Tunnel open cut tunnel waterproof and drainage structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waterproof and drainage structure for an open cut tunnel, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction. A tunnel open cut tunnel waterproof and drainage structure comprises a ground line, a clay waterproof layer fixed to the lower end of the ground line, a foundation fixed to the lower end of the ground line, a tunnel wall fixed to the foundation, an inverted arch fixed to the lower end of the tunnel wall, a center pipe fixed to the lower end of the inverted arch, a backfill layer arranged between the tunnel wall and the clay waterproof layer, and side water grooves formed in the two sides of the tunnel wall. The side water tank is fixedly connected with the foundation, a protection plate is arranged between the backfill layer and the tunnel wall, an arc-shaped drainage pipe is arranged between the tunnel wall and the protection plate and communicates with the side water tank, and a supporting mechanism is arranged on the protection plate. When the waterproof and drainage mechanism is used, the inverted arch improves the stability of the tunnel, the arc-shaped drainage pipe is supported and protected through the supporting mechanism, deformation and damage of the arc-shaped drainage pipe are reduced, and the influence on the tunnel is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel open hole drainage structure. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the tunnel drainage mechanism is to prevent water from eroding and damaging the tunnel structure and to ensure the safe operation of the tunnel. After the construction of the tunnel, since the tunnel changes the original water system balance of the mountain, the tunnel becomes a channel for the accumulation of nearby groundwater. If the tunnel is connected to the aquifer and the tunnel drainage structure is not perfect, tunnel water damage is likely to occur. The leaking water will not only erode the tunnel structure and shorten the service life of the tunnel, but also damage the equipment in the tunnel, affecting driving safety.

[0003] The existing Chinese public patent (authorization announcement number: CN219527700U) mentions a highway engineering tunnel open hole comprehensive drainage system, including a horizontal gravel drainage cushion layer set at the lower part of both sides of the open hole, a longitudinal drainage pipe is buried in the horizontal drainage cushion layer, a number of vertical drainage cushion layers are set on the slopes on both sides of the open hole, and a number of annular drainage pipes are laid on the upper part of the open hole body, and each of the two ends of the annular drainage pipe is connected with the longitudinal drainage pipes buried in the horizontal drainage cushion layer on both sides of the open hole; the slopes on both sides of the open hole are filled with foam concrete backfill, and a non-woven geotextile layer covering all the annular drainage pipes and foam concrete backfill is also laid on the upper part of the open hole body. The utility model aims to solve the problems of the current tunnel drainage system that the drainage is mainly for drainage and the drainage is supplementary, the drainage structure is not systematic, and it is not suitable for open holes with serious water seepage. Starting from the backfill material of the open hole, a complete new tunnel drainage system that takes both drainage and drainage into consideration is formed, which is particularly suitable for drainage of open holes under severe water seepage conditions and is suitable for wide promotion and application.

[0004] When the drainage structure is in use, it is used for drainage in the tunnel, and the infiltrated water is discharged through the drainage mechanism to reduce the impact on the tunnel. When draining, a drainage pipe is usually set up, and during the construction process, the tunnel needs to be backfilled with soil to reinforce the tunnel. When backfilling the soil, the amount of backfill soil is large, and it is necessary to fill both sides and the upper end of the tunnel. A large amount of backfill soil will squeeze the drainage pipe, which may easily cause deformation or damage to the drainage pipe, and then it is easy for the water to be unable to be discharged in time, affecting the safety of the tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem that the drainage pipe is easily deformed or damaged by the squeezing force on the drainage pipe during backfilling, and the present application provides a tunnel open hole drainage structure.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this application specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure comprises a ground line, a clay waterproof layer is fixed to the lower end of the ground line, a foundation is fixed to the lower end of the ground line, a tunnel wall is fixed on the foundation, an invert is fixed to the lower end of the tunnel wall, a center pipe is fixed to the lower end of the invert, a backfill layer is arranged between the tunnel wall and the clay waterproof layer, side water grooves are opened on both sides of the tunnel wall, the side water grooves are fixedly connected to the foundation, a protective plate is arranged between the backfill layer and the tunnel wall, an arc-shaped drainage pipe is arranged between the tunnel wall and the protective plate, the arc-shaped drainage pipe is connected to the side water grooves, and a supporting mechanism is arranged on the protective plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drainage mechanism is in use, the invert increases the stability of the tunnel, and the arc drainage pipe is supported and protected by the supporting mechanism, thereby reducing the deformation and damage of the arc drainage pipe and reducing the impact on the tunnel.

