Rock-soil exploration self-adaptive drilling device based on modular design

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock-soil exploration self-adaptive drilling device based on modular design, and relates to the technical field of drilling, the rock-soil exploration self-adaptive drilling device comprises a drill bit, a plurality of rotating shafts are rotationally connected to the drill bit, cones are arranged on the rotating shafts, the rock-soil exploration self-adaptive drilling device further comprises a displacement assembly, the displacement assembly comprises guide grooves formed in the cones, the rotating shafts are in sliding connection with the guide grooves, and the displacement assembly is arranged in the guide grooves. The displacement assembly is arranged on the rotating shaft and used for driving the cone to deviate, the crushing assembly is arranged on the rotating shaft in a sliding mode and used for crushing obstacles, the crushing assembly comprises a push rod connected with the rotating shaft in a sliding mode, an ejector rod is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the power assembly is arranged between the displacement assembly and the crushing assembly. The power assembly is used for driving the crushing assembly to slide back and forth, the power assembly comprises a power wheel rotationally connected with the rotating shaft, and when the power wheel rotates, the power wheel drives the push rod to move back and forth through the ejector rod; when the drill bit is clamped, rock soil can be crushed in a self-adaptive mode, and meanwhile abrasion of the drill bit is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling technology, in particular to a rock and soil exploration adaptive drilling device based on modular design. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of infrastructure construction, geotechnical engineering exploration has become a core link in ensuring engineering safety. Drilling is a very important exploration method. By drilling into the soil layer, the lithological characteristics, spatial distribution and changes of underground rock and soil can be revealed and understood. It involves fields such as geological structure analysis, underground resource assessment and geological disaster prevention. Especially under complex geological conditions (such as plateau mountains, loess layers, and karst landforms), the accuracy and efficiency of drilling equipment directly affect engineering costs and safety.

[0003] In the prior art, rotary drilling rigs are generally used for rock and soil exploration. However, during the exploration drilling process, when the drill bit drives the cone to crush and drill the rock and soil, the cone encounters hard rock and soil and cannot crush it. At the same time, the cone will be stuck on the hard rock and soil. At this time, continuing to apply drilling pressure will easily lead to increased wear of the cone and even breakage, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the drill bit. At the same time, it is also impossible to impact and crush the hard rock during the drilling process, further reducing the efficiency of exploration drilling.

[0004] Therefore, an adaptive drilling device for geotechnical exploration based on modular design is invented to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a geotechnical exploration adaptive drilling device based on modular design, which can effectively solve the technical problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a geotechnical exploration adaptive drilling device based on modular design, comprising a drill bit, a plurality of rotating shafts rotatably connected to the drill bit, a gear provided on each rotating shaft, and further comprising: A displacement assembly, comprising a guide groove provided in the cone, wherein the rotating shaft is slidably connected to the guide groove and is used to drive the cone to deflect; A crushing assembly is slidably disposed on the rotating shaft and is used to crush obstacles. The crushing assembly includes a push rod slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the push rod; A power assembly is arranged between the displacement assembly and the crushing assembly, and is used to drive the crushing assembly to slide back and forth. The power assembly includes a power wheel rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. When the power wheel rotates, the power wheel drives the push rod to reciprocate through the push rod.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes a clearance groove opened on the rotating shaft, the push rod is located in the clearance groove, the end of the push rod away from the drill bit is fixedly connected to the crushing block, the end of the push rod close to the drill bit is connected to the rotating shaft through a first elastic member, and the crushing block can block the guide groove.

[0008] Preferably, the power assembly includes a support frame fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the support frame, the rotating rod is coaxially rotatably connected to the power wheel, and a plurality of push blocks are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the power wheel. When the outer end of the push block contacts the push rod, the push rod is in a power storage state.

[0009] Preferably, a rotating groove located inside the power wheel is opened on the circumferential side of the rotating rod, a rotating block is rotatably connected in the rotating groove, the rotating block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the power wheel, and a stop block is fixedly connected in the rotating groove for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating block.

