. Type II medium pipe; 31. Type I hole; 32. Type II hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0040] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 9 A terahertz suspended core optical fiber is described according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] A terahertz suspended core optical fiber, comprising:

[0044] Outer sleeve 1;

[0045] A plurality of Class I medium pipes 2 are arranged in the outer casing 1, and each Class I medium pipe 2 is tangent to the outer casing 1;

[0046] A plurality of type II medium pipes 3 , the same number as the type I medium pipes 2 , are arranged in the outer sleeve 1 , and a type II medium pipe 3 is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each type I medium pipe 2 .

[0047] It should be noted that the radius of the type I medium pipe 2 is greater than the radius of the type II medium pipe 3 .

[0048] It should be noted that there is no connection node between the multiple Class I medium pipes 2; and there is no connection node between the multiple Class II medium pipes 3.

[0049] It should be noted that the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the outer sleeve 1 is the first tangent point; the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 tangent thereto is the second tangent point;

[0050] The connecting line between each first tangent point and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the Class I medium pipe 2 corresponding to the first tangent point.

[0051] It should be noted that the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 is the first type of hole 31, and the internal area of ​​the Class II medium pipe 3 is the second type of hole 32; the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class I medium pipes 2, the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is the third type of hole 21, and the internal area of ​​the Class I medium pipe 2 is the fourth type of hole 22.

[0052] It should be noted that the first type of hole 31, the second type of hole 32 and multiple type II dielectric tubes 3 constitute the fiber core; the third type of hole 21, the fourth type of hole 22 and the type I dielectric tube 2 constitute the cladding, the effective refractive index of the core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and its optical principle is the modified total internal reflection effect.

[0053] It should be noted that the first type of holes 31 , the second type of holes 32 , the third type of holes 21 and the fourth type of holes 22 are all filled with air.

[0054] It should be noted that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium pipe 2 is 10 μm-100 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium pipe 3 is 10 μm-100 μm.

[0055] It should be noted that the number of the Class I medium pipes 2 is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0056] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

[0057] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are all circular pipes.

[0058] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.8 mm, and the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 350 μm; the number of Class I medium tubes 2 and Class II medium tubes 3 are both 4, and the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 300 μm.

[0059] It should be noted that, under the condition that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm, the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.8 mm, and the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 350 μm; the number of the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are both 4, and the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 300 μm:

[0060] When the operating frequency is 0.5 THz, the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is 5.57×10 - 4 dB / cm, the absorption loss is 2.26×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0061] When the operating frequency is in the range of 0.4THz-1.2THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a limiting loss as low as 1.01×10 -13 dB / cm, absorption loss as low as 1.1×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0062] When the operating frequency is 0.4 THz-0.7 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss lower than 0.0868 dB / cm, and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.3 THz.

[0063] It should be noted that by changing the thickness of the Class I dielectric tube 2 and the Class II dielectric tube 3, the dispersion change curves at different frequencies are obtained. According to calculations, when the thickness of the Class I dielectric tube 2 and the Class II dielectric tube 3 are both 10 μm, the terahertz suspension core fiber of this embodiment can achieve a dispersion of 0.17±0.45 ps / THz / cm; when the thickness of the Class I dielectric tube 2 and the Class II dielectric tube 3 are both 15 μm, the terahertz suspension core fiber of this embodiment can achieve a dispersion of 0.48±0.48 ps / THz / cm; when the thickness of the Class I dielectric tube 2 and the Class II dielectric tube 3 are both 20 μm, the terahertz suspension core fiber of this embodiment can achieve a dispersion of 0.45±0.83 ps / THz / cm. The dispersion of the terahertz suspension core fiber of this embodiment is almost flat within the range of 500 GHz (0.4-0.9 THz).

[0064] It should be noted that the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber in this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, L c represents the limiting loss, f represents the operating frequency, c represents the speed of light, Im(n eff ) represents the imaginary part of the effective refractive index, Im(n eff) changes with the outer radius of the Class I medium pipe;

[0067] The absorption loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, α eff represents the absorption loss, ε 0 represents the dielectric constant, μ 0 represents the vacuum permeability, n mat Represents the refractive index of the material, α mat represents the intrinsic EML of the bulk material, E represents the electric field component, and S z represents the z-component of the Poynting vector, H * represents the magnetic field component, A represents the integral variable, α mat It changes with the thickness of Class I medium pipe and Class II medium pipe.

