Interplanting mode and method of new Chinese fir variety and camellia oleifera

Abstract

The invention discloses an interplanting mode and method of a new Chinese fir variety and camellia oleifera, and belongs to the technical field of artificial afforestation. According to the method, a multi-layer cultivation and composite operation mode which can be in symbiotic complementation with oil-tea camellia is built by utilizing the variation characteristics of narrow and small crown and high and straight trunk of a new Chinese fir variety, namely, Hubei cunning-1 (cunninghamia lanceolata (cunninghamia lanceolata for short); the selected tree species are scientific and reasonable in structure, the wide crown breadth of the camellia oleifera and the narrow crown breadth of the cunninghamia lanceolata are mutually spaced, the high-trunk type of the cunninghamia lanceolata and the low-trunk type of the camellia oleifera are spatially staggered, the camellia oleifera can be shaded in the early stage, the crown layering in the later stage can keep sufficient illumination in the forest, and the two tree species form a symbiotic and complementary spatial structure relationship; meanwhile, the forest stand structure is more optimized, the young forest canopy density is improved, the bare forest land is reduced, the forest land environment is improved, the forest stand quality, the health condition, the operation benefits and the ecological landscape effect are effectively improved, one-land multi-purpose and one-land multi-harvest are achieved, efficient utilization of land resources is promoted, and the ecological, economic and social multifunctional benefits of artificial forests are brought into play; diversified and high-quality supply of forest products such as oil and wood is guaranteed, and the double purposes of sustainable operation of artificial forest land and high-quality development of the camellia oleifera industry are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of artificial mixed afforestation of economic forests and timber forests, and specifically, relates to the interplanting of a new variety of Chinese fir in an oil-tea forest and a composite management model thereof, and more particularly to a mixed afforestation of oil-tea and a new variety of Chinese fir with a narrow crown and a tall and straight trunk, and a management method thereof, with the goal of improving forest land utilization, enhancing forest stand quality and increasing management efficiency. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera is an important economic tree. However, the growth period of Camellia oleifera is long, especially the growth of young trees is slow, the forest canopy is slow to close, and the forest surface lacks vegetation protection and is exposed all year round. First, the low canopy density is not suitable for the shade-loving characteristics of Camellia oleifera young trees, resulting in a low afforestation survival rate and high management and maintenance costs. Second, it is easily affected by rain erosion and soil erosion. Third, it is easily exposed to direct sunlight, which causes the soil temperature to rise, affecting the activity of soil microorganisms and the circulation of soil nutrients. Fourth, the single forest structure is easily affected by extreme weather and large fluctuations in habitat factors such as forest temperature and humidity, thus causing problems such as pests and diseases and ecological safety. Therefore, the current utilization rate of most Camellia oleifera young forests is low, the forest quality and biodiversity are not high, and the management efficiency is not ideal.

[0003] In order to improve this situation, some researchers have adopted intercropping crop management models in young oil tea forests, such as intercropping vegetables, Chinese medicinal materials, grain and oil crops, forage grass and other economic crops. Although these management models can improve soil quality, increase the efficiency of land use per unit area, and increase the economic benefits of oil tea forests, oil tea is generally planted on barren mountain slopes, and strip afforestation methods are mostly used. Due to terrain restrictions, crop planting, fertilization, pest control and harvesting are more dependent on manual labor, and production costs are relatively high, which limits the large-scale promotion and application of intercropping crop models.

[0004] The mixed forest model can form a forest stand structure with more layers or thicker canopies, which plays an important role in improving protection efficiency and ecological stability. Its advantages are that it can make full use of space and nutritional area, realize a multi-layer forest stand structure, improve the microclimate in the forest, and increase biodiversity including understory vegetation and insect species. The purpose of artificially creating mixed forests is to make different tree species complement each other, such as mixing tree species with deep and shallow root systems, mixing positive tree species with negative tree species, mixing wide crown tree species with narrow crown tree species, etc., to form a symbiotic and complementary structural relationship between tree species. Camellia oleifera has a well-developed root system and deep roots. It is an acid-loving positive tree species. It is generally believed that Camellia oleifera is not suitable for mixing with tall trees. Most of them are managed in a pure forest model. Research on Camellia oleifera mixed forests is very rare.

