A spray preventer control system and control method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of blowout preventer (BOP) control technology, and specifically relates to a BOP control system and method. A wellhead pressure monitoring module monitors the wellhead pressure in real time using a wellhead pressure sensor. A BOP control module monitors and adjusts the BOP pressure in real time. The controller outputs corresponding pressure control signals based on the real-time received wellhead and BOP pressures. A hydraulic power module provides low-pressure adjustment power to the BOP pressure via hydraulic pressure. A pneumatic power module provides high-pressure adjustment power to the BOP pressure via pneumatic pressure. Power is provided to the BOP through the hydraulic and pneumatic power modules. The hydraulic pump enables low-pressure adjustment, and the pneumatic pump enables high-pressure adjustment, thus expanding the pressure adjustment range of the BOP.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spray preventer control technology, and specifically relates to a spray preventer control system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] The coiled tubing blowout preventer (BOP) is one of the key pieces of equipment used to control wellhead pressure in coiled tubing operations. Its main function is to provide static blowout protection against high-pressure media in the well during coiled tubing tripping operations, preventing high-pressure fluid from leaking out of the wellhead. As the complexity of coiled tubing operations continues to increase, traditional manual control methods can no longer meet the demands for efficient and safe operations. Currently, most coiled tubing BOPs on the market use an open-loop control method, meaning they operate based on preset parameters without considering actual wellhead pressure changes.

[0003] This method may fail to respond promptly to changes in wellhead pressure in certain situations, increasing operational risks. Traditional manual control relies on operator experience and judgment, making it prone to errors, especially under extreme conditions such as high pressure and high temperature, where accuracy is difficult to guarantee. Existing open-loop control systems cannot make real-time adjustments based on actual changes in wellhead pressure, potentially leading to blowout preventer (BOP) control failure and increasing the risk of blowouts. When faced with sudden changes in wellhead pressure, existing BOP control systems often have slow response times, failing to take timely measures and increasing the likelihood of accidents.

[0004] In coiled tubing operations, especially in high-pressure oil and gas wells, wellhead pressure can change very rapidly. This necessitates a quick response from the blowout preventer (BOP) to ensure effective wellhead pressure control. Furthermore, with the development of coiled tubing technology, even higher demands are placed on the control precision and response speed of the BOP.

[0005] With advancements in automation and information technology, coiled tubing operations are moving towards intelligent control. The application of closed-loop control methods can automatically adjust the blowout preventer's (BOP) operating status based on real-time changes in wellhead pressure, thereby improving operational safety and efficiency. Therefore, developing a BOP control system is of great significance for improving the safety and efficiency of coiled tubing operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a spray preventer control system, including...

[0007] The wellhead pressure monitoring module monitors the wellhead pressure in real time using a wellhead pressure sensor;

[0008] The BOP control module monitors and adjusts the BOP pressure in real time.

[0009] The controller is connected to the wellhead pressure monitoring module and the blowout preventer control module, and outputs corresponding pressure control signals based on the real-time wellhead pressure and blowout preventer pressure received.

[0010] The hydraulic power module, connected to the blowout preventer control module, is used to provide low-pressure power to regulate the blowout preventer pressure via hydraulic pressure.

[0011] The pneumatic power module, connected to the blowout preventer control module, is used to provide high-pressure power to regulate the pressure of the blowout preventer via pneumatics;

[0012] The leak detection module connects to the controller to monitor the leak status of the popper box in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the blowout preventer control module comprises N groups; each group of the blowout preventer control module includes a blowout preventer pressure regulating valve, a blowout preventer control valve, and a blowout preventer pressure sensor connected in sequence; the input end of the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve is connected to the pneumatic power module and the hydraulic power module.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic power module includes a hydraulic oil tank and a system pump; the system pump is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic oil supplied by the system pump enters the diverter block, and after being diverted by the diverter block, it enters the N groups of blowout preventer control modules respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the pneumatic power module includes an air tank and a pneumatic pump; the output end of the air tank is connected to the pneumatic pump, and the output end of the pneumatic pump is connected to the blowout preventer control module.

[0016] Furthermore, a pressure-building valve is connected between the system pump and the flow divider block; a system pressure sensor and a system overflow valve are connected to the flow divider block; and a check valve is provided between the flow divider block and the blowout preventer control module.

[0017] Furthermore, an air pressure reducing valve is connected between the air storage tank and the pneumatic pump; a pneumatic pressure sensor and a high-pressure supply switching valve are sequentially connected between the pneumatic pump and the blowout preventer control module, and a one-way valve is provided between the high-pressure supply switching valve and the blowout preventer control module.