[0009] Furthermore, the supporting mechanism includes supporting columns fixed on the outer side of the tunnel wall, the supporting columns are distributed in an array, the supporting columns penetrate the protective plate and extend into the backfill layer, a fixing block is fixed on the supporting column, the fixing block is fixedly connected to the protective plate, and a supporting assembly is arranged between the backfill layer and the foundation.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the dispersed phase is conducted around the support column. During the conduction, the fixed block fixes and supports the support column, and at the same time, the protective plate is fixed and supported, thereby reducing the deformation and damage of the arc drain pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the support assembly includes support rods arranged on both sides of the tunnel wall, inclined rods are fixed to the sides of the support rods, fixed plates are fixed to the ends of the support rods, one end of the inclined rods away from the support rods is fixedly connected to the fixed plates, the support column parts on the tunnel walls are fixedly connected to the support rods, the support rods are fixedly connected to the foundation, and the fixed plates and the inclined rods are arranged in the backfill layer.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined rods support and fix the fixed plate. At the same time, the force exerted on part of the protective plate is transmitted to the fixed plate through the supporting columns, thereby reducing the force of the backfill layer on the arc-shaped drainage pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a water filter layer is provided on the inner wall of the backfill layer, and the water filter layer is paved with pebbles.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the water filter layer filters the infiltrated water, reduces large debris and residues in the water, and reduces the blockage of the arc drainage pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the protective plate is provided with water leakage holes, the water leakage holes are distributed in an array, the water leakage holes are distributed between the fixed blocks, and the water leakage holes correspond to the drainage holes on the arc-shaped drain pipe.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, water enters the arc-shaped drain pipe from the water leakage hole, which facilitates the discharge of water.

[0017] Furthermore, a waterproof layer is fixed on the outer side of the tunnel wall, and the waterproof layer is a compact board.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the waterproof board protects the tunnel wall and reduces water infiltration into the tunnel wall.

[0019] Furthermore, two water filter boxes are arranged between the anti-bate board and the waterproof board. The water filter boxes are located in the arc-shaped drain pipe and connected with the side water tank. The bottom and sides of the water filter boxes are hollowed out.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the water will be filtered again by the water filter box, reducing fine debris and residues in the water and reducing the clogging of the opposite side sink.

[0021] Furthermore, one side of the water filter box is fixed to the waterproof plate by bolts.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when replacing the water filter box, the bolts on the side of the protective plate can be unscrewed and the water filter box can be pulled out, so that the water filter tank can be cleaned and replaced conveniently.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. When the drainage mechanism is in use, the force exerted by the backfill layer is dispersed and transmitted around through the support columns. During the transmission, the fixed blocks support the support columns and at the same time, the protective plates are fixed and supported to reduce the movement of the protective plates. The dispersed force is transmitted to the tunnel wall through the protective plates, and then the fixed plates divide the pressure of the backfill layer. The inclined rods support and fix the fixed plates. At the same time, the force exerted on some of the protective plates is transmitted to the fixed plates through the support columns, reducing the force of the backfill layer on the arc drainage pipe, reducing the deformation and damage of the arc drainage pipe, and reducing the impact on the tunnel.

[0025] 2. When the drainage mechanism is in use, the filter layer filters the infiltrated water to reduce large debris and residue in the water. The infiltrated water enters the arc drain pipe through the leakage hole, and flows out into the side water tank through the arc drain pipe. When flowing out, the waterproof board protects the tunnel wall to reduce water infiltration into the tunnel wall. When flowing into the side water tank, the water will be filtered again by the filter box to reduce small debris and residue in the water, and reduce the blockage of the opposite side water tank and the arc drain pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the anti-drainage structure in this application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is an internal schematic diagram of the anti-drainage structure in this application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal side of the anti-drainage structure in this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This application Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Ground line; 2. Clay waterproof layer; 3. Backfill layer; 4. Foundation; 5. Side gutter; 6. Filter layer; 7. Tunnel wall; 8. Protective plate; 9. Leakage hole; 10. Support column; 11. Fixed block; 12. Filter box; 13. Waterproof board; 14. Support rod; 15. Diagonal rod; 16. Fixed plate; 17. Inverted arch; 18. Center pipe; 19. Arc drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application discloses a tunnel open hole drainage structure.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 A tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure comprises a ground line 1, a clay waterproofing layer 2 is fixed at the lower end of the ground line 1, a foundation 4 is fixed at the lower end of the ground line 1, a tunnel wall 7 is fixed on the foundation 4, an inverted arch 17 is fixed at the lower end of the tunnel wall 7, a central pipe 18 is fixed at the lower end of the inverted arch 17, a backfill layer 3 is arranged between the tunnel wall 7 and the clay waterproofing layer 2, side water grooves 5 are opened on both sides of the tunnel wall 7, the side water grooves 5 are fixedly connected to the foundation 4, a protective plate 8 is arranged between the backfill layer 3 and the tunnel wall 7, an arc-shaped drainage pipe 19 is arranged between the tunnel wall 7 and the protective plate 8, the arc-shaped drainage pipe 19 is connected to the side water groove 5, and a supporting mechanism is arranged on the protective plate 8.