[0005] CN105028118A discloses a method for establishing a mixed high-yield oil tea forest. In the oil tea forest, a mixed row of mixed plants is arranged for every 2-5 rows of oil tea forest, and in the mixed row, one mixed plant is planted for every 2-5 oil tea plants. The mixed plants selected are camellia sasanqua, chrysanthemum and osmanthus. This method is a multi-row and multi-plant mixed method. First, the pattern is relatively complex and difficult to master in actual operation. Second, the pattern cannot comprehensively improve the problem of exposed forest land, and will also lead to a small number of oil tea plants and affect the yield per unit area. Third, osmanthus, one of the mixed plants, is an evergreen tree with a wide crown. Although its height is controlled, it is bound to form a strong competitive relationship with the oil tea in the later stage, thereby having an adverse effect on the oil tea. Huang Yun et al. analyzed the current status and development advantages of eucalyptus and camellia oleifera saplings, and introduced the mixed afforestation technology of eucalyptus and camellia oleifera saplings from the aspects of selection of improved varieties, mountain clearing and land preparation, planting, management during the period, and pest and disease control (Huang Yun, Qin Mei. A brief analysis of the mixed afforestation technology of eucalyptus and camellia oleifera in Guangxi State-owned Liuwan Forest Farm. Southern Agriculture. 2023); Qin Wei reported a mixed afforestation model of camellia oleifera saplings and camphor saplings (Qin Wei. Benefit evaluation of temporary mixed afforestation model of camellia oleifera and camphor saplings. Central South University of Forestry and Technology. 2016); although Research on mixed forests of camellia oil and eucalyptus, and camellia oil and camphor tree shows that mixed forests of camellia oil can improve forest soil quality and increase forest productivity. However, since eucalyptus and camphor are deep-rooted and large-crown trees, these mixed forests are only suitable for young camellia oil forests, and both grow faster than camellia oil. Camphor oil, in particular, is an evergreen species and will compete strongly with camellia oil for soil fertility and forest space within a shorter growth cycle, thereby affecting the growth of camellia oil and its production and management. Its theoretical basis and basic principles lack scientific rationality and sustainability. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the many ecological quality problems and production and operation status quo, such as the slow growth of young oil-tea plantations, the closure at 7-8 years old, long-term exposure of forest land, soil loss and desertification, unstable forest structure, low biodiversity and forest land utilization rate, and low management efficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mixed oil-tea plantation and composite management method, which effectively improves the environment of oil-tea plantations and at the same time enhances the utilization rate and management efficiency of oil-tea plantations.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the inventors, through years of experimental research and unremitting exploration, finally creatively utilized the variation characteristics of a new variety of Chinese fir - 'Eshan No. 1' (Luotian weeping fir, abbreviated as weeping fir), which is significantly different from ordinary Chinese fir, such as narrow crown and tall and straight trunk, to establish a multi-layer cultivation model that can complement and coexist with young oil tea forests and layered symbiosis with mature forests, so as to promote the growth of young oil tea forests and efficient utilization of forest land, and realize the multi-objective management of co-construction of economic forests and timber forests, and the harvest of both oil and timber.

