Device for reducing mine blasting fine ore rate

Abstract

The invention provides a device for reducing mine blasting fine ore rate, which comprises supporting pipes, supporting plates, first inhaul cables, first limiting rings, clamping pieces and explosives, the number of the supporting plates is multiple, second limiting rings are arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the supporting plates, the supporting plates are mutually connected through the supporting pipes, and the ends of the supporting pipes are inserted into the second limiting rings; a limiting block is arranged at the first end of the first inhaul cable, and the second end of the first inhaul cable penetrates through the supporting plate and the supporting pipe and is connected with the first limiting ring through a clamping piece. The supporting pipe and the supporting plate can be connected to form a cage-shaped structure, explosive installation is facilitated, the explosive is kept in the middle of a blast hole, non-coupling charging is achieved, the ore powder rate during blasting is reduced, the supporting pipe and the supporting plate are connected through the first inhaul cable providing pulling force, the cage-shaped structure placed in the blast hole is prevented from falling apart, and the blasting efficiency is improved. And the supporting pipe, the supporting plate and the first inhaul cable can be assembled and spliced on the blasting site, and the transferring difficulty is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blasting devices, and in particular to a device for reducing the powder ore rate of mine blasting. Background Art

[0002] In open-pit mines, blasting is often used as the preferred method of mining. During blasting, after the explosives are detonated, high-pressure gas will be generated in the blasthole, thereby crushing the ore and facilitating mining. For mines such as calcium carbonate mines, if the powder ore rate is too high during blasting, it is not conducive to the mining and subsequent processing and utilization of calcium carbonate. For this reason, people need to reduce the powder ore rate during blasting. Among them, the use of uncoupled charging is a relatively reliable method to reduce the powder ore rate. Compared with ordinary charging structures, when uncoupled charging is used, the diameter of the explosive is smaller than the inner diameter of the blasthole, leaving a certain gap between the explosive and the blasthole wall, which can reduce the peak pressure in the initial stage of blasting and avoid excessive crushing of the ore. However, since the diameter of the explosive is smaller than the inner diameter of the blasthole, it is necessary to keep the explosive in the center of the blasthole, and the required installation steps are relatively cumbersome. For this reason, people have designed some fixing devices, such as the Chinese patent application number 201320333076.7, which discloses a pre-splitting and smooth blasting uncoupled charge auxiliary device, including a blasthole and a guide rod arranged in the blasthole, the cross section of the guide rod is I-shaped, and explosive baffles and plugging support plates are sequentially installed on the guide rod from bottom to top, and a cover plate is installed at the blasthole mouth. The explosive baffles, the plugging support plates and the cover plate all have I-shaped through holes, which match the guide rods, and there is a gap between the edge of the explosive baffle and the inner wall of the blasthole. For blastholes with a length of more than 12 meters, the guide rod of the device is not easy to process and transport, which restricts its use. For this purpose, people have designed a multi-section splicing fixing device. For example, the Chinese patent application number 202222721521.9 discloses an explosive loading support device, which includes a number of support modules connected in sequence. The support module includes: a connecting seat, a supporting opening is opened in the middle of the connecting seat, and a number of first clamping grooves are opened at one end of the connecting seat; a number of connecting rods corresponding to the first clamping grooves, one end of the connecting rod is installed at the end of the connecting seat away from the first clamping groove, and the other end is embedded in the first clamping groove of the adjacent connecting seat. One end of the connecting rod is installed on the connecting seat belonging to the same support module, and the other end of the connecting rod is clamped in the first clamping groove of the adjacent connecting seat, so that each support module can be connected in sequence. The device can be spliced ​​through multiple support modules and connecting rods, which solves the problems of transportation and processing. However, when used in deeper blastholes, the connecting rod supported by the PVC pipe is only connected to the support module by friction. It is easy to loosen when placed in the blasthole, causing the entire support device to fall apart, affecting its use. For this reason, a device is needed to reduce the powder ore rate in mine blasting. The device can be easily manufactured on-site according to the depth of the blasthole, has a reliable connection and is not easy to fall apart, meets the fixation requirements of uncoupled charges, and reduces the powder ore rate during blasting. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a device for reducing the powder ore rate in mine blasting, which can be conveniently manufactured on-site according to the depth of the blasthole, has a firm connection and is not easy to fall apart, meets the fixation requirements of uncoupled charges, and reduces the powder ore rate during blasting.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention proposes a device for reducing the powder ore rate in mine blasting, comprising: a support tube, a support plate, a first cable, a first limiting ring, a clamp, and explosives. The support plates have multiple pieces, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the support plates are provided with a second limiting ring. The support plates are interconnected through a support tube, and the end of the support tube is inserted into the second limiting ring; a limiting block is provided at the first end of the first cable, and the second end of the first cable passes through the support plate and the support tube, and the second end of the first cable is connected to the first limiting ring through the clamp, and the first limiting ring is tightly attached to one side of the support plate; the explosive is installed in a cage-like structure surrounded by the support plate and the support tube, and the cage-like structure is installed in the blast hole.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a baffle and an upper cover plate, wherein the upper cover plate covers the upper opening of the blasthole, the support plate is connected to the upper cover plate through a second cable, the baffle plate is installed on the upper part of the support plate, and the space between the baffle plate and the upper cover plate is filled with blocking material.

