Optical fiber vacuum coating process

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical fiber vacuum coating process, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber coating, and the optical fiber vacuum coating process comprises the following steps: S1, optical fiber surface pretreatment, S2, coating, S3, post-treatment, and S4, welding treatment. Comprising an optical fiber preprocessing cylinder, a preprocessing unit, an optical fiber coarsening assembly and an activating processing unit are integrated in the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder, and 360-degree uniform processing of the surface of an optical fiber is achieved by driving the cylinder to rotate through a driving motor; the modularized coarsening assembly adopts a replaceable coarsening piece, and is matched with a T-shaped driving screw rod to adjust the contact pressure so as to adapt to synchronous processing of a plurality of optical fibers with different sizes; the adjustable driving rollers adjust the distance through worm gear-worm transmission, so that stable conveying of the optical fibers is ensured; and the final treatment unit realizes surface residue-free drying through a nano cleaning block and a hot air box. According to the invention, mechanical coarsening and chemical activation synergistically enhance the coating adhesive force, and multi-stage cleaning and modular design are combined, so that the process efficiency, the surface quality and the equipment adaptability are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for high-precision optical fiber coating production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber coating, in particular to an optical fiber vacuum coating process. Background Art

[0002] Fiber coating technology is a key process for improving the optical performance of optical fibers and is widely used in fields such as communications, sensing, and laser devices. Traditional coating processes typically use chemical plating or vacuum coating methods to deposit optical thin films such as reflective films and anti-reflection films on the surface of optical fibers to achieve specific functions. However, existing technologies have the following limitations:

[0003] 1. Insufficient pretreatment: Conventional cleaning and roughening processes often rely on manual or single processing units, making it difficult to achieve uniform cleanliness and roughness on the optical fiber surface, resulting in poor coating adhesion and easy detachment;

[0004] 2. Poor equipment adaptability: Existing devices are difficult to flexibly adjust to accommodate optical fibers of different diameters or batch processing requirements, resulting in low process efficiency and limited applicability.

[0005] 3. Low degree of automation: The process relies on segmented operation of multiple devices, lacks integrated design, requires frequent manual intervention, and has high production costs;

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides an optical fiber vacuum coating process to solve one or more of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (1) Technical problems solved

[0008] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an optical fiber vacuum coating process to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] (2) Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions, including the following steps:

[0011] S1 fiber surface pretreatment: the fiber is transported to the fiber pretreatment cylinder to clean, roughen, sensitize and activate the fiber surface, thereby enhancing the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process;

[0012] S2: Optical fiber coating, using chemical plating or vacuum coating technology to coat the optical fiber surface with reflective film, anti-reflection film or semi-reflective and semi-transparent film;

[0013] S3: Post-treatment, which removes residual chemicals from the coating process through cleaning and drying to ensure the cleanliness and stability of the optical fiber surface;

[0014] S4: Fusion splicing: For optical fibers with coated ends, the coated optical fibers are fused with the optical fibers to be used to ensure the continuity of optical performance.

[0015] Preferably, on the basis of S1, the dirt and impurities on the surface of the optical fiber are removed by a pretreatment unit to ensure the cleanliness of the optical fiber coating substrate, the roughness of the optical fiber surface is increased by a fiber roughening component to improve the adhesion of metal or optical film, and the optical fiber surface is made reactive by an activation processing unit to enhance the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process.

[0016] Preferably, the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket, and the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder is sequentially installed with a preprocessing unit, an optical fiber roughening component and an activation processing unit along the optical fiber processing sequence. The mounting bracket is fixed on the top of the support base, and two groups of L-shaped brackets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder, and the horizontal section of each group of L-shaped brackets is movably extended into a guide groove opened in the support base.

[0017] Preferably, two groups of drive rollers are installed on the vertical section of each group of L-shaped brackets, and each group of drive rollers is rotatably connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket through the same drive shaft, and several groups of optical fiber guide grooves are provided on the outer wall of the drive roller. A bidirectional threaded rod is installed in the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket, and the two groups of drive guides are movably sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod, and the drive guides are connected to the bidirectional threaded rod through threads, the top of the bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably connected to the top of the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket, and a worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the bidirectional threaded rod.