[0070] The dispersion of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, β 2 represents dispersion, n eff represents the effective refractive index, ω represents the angular frequency, and c represents the speed of light;

[0073] According to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment, based on the modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of the traditional suspended core optical fiber on the thin arm in the manufacturing process is avoided; this improvement has a positive impact on the optical fiber manufacturing process; such a structure can ensure that most of the energy in the mode is distributed in the air hole, effectively reducing the absorption loss; the optical fiber core is supported by a bracket, which realizes effective isolation from the surrounding environment, reduces external interference, and improves the stability of the optical fiber. The optical fiber structure is simple, and all boundaries are circular, which is not only easy to manufacture, but also enhances the deformation resistance of the optical fiber. The optical fiber has extremely low loss and wide and flat dispersion characteristics, ensuring the high performance of the signal in long-distance transmission.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] A terahertz suspended core optical fiber, comprising:

[0076] Outer sleeve 1;

[0077] A plurality of Class I medium pipes 2 are arranged in the outer casing 1, and each Class I medium pipe 2 is tangent to the outer casing 1;

[0078] A plurality of type II medium pipes 3 , the same number as the type I medium pipes 2 , are arranged in the outer sleeve 1 , and a type II medium pipe 3 is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each type I medium pipe 2 .

[0079] It should be noted that the radius of the type I medium pipe 2 is greater than the radius of the type II medium pipe 3 .

[0080] It should be noted that there is no connection node between the multiple Class I medium pipes 2; and there is no connection node between the multiple Class II medium pipes 3.

[0081] It should be noted that the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the outer sleeve 1 is the first tangent point; the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 tangent thereto is the second tangent point;

[0082] The connecting line between each first tangent point and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the Class I medium pipe 2 corresponding to the first tangent point.

[0083] It should be noted that the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 is the first type of hole 31, and the internal area of ​​the Class II medium pipe 3 is the second type of hole 32; the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class I medium pipes 2, the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is the third type of hole 21, and the internal area of ​​the Class I medium pipe 2 is the fourth type of hole 22.

[0084] It should be noted that the first type of hole 31, the second type of hole 32 and multiple type II dielectric tubes 3 constitute the fiber core; the third type of hole 21, the fourth type of hole 22 and the type I dielectric tube 2 constitute the cladding, the effective refractive index of the core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and its optical principle is the modified total internal reflection effect.

[0085] It should be noted that the first type of holes 31 , the second type of holes 32 , the third type of holes 21 and the fourth type of holes 22 are all filled with air.

[0086] It should be noted that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium pipe 2 is 10 μm-100 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium pipe 3 is 10 μm-100 μm.

[0087] It should be noted that the number of the Class I medium pipes 2 is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0088] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

[0089] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are all circular pipes.

[0090] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is equal to 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.0 mm, and the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 170 μm; the number of Class I medium tubes 2 and Class II medium tubes 3 are both 4, and the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 160 μm.

[0091] It should be noted that, under the condition that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium pipe 2 is 1.0 mm, the outer radius of the Class II medium pipe 3 is 170 μm, the number of the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are both 4, and the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 160 μm:

[0092] When the thickness of the Class I dielectric tube 2 is 10 μm, the thickness of the Class II dielectric tube 3 is 10 μm, and the operating frequency is in the range of 0.69 THz-1.1 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss of less than 0.0868 dB / cm, and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.41 THz;

[0093] When the thickness of the Class I dielectric tube 2 is 15 μm, the thickness of the Class II dielectric tube 3 is 15 μm, and the operating frequency is in the range of 0.594 THz-0.875 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss of less than 0.0868 dB / cm, and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.281 THz;

[0094] When the thickness of the type I dielectric tube 2 is 20 μm, the thickness of the type II dielectric tube 3 is 20 μm, and the operating frequency is in the range of 0.535 THz-0.747 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss of less than 0.0868 dB / cm and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.212 THz.

[0095] It should be noted that by changing the thickness of the type I dielectric tube 2 and the type II dielectric tube 3, the dispersion variation curves at different frequencies are obtained. According to calculations, when the thickness of the type I dielectric tube 2 and the type II dielectric tube 3 are both 20 μm, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a dispersion of 0.4±0.8 ps / THz / cm.