[0007] Furthermore, the height of the blocking material is 3m to 5m.

[0008] Furthermore, the support tube is a PVC tube, and the length of the support tube is 40 cm to 100 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the support tube is the same as the inner diameter of the second limiting ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the support plate is provided with 3 to 5 support tubes, and the support tubes are distributed on the support plate in a ring array.

[0011] Furthermore, a third limiting ring is provided in the middle of the support tube, an annular plate is sleeved on the support tube, and the support tubes are connected to each other through the annular plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner hole of the first limiting ring is provided with a taper, the clamp has two pieces, the two pieces of the clamp are spliced ​​together to form a hollow cone, the inner sides of the clamps clamp the first cable together, and the outer sides of the clamps are tightly attached to the inner hole wall of the first limiting ring.

[0013] Furthermore, a rubber plate is provided on the outer periphery of the support plate, the inner wall of the rubber plate is bonded to the support plate, and the outer diameter of the rubber plate is 3 cm to 5 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the blasthole.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the support tube and the support plate can be connected into a cage-like structure, which is convenient for the installation of explosives and keeps the explosives in the middle of the blast hole, thereby realizing uncoupled charging and reducing the powder ore rate during blasting; the support tube and the support plate are connected to each other by providing tension through the first cable, thereby preventing the cage-like structure from falling apart when placed in the blast hole; and the support tube, the support plate and the first cable can be assembled and spliced ​​at the blasting site, thereby reducing the difficulty of transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second end of the first cable of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first end of the first cable of the present invention;

[0018] In the figure: 1-support tube, 2-support plate, 3-first cable, 4-first limiting ring, 5-clamp, 6-second limiting ring, 7-limiting block, 8-explosive, 9-blast hole, 10-baffle, 11-upper cover plate, 12-second cable, 13-blocking material, 14-third limiting ring, 15-annular plate, 16-rubber plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for reducing the powder ore rate in mine blasting, comprising: a support tube 1, a support plate 2, a first cable 3, a first limiting ring 4, a clamp 5, and explosives 8. The support plates 2 have multiple pieces, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the support plates 2 are provided with second limiting rings 6. The support plates 2 are interconnected through the support tube 1, and the end of the support tube 1 is inserted in the second limiting ring 6; a limiting block 7 is provided at the first end of the first cable 3, and the second end of the first cable 3 passes through the support plate 2 and the support tube 1, and the second end of the first cable 3 is connected to the first limiting ring 4 through the clamp 5, and the first limiting ring 4 is tightly attached to one side of the support plate 2; the explosives 8 are installed in a cage-like structure surrounded by the support plate 2 and the support tube 1, and the cage-like structure is installed in the blast hole 9.