[0018] Preferably, both ends of the driving rod are movable through the vertical sections of the two groups of L-shaped brackets, and a handle wheel is installed at one end of the driving rod. The outer wall of the driving rod located in the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket is fixedly sleeved with the same worm, and the worm is engaged with the worm wheel.

[0019] Preferably, a driving gear 1 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder, the driving motor is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket, and a driving gear 2 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving gear 2 is engaged with the driving gear 1. Several groups of T driving screws are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder, and each group of T driving screws is movably extended into the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder, and the T driving screws are connected to the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder through threads.

[0020] Preferably, the optical fiber roughening assembly is composed of two groups of U-shaped mounting brackets and roughening parts symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower parts, and each group of roughening parts is slidably arranged in one of the U-shaped mounting brackets, and each group of U-shaped mounting brackets and the roughening parts are connected by a locking unit. A guide groove is provided in the U-shaped mounting bracket, and one end of the T-driven screw extends into the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder and is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped mounting bracket. The outer wall of the roughening part is fixedly provided on a limit rod matching the guide groove, and the two groups of roughening parts are provided with the same roughening groove on the side close to each other, and the outer wall of the roughening groove is a frosted surface.

[0021] Preferably, the locking unit includes: an L-shaped fixing plate, the L-shaped fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the U-shaped mounting bracket, the clip is slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate, the T-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing plate, and the clip is slidably connected to the T-shaped connecting rod, the return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped connecting rod, and one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the end of the T-shaped connecting rod, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the clip, and the outer wall of the roughening part is provided with a card groove that matches the clip.

[0022] Preferably, the pretreatment unit has the same structure as the activation treatment unit, and the pretreatment unit includes: a ring-shaped part, a supporting liquid tank is symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the ring-shaped part, and the ring-shaped part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder through the supporting liquid tank, a plurality of groups of nozzles are provided on the inner ring wall of the ring-shaped part, a connecting pipe is provided outside the supporting liquid tank, and the connecting pipe extends out of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder, a liquid pump is installed in the supporting liquid tank, a hot air box is fixedly provided on the top of the inner wall of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder close to the activation treatment unit, and a hot air pipe is provided on the top of the hot air box.

[0023] Preferably, a final processing unit is installed on the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket on one side, and the final processing unit includes: an electric push rod, a fixed end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket, an output end of the electric push rod is fixedly provided with a fixed box, a fixed rod is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed box, and a lower pressure plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod, a driving motor is installed in the fixed box on one side, the bottom of the threaded rod movably extends into the fixed box and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, a guide rod is fixedly provided on the top of the fixed box on the other side, an upper pressure plate is movably sleeved on the threaded rod and the outer wall of the guide rod, and the upper pressure plate and the threaded rod are connected by threads, and the same nano-cleaning blocks are installed on the side where the upper and lower pressure plates are close to each other.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention significantly improves process efficiency through efficient, fully automated processing. The continuous process of pretreatment, coating, post-treatment, and splicing is combined with the synchronous rotation of the fiber pretreatment cylinder. The 360-degree coverage design of the nozzle and roughening tank ensures uniform cleaning, roughening, and activation of the optical fiber surface. The synergistic effect of the drive motor, pay-off, and take-up units enables automated, continuous production. Regarding coating adhesion and optical performance enhancement, the dual mechanical roughening of the roughening tank's frosted surface and chemical activation in the activation treatment unit significantly improve the adhesion of metal or optical films, providing a stable optical performance foundation for subsequent splicing. Furthermore, the device's multi-size and multi-fiber adaptability design uses a worm gear drive to adjust the drive roller spacing, and the modular roughening assembly supports single or multiple fiber diameters for parallel processing, significantly expanding the process's applicability. Cleanliness and surface quality are ensured through a multi-stage cleaning and drying mechanism, including cleaning fluid spraying in the pretreatment unit, reciprocating wiping with a nano-cleaning block in the final treatment unit, and rapid drying in a hot air chamber. This, combined with independent liquid tanks and solenoid valve control, effectively prevents cross-contamination. In terms of ease of operation, the locking unit's clips and return springs work together to enable quick disassembly and assembly of the roughening parts. The T-drive screw accurately adjusts the roughening contact pressure. Combined with the external liquid tank supplement and modular design, maintenance efficiency is greatly improved, ensuring process stability and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic side view of the structure of the driving roller in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the optical fiber roughening component in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pretreatment unit and activation treatment unit in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the final processing unit in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Support base; 2. Guide groove; 3. L-shaped bracket; 4. Drive roller; 5. Optical fiber; 6. Bidirectional threaded rod; 7. Drive guide; 8. Pretreatment unit; 9. Drive rod; 10. Mounting bracket; 11. Optical fiber pretreatment cylinder; 12. Drive gear 1; 13. Operation port; 14. Optical fiber roughening assembly; 15. Locking unit; 16. Activation treatment unit; 17. Final treatment unit; 18. Handle wheel; 19. Worm gear; 20. Worm; 21. Optical fiber guide groove; 22. Drive shaft; 23. T-drive screw; 24. Drive motor 25. Driving gear 2; 26. U-shaped mounting bracket; 27. Guide slide; 28. Roughening part; 29. ​​Roughening groove; 30. Limit rod; 31. Slot; 32. L-shaped fixing plate; 33. Connecting part; 34. T-shaped connecting rod; 35. Return spring; 36. Support liquid tank; 37. Connecting pipe; 38. Ring part; 39. Nozzle; 40. Hot air pipe; 41. Hot air box; 42. Electric push rod; 43. Fixed box; 44. Fixed rod; 45. Threaded rod; 46. Upper pressure plate; 47. Lower pressure plate; 48. Nano cleaning block; 49. Guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish between protective components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] See also Figure 1 , a technical means provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1 fiber surface pretreatment: the fiber is transported to the fiber pretreatment cylinder 11 to clean, roughen, sensitize and activate the fiber surface, thereby enhancing the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process;