[0008] Specifically, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a method for mixed afforestation and composite management of oil-tea camellia, which selects oil-tea camellia and weeping fir to create a mixed forest, including afforestation site selection, seedling selection, mixed pattern determination, forestland preparation, planting technology, tending management and composite management, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0009] (1) Forest land selection

[0010] Select newly planted land below 1200m above sea level suitable for oil-tea plantation, or select 1-5-year-old oil-tea saplings, or oil-tea saplings with a canopy density below 0.5 after thinning and transformation. The soil should be loose, with a soil layer thickness of more than 60cm, good drainage, good fertility, and a soil texture of sandy loam to light clay;

[0011] (2) Selection of seedlings

[0012] ①Oil-tea seedlings

[0013] Select strains suitable for local planting, 2-3 year old grafted seedlings, and the quality of seedlings shall meet the relevant standards for oil-tea afforestation;

[0014] ②Cedrus truncatula seedlings

[0015] One-year-old light substrate container cutting seedlings are used for afforestation. The seedling specifications must meet the Class I seedling standards, with a ground diameter of more than 0.3 cm and a seedling height of more than 25 cm, and full terminal buds.

[0016] (3) Determination of hybrid mode

[0017] Adopt interplanting method, the configuration ratio of oil-tea camellia and weeping cedar is 1: (1-2), and the distance between oil-tea camellia and weeping cedar is controlled between 1.0 and 1.5m;

[0018] (4) Forest land preparation

[0019] ① Forest land clearing

[0020] In the winter of the year before afforestation, cut down and clear the forest land according to the technical regulations for oil-tea afforestation;

[0021] ② Land preparation

[0022] The newly planted land shall be fully cultivated or strip-shaped according to the technical regulations for oil-tea afforestation. When the oil-tea forest land is mixed, the pit-shaped land shall be prepared with a size of (45-55) cm × (45-55) cm × (55-65) cm, and tree roots and gravel shall be removed;

[0023] ③Planting hole

[0024] The minimum size of the planting hole is 30cm×30cm×30cm. Apply 50g~100g of decomposed organic fertilizer or 20g~50g of compound fertilizer to each hole and mix well with the soil.

[0025] (5) Planting technology

[0026] ① Planting time

[0027] Complete afforestation in late winter and early spring before seedlings sprout;

[0028] ②Oil tea planting

[0029] Implement according to the technical regulations for oil-tea camellia afforestation;

[0030] ③ Planting of weeping fir

[0031] When planting, the seedlings should be planted as soon as they are dug up. During transportation, attention should be paid to moisture retention. Before planting, the overly long roots of the seedlings should be pruned. When planting, the seedlings should be upright and the roots should be stretched out. They should be planted deep, with a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the seedling height. The soil should be covered and compacted in layers, but it should not be used too hard to avoid damaging the soil in the container root ball. Water the roots sufficiently and cover the upper layer with loose soil, slightly higher than the ground.

[0032] ④Replanting

[0033] Within one month after afforestation, check the afforestation land every 8 to 12 days and replant missing or dead plants in time;

[0034] (6) Nursing and management

[0035] According to the technical regulations for oil-tea afforestation, the trees should be tended twice a year in the first to third years after afforestation, with routine tending management in May to June and August to September respectively. In the second to third years after afforestation, fertilizer should be applied once a year, combined with soil loosening and fertilization in the ditch, with 30g to 50g of compound fertilizer applied per plant.

[0036] (7) Composite Operation

[0037] ①Oil tea business

[0038] Carry out forest management, tree species control, flower and production promotion, fruit harvesting, etc. in accordance with the technical specifications for oil-tea camellia management;

[0039] ② Cultivation of small-diameter Chinese fir

[0040] According to the cultivation model of small-diameter fast-growing fir, when the age of the weeping fir forest reaches 8 to 10 years, or the average diameter reaches 10 cm, the main felling can be carried out;

[0041] ③ Cultivation of medium and large diameter wood of Chinese fir

[0042] Referring to the technical regulations for the cultivation of fast-growing Chinese fir timber, with medium and large diameter timber as the cultivation target, the weeping fir is cultivated for a period of 20 to 25 years or longer.