[0035] When the drainage mechanism is in use, the clay waterproof layer 2 is used to reduce the water infiltration of the ground line 1 into the backfill layer 3, thereby maintaining the stability of the backfill layer 3. When drainage is required, the water flows into the water measuring trough through the arc drain pipe 19 and flows out. At the same time, drainage is carried out through the central pipe 18. The invert 17 increases the stability of the tunnel. The arc drain pipe 19 is supported and protected by the supporting mechanism, thereby reducing the deformation and damage of the arc drain pipe 19 and reducing the impact on the tunnel.

[0036] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4The support mechanism includes a support column 10 fixed to the outer side of the tunnel wall 7. The support columns 10 are arranged in an array. The support columns 10 penetrate the protective plate 8 and extend into the backfill layer 3. A fixing block 11 is fixed on the support column 10. The fixing block 11 is fixedly connected to the protective plate 8. A support assembly is arranged between the backfill layer 3 and the foundation 4. The support assembly includes a plurality of support rods 14 arranged on both sides of the tunnel wall 7. An inclined rod 15 is fixed to the side of the support rod 14. A fixing plate 16 is fixed to the ends of the plurality of support rods 14. The end of the inclined rod 15 away from the support rod 14 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 16. The support column 10 on the tunnel wall 7 is partially fixedly connected to the support rod 14. The support rod 14 is fixedly connected to the foundation 4. The fixing plate 16 and the inclined rod 15 are arranged in the backfill layer 3.

[0037] When the drainage mechanism is in use, when backfilling soil, the protective plate 8 protects the arc drainage pipe 19, and the force exerted by the backfill layer 3 is dispersed and transmitted around through the support column 10. During the transmission, the fixed block 11 fixes and supports the support column 10, and at the same time, fixes and supports the protective plate 8 to reduce the movement of the protective plate 8. The dispersed force is transmitted to the tunnel wall 7 through the protective plate 8, and then to the foundation 4. Then the fixed plate 16 divides the pressure of the backfill layer 3, and the force exerted on the backfill layer 3 is transmitted to the foundation 4 through the fixed plate 16. The inclined rod 15 supports and fixes the fixed plate 16. At the same time, the force exerted on part of the protective plate 8 is transmitted to the fixed plate 16 through the partial support column 10, thereby reducing the force of the backfill layer 3 on the arc drainage pipe 19, reducing the deformation and damage of the arc drainage pipe 19, and reducing the impact on the tunnel.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The inner wall of the backfill layer 3 is provided with a water filter layer 6, which is paved with pebbles. The protective plate 8 is provided with water leakage holes 9, which are distributed in an array and are distributed between the fixed blocks 11.

[0039] The leak hole 9 corresponds to the drainage hole on the arc-shaped drain pipe 19. A waterproof layer is fixed on the outer side of the tunnel wall 7, and the waterproof layer is a compact board. Two water filter boxes 12 are arranged between the compact board and the waterproof board 13. The water filter box 12 is located in the arc-shaped drain pipe 19 and communicates with the side water tank 5. The bottom and side of the water filter box 12 are hollowed out. One side of the water filter box 12 is fixed to the waterproof board 13 by bolts.

[0040] When the anti-drainage mechanism is in use, the water filter layer 6 filters the infiltrated water, reduces large debris and residues in the water, and reduces the blockage of the arc drain pipe 19. The infiltrated water enters the arc drain pipe 19 through the leaking hole 9, and flows out into the side water tank 5 through the arc drain pipe 19. When flowing out, the waterproof plate 13 protects the tunnel wall 7 to reduce water infiltration into the tunnel wall 7. When flowing into the side water tank 5, the water will be filtered again through the filter water box 12 to reduce fine debris and residues in the water and reduce the blockage of the opposite side water tank 5. When replacing the filter water box 12, the bolts on the side of the protective plate 8 can be unscrewed and the filter water box 12 can be pulled out to facilitate cleaning and replacement of the filter water tank.