[0010] Preferably, a guide cylinder is slidably connected to the rotating rod, a free end of the guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the guide groove, an air passage communicating with the guide cylinder is opened on the rotating rod, and the air passage is communicated with the rotating groove through an air hole.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the support frame away from the rotating shaft is connected to the side wall of the guide groove through a second elastic member.

[0012] Preferably, two sealing rings are fixedly connected to the rotating rod, the rotating groove is located between the two sealing rings, and the sealing ring is in contact with the power wheel.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of equally spaced crushing teeth are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the cone.

[0014] Preferably, the drill bit is provided with a plurality of water outlet channels, and each of the water outlet channels is located between two adjacent cones.

[0015] Preferably, a drill rod is threadedly connected to the drill bit, a mast mechanism is slidably connected to the drill rod, a drilling rig body is fixedly connected to the mast mechanism, the mast mechanism includes a connecting frame, a connecting seat is slidably connected to the connecting frame, a drive motor is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and the output end of the drive motor is threadedly connected to the drill rod.

[0016] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: 1. The present invention provides a cutter, a guide groove, a rotating shaft, and a second elastic member. When the rock and soil resistance experienced by the cutter is less than the elastic force of the second elastic member, the cutter rotates along the drill bit through the guide groove and the rotating shaft. When the cutter is stuck in the rock and soil, the resistance experienced by the cutter is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member. The cutter slides along the rotating shaft toward the drill bit through the guide groove, so that the cutter drives the crushing teeth out of contact with the rock and soil, thereby avoiding the problem of increased wear and breakage of the cutter and crushing teeth. At the same time, the resistance of the contact between the cutter and the rock and soil can be adaptively adjusted, thereby avoiding the problem of accelerated wear and breakage of the crushing teeth due to forced crushing of the rock and soil, thereby improving the efficiency of exploration drilling.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a guide cylinder, a rotating rod, a rotating groove, a rotating block, a power wheel, a push block and a push rod. When the cone slides along the rotating shaft, the gas in the guide cylinder is squeezed into the rotating groove as power, thereby driving the power wheel to drive the push block to rotate. Under the cooperation of the push block, the power wheel and the push rod, the push rod drives the push rod to alternately store and release power, so that the push rod drives the crushing block to alternately impact and crush the rock and soil. The crushing block stops working until the cone returns to its initial state. This not only avoids the problem of rapid wear and breakage of the cone and crushing teeth when they are stuck, but also can adaptively impact and crush hard rock and soil during the drilling process, further improving the efficiency of exploration drilling and at the same time increasing the service life of the cone and crushing teeth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the drill bit structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drill bit of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power component and the crushing component in the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the crushing assembly in the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the power assembly in the present invention; In the figure: 1. Drilling rig body; 2. Mast mechanism; 201. Connecting frame; 202. Connecting seat; 203. Drive motor; 3. Drill rod; 4. Drill bit; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Gear; Displacement assembly; 701, guide groove; 702, second elastic member; Crushing assembly; 801, push rod; 802, push rod; 803, clearance groove; 804, crushing block; 805, first elastic member; Power assembly; 901, power wheel; 902, support frame; 903, rotating rod; 904, push block; 905, rotating groove; 906, rotating block; 907, stopper; 908, guide cylinder; 909, air channel; 910, air hole; 911, sealing ring; 10. Crushing teeth; 11. Water outlet channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive drilling device for geotechnical exploration based on a modular design, including a drill bit 4, a drill rod 3 being threadedly connected to the drill bit 4, a mast mechanism 2 being slidably connected to the drill rod 3, a drilling rig body 1 being fixedly connected to the mast mechanism 2, and the mast mechanism 2 including a connecting frame 201, a connecting seat 202 being slidably connected to the connecting frame 201, a drive motor 203 being fixedly connected to the connecting seat 202, and an output end of the drive motor 203 being threadedly connected to the drill rod 3.

[0021] The drill bit 4 is rotatably connected to a plurality of rotating shafts 5, on which a gear wheel 6 is provided, and a plurality of equally spaced crushing teeth 10 are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the gear wheel 6. The drill bit 4 is provided with a plurality of water outlet channels 11, and each water outlet channel 11 is located between two adjacent gear wheels 6.