[0043] It should be noted that Camellia oleifera is an evergreen shrub with a spherical or ovoid crown. It likes shade in the early growth stage, but needs sufficient light in the later stage. The weeping fir is the first new species of fir in my country. It is an excellent natural variation type. Its crown is narrow, with an average crown width of about 1.5m and a crown height of 2m to 3m. The side branches droop naturally, with an angle of about 150°. Old branches over 6 years old die naturally and break off from the main trunk. The natural pruning is excellent, the main trunk is straight and round, and there are no side branch knots. Due to its narrow crown and high trunk that does not shade the field, its native area is mainly densely planted on ridges, ditches, and river banks. It has a history of nearly 100 years and is an ideal dense plant type. The inventors have found that weeping cypress is more suitable for the mixed afforestation model of oil-tea than other tree species. In addition to the mixed planting of coniferous and broad-leaved trees and the mixed planting of trees and shrubs, which are the basic models for building mixed forests, the height growth of weeping cypress is obvious, and it can provide shade for oil-tea appropriately in the early stage. The narrow crown of weeping cypress forms an alternating wide and narrow plant structure with oil-tea without forming a strong competitive relationship. The tall and straight trunks of naturally pruned trees can form a canopy structure with staggered heights and effectively utilize spatial resources and nutrients. A multi-level complex ecosystem that conforms to the theoretical principles of mixed forest construction can be created to improve the biodiversity and ecological stability of the forest land, make more effective use of land resources, and improve land utilization rate, thereby obtaining an efficient compound management model.

[0044] Further preferably, in the mixed oil-tea afforestation method as described above, the weeping fir seedlings in step (2) can also be selected from 2-year-old large container seedlings with a ground diameter of more than 1.2 cm and a seedling height of more than 80 cm.

[0045] Further preferably, when the mixed forest is replanted in 1-5 year old tea oil saplings according to the above-mentioned tea oil mixed afforestation method, if the tea oil plant spacing does not exceed 3m, the configuration ratio of tea oil and weeping cypress in step (3) is 1:1; if the tea oil plant spacing exceeds 3m, the configuration ratio of tea oil and weeping cypress in step (3) is 1:2.

[0046] Further preferably, in the above-mentioned mixed afforestation method for oil-tea, if weeping fir and oil-tea are planted simultaneously, step (4) refers to the oil-tea forest land arrangement specifications and the forest land preparation is carried out synchronously according to the mixed planting pattern design.

[0047] Further preferably, in the mixed oil-tea afforestation method as described above, the conventional tending management in step (6) includes weeding, mowing, straightening, removing sprouts, and loosening the soil, with the loosening depth being 10 cm to 20 cm.

[0048] Still further preferably, in the mixed oil-tea tree afforestation method as described above, the oil-tea tree variety is the Changlin series.

[0049] Compared with the pure oil-tea forest management model, the interplanting of the new Chinese fir variety in the oil-tea forest and the composite management model adopted by the present invention have the following advantages and progress:

[0050] (1) The tree species structure is more reasonable. The wide crown of Camellia oleifera and the narrow crown of Cryptomeria japonica are spaced apart. The high trunk of Cryptomeria japonica and the low trunk of Camellia oleifera are staggered in space, which can provide shade for Camellia oleifera in the early stage. The crown stratification in the later stage can maintain sufficient light in the forest. The two tree species form a symbiotic and complementary spatial structural relationship.

[0051] (2) The forest stand structure is more optimized. The present invention can effectively increase the forest stand density, especially improve the canopy density of young forests, form a high-low multi-layered canopy, and promote the growth of young tea oil trees through moderate shading and moderate competition.

[0052] (3) Effectively improve the forest environment. By increasing the density and canopy density of the forest stand, it can effectively reduce the bare land in the forest. It can also fine-tune the climate in the forest by increasing air humidity and lowering temperature, reduce the light intensity in the forest, promote the growth of understory vegetation and microbial activity, and improve the forest soil.

[0053] (4) Improve management efficiency. The ecological niches selected by Camellia oleifera and Cedar truncatula do not overlap, which can fully utilize time, space and light resources, thereby obtaining the maximum biomass and promoting the growth and yield of Camellia oleifera. This will create a composite management model of economic forests and timber forests, realize the diversification and quality improvement of forest products such as oil and timber, and effectively improve the quality, health and ecological landscape of the forest stand.