[0018] This invention proposes a poppreer control method, applicable to any of the above-mentioned poppreer control systems, specifically including the following steps:

[0019] The leak detection module identifies the operating condition of the blowout preventer, and the alarm monitoring determines whether to trigger an alarm based on the identified operating condition.

[0020] If the alarm monitoring determines that an alarm has been triggered, the emergency control mode is activated; then the process ends after outputting parameters.

[0021] If the alarm monitoring determines that no alarm will be triggered, then the input parameters will be processed.

[0022] Then select automatic or manual control mode, output the parameters, and end the process.

[0023] Furthermore, the automatic control mode specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Wellhead pressure data is collected and processed based on the wellhead pressure monitoring module.

[0025] The wellhead pressure is divided into M intervals; each interval of the wellhead pressure corresponds to a blowout preventer (BOP) pressure setting value; the corresponding BOP pressure setting value is determined according to the interval where the actual wellhead pressure is located.

[0026] If the blowout preventer pressure setpoint is less than a, then collect the blowout preventer pressure data and perform data processing.

[0027] Calculate the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the blowout preventer pressure setpoint to obtain the error b; compare the error b with the error setpoint.

[0028] If the blowout preventer pressure setting is greater than a, then adjust the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve to its maximum value.

[0029] Next, collect the pressure data of the blowout preventer box and perform data processing;

[0030] Calculate the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the set blowout preventer pressure value to obtain the error c; compare the error c with the error set value.

[0031] Furthermore, if the error b is greater than the error set value, the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve is adjusted; if the error b is less than the error set value, the process ends.

[0032] If the error c is greater than the error set value, the air pressure reducing valve is adjusted; if the error c is less than the error set value, the process ends.

[0033] Furthermore, the leakage detection module identifies the operating condition of the blowout preventer by the following steps:

[0034] Image recognition-based identification of blowout preventer seal leaks;

[0035] Use a high-definition explosion-proof camera to capture images of the horn opening;

[0036] Calibrate normal and abnormal operating conditions and perform image preprocessing;

[0037] Automatically extract leaked image features using convolutional neural networks;

[0038] Train the model using a labeled dataset and tune the hyperparameters to optimize performance;

[0039] Analyze real-time acquired images to identify abnormal operating conditions;

[0040] If an anomaly is detected, an alarm will be triggered and emergency control mode will be activated.

[0041] Furthermore, the emergency control mode includes the following steps:

[0042] Determine the pressure of the first set of pop-out guards;

[0043] If the pressure of the first group of blowout preventers is less than d;

[0044] Increase the pressure of the first set of blowout preventers and determine if the first set of blowout preventers is leaking;

[0045] If the pressure of the first group of blowout preventers is greater than d, then it is directly determined whether the first group of blowout preventers is leaking.

[0046] Furthermore, if the determination of the leakage status of the first group of popper boxes is continued leakage;

[0047] If the first set of BOPs is deemed to be faulty, switch the control valve of the next set of BOPs to the clamping position and increase the pressure of the control valve of the next set of BOPs; then determine the leakage status of the next set of BOPs.

[0048] If the determination of the leakage status of the first group of popper boxes is that there is no longer any leakage, then the automatic control process ends;

[0049] If the next set of blowout preventers continues to leak, the control valve of the next set of blowout preventers will be switched repeatedly until the leakage stops, at which point the automatic control process will end.

[0050] Beneficial effects

[0051] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are as follows:

[0052] 1. This application provides power to the blowout preventer box through a hydraulic power module and a pneumatic power module; the hydraulic pump realizes low-pressure regulation, and the pneumatic pump realizes high-pressure regulation, thereby expanding the pressure regulation range of the blowout preventer box.

[0053] 2. In this application, images captured by a camera at the horn opening are analyzed in real time to identify abnormal situations, thereby enabling faster implementation of emergency control modes to address the leak in the blowout preventer.

[0054] 3. This application also sets up multiple sets of blowout preventer control modules to adjust the blowout preventer pressure and, in conjunction with the identification of whether the blowout preventer is leaking, switch to the next set of blowout preventer control modules to operate; thus ensuring the effectiveness of blowout preventer leakage control.