[0096] It should be noted that the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber in this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, L c represents the limiting loss, f represents the operating frequency, c represents the speed of light, Im(n eff ) represents the imaginary part of the effective refractive index, Im(n eff ) changes with the outer radius of the Class I medium pipe;

[0099] The absorption loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, α eff represents the absorption loss, ε 0 represents the dielectric constant, μ 0 represents the vacuum permeability, n mat Represents the refractive index of the material, α mat represents the intrinsic EML of the bulk material, E represents the electric field component, and S z represents the z-component of the Poynting vector, H * represents the magnetic field component, A represents the integral variable, α mat It changes with the thickness of Class I medium pipe and Class II medium pipe.

[0102] The dispersion of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, β 2 represents dispersion, n eff represents the effective refractive index, ω represents the angular frequency, and c represents the speed of light;

[0105] According to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment, based on the modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of the traditional suspended core optical fiber on the thin arm in the manufacturing process is avoided; this improvement has a positive impact on the optical fiber manufacturing process; such a structure can ensure that most of the energy in the mode is distributed in the air hole, effectively reducing the absorption loss; the optical fiber core is supported by a bracket, which realizes effective isolation from the surrounding environment, reduces external interference, and improves the stability of the optical fiber. The optical fiber structure is simple, and all boundaries are circular, which is not only easy to manufacture, but also enhances the deformation resistance of the optical fiber. The optical fiber has extremely low loss and wide and flat dispersion characteristics, ensuring the high performance of the signal in long-distance transmission.

[0106] Embodiment 3

[0107] A terahertz suspended core optical fiber, comprising:

[0108] Outer sleeve 1;

[0109] A plurality of Class I medium pipes 2 are arranged in the outer casing 1, and each Class I medium pipe 2 is tangent to the outer casing 1;

[0110] A plurality of type II medium pipes 3 , the same number as the type I medium pipes 2 , are arranged in the outer sleeve 1 , and a type II medium pipe 3 is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each type I medium pipe 2 .

[0111] It should be noted that the radius of the type I medium pipe 2 is greater than the radius of the type II medium pipe 3 .

[0112] It should be noted that there is no connection node between the multiple Class I medium pipes 2; and there is no connection node between the multiple Class II medium pipes 3.

[0113] It should be noted that the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the outer sleeve 1 is the first tangent point; the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 tangent thereto is the second tangent point;

[0114] The connecting line between each first tangent point and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the Class I medium pipe 2 corresponding to the first tangent point.

[0115] It should be noted that the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 is the first type of hole 31, and the internal area of ​​the Class II medium pipe 3 is the second type of hole 32; the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class I medium pipes 2, the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is the third type of hole 21, and the internal area of ​​the Class I medium pipe 2 is the fourth type of hole 22.

[0116] It should be noted that the first type of hole 31, the second type of hole 32 and multiple type II dielectric tubes 3 constitute the fiber core; the third type of hole 21, the fourth type of hole 22 and the type I dielectric tube 2 constitute the cladding, the effective refractive index of the core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and its optical principle is the modified total internal reflection effect.

[0117] It should be noted that the first type of holes 31 , the second type of holes 32 , the third type of holes 21 and the fourth type of holes 22 are all filled with air.

[0118] It should be noted that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium pipe 2 is 10 μm-100 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium pipe 3 is 10 μm-100 μm.

[0119] It should be noted that the number of the Class I medium pipes 2 is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0120] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

[0121] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are all circular pipes.

[0122] See also Figure 7As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is equal to 0.2mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.4mm, and the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 230μm; the number of Class I medium tubes 2 and Class II medium tubes 3 are both 3, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 100μm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20μm; the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20μm.

[0123] It should be noted that, under the condition that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.4 mm, the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 230 μm, the number of the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are both 3, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 100 μm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm, and the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm:

[0124] When the operating frequency is 0.5 THz, the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is 3.32×10 - 3 dB / cm, the absorption loss is 2.7×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0125] When the operating frequency is in the range of 0.4THz-1.1THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a limiting loss as low as 1.3×10 -12 dB / cm, absorption loss as low as 1.31×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0126] When the operating frequency is 0.4 THz-0.73 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss lower than 0.0868 dB / cm, and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.33 THz.