[0054] In short, this patent uses the principles of biological mutualism and community spatial structure, adopts new planting and existing forest transformation, etc., to interplant oil tea with timber forest, forming a multi-species, multi-level mixed forest, which can make full use of space, climate and soil resources in the forest, realize multiple uses and multiple harvests in one place, and alleviate the contradiction between insufficient supply and demand of land resources. If the present invention is applied on a large scale in practice, it can promote the efficient use of land resources, give play to the ecological, economic, social and other multifunctional benefits of artificial forests, achieve the realistic goals of increasing resources, increasing forestry efficiency and increasing farmers' income, ensure the diversification and quality of forest product supply, and achieve the dual goals of sustainable management of artificial forests and high-quality development of the oil tea industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 : Morphological characteristics of Camellia oleifera (left) and Cryptomeria japonica (right);

[0056] Figure 2 : Design diagram of mixed planting pattern (○ is Camellia oleifera, △ is Cunninghamia lanceolata);

[0057] Figure 3 : Twin data graph of stand structure of different ages in mixed planting mode with 2m spacing of oil-tea camellia;

[0058] Figure 4 : Twin data diagram of stand structure of different ages in mixed planting mode of oil-tea camellia with 3m spacing;

[0059] Figure 5 : Twin data diagram of stand structure of different ages in mixed planting mode of oil-tea camellia with 4m spacing;

[0060] Figure 6 : The forest land of pure Camellia oleifera forest (7 years old) is exposed;

[0061] Figure 7 : Soil and water loss in pure oil-tea camellia forest (7 years old);

[0062] Figure 8 : Mixed planting pattern of Camellia oleifera + Cryptomeria japonica (1:1 mixed planting between plants, Camellia oleifera 7 years old, Cryptomeria japonica 4 years old). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Any changes or equivalent substitutions that do not deviate from the concept of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] The present invention relates to a new interplanting model and method of Chinese fir and oil-tea tree varieties, including afforestation site selection, seedling specifications, mixed planting model, forestland preparation, planting technology, tending management and forest stand management. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0065] 1. Forest land selection

[0066] The forest is located in Tianwan Village, Wudian Town, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province. The geographical coordinates are 112°46' east longitude and 31°59' north latitude. It belongs to the subtropical continental monsoon climate with typical four distinct seasons. The summer is hot and humid, the winter is cold and dry, the spring and autumn are mild, the sunshine is sufficient, the annual average precipitation is 800-1000mm, and the annual average temperature is about 15.5℃. The terrain is relatively flat, with a slope of 2°-3°, a soil thickness of 40cm-60cm, and mainly sandy soil. The oil tea forest was planted in 2015. The variety is the Changlin series, afforestation of 2-year-old grafted seedlings, density of 2m×3m, and conventional tending management.

[0067] 2. Specifications of seedlings

[0068] In 2020, the weeping fir was interplanted in the 5-year-old oil-tea forest, and the pure oil-tea forest without interplanting was used as a control. The weeping fir is a 1-year-old light substrate container cutting seedling, with an average ground diameter of 0.4 cm, a seedling height of 28 cm, and full terminal buds.

[0069] 3. Hybrid mode

[0070] The inter-plant mixed planting method is adopted, with a configuration ratio of 1:1, and the spacing between oil tea and weeping fir is about 1m.

[0071] 4. Forest land preparation

[0072] In the winter of 2019, cut down the forest shrubs, prepare the land in holes with specifications of 50cm×50cm×60cm, remove tree roots and gravel, dig 30cm×30cm×30cm planting holes, apply 50g~100g of decomposed organic fertilizer or 20g~50g of compound fertilizer in each hole, and mix well with the soil.