[0039] S2: Optical fiber coating, using chemical plating or vacuum coating technology to coat the optical fiber surface with reflective film, anti-reflection film or semi-reflective and semi-transparent film;

[0040] S3: Post-treatment, which removes residual chemicals from the coating process through cleaning and drying to ensure the cleanliness and stability of the optical fiber surface;

[0041] S4: Fusion splicing: For optical fibers with coated ends, the coated optical fibers are fused with the optical fibers to be used to ensure the continuity of optical performance.

[0042] Preferably, on the basis of S1, the dirt and impurities on the surface of the optical fiber are removed by the pretreatment unit 8 to ensure the cleanliness of the optical fiber coating base, the roughness of the optical fiber surface is increased by the optical fiber roughening component 14 to improve the adhesion of the metal or optical film, and the optical fiber surface is made reactive by the activation treatment unit 16 to enhance the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process.

[0043] The working principle of the above scheme is as follows: the optical fiber surface undergoes cleaning, roughening, sensitization, and activation within the pretreatment cylinder 11 (S1). Pretreatment unit 8 sprays a cleaning fluid to remove impurities, roughening component 14 increases surface roughness through frosted surface roughening grooves 29, and activation unit 16 sprays a chemical fluid to enhance reactivity. Subsequently, the optical fiber is coated with an optical thin film (S2) via chemical plating / vacuum coating technology.

[0044] During the process, the optical fiber is input by the pay-off device and enters the rotating pre-treatment cylinder 11 after the spacing is adjusted by the drive roller 4. The cylinder rotates synchronously under the drive motor 24, so that the optical fiber surface is evenly treated; the modular design of the roughening component 14 allows for parallel processing of multiple optical fibers by replacing roughening parts 28 of different sizes; the locking unit 15 ensures that the roughening parts are securely fixed; the final treatment unit 17 drives the nano-cleaning block 48 through the electric push rod 42 to further wipe the surface.

[0045] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0046] 1. Efficient processing throughout the entire process: The integrated process of pretreatment, coating, post-treatment, and fusion splicing significantly improves process efficiency. The rotating cylinder 11 cooperates with multiple units for synchronous processing to achieve 360° uniform cleaning and roughening of the optical fiber surface.

[0047] 2. Adhesion enhancement: Through the dual effects of mechanical roughening of the frosted surface of the roughening groove 29 and chemical activation of the activation treatment 16, the adhesion of the metal / optical film is greatly improved and the risk of coating shedding is reduced.