[0055] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0057] Figure 1 A system structure diagram of the spray guard control system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0058] Figure 2 A closed-loop control flowchart of the spray guard in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0059] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the automatic pressure control process of the blowout preventer box in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0060] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the leakage identification process of the blowout preventer in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0061] Figure 5 An emergency control flowchart for blowout box leakage in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0062] In the diagram, 1. Hydraulic oil tank; 2. System pump; 3. Pressure build-up valve; 4. Flow divider; 5. System pressure sensor; 6. System relief valve; 7. BOP pressure regulating valve; 8. BOP control valve; 11. Check valve; 12. High-pressure supply switching valve; 13. Pneumatic pressure sensor; 14. Air tank; 15. Air pressure reducing valve; 16. Pneumatic pump; 17. BOP pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] This application provides a pop filter control system, including

[0065] The wellhead pressure monitoring module monitors the wellhead pressure in real time using a wellhead pressure sensor;

[0066] The BOP control module monitors and adjusts the BOP pressure in real time.

[0067] The controller is connected to the wellhead pressure monitoring module and the blowout preventer control module, and outputs corresponding pressure control signals based on the real-time wellhead pressure and blowout preventer pressure received.

[0068] The hydraulic power module, connected to the blowout preventer control module, is used to provide low-pressure power to regulate the blowout preventer pressure via hydraulic pressure.

[0069] The pneumatic power module, connected to the blowout preventer control module, is used to provide high-pressure power to regulate the pressure of the blowout preventer via pneumatics;

[0070] The leak detection module connects to the controller to monitor the leak status of the popper box in real time.

[0071] The blowout preventer control module has N groups; each group of the blowout preventer control module includes a blowout preventer pressure regulating valve 7, a blowout preventer control valve 8 and a blowout preventer pressure sensor 17 connected in sequence; the input end of the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve 7 is connected to the pneumatic power module and the hydraulic power module.

[0072] The hydraulic power module includes a hydraulic oil tank 1 and a system pump 2; the system pump 2 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1, and the hydraulic oil supplied by the system pump 2 enters the diversion block 4, and after being diverted by the diversion block 4, it enters the N groups of blowout preventer control modules respectively.

[0073] The pneumatic power module includes an air tank 14 and a pneumatic pump 16; the output end of the air tank 14 is connected to the pneumatic pump 16, and the output end of the pneumatic pump 16 is connected to the blowout preventer control module through the pneumatic pump 16 pressure regulating valve.

[0074] A pressure building valve 3 is connected between the system pump 2 and the diversion block 4; a system pressure sensor 5 and a system overflow valve 6 are connected to the diversion block 4; and a one-way valve 11 is provided between the diversion block 4 and the blowout preventer control module.

[0075] A gas pressure reducing valve 15 is connected between the gas storage tank 14 and the pneumatic pump 16; a pneumatic pressure sensor 13 and a high-pressure supply switching valve 12 are connected in sequence between the pneumatic pump 16 and the blowout preventer control module, and a one-way valve 11 is provided between the high-pressure supply switching valve 12 and the blowout preventer control module.

[0076] refer to Figure 1Hydraulic oil tank 1 stores and supplies clean hydraulic oil to the hydraulic power module, and then switches the pressure build-up and pressure relief states of system pump 2 through pressure build-up valve 3; flow divider 4 supplies high-pressure hydraulic oil to the blowout preventer box at a fixed flow rate; system pressure sensor 5 measures the pressure of system pump 2; system relief valve 6 provides overpressure protection; blowout preventer box pressure regulating valve 7 is used to regulate the pressure of the blowout preventer box; blowout preventer box control valve 8 is used to control the opening or closing of the blowout preventer box; check valve 11 can isolate the system pump 2 circuit from the pneumatic pump 16 circuit. The circuit is designed to prevent mutual interference; the high-pressure supply switching valve 12 switches to the pneumatic pump 16 circuit when the blowout preventer box is under high pressure; the pneumatic pressure sensor 13 measures the pressure of the pneumatic pump 16 circuit; the air tank 14 provides air to the pneumatic pump 16; the air circuit pressure reducing valve 15 is used for emergency pressure supply; the pneumatic pump 16 provides power to the circuit; the blowout preventer box pressure sensor 17 detects the blowout preventer box pressure; w indicates that the #1 blowout preventer box is tightened; m indicates that the #1 blowout preventer box is loosened; q indicates that the #2 blowout preventer box is tightened; p indicates that the #2 blowout preventer box is loosened.