[0127] It should be noted that the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber in this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0128]

[0129] Among them, L c represents the limiting loss, f represents the operating frequency, c represents the speed of light, Im(n eff ) represents the imaginary part of the effective refractive index, Im(n eff ) changes with the outer radius of the Class I medium pipe;

[0130] The absorption loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0131]

[0132] Among them, α effrepresents the absorption loss, ε 0 represents the dielectric constant, μ 0 represents the vacuum permeability, n mat Represents the refractive index of the material, α mat represents the intrinsic EML of the bulk material, E represents the electric field component, and S z represents the z-component of the Poynting vector, H * represents the magnetic field component, A represents the integral variable, α mat It changes with the thickness of Class I medium pipe and Class II medium pipe.

[0133] According to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment, based on the modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of the traditional suspended core optical fiber on the thin arm in the manufacturing process is avoided; this improvement has a positive impact on the optical fiber manufacturing process; such a structure can ensure that most of the energy in the mode is distributed in the air hole, effectively reducing the absorption loss; the optical fiber core is supported by a bracket, which realizes effective isolation from the surrounding environment, reduces external interference, and improves the stability of the optical fiber. The optical fiber structure is simple, and all boundaries are circular, which is not only easy to manufacture, but also enhances the deformation resistance of the optical fiber. The optical fiber has extremely low loss and wide and flat dispersion characteristics, ensuring the high performance of the signal in long-distance transmission.

[0134] Embodiment 4

[0135] A terahertz suspended core optical fiber, comprising:

[0136] Outer sleeve 1;

[0137] A plurality of Class I medium pipes 2 are arranged in the outer casing 1, and each Class I medium pipe 2 is tangent to the outer casing 1;

[0138] A plurality of type II medium pipes 3 , the same number as the type I medium pipes 2 , are arranged in the outer sleeve 1 , and a type II medium pipe 3 is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each type I medium pipe 2 .

[0139] It should be noted that the radius of the type I medium pipe 2 is greater than the radius of the type II medium pipe 3 .

[0140] It should be noted that there is no connection node between the multiple Class I medium pipes 2; and there is no connection node between the multiple Class II medium pipes 3.

[0141] It should be noted that the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the outer sleeve 1 is the first tangent point; the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 tangent thereto is the second tangent point;

[0142] The connecting line between each first tangent point and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the Class I medium pipe 2 corresponding to the first tangent point.

[0143] It should be noted that the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 is the first type of hole 31, and the internal area of ​​the Class II medium pipe 3 is the second type of hole 32; the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class I medium pipes 2, the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is the third type of hole 21, and the internal area of ​​the Class I medium pipe 2 is the fourth type of hole 22.

[0144] It should be noted that the first type of hole 31, the second type of hole 32 and multiple type II dielectric tubes 3 constitute the fiber core; the third type of hole 21, the fourth type of hole 22 and the type I dielectric tube 2 constitute the cladding, the effective refractive index of the core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and its optical principle is the modified total internal reflection effect.

[0145] It should be noted that the first type of holes 31 , the second type of holes 32 , the third type of holes 21 and the fourth type of holes 22 are all filled with air.

[0146] It should be noted that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium pipe 2 is 10 μm-100 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium pipe 3 is 10 μm-100 μm.

[0147] It should be noted that the number of the Class I medium pipes 2 is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0148] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

[0149] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are all circular pipes.

[0150] See also Figure 8 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is equal to 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.2 mm, and the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 350 μm; the number of Class I medium tubes 2 and Class II medium tubes 3 are both 5, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 250 μm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm.

[0151] It should be noted that under the condition that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 350 μm, the number of the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are both 5, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 250 μm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm, and the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm:

[0152] When the operating frequency is 0.5 THz, the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is 9.1×10 - 3 dB / cm, the absorption loss is 2.85×10-2 dB / cm;

[0153] When the operating frequency is in the range of 0.4THz-1.1THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a limiting loss as low as 6.94×10 -14 dB / cm, absorption loss as low as 1.5×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0154] When the operating frequency is 0.41 THz-0.72 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss lower than 0.0868 dB / cm, and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.31 THz.