[0048] 3. Multi-size adaptability: The adjustable spacing between the drive rollers 4, the modular roughening element 28 and the locking unit 15 design support flexible processing of optical fibers with different diameters, expanding the scope of process application.

[0049] 4. Cleanliness assurance: The pre-treatment unit 8 and the nano-cleaning block 48 of the final treatment unit 17 are used in combination to ensure that there are no residual impurities on the surface of the optical fiber and avoid coating defects.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 The optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 10. The preprocessing unit 8, the optical fiber roughening component 14 and the activation processing unit 16 are installed in the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11 in sequence along the optical fiber processing order. The mounting bracket 10 is fixedly arranged on the top of the support base 1, and the two groups of L-shaped brackets 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11, and the horizontal section of each group of L-shaped brackets 3 is movably extended to the guide groove 2 opened in the support base 1.

[0052] Preferably, two groups of drive rollers 4 are installed on the vertical section of each group of L-shaped brackets 3, and each group of drive rollers 4 is rotatably connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket 3 through the same drive shaft 22. Several groups of optical fiber guide grooves 21 are provided on the outer wall of the drive roller 4. A bidirectional threaded rod 6 is installed in the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket 3. Two groups of drive guides 7 are movably sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod 6, and the drive guides 7 are connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 6 through threads. The top of the bidirectional threaded rod 6 is rotatably connected to the top of the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket 3, and a worm gear 19 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the bidirectional threaded rod 6.

[0053] Preferably, both ends of the driving rod 9 are movable through the vertical sections of the two groups of L-shaped brackets 3, and a handle wheel 18 is installed at one end of the driving rod 9. The outer wall of the driving rod 9 located in the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket 3 is fixedly sleeved with the same worm 20, and the worm 20 is engaged with the worm wheel 19.

[0054] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows: the handle wheel 18 drives the drive rod 9 to rotate, thereby causing the worm 20 to drive the worm wheel 19 to rotate. At this time, the worm wheel 19 synchronously drives the bidirectional threaded rod 6 to rotate, thereby causing the two sets of drive guide members 7 to move away from or towards each other, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sets of drive rollers 4 to facilitate the use of optical fibers 5 of different sizes. By controlling the horizontal section of the L-shaped bracket 3 to move within the guide groove 2 defined in the support base 1, the installation of the optical fiber 5 is facilitated.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] Based on any one of Examples 1-2, please refer to Figure 5-Figure 6The outer wall of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11 is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear 12, the driving motor 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket 10, and the output shaft of the driving motor 24 is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear 25, and the driving gear 25 is meshed with the driving gear 12. The outer wall of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11 is symmetrically provided with several groups of T driving screws 23, and each group of T driving screws 23 is movably extended into the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11, and the T driving screws 23 are connected to the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder 11 through threads.

[0057] Preferably, the optical fiber roughening assembly 14 is composed of two groups of U-shaped mounting brackets 26 and roughening parts 28 that are symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower parts, and each group of roughening parts 28 is slidably arranged in one group of U-shaped mounting brackets 26, and each group of U-shaped mounting brackets 26 and roughening parts 28 are connected by a locking unit 15. A guide groove 27 is provided in the U-shaped mounting bracket 26, and one end of the T-driven screw 23 extends into the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11 and is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped mounting bracket 26. The outer wall of the roughening part 28 is fixedly provided on a limit rod 30 that matches the guide groove 27. The two groups of roughening parts 28 are provided with the same roughening groove 29 on the side close to each other, and the outer wall of the roughening groove 29 is a frosted surface.

[0058] Preferably, the driving roller 4 has a built-in motor that can rotate.

[0059] Preferably, a cable unwinder and a cable take-up device are provided at the front and rear of the device to facilitate the release and take-up of the optical fiber 5 .

[0060] Preferably, the roughening member 28 is provided in several groups. When in use, the roughening member 28 having a corresponding number of roughening grooves 29 needs to be selected and installed according to the number of optical fibers 5 .