[0077] During implementation, equipment, facilities, and tools are first placed on-site to connect the facilities and ground processes. The corresponding equipment is then started to complete the pressure test of the coiled tubing equipment. The wellhead is opened to prepare for coiled tubing installation. In manual control mode, the engine is started to build pressure in system pump 2 and pressure settings are completed for other equipment. The wellhead pressure sensor measures the wellhead pressure and transmits the current to the controller. The controller uses a moving average filtering method to obtain the filtered wellhead pressure, which is then proportionally converted to a wellhead pressure value and transmitted to the host computer for display.

[0078] The operator adjusts the blowout preventer control valve 8 to the clamping position, adjusts the blowout preventer pressure adjustment knob, and adjusts the blowout preventer pressure according to the wellhead pressure;

[0079] When the inlet pressure is stable and the automatic control mode is in operation, PID control (proportional, integral, derivative control) is used. If the leak detection module does not detect a blowout preventer (BOP) leak, the wellhead pressure sensor measures the wellhead pressure and transmits the current to the controller. The controller uses a sliding filter and proportionally converts the measured pressure to a wellhead pressure value. The controller divides the wellhead pressure into M intervals; taking M=10 as an example, the wellhead pressure is divided into 10 intervals, each corresponding to a BOP pressure setpoint. The BOP pressure is compared with the setpoint to obtain the error value. The BOP regulating valve current is adjusted proportionally. When the error value is less than the setpoint, the current no longer changes. When the wellhead pressure fluctuates, the BOP pressure will automatically adjust according to the recommended pressure value.

[0080] When the leak detection module detects a blowout preventer (BOP) leak, the host computer alarms. The controller gradually increases the BOP pressure. If leakage continues after the BOP pressure exceeds 20 MPa, the system switches to emergency control mode. Pneumatic pump 16 starts to further increase the BOP pressure. Once the leak is controlled, the BOP pressure stops increasing. If leakage continues after the pressure reaches 35 MPa, the BOP core is considered damaged. The next BOP is automatically switched to the clamping position, and the pressure of the next BOP is increased, thus achieving BOP leak control.

[0081] After the operation is completed, the ground pipelines and auxiliary tools are retrieved, the equipment and tools are loaded onto the vehicle for inspection, and after confirming that everything is in order, the equipment and tools are removed from the well site; the site is then handed over to the mining party for the next step of construction.

[0082] This application provides power to the blowout preventer box through a hydraulic power module and a pneumatic power module; the hydraulic pump realizes low-pressure regulation, and the pneumatic pump 16 realizes high-pressure regulation, thereby expanding the pressure regulation range of the blowout preventer box.

[0083] This application provides a popper control method, applicable to any of the aforementioned popper control systems, referencing... Figure 2 Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0084] Configure the parameters of the control system and initialize its state.

[0085] Set the device parameters and alarm parameters for the popper control module;

[0086] The leak detection module identifies the operating condition of the blowout preventer, and alarm monitoring determines whether an alarm should be triggered.

[0087] If the alarm monitoring determines that an alarm has been triggered, the emergency control mode is activated; then the process ends after outputting parameters.

[0088] If the alarm monitoring determines that no alarm will be triggered, then the input parameters will be processed.

[0089] Then select automatic or manual control mode, output the parameters, and end the process.

[0090] In one embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 3 The automatic control mode specifically includes the following steps:

[0091] Wellhead pressure data is collected and processed based on the wellhead pressure monitoring module.

[0092] The wellhead pressure is divided into M intervals; each interval of the wellhead pressure corresponds to a blowout preventer (BOP) pressure setting value; the corresponding BOP pressure setting value is determined according to the interval where the actual wellhead pressure is located.

[0093] If the blowout preventer pressure setpoint is less than a, then collect the blowout preventer pressure data and perform data processing.

[0094] Calculate the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the blowout preventer pressure setpoint to obtain the error b; compare the error b with the error setpoint.

[0095] If the blowout preventer pressure setting value is greater than a, then adjust the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve 7 to the maximum value.

[0096] Next, collect the pressure data of the blowout preventer box and perform data processing;

[0097] Calculate the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the set blowout preventer pressure value to obtain the error c; compare the error c with the error set value.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the error b is greater than the error set value, the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve 7 is adjusted; if the error b is less than the error set value, the process ends.

[0099] If the error c is greater than the error setting value, then adjust the air pressure reducing valve 15; if the error c is less than the error setting value, then end the process.

[0100] During implementation, the wellhead pressure is divided into 10 intervals. If the blowout preventer (BOP) pressure setting is less than a (a is 20 MPa), a hydraulic pump is used for adjustment. Then, the difference between the BOP pressure and the BOP pressure setting is judged during the hydraulic pump adjustment. If the difference b is greater than the error setting, the BOP pressure needs to be readjusted by adjusting the BOP pressure regulating valve 7. The error setting is set to avoid the influence of continuous system oscillation on the measured values.