[0022] In actual use, first move the drilling rig body 1 and the mast mechanism 2 to the exploration position. The drilling rig body 1 and the mast mechanism 2 are both existing technologies, and the specific connection method and structure are not repeated here. The connecting frame 201 is changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and at the same time, one end of the drill rod 3 is threadedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 203, and the other end of the drill rod 3 is threadedly connected to the drill bit 4. Then, the drive motor 203 is started to drive the drill bit 4 to rotate through the drill rod 3, and the connecting seat 202 drives the drive motor 203 to slide down along the connecting frame 201. The electrical control system for the rotation of the drive motor 203 and the descending speed of the connecting seat 202 is a prior art, and the control method is not repeated here. At this time, the drill bit 4 contacts the ground and rotates, and the drill rod 3 drives the drill bit 4 to descend and applies drilling pressure to the ground, and drilling is performed under the action of the crushing teeth 10. At the same time, during the rotation of the drill bit 4, the cone 6 is subjected to the resistance of the rock and soil and drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate along the drill bit 4, so that under the action of multiple cones 6 and crushing teeth 10, the rock and soil can be better crushed, further improving the efficiency of exploration drilling. Example 2

[0023] During use, it was found that when the drill bit 4 drives the gear wheel 6 to crush and drill the rock and soil, when the gear wheel 6 encounters hard rock and soil and cannot crush it, the gear wheel 6 will be stuck on the hard rock and soil, and the drill bit 4 continues to rotate, which will easily lead to increased wear of the gear wheel 6 and even breakage, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the drill bit 4 and a reduction in the efficiency of exploration drilling. Therefore, further improvements are made based on the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the displacement assembly 7 includes a guide groove 701 provided in the gear 6, the rotating shaft 5 is slidably connected to the guide groove 701, and is used to drive the gear 6 to deflect. The power assembly 9 is arranged between the displacement assembly 7 and the crushing assembly 8, and is used to drive the crushing assembly 8 to slide back and forth. The power assembly 9 includes a support frame 902 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 5, and the end of the support frame 902 away from the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the side wall of the guide groove 701 through the second elastic member 702.

[0025] In actual use, when the drill bit 4 drives the cone 6 to break and drill the rock and soil through the crushing teeth 10, the cone 6 is stuck in the hard rock and soil and cannot be broken. At this time, the drill bit 4 continues to rotate, and the stuck cone 6 cannot rotate due to resistance. At this time, the cone 6 is subjected to an oblique upward force, which is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 702, prompting the cone 6 to slide along the guide groove 701 toward the ground. The second elastic member 702 is compressed, causing the cone 6 to drive the crushing teeth 10 to move and break away from the contact with the hard rock and soil. During the continuous rotation of the drill bit 4, the wear and breakage of the cone 6 and the crushing teeth 10 are reduced. When the hard rock and soil are broken, the resistance encountered by the cone 6 is less than the elastic force of the second elastic member 702. Under the action of the second elastic member 702 and the weight of the cone 6 itself, the cone 6 slides to the initial position along the rotating shaft 5 through the guide groove 701 toward the direction away from the ground. At the same time, multiple cones 6 drive the crushing teeth 10 to drill holes better.

[0026] To sum up, through the provision of the gear wheel 6, guide groove 701, rotating shaft 5 and second elastic member 702, when the resistance of the rock and soil to the gear wheel 6 is less than the elastic force of the second elastic member 702, the gear wheel 6 rotates along the drill bit 4 through the guide groove 701 and the rotating shaft 5. When the gear wheel 6 is stuck in the rock and soil, the resistance encountered by the gear wheel 6 is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 702, and the gear wheel 6 slides along the rotating shaft 5 toward the drill bit 4 through the guide groove 701, so that the gear wheel 6 drives the crushing teeth 10 to break away from the contact with the rock and soil, avoiding the problem of increased wear and fracture of the gear wheel 6 and the crushing teeth 10, and at the same time, the resistance of the contact between the gear wheel 6 and the rock and soil can be adaptively adjusted, avoiding the problem of forcibly crushing the rock and soil and accelerating the wear and fracture of the crushing teeth 10, and at the same time improving the exploration drilling efficiency. Example 3

[0027] During use, it was also found that when the cone 6 encountered hard rock and soil and was stuck, although the cone 6 could slide toward the drill bit 4 under the resistance of the rock and soil to avoid wear and breakage of the cone 6, the rock and soil were still not broken. The next cone 6 would still be stuck after it rotated. At this time, there was no structure to crush the rock and soil, which easily affected the efficiency of exploration drilling and caused continuous wear of the cone 6, reducing its service life. Therefore, further improvements were made based on the above embodiment.