[0061] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: when processing the surface of the optical fiber 5, the optical fiber 5 is placed in Figure 1 The fiber 5 is passed between the two groups of driving rollers 4 on the middle left side, and passes through the pretreatment unit 8, the fiber roughening assembly 14 and the activation treatment unit 16 in sequence along the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11, and then passes between the two groups of driving rollers 4 on the right side and is wound on the wire take-up device. Subsequently, by selecting a roughening member 28 of appropriate size (the roughening groove 29 on the roughening member 28 needs to match the size of the optical fiber 5), the roughening member 28 is inserted into the U-shaped mounting bracket 26 and the locking unit 15 is used to fix the two to prevent the roughening member 28 from slipping. After the upper and lower groups of roughening members 28 are installed respectively, the upper and lower groups of T-drive screws 23 are rotated respectively to move the two groups of U-shaped mounting brackets 26 in a direction close to each other, so that the outer wall of the optical fiber 5 is just in contact with the roughening groove 29.

[0062] After the installation of the optical fiber 5 is completed in the above manner, the take-up device can be synchronously controlled to reel in the optical fiber 5 while the drive motor 24 drives the drive gear 2 25 to rotate, thereby driving the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11 as a whole to rotate through the drive gear 1 12. At this time, after the optical fiber 5 is cleaned by the pretreatment unit 8, it can move horizontally along the roughening groove 29 while the entire optical fiber roughening assembly 14 rotates synchronously, thereby increasing the roughness of the surface of the optical fiber 5 to improve the adhesion of the metal or optical film. It can then pass through the activation treatment unit 16 and the final treatment unit 17 for drying, and finally be reeled up by the take-up device to wait for use in the next process.

[0063] The present invention can simultaneously process one or more groups of optical fibers 5 at a time, and it is only necessary to select a roughening member 28 having a corresponding number of roughening grooves 29 .

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Based on any one of Examples 1-3, please refer to Figure 5-Figure 8 The locking unit 15 includes: an L-shaped fixing plate 32, the L-shaped fixing plate 32 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the U-shaped mounting bracket 26, a clip 33 is slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 32, a T-shaped connecting rod 34 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing plate 32, and the clip 33 is slidably connected to the T-shaped connecting rod 34, a return spring 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped connecting rod 34, and one end of the return spring 35 is fixedly connected to the end of the T-shaped connecting rod 34, and the other end of the return spring 35 is fixedly connected to the clip 33, and the outer wall of the roughening part 28 is provided with a card slot 31 that cooperates with the clip 33.

[0066] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows: before the roughening member 28 is installed in the roughening groove 29, the clamping member 33 needs to be manually moved upward (here Figure 5 and 6 The reset spring 35 is compressed, and then the roughening member 28 is installed in the roughening groove 29 so that the slot 31 and the clamping member 33 are exactly located on the same axis. Then, the clamping member 33 is released, and the clamping member 33 is automatically reset under the action of the reset spring 35 and inserted into the slot 31, thereby preventing the roughening member 28 from slipping.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] Based on any one of Examples 1-3, please refer to Figure 7The pretreatment unit 8 has the same structure as the activation treatment unit 16. The pretreatment unit 8 includes: a ring member 38, a supporting liquid tank 36 is symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the ring member 38, and the ring member 38 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11 through the supporting liquid tank 36, and a plurality of groups of nozzles 39 are provided on the inner ring wall of the ring member 38, a connecting pipe 37 is provided outside the supporting liquid tank 36, and the connecting pipe 37 extends out of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11, and a liquid pump is installed in the supporting liquid tank 36. A hot air box 41 is fixedly provided on the top of the inner wall of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11 close to the activation treatment unit 16, and a hot air pipe 40 is provided on the top of the hot air box 41.

[0069] Preferably, a solenoid valve is provided on the connecting pipe 37 .

[0070] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: the pretreatment unit 8 and the activation treatment unit 16 have the same structure, but the liquids loaded in the two groups of support liquid tanks 36 are different. Among them, the pretreatment unit 8 is filled with cleaning liquid to remove dirt and impurities on the surface of the optical fiber to ensure the cleanliness of the optical fiber coating base, and the activation treatment unit 16 is filled with chemical liquid to make the optical fiber surface reactive and enhance the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process. When the liquid in the support liquid tank 36 is used up, the connecting pipe 37 can be used to draw the required liquid into the support liquid tank 36. When in use, the liquid pump in the support liquid tank 36 is used to spray the liquid in the support liquid tank 36 through the nozzle 39 to the surface of the optical fiber 5, so that in conjunction with the rotation of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11, the surface of the optical fiber 5 can be sprayed 360°, which greatly improves the treatment effect of the outer surface of the optical fiber 5.