[0155] It should be noted that the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber in this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, L c represents the limiting loss, f represents the operating frequency, c represents the speed of light, Im(n eff ) represents the imaginary part of the effective refractive index, Im(n eff ) changes with the outer radius of the Class I medium pipe;

[0158] The absorption loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, α eff represents the absorption loss, ε 0 represents the dielectric constant, μ 0 represents the vacuum permeability, n mat Represents the refractive index of the material, α mat represents the intrinsic EML of the bulk material, E represents the electric field component, and S z represents the z-component of the Poynting vector, H * represents the magnetic field component, A represents the integral variable, α mat It changes with the thickness of Class I medium pipe and Class II medium pipe.

[0161] According to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment, based on the modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of the traditional suspended core optical fiber on the thin arm in the manufacturing process is avoided; this improvement has a positive impact on the optical fiber manufacturing process; such a structure can ensure that most of the energy in the mode is distributed in the air hole, effectively reducing the absorption loss; the optical fiber core is supported by a bracket, which realizes effective isolation from the surrounding environment, reduces external interference, and improves the stability of the optical fiber. The optical fiber structure is simple, and all boundaries are circular, which is not only easy to manufacture, but also enhances the deformation resistance of the optical fiber. The optical fiber has extremely low loss and wide and flat dispersion characteristics, ensuring the high performance of the signal in long-distance transmission.

[0162] Embodiment 5

[0163] A terahertz suspended core optical fiber, comprising:

[0164] Outer sleeve 1;

[0165] A plurality of Class I medium pipes 2 are arranged in the outer casing 1, and each Class I medium pipe 2 is tangent to the outer casing 1;

[0166] A plurality of type II medium pipes 3 , the same number as the type I medium pipes 2 , are arranged in the outer sleeve 1 , and a type II medium pipe 3 is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each type I medium pipe 2 .

[0167] It should be noted that the radius of the type I medium pipe 2 is greater than the radius of the type II medium pipe 3 .

[0168] It should be noted that there is no connection node between the multiple Class I medium pipes 2; and there is no connection node between the multiple Class II medium pipes 3.

[0169] It should be noted that the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the outer sleeve 1 is the first tangent point; the tangent point between each Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 tangent thereto is the second tangent point;

[0170] The connecting line between each first tangent point and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the Class I medium pipe 2 corresponding to the first tangent point.

[0171] It should be noted that the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 is the first type of hole 31, and the internal area of ​​the Class II medium pipe 3 is the second type of hole 32; the area enclosed by the outer walls of multiple Class I medium pipes 2, the outer walls of multiple Class II medium pipes 3 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 is the third type of hole 21, and the internal area of ​​the Class I medium pipe 2 is the fourth type of hole 22.

[0172] It should be noted that the first type of hole 31, the second type of hole 32 and multiple type II dielectric tubes 3 constitute the fiber core; the third type of hole 21, the fourth type of hole 22 and the type I dielectric tube 2 constitute the cladding, the effective refractive index of the core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and its optical principle is the modified total internal reflection effect.

[0173] It should be noted that the first type of holes 31 , the second type of holes 32 , the third type of holes 21 and the fourth type of holes 22 are all filled with air.

[0174] It should be noted that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium pipe 2 is 10 μm-100 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium pipe 3 is 10 μm-100 μm.

[0175] It should be noted that the number of the Class I medium pipes 2 is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0176] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium tube 2 and the Class II medium tube 3 are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

[0177] It should be noted that the outer sleeve 1, the Class I medium pipe 2 and the Class II medium pipe 3 are all circular pipes.

[0178] See also Fig. 9 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is equal to 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.0 mm, and the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 400 μm; the number of Class I medium tubes 2 and Class II medium tubes 3 are both 6, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type hole 31 is 420 μm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm; the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm.

[0179] It should be noted that, under the condition that the thickness of the outer sleeve 1 is 0.2 mm, the outer radius of the Class I medium tube 2 is 1.0 mm, the outer radius of the Class II medium tube 3 is 400 μm, the number of the Class I medium tubes 2 and the Class II medium tubes 3 are both 6, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first type of hole 31 is 420 μm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube 2 is 20 μm, and the thickness of the Class II medium tube 3 is 20 μm:

[0180] When the operating frequency is 0.5 THz, the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is 6.06×10 - 2 dB / cm, the absorption loss is 2.54×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0181] When the operating frequency is in the range of 0.4THz-1.1THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a limiting loss as low as 8.01×10 -12 dB / cm, absorption loss as low as 1.32×10 -2 dB / cm;

[0182] When the operating frequency is 0.5 THz-0.71 THz, the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment can achieve a total loss lower than 0.0868 dB / cm, and a low-loss bandwidth of 0.21 THz.