[0028] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the crushing assembly 8 is slidably arranged on the rotating shaft 5 and is used to crush obstacles; the crushing assembly 8 includes a push rod 801 which is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 5 and one end of which extends out of the rotating shaft 5, and a push rod 802 is fixedly connected to the push rod 801. The crushing assembly 8 includes a clearance groove 803 provided on the rotating shaft 5, and the push rod 802 is located in the clearance groove 803. The end of the push rod 801 away from the drill bit 4 is fixedly connected to the crushing block 804, and the end of the push rod 801 close to the drill bit 4 is connected to the rotating shaft 5 through a first elastic member 805. The crushing block 804 can block the guide groove 701.

[0029] The power assembly 9 includes a power wheel 901 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 5. When the power wheel 901 rotates, the power wheel 901 drives the push rod 801 to reciprocate through the push rod 802. The power assembly 9 includes a support frame 902 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 5. A rotating rod 903 is fixedly connected to the support frame 902. The rotating rod 903 is coaxially rotatably connected to the power wheel 901. A plurality of push blocks 904 are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the power wheel 901. When the outer end of the push block 904 contacts the push rod 802, the push rod 801 is in a power storage state.

[0030] A rotating groove 905 located inside the power wheel 901 is provided on the circumferential side of the rotating rod 903, and a rotating block 906 is rotatably connected in the rotating groove 905. The rotating block 906 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the power wheel 901, and a stopper 907 is fixedly connected in the rotating groove 905 for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating block 906. A guide cylinder 908 is slidably connected to the rotating rod 903, and the free end of the guide cylinder 908 is fixedly connected to the guide groove 701. An air channel 909 connected to the guide cylinder 908 is provided on the rotating rod 903, and the air channel 909 is connected to the rotating groove 905 through an air hole 910. Two sealing rings 911 are fixedly connected to the rotating rod 903, and the rotating groove 905 is located between the two sealing rings 911, and the sealing ring 911 is in contact with the power wheel 901.

[0031] In actual use, when the resistance experienced by the cone 6 is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 702, the cone 6 slides along the rotating shaft 5 toward the drill bit 4 through the guide groove 701. At this time, the cone 6 drives the guide cylinder 908 to slide along the rotating rod 903. Under the action of the rotating rod 903, the gas in the guide cylinder 908 is squeezed into the rotating groove 905 through the air channel 909 and the air hole 910, and the connection between the air hole 910 and the rotating groove 905 is located at the minimum distance between the stop block 907 and the rotating block 906. At the position, when the air pressure between the stop block 907 and the rotating block 906 increases, under the action of the gas pressure, the gas pressure drives the rotating block 906 to rotate along the rotating groove 905. A sealing ring 911 is provided between the power wheel 901 and the rotating rod 903, which can enable the gas to flow stably in the rotating groove 905 to provide power. The rotating block 906 drives the power wheel 901 to rotate along the rotating rod 903, and the power wheel 901 drives the push block 904 to rotate, and the push block 904 is an arc-shaped and convex shape.