[0071] Among them, after the optical fiber 5 passes through the final activation processing unit 16, the hot air box 41 provided on the top of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder 11 will blow toward the optical fiber 5 through the hot air pipe 40, thereby quickly drying the optical fiber 5.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] Based on any one of Examples 1-5, please refer to Figure 8, a final processing unit 17 is installed on the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket 3 on one side, and the final processing unit 17 includes: an electric push rod 42, a fixed end of the electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket 3, a fixed box 43 is fixedly provided at the output end of the electric push rod 42, a fixed rod 44 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed box 43, and a lower pressure plate 47 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod 44, a driving motor is installed in the fixed box 43 on one side, the bottom of the threaded rod 45 movably extends into the fixed box 43 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and a guide rod 49 is fixedly provided on the top of the fixed box 43 on the other side, an upper pressure plate 46 is movably sleeved on the threaded rod 45 and the outer wall of the guide rod 49, and the upper pressure plate 46 is connected to the threaded rod 45 by a thread, and the upper pressure plate 46 and the lower pressure plate 47 are both installed with the same nano-cleaning block 48 on the side close to each other.

[0074] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: after a series of processing in the above embodiments 1-5, when the final optical fiber 5 passes through the driving roller 4 on the right and is wound into the take-up device, it needs to be processed in the last step. By controlling the driving motor in the fixed box 43 on one side to start, the upper pressure plate 46 can be driven up and down by the threaded rod 45. After adapting to optical fibers 5 of different sizes, the electric push rod 42 is started to perform reciprocating contraction movement, and then the upper pressure plate 46 and the lower pressure plate 47 are controlled to move back and forth as a whole. Then, the liquid that may remain on the surface of the optical fiber 5 can be wiped by the nano cleaning block 48, and the setting of the nano cleaning block 48 can avoid scratching the outer surface of the optical fiber 5.

[0075] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Optical fiber vacuum coating process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 optical fiber surface pretreatment, transporting the optical fiber to the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder (11) to clean, roughen, sensitize and activate the optical fiber surface, thereby enhancing the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process; S2: Optical fiber coating, using chemical plating or vacuum coating technology to coat the optical fiber surface with reflective film, anti-reflection film or semi-reflective and semi-transparent film; S3: Post-treatment, which removes residual chemicals from the coating process through cleaning and drying to ensure the cleanliness and stability of the optical fiber surface; S4: Fusion splicing: For optical fibers with coated ends, the coated optical fibers are fused with the optical fibers to be used to ensure the continuity of optical performance.

2. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the basis of S1, the dirt and impurities on the optical fiber surface are removed by the pretreatment unit (8) to ensure the cleanliness of the optical fiber coating substrate, the roughness of the optical fiber surface is increased by the optical fiber roughening component (14) to improve the adhesion of metal or optical film, and the optical fiber surface is made reactive by the activation treatment unit (16) to enhance the adhesion of metal atoms during the coating process.

3. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical fiber pre-processing cylinder (11) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (10); a pre-processing unit (8), an optical fiber roughening assembly (14), and an activation processing unit (16) are sequentially mounted in the optical fiber pre-processing cylinder (11) along the optical fiber processing sequence; the mounting bracket (10) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support base (1); two groups of L-shaped brackets (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the optical fiber pre-processing cylinder (11); and the horizontal section of each group of L-shaped brackets (3) is movably extended into a guide groove (2) provided in the support base (1).

4. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two groups of driving rollers (4) are installed on the vertical section of each group of L-shaped brackets (3), and each group of driving rollers (4) is rotatably connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket (3) through the same driving shaft (22). The outer wall of the driving roller (4) is provided with a plurality of groups of optical fiber guide grooves (21). A bidirectional threaded rod (6) is installed in the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket (3). Two groups of driving guide members (7) are movably sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod (6), and the driving guide members (7) and the bidirectional threaded rod (6) are connected by threads. The top of the bidirectional threaded rod (6) is rotatably connected to the top of the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket (3), and a worm gear (19) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the bidirectional threaded rod (6).

5. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two ends of the driving rod (9) are respectively movable and penetrate the vertical sections of the two groups of L-shaped brackets (3), and one end of the driving rod (9) is installed with a handle wheel (18). The outer wall of the driving rod (9) located in the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket (3) is fixedly sleeved with the same worm (20), and the worm (20) is meshed with the worm wheel (19).

6. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 3, characterized in that: A driving gear 1 (12) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder (11), a driving motor (24) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting bracket (10), and a driving gear 2 (25) is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor (24), and the driving gear 2 (25) is meshed with the driving gear 1 (12). A plurality of groups of T-driven screw rods (23) are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder (11), and each group of T-driven screw rods (23) is movably extended into the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder (11), and the T-driven screw rods (23) are connected to the optical fiber preprocessing cylinder (11) through threads.

7. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The optical fiber roughening assembly (14) is composed of two groups of U-shaped mounting brackets (26) and roughening pieces (28) symmetrically arranged in an upper and lower direction, and each group of roughening pieces (28) is slidably arranged in one group of U-shaped mounting brackets (26). Each group of U-shaped mounting brackets (26) and the roughening pieces (28) are connected by a locking unit (15). A guide groove (27) is provided in the U-shaped mounting bracket (26). One end of the T-driven screw (23) extends into the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder (11) and is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped mounting bracket (26). The outer wall of the roughening piece (28) is fixedly arranged on a limiting rod (30) matching the guide groove (27). The two groups of roughening pieces (28) are both provided with the same roughening groove (29) on the side close to each other, and the outer wall of the roughening groove (29) is a frosted surface.

8. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking unit (15) comprises: an L-shaped fixing plate (32), the L-shaped fixing plate (32) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the U-shaped mounting bracket (26), a clamping member (33) is slidably connected to the L-shaped fixing plate (32), a T-shaped connecting rod (34) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped fixing plate (32), and the clamping member (33) is slidably connected to the T-shaped connecting rod (34), a return spring (35) is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped connecting rod (34), and one end of the return spring (35) is fixedly connected to the end of the T-shaped connecting rod (34), and the other end of the return spring (35) is fixedly connected to the clamping member (33), and the outer wall of the roughening member (28) is provided with a clamping groove (31) that matches the clamping member (33).

9. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pretreatment unit (8) has the same structure as the activation treatment unit (16). The pretreatment unit (8) comprises: an annular member (38), a supporting liquid box (36) is symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the annular member (38), and the annular member (38) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder (11) through the supporting liquid box (36), a plurality of groups of nozzles (39) are provided on the inner ring wall of the annular member (38), a connecting pipe (37) is provided outside the supporting liquid box (36), and the connecting pipe (37) extends out of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder (11), a liquid pump is installed in the supporting liquid box (36), and a hot air box (41) is fixedly provided on the top of the inner wall of the optical fiber pretreatment cylinder (11) close to the activation treatment unit (16), and a hot air pipe (40) is provided on the top of the hot air box (41).

10. The optical fiber vacuum coating process according to claim 8, characterized in that: A final processing unit (17) is installed on the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket (3) on one side. The final processing unit (17) includes: an electric push rod (42), the fixed end of the electric push rod (42) is fixedly connected to the vertical section of the L-shaped bracket (3), the output end of the electric push rod (42) is fixedly provided with a fixed box (43), the bottom of the fixed box (43) is fixedly provided with a fixed rod (44), and the lower pressure plate (47) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod (44), and a fixed box (43) on one side is installed. The driving motor is provided, and the bottom of the threaded rod (45) is movably extended into the fixed box (43) and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. The top of the fixed box (43) on the other side is fixedly provided with a guide rod (49). The upper pressing plate (46) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod (45) and the guide rod (49), and the upper pressing plate (46) and the threaded rod (45) are connected by threads. The same nano-cleaning block (48) is installed on the side where the upper pressing plate (46) and the lower pressing plate (47) are close to each other.

Images