[0023] The support tube 1 is cut into equal lengths on processing equipment in advance, and then transported to the blasting site together with the support plate 2 and the first cable 3. After arriving at the site, the support tube 1, the support plate 2, and the annular plate 15 are assembled, and then the first cable 3 is passed through the support plate 2 and the support tube 1, and the explosive 8 is installed in the cage structure surrounded by the support plate 2 and the support tube 1. After the first limiting ring 4 is installed on the first cable 3, a special hydraulic device is used to pull the end of the first cable 3 to make the first cable 3 tight, and then the clamp 5 is inserted between the first limiting ring 4 and the first cable 3, and then the special The end of the first cable 3 is released by hydraulic equipment. At this time, under the elastic force of the first cable 3, the first cable 3 contracts, so that the first cable 3 is clamped by the inner side of the clamp 5, thereby driving the clamp 5 to have a tendency to move, and the outer side of the clamp 5 is driven by the conical inner wall of the first limiting ring 4, so that the clamp 5 obtains the force of clamping the first cable 3, so that the clamp 5 and the first limiting ring 4 are fixed on the first cable 3, and through the support of the support tube 1 and the support plate 2, the first cable 3 in the support tube 1 is kept in a taut state, thereby pulling the entire cage structure to prevent the cage structure from falling apart. After the production is completed, the cage structure is placed in the blast hole 9. Since the rubber plate 16 is provided on the outer side of the support plate 2, the entire cage structure can be kept in the middle of the blast hole 9, realizing uncoupled charging, and leaving a certain gap between the explosive 8 and the wall of the blast hole 9, which can reduce the peak pressure in the initial stage of blasting and avoid excessive crushing of the ore.

[0024] The support tube 1, the support plate 2, and the first cable 3 are easy to transport and reduce the difficulty of transportation. The length of the cage-like structure can be adjusted according to the number of layers of the support tube 1 and the support plate 2 to meet the charging requirements of blast holes 9 of different depths. The second limit ring 6 can fix the end of the support tube 1 to prevent the support tube 1 from shifting and causing the cage-like structure to collapse.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a baffle 10 and an upper cover plate 11. The upper cover plate 11 covers the upper opening of the blast hole 9. The support plate 2 is connected to the upper cover plate 11 through a second cable 12. The baffle 10 is installed on the upper part of the support plate 2. The baffle 10 and the upper cover plate 11 are filled with a blocking material 13. The uppermost support plate 2 is pulled by the second cable 12, so that the cage-like structure can be slowly placed into the blast hole 9.

[0026] Preferably, the height of the blocking material 13 is 3m to 5m. During blasting, the blocking material 13 can block the upper part, so that the high-pressure gas generated by the blasting can act on the side wall of the blasthole 9, thereby blasting the rock layer and facilitating subsequent mining.

[0027] Specifically, the support tube 1 is a PVC tube, which has a low procurement cost and is convenient for reducing the cost of blasting. The length of the support tube 1 is 40 cm to 100 cm, which meets the installation requirements of explosives 8 of different lengths and avoids the support tube 1 being too long, which causes the support tube 1 to bend and deform when the first cable 3 is tightened.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the support tube 1 is the same as the inner diameter of the second limiting ring 6. The second limiting ring 6 can fix the end of the support tube 1 to prevent the support tube 1 from shifting and causing the cage structure to collapse, thereby improving the stability of the cage structure.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the support plate 2 is provided with 3 to 5 support tubes 1, which are distributed on the support plate 2 in a circular array. The support tubes 1 and the support plate 2 are kept vertical by the mutual support of the multiple support tubes 1, and each support tube 1 is provided with a first cable 3, so that after the first cable 3 is tightened, the cage-like structure formed by the support plate 2 and the support tubes 1 can be balanced in force.