[0041] The implementation principle of the tunnel open hole anti-drainage structure of the present embodiment is as follows: when the anti-drainage mechanism is in use, the clay waterproof layer 2 is used to reduce the water infiltration of the ground line 1 into the backfill layer 3, and the stability of the backfill layer 3 is maintained. When drainage is required, the water filter layer 6 filters the infiltrated water to reduce large debris and residues in the water and reduce the blockage of the arc drainage pipe 19. The seeped water enters the arc drainage pipe 19 through the leak hole 9 and flows out into the side water tank 5 through the arc drainage pipe 19. When flowing out, the waterproof plate 13 protects the tunnel wall 7 to reduce the water infiltration into the tunnel wall 7. When flowing into the side water tank 5, the water will be filtered again by the filter water box 12 to reduce the fine debris and residues in the water and reduce the blockage of the opposite side water tank 5. When replacing the filter water box 12, the bolts on the side of the protective plate 8 can be unscrewed and the filter water box 12 can be pulled out to facilitate cleaning and replacement of the filter water tank.

[0042] When the drainage mechanism is in use, when backfilling the soil, the protective plate 8 protects the arc drainage pipe 19, and the force exerted by the backfill layer 3 is dispersed and transmitted around through the support column 10. During the transmission, the fixed block 11 fixes and supports the support column 10, and at the same time, fixes and supports the protective plate 8 to reduce the movement of the protective plate 8. The dispersed force is transmitted to the tunnel wall 7 through the protective plate 8, and then to the foundation 4. Then the fixed plate 16 divides the pressure of the backfill layer 3, and the force exerted on the backfill layer 3 is transmitted to the foundation 4 through the fixed plate 16. The inclined rod 15 supports and fixes the fixed plate 16. At the same time, the force exerted on part of the protective plate 8 is transmitted to the fixed plate 16 through the partial support column 10, thereby reducing the force of the backfill layer 3 on the arc drainage pipe 19.

Claims

1. A tunnel open hole drainage structure, comprising a ground line (1), characterized in that: A clay waterproof layer (2) is fixed at the lower end of the ground line (1), a foundation (4) is fixed at the lower end of the ground line (1), a tunnel wall (7) is fixed on the foundation (4), an inverted arch (17) is fixed at the lower end of the tunnel wall (7), a central pipe (18) is fixed at the lower end of the inverted arch (17), a backfill layer (3) is provided between the tunnel wall (7) and the clay waterproof layer (2), side water grooves (5) are provided on both sides of the tunnel wall (7), the side water grooves (5) are fixedly connected to the foundation (4), a protective plate (8) is provided between the backfill layer (3) and the tunnel wall (7), an arc-shaped drainage pipe (19) is provided between the tunnel wall (7) and the protective plate (8), the arc-shaped drainage pipe (19) is connected to the side water groove (5), and a supporting mechanism is provided on the protective plate (8).

2. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support mechanism comprises a support column (10) fixed to the outer side of the tunnel wall (7), the support columns (10) being arranged in an array, the support columns (10) penetrating the protective plate (8) and extending into the backfill layer (3), a fixing block (11) being fixed to the support column (10), the fixing block (11) being fixedly connected to the protective plate (8), and a support assembly being arranged between the backfill layer (3) and the foundation (4).

3. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: The support assembly comprises support rods (14) arranged on both sides of a tunnel wall (7), oblique rods (15) are fixed to the sides of the support rods (14), a fixing plate (16) is fixed to the ends of the support rods (14), one end of the oblique rods (15) away from the support rods (14) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (16), a support column (10) portion on the tunnel wall (7) is fixedly connected to the support rods (14), the support rods (14) are fixedly connected to the foundation (4), and the fixing plate (16) and the oblique rods (15) are arranged in a backfill layer (3).

4. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 3 is characterized by: The inner wall of the backfill layer (3) is provided with a water filter layer (6), and the water filter layer (6) is paved with pebbles.

5. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The protective plate (8) is provided with water leakage holes (9), the water leakage holes (9) are distributed in an array, the water leakage holes (9) are distributed between the fixing blocks (11), and the water leakage holes (9) correspond to the drainage holes on the arc-shaped drainage pipe (19).

6. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof layer is fixed on the outer side of the tunnel wall (7), and the waterproof layer is a compact board.

7. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two water filter boxes (12) are arranged between the anti-bacterial board and the waterproof board (13); the water filter boxes (12) are located in the arc-shaped drainage pipe (19) and communicate with the side water tank (5); the bottom and side surfaces of the water filter boxes (12) are both hollowed out.

8. The tunnel open hole waterproofing and drainage structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: One side of the water filter box (12) is fixed to the waterproof plate (13) by means of bolts.

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