[0032] When the push rod 802 slides from the circumferential side of the power wheel 901 to the raised end of the push block 904, the push rod 802 slides along the clearance groove 803, and the push rod 802 drives the push rod 801 to slide along the rotating shaft 5 toward the drill bit 4. The first elastic member 805 is compressed. At this time, the force storage action of the push rod 801 is completed, and the push rod 801 drives the crushing block 804 to block the opening of the guide groove 701, while preventing rock and soil debris from entering the guide groove 701. When the push rod 802 slides from the raised end of the push block 904 to the circumferential side of the power wheel 901, the push block 904 no longer squeezes the push rod 802. Under the action of the first elastic member 805, the first elastic member 805 drives the push rod 80 1 slides rapidly along the rotating shaft 5, and the push rod 802 contacts the circumferential side of the power wheel 901 again. The push rod 801 drives the crushing block 804 to quickly impact and crush the rock and soil. The crushing block 804 is made of diamond material and is conical, which can improve the efficiency and effect of the crushing block 804 in crushing the rock and soil. During the continuous rotation of the power wheel 901, the push rod 801 can be quickly charged and released, so that the crushing block 804 repeatedly impacts and crushes the rock and soil, thereby reducing the wear of the cone 6 and the crushing teeth 10, and further improving the efficiency of exploration drilling. When the cone 6 is no longer subjected to an elastic force greater than that of the second elastic member 702, the above action can be repeated in the reverse direction. During the reset process, the rock and soil can still be repeatedly impacted and crushed.

[0033] In summary, through the provision of the guide cylinder 908, rotating rod 903, rotating groove 905, rotating block 906, power wheel 901, push block 904 and push rod 802, when the gear 6 slides along the rotating shaft 5, the gas in the guide cylinder 908 is squeezed into the rotating groove 905 as power, thereby driving the power wheel 901 to drive the push block 904 to rotate, and under the cooperation of the push block 904, power wheel 901 and push rod 802, the push rod 802 drives the push rod 801 to alternately store and release power, so that the push rod 801 drives the crushing block 804 to alternately impact and crush the rock and soil, and until the gear 6 returns to the initial state, the crushing block 804 no longer works, which not only avoids the problem of rapid wear and breakage of the gear 6 and the crushing tooth 10 when they are stuck, but also can adaptively impact and crush hard rock and soil during the drilling process, further improving the efficiency of exploration drilling, and at the same time increasing the service life of the gear 6 and the crushing tooth 10.

[0034] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A geotechnical exploration adaptive drilling device based on modular design, including a drill bit, characterized in that: The drill bit is rotatably connected to a plurality of rotating shafts, each of which is provided with a cone, and further comprises: A displacement assembly, comprising a guide groove provided in the cone, wherein the rotating shaft is slidably connected to the guide groove and is used to drive the cone to deflect; A crushing assembly is slidably disposed on the rotating shaft and is used to crush obstacles. The crushing assembly includes a push rod slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the push rod; A power assembly is arranged between the displacement assembly and the crushing assembly, and is used to drive the crushing assembly to slide back and forth. The power assembly includes a power wheel rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. When the power wheel rotates, the power wheel drives the push rod to reciprocate through the push rod.

2. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a clearance groove provided on the rotating shaft, the push rod is located in the clearance groove, the end of the push rod away from the drill bit is fixedly connected to the crushing block, the end of the push rod close to the drill bit is connected to the rotating shaft through a first elastic member, and the crushing block can block the guide groove.

3. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly includes a support frame fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the support frame, the rotating rod is coaxially connected to the power wheel, and a plurality of push blocks are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the power wheel. When the outer end of the push block contacts the push rod, the push rod is in a power storage state.

4. The drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating groove located in the power wheel is opened on the circumferential side of the rotating rod, and a rotating block is rotatably connected in the rotating groove. The rotating block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the power wheel. A stop block is fixedly connected in the rotating groove for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating block.

5. The drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating rod is slidably connected with a guide cylinder, the free end of the guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the guide groove, the rotating rod is provided with an air passage connected with the guide cylinder, and the air passage is connected with the rotating groove through an air hole.

6. The drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the support frame away from the rotating shaft is connected to the side wall of the guide groove through a second elastic member.

7. The drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two sealing rings are fixedly connected to the rotating rod, the rotating groove is located between the two sealing rings, and the sealing ring is in contact with the power wheel.

8. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of equally spaced crushing teeth are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the cone.

9. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit is provided with a plurality of water outlet channels, and each of the water outlet channels is located between two adjacent cones.

10. The drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit is threadedly connected to a drill rod, a mast mechanism is slidably connected to the drill rod, a drilling rig body is fixedly connected to the mast mechanism, the mast mechanism includes a connecting frame, a connecting seat is slidably connected to the connecting frame, a drive motor is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and an output end of the drive motor is threadedly connected to the drill rod.

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