[0030] Preferably, a third limiting ring 14 is provided in the middle of the support tube 1, and an annular plate 15 is mounted on the support tube 1. The support tubes 1 are connected to each other through the annular plate 15. The annular plate 15 can fix the middle of the support tube 1 to prevent the support tube 1 from bending and deforming after being subjected to the force of the first cable 3. At the same time, the annular plate 15 can slide on the support tube 1 to facilitate the removal of the explosive 8 from the cage structure.

[0031] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, the inner hole of the first limiting ring 4 is provided with a taper, and the clamp 5 has two pieces. The two clamps 5 are spliced ​​together to form a hollow cone. The inner sides of the clamps 5 clamp the first cable 3 mutually, and the outer sides of the clamps 5 are tightly attached to the inner hole wall of the first limiting ring 4. The middle part of the clamp 5 is connected to the first cable 3 through friction. Under the tension of the first cable 3, the clamp 5 will be driven to have a movement tendency, so that the clamp 5 is more tightly attached to the inner hole of the first limiting ring 4. Since the inner hole of the first limiting ring 4 has a taper, it will provide a force to make the clamp 5 clamp the first cable 3 more tightly, thereby realizing self-locking.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a rubber plate 16 is provided on the periphery of the support plate 2, and the inner wall of the rubber plate 16 is bonded to the support plate 2. The outer diameter of the rubber plate 16 is 3 cm to 5 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole 9. The rubber plate 16 can be deformed to facilitate the placement of the cage-like structure, and the rubber plate 16 can play a certain supporting role to prevent the support plate 2 from being too close to the blast hole 9, keep the explosive 8 in the middle position of the blast hole 9, and realize uncoupled charging.

[0033] Of course, the present invention may have many other implementations. Based on this implementation, other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without any creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting, characterized in that: include: A support tube (1), a support plate (2), a first cable (3), a first limiting ring (4), a clamp (5), and explosives (8); the support plates (2) are provided with a plurality of pieces, the upper and lower end surfaces of the support plates (2) are provided with second limiting rings (6), the support plates (2) are connected to each other via the support tube (1), and the end of the support tube (1) is inserted into the second limiting ring (6); a limiting block (7) is provided at the first end of the first cable (3), the second end of the first cable (3) passes through the support plate (2) and the support tube (1), and the second end of the first cable (3) is connected to the first limiting ring (4) via the clamp (5), and the first limiting ring (4) is tightly attached to one side of the support plate (2); the explosives (8) are installed in a cage-like structure surrounded by the support plate (2) and the support tube (1), and the cage-like structure is installed in a blast hole (9).

2. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a baffle (10) and an upper cover plate (11), wherein the upper cover plate (11) covers the upper opening of the blast hole (9), the support plate (2) is connected to the upper cover plate (11) via a second cable (12), the baffle plate (10) is installed on the upper part of the support plate (2), and a plugging material (13) is filled between the baffle plate (10) and the upper cover plate (11).

3. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The height of the plugging material (13) is 3m to 5m.

4. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support tube (1) is a PVC tube, and the length of the support tube (1) is 40 cm to 100 cm.

5. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer diameter of the support tube (1) is the same as the inner diameter of the second limiting ring (6).

6. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support plate (2) is provided with 3 to 5 support tubes (1), and the support tubes (1) are distributed on the support plate (2) in a ring array.

7. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third limiting ring (14) is provided in the middle of the support tube (1), an annular plate (15) is sleeved on the support tube (1), and the support tubes (1) are connected to each other via the annular plate (15).

8. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner hole of the first limiting ring (4) is provided with a taper, the clamping piece (5) has two pieces, the two pieces of the clamping piece (5) are spliced ​​together to form a hollow cone, the inner sides of the clamping pieces (5) clamp the first cable (3) together, and the outer sides of the clamping pieces (5) are tightly attached to the inner hole wall of the first limiting ring (4).

9. The device for reducing the rate of powdered ore in mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber plate (16) is provided on the outer periphery of the support plate (2), the inner wall of the rubber plate (16) is bonded to the support plate (2), and the outer diameter of the rubber plate (16) is 3 cm to 5 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole (9).

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