[0073] 5. Planting technology

[0074] Afforestation should be completed in March 2020. During afforestation, the seedlings should be planted as soon as they are dug up. During transportation, attention should be paid to moisture retention. Before planting, the overly long roots of the seedlings should be pruned. When planting seedlings, the stems should be upright and the roots should be stretched out. The seedlings should be planted deep, with a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the seedling height. The soil should be covered and compacted in layers, but force should not be used to avoid damaging the soil in the container root ball. Water the soil sufficiently to establish roots, and cover the upper layer with loose soil, slightly higher than the ground. Within one month after afforestation, the afforestation land should be checked every 10 days to replant missing or dead plants in time.

[0075] 6. Nurturing and management

[0076] Combined with routine tending management of oil-tea, tending is carried out twice a year in the first to third years after afforestation, in May-June and August-September respectively, including weeding, mowing, straightening, sprout removal, and loosening the soil with a depth of 10cm-20cm; fertilization is applied once a year in the second to third year of afforestation, combined with fertilization in loosening ditches, with 30g-50g of compound fertilizer applied per plant.

[0077] In 2023, pure tea tree forests and tea tree and cedar intercropping model plots were selected in the study area for investigation. The results showed (see Table 1):

[0078] (1) Although the age of the weeping cedar and Chinese fir is 3 years younger than that of the oil-tea camellia, their tree height is about 65% greater, and a multi-layered spatial structure has been formed. The narrow crown of the weeping cedar is very obvious, and from the perspective of morphological characteristics, it can form a coordinated and complementary spatial structure relationship with the oil-tea camellia with staggered heights and alternating widths and narrows.

[0079] (2) The average tree height, ground diameter and crown width of Camellia oleifera in the interplanting pattern were higher than those in the pure forest pattern. The average tree height, ground diameter and crown width increased by 18.89%, 5.53% and 6.13%, respectively, and there were significant differences (p < 0.05). The interplanting pattern of Camellia oleifera + Cephalotaxus truncatus had a significant effect on promoting the growth of Camellia oleifera. This may be because the crown of Cephalotaxus truncatus was narrow and did not form a spatial competition relationship with Camellia oleifera. However, by increasing the tree species structure and improving the forest environment, it was more conducive to the stability of the forest stand, and the improvement of its health and quality.

[0080] (3) Although the stands of the two models did not reach a completely closed state, the intercropping model increased the stand density and forest coverage by about 50% compared with the pure forest model, while the overlap of the pure forest stand was 0. The intercropping model can effectively improve the utilization rate of forest land and space, but the stand structure is sparse in the young forest stage, the competition relationship is not obvious, and the crown growth space is sufficient;

[0081] (4) The intercropping model has a 19.5% higher yield per tea tree than the pure forest model. At 10 yuan per kg, the average annual economic income from tea seeds per mu is 164 yuan. The average breast diameter of weeping fir is 10.5 cm and the average tree height is 9.8 m. There are 100 trees per mu. At 30 yuan per root, the timber income per mu is 3,000 yuan. The sum of the two increases the average annual income per mu by 464 yuan.

[0082] Table 1: Average tree growth and stand structure indicators in the mixed forest model of Camellia oleifera and Cunninghamia lanceolata

[0083]

[0084] Note: The diameter indicators in the table are the ground diameter for Camellia oleifera and the breast diameter for Cephalotaxus sibiricum.