[0101] If the set value of the blowout preventer pressure is not less than a (a is 20MPa), the pneumatic pump 16 is used for adjustment. Then the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the set value of the blowout preventer pressure is judged. If the error c is greater than the error setting value, the blowout preventer pressure is readjusted by adjusting the air pressure reducing valve 15.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 4 The leakage detection module identifies the operating condition of the blowout preventer by the following steps:

[0103] Image recognition-based identification of blowout preventer seal leaks;

[0104] Use a high-definition explosion-proof camera to capture images of the horn opening;

[0105] Calibrate normal and abnormal operating conditions and perform image preprocessing;

[0106] Automatically extract leaked image features using convolutional neural networks;

[0107] Train the model using a labeled dataset and tune the hyperparameters to optimize performance;

[0108] Analyze real-time acquired images to identify abnormal operating conditions;

[0109] If an anomaly is detected, an alarm will be triggered and emergency control mode will be activated.

[0110] During implementation, a high-definition explosion-proof camera is positioned at the horn opening to capture images of the horn opening. The captured images undergo preprocessing to calibrate normal and abnormal operating conditions. The preprocessed images are then input into a convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically extract leakage image features. Next, a labeled dataset is used to train the model, and hyperparameters are adjusted to optimize performance. The trained model is used to analyze the real-time acquired images and identify abnormal situations. If an abnormal situation is detected, the system will sound an alarm and activate the emergency control mode.

[0111] In one embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 5 The emergency control mode includes the following steps:

[0112] Determine the pressure of the first set of pop-out guards;

[0113] If the pressure of the first group of blowout preventers is less than d;

[0114] Increase the pressure of the first set of blowout preventers and determine if the first set of blowout preventers is leaking;

[0115] If the pressure of the first group of blowout preventers is greater than d, then it is directly determined whether the first group of blowout preventers is leaking.

[0116] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the determination of the leakage status of the first group of blowout preventers is continued leakage;

[0117] If the first group of blowout preventers is deemed to be faulty, switch the control valve 8 of the next group of blowout preventers to the clamping position and increase the pressure of the control valve 8 of the next group of blowout preventers; then determine the leakage status of the next group of blowout preventers.

[0118] If the determination of the leakage status of the first group of popper boxes is that there is no longer any leakage, then the automatic control process ends;

[0119] If the next set of blowout preventers continues to leak, the control valve 8 of the next set of blowout preventers will be switched repeatedly until the leakage stops and the automatic control process ends.

[0120] During implementation, when identifying the operating condition of the blowout preventer (BOP), if an abnormal situation is detected, the BOP emergency control mode is activated. First, the pressure of BOP #1 is monitored to see if it is less than 30 MPa. If the pressure of BOP #1 is less than 30 MPa, the pressure of BOP #1 is increased until it reaches its maximum pressure under the high-pressure regulation of pneumatic pump 16. Then, it is determined whether BOP #1 continues to leak. If the pressure of BOP #1 is above 30 MPa, it is determined whether BOP #1 continues to leak. If it continues to leak, BOP #1 is considered to have failed. BOP #2 is activated until the BOP stops leaking. If leakage still occurs after activating multiple BOPs, the BOPs of other equipment are activated.

[0121] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray guard control system, characterized in that, include The wellhead pressure monitoring module monitors the wellhead pressure in real time using a wellhead pressure sensor; The BOP control module monitors and adjusts the BOP pressure in real time. The controller is connected to the wellhead pressure monitoring module and the blowout preventer control module, and outputs corresponding pressure control signals based on the real-time wellhead pressure and blowout preventer pressure received. The hydraulic power module, connected to the blowout preventer control module, is used to provide low-pressure power to regulate the blowout preventer pressure via hydraulic pressure. The pneumatic power module, connected to the blowout preventer control module, is used to provide high-pressure power to regulate the pressure of the blowout preventer via pneumatics; The leak detection module connects to the controller to monitor the leak status of the popper box in real time.

2. The spray guard control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blowout preventer control module has N groups; each group of the blowout preventer control module includes a blowout preventer pressure regulating valve (7), a blowout preventer control valve (8) and a blowout preventer pressure sensor (17) connected in sequence; the input end of the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve (7) is connected to the pneumatic power module and the hydraulic power module.