[0183] It should be noted that the limiting loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber in this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0184]

[0185] Among them, L c represents the limiting loss, f represents the operating frequency, c represents the speed of light, Im(n eff ) represents the imaginary part of the effective refractive index, Im(n eff ) changes with the outer radius of the Class I medium pipe;

[0186] The absorption loss of the terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment is calculated by the following formula:

[0187]

[0188] Among them, α eff represents the absorption loss, ε 0 represents the dielectric constant, μ 0 represents the vacuum permeability, n mat Represents the refractive index of the material, α mat represents the intrinsic EML of the bulk material, E represents the electric field component, and S z represents the z-component of the Poynting vector, H * represents the magnetic field component, A represents the integral variable, α mat It changes with the thickness of Class I medium pipe and Class II medium pipe.

[0189] According to a terahertz suspended core optical fiber of this embodiment, based on the modified total internal reflection principle, the dependence of the traditional suspended core optical fiber on the thin arm in the manufacturing process is avoided; this improvement has a positive impact on the optical fiber manufacturing process; such a structure can ensure that most of the energy in the mode is distributed in the air hole, effectively reducing the absorption loss; the optical fiber core is supported by a bracket, which realizes effective isolation from the surrounding environment, reduces external interference, and improves the stability of the optical fiber. The optical fiber structure is simple, and all boundaries are circular, which is not only easy to manufacture, but also enhances the deformation resistance of the optical fiber. The optical fiber has extremely low loss and wide and flat dispersion characteristics, ensuring the high performance of the signal in long-distance transmission.

[0190] In this application, the term "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0191] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0192] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A terahertz suspended core optical fiber, characterized in that: include: An outer sleeve (1); A plurality of Class I medium pipes (2) are arranged in the outer sleeve (1), and each of the Class I medium pipes (2) is tangent to the outer sleeve (1); A plurality of type II medium pipes (3) having the same number as the type I medium pipes (2) are arranged in the outer sleeve (1), and one type II medium pipe (3) is tangentially arranged on the outer wall of each type I medium pipe (2); Wherein, the radius of the Class I medium pipe (2) is greater than the radius of the Class II medium pipe (3).

2. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are no connection nodes between the multiple Class I medium pipes (2); and there are no connection nodes between the multiple Class II medium pipes (3).

3. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tangent point between each of the Class I medium pipes (2) and the outer sleeve (1) is a first tangent point; the tangent point between each of the Class I medium pipes (2) and the Class II medium pipe (3) tangent thereto is a second tangent point; The connecting line between each first tangent point and the corresponding second tangent point passes through the center of the circle of the Class I medium pipe (2) corresponding to the first tangent point.

4. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area enclosed by the outer walls of the multiple Class II medium tubes (3) is a first-type hole (31), and the inner area of ​​the Class II medium tube (3) is a second-type hole (32); the area enclosed by the outer walls of the multiple Class I medium tubes (2), the outer walls of the multiple Class II medium tubes (3) and the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1) is a third-type hole (21), and the inner area of ​​the Class I medium tube (2) is a fourth-type hole (22).

5. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first type of hole (31), the second type of hole (32) and the plurality of type II dielectric tubes (3) constitute a fiber core; the third type of hole (21), the fourth type of hole (22) and the type I dielectric tube (2) constitute a cladding; the effective refractive index of the fiber core is greater than the effective refractive index of the cladding, and the optical principle is a modified total internal reflection effect.

6. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first type of holes (31), the second type of holes (32), the third type of holes (21) and the fourth type of holes (22) are all filled with air.

7. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the outer sleeve (1) is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, the thickness of the Class I medium tube (2) is 10 μm-100 μm; and the thickness of the Class II medium tube (3) is 10 μm-100 μm.

8. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the Class I medium pipes (2) is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

9. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1), the Class I medium tube (2) and the Class II medium tube (3) are made of the same material, which is any one of silicon dioxide, soft glass or plastic.

10. The terahertz suspended core optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1), the Class I medium pipe (2) and the Class II medium pipe (3) are all circular pipes.

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