Claims

1. A method for mixed afforestation and composite management of oil-tea camellia, characterized in that: The method selects oil tea and weeping fir to create a mixed forest and conducts compound management, including the following steps: (1) Forest land selection Select newly planted land below 1,200m above sea level suitable for oil-tea plantation, or select 1-5-year-old oil-tea sapling forest land, or select oil-tea forest land with a canopy density below 0.5 after thinning and transformation; the soil should be loose, with a soil layer thickness of more than 60cm, good drainage, good fertility, and a soil texture of sandy loam to light clay; (2) Selection of seedlings ①Oil-tea seedlings Select strains suitable for local planting, 2-3 year old grafted seedlings, and the quality of seedlings shall meet the relevant standards for oil-tea afforestation; ②Cedrus truncatula seedlings One-year-old light substrate container cutting seedlings are used for afforestation. The seedling specifications must meet the Class I seedling standards, with a ground diameter of more than 0.3 cm and a seedling height of more than 25 cm, and full terminal buds. (3) Determination of hybrid mode Adopt interplanting method, the ratio of oil-tea camellia to weeping cedar is 1:(1-2), and the distance between oil-tea camellia and weeping cedar is controlled between 1.0 and 1.5m; (4) Forest land preparation ① Forest land clearing In the winter of the year before afforestation, cut down and clear the forest shrubs according to the technical regulations for oil-tea afforestation; ② Land preparation The newly planted land shall be fully cultivated or strip-shaped according to the technical regulations for oil-tea afforestation; when the oil-tea forest land is supplemented with mixed forest, the pit-shaped land shall be prepared with the specifications of (45-55) cm×(45-55) cm×(55-65) cm, and the tree roots and gravel shall be removed; ③ Planting hole Dig planting holes with a size of no less than 30cm×30cm×30cm, apply 50g~100g of decomposed organic fertilizer or 20g~50g of compound fertilizer to each hole, and mix well with soil; (5) Planting technology ① Planting time Complete afforestation in late winter and early spring before seedlings sprout; ②Oil tea planting Implement according to the technical regulations for oil-tea camellia afforestation; ③ Planting of weeping fir When planting, the seedlings should be planted as soon as they are dug up. During transportation, attention should be paid to moisture retention. Before planting, the overly long roots of the seedlings should be pruned. When planting, the seedlings should be upright and the roots should be stretched out. They should be planted deep, with a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the seedling height. The soil should be covered and compacted in layers, but it should not be used too hard to avoid damaging the soil in the container root ball. Water the roots sufficiently and cover the upper layer with loose soil, slightly higher than the ground. ④Replanting Within one month after afforestation, check the afforestation land every 8 to 12 days and replant missing or dead plants in time; (6) Nursing and management In the first to third years after afforestation, the trees should be tended twice a year, with routine tending management carried out in May to June and August to September respectively. In the second to third years after afforestation, fertilization should be applied once a year, combined with soil loosening and fertilization in the ditch, with 30g to 50g of compound fertilizer applied per plant. (7) Composite Operation ①Oil tea business Carry out forest management, tree species control, flower and production promotion, and fruit harvesting in accordance with the technical specifications for oil-tea camellia management; ② Cultivation of small-diameter Chinese fir According to the cultivation model of small-diameter fast-growing fir, when the age of the weeping fir forest reaches 8 to 10 years, or the average diameter reaches 10 cm, the main felling can be carried out; ③ Cultivation of medium and large diameter wood of Chinese fir Referring to the technical regulations for the cultivation of fast-growing Chinese fir timber, with medium and large diameter timber as the cultivation target, the weeping fir is cultivated for 20 to 40 years.

2. The mixed oil-tea-tea afforestation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weeping fir seedlings can also be selected from 2-year-old large container seedlings with a ground diameter of more than 1.2 cm and a seedling height of more than 80 cm.

3. The mixed oil-tea-tea afforestation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When replanting a mixed forest in a 1- to 5-year-old oil tea sapling, if the distance between oil tea plants does not exceed 3 m, the ratio of oil tea to weeping cypress in step (3) is 1:1; if the distance between oil tea plants exceeds 3 m, the ratio of oil tea to weeping cypress in step (3) is 1:

2.

4. The mixed oil-tea-tea afforestation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If weeping fir and oil-tea tree are planted at the same time, step (4) refers to the oil-tea tree forest land preparation specifications and the forest land preparation is carried out simultaneously according to the mixed planting model design.

5. The mixed oil-tea-tea afforestation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conventional tending management described in step (6) includes weeding, mowing, straightening, removing sprouts, and loosening the soil, with the loosening depth of 10 cm to 20 cm.

6. The mixed oil-tea-tea afforestation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The oil-tea camellia variety is the Changlin series.

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