3. The blowout preventer control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic power module includes a hydraulic oil tank (1) and a system pump (2); the system pump (2) is connected to the hydraulic oil tank (1), and the hydraulic oil provided by the system pump (2) enters the diversion block (4), and after being diverted by the diversion block (4), it enters the N groups of blowout preventer control modules respectively.

4. A blowout preventer control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pneumatic power module includes an air tank (14) and a pneumatic pump (16); the output end of the air tank (14) is connected to the pneumatic pump (16), and the output end of the pneumatic pump (16) is connected to the blowout preventer control module.

5. A spray guard control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A pressure building valve (3) is connected between the system pump (2) and the flow divider (4); a system pressure sensor (5) and a system overflow valve (6) are connected to the flow divider (4); and a one-way valve (11) is provided between the flow divider (4) and the blowout preventer control module.

6. A spray guard control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A pressure reducing valve (15) is connected between the gas storage tank (14) and the pneumatic pump (16); a pneumatic pressure sensor (13) and a high-pressure supply switching valve (12) are connected in sequence between the pneumatic pump (16) and the blowout preventer control module; a one-way valve (11) is provided between the high-pressure supply switching valve (12) and the blowout preventer control module.

7. A method for controlling a popout preventer, applied to a popout preventer control system as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Specifically, the steps include the following: The leak detection module identifies the operating condition of the blowout preventer, and the alarm monitoring determines whether to trigger an alarm based on the identified operating condition. If the alarm monitoring determines that an alarm has been triggered, the emergency control mode is activated; then the process ends after outputting parameters. If the alarm monitoring determines that no alarm will be triggered, then the input parameters will be processed. Then select automatic or manual control mode, output the parameters, and end the process.

8. The method for controlling a spray preventer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The automatic control mode specifically includes the following steps: Wellhead pressure data is collected and processed based on the wellhead pressure monitoring module. The wellhead pressure is divided into M intervals; each interval of the wellhead pressure corresponds to a blowout preventer (BOP) pressure setting value; the corresponding BOP pressure setting value is determined according to the interval where the actual wellhead pressure is located. If the blowout preventer pressure setpoint is less than a, then collect the blowout preventer pressure data and perform data processing. Calculate the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the blowout preventer pressure setpoint to obtain the error b; Compare the error b with the error set value; If the blowout preventer pressure setting value is greater than a, then adjust the blowout preventer pressure regulating valve (7) to the maximum value. Next, collect the pressure data of the blowout preventer box and perform data processing; Calculate the difference between the blowout preventer pressure and the blowout preventer pressure setpoint to obtain the error c; The error c is compared with the error setpoint.

9. A method for controlling a spray preventer according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the error b is greater than the error setting value, then adjust the blowout box pressure regulating valve (7); if the error b is less than the error setting value, then end the process. If the error c is greater than the error setting value, then adjust the air pressure reducing valve (15); if the error c is less than the error setting value, then end the process.

10. A method for controlling a spray preventer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The leakage detection module identifies the operating condition of the blowout preventer by the following steps: Image recognition-based identification of blowout preventer seal leaks; Use a high-definition explosion-proof camera to capture images of the horn opening; Calibrate normal and abnormal operating conditions and perform image preprocessing; Automatically extract leaked image features using convolutional neural networks; Train the model using a labeled dataset and tune the hyperparameters to optimize performance; Analyze real-time acquired images to identify abnormal operating conditions; If an anomaly is detected, an alarm will be triggered and emergency control mode will be activated.

11. A method for controlling a blowout preventer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The emergency control mode includes the following steps: Determine the pressure of the first set of pop-out guards; If the pressure of the first group of blowout preventers is less than d; Increase the pressure of the first set of blowout preventers and determine if the first set of blowout preventers is leaking; If the pressure of the first group of blowout preventers is greater than d, then it is directly determined whether the first group of blowout preventers is leaking.

12. A method for controlling a blowout preventer according to claim 11, characterized in that, If the determination of the leakage status of the first group of popper boxes is continued leakage; If the first group of blowout preventers fails, switch the control valve (8) of the next group of blowout preventers to the clamping position and increase the pressure of the control valve (8) of the next group of blowout preventers; then determine the leakage status of the next group of blowout preventers. If the determination of the leakage status of the first group of popper boxes is that there is no longer any leakage, then the automatic control process ends; If the next set of blowout preventers continues to leak, the control valve (8) of the next set of blowout preventers will be switched repeatedly until the leakage stops and the automatic control process